2026年基础护理英语测试题及答案

2026年基础护理英语测试题及答案

一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whendocumentingapatient’svitalsigns,whichabbreviationrepresents“bloodpressure”?A.HR B.RR C.BP D.SpO22.Theterm“dysphagia”referstodifficultyin:A.breathing B.swallowing C.speaking D.walking3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrecttranslationof“压疮”inEnglish?A.pressureulcer B.bedsore C.bothAandB D.contactsore4.Anursesays,“Ineeda22-gaugeIVcatheter.”Theword“gauge”hereindicates:A.length B.color C.diameter D.material5.TheEnglishexpressionfor“无菌技术”is:A.cleantechnique B.steriletechnique C.aseptictechnique D.antiseptictechnique6.WhenapatientisNPO,thenurseshould:A.offersipsofwaterhourly B.provideasoftdiet C.withholdallfoodandfluids D.encourageicechips7.Thesuffix“-itis”in“cystitis”means:A.tumor B.inflammation C.rupture D.narrowing8.Whichinstructionshowscorrectuseoftheverbformforapatientwithanewcolostomy?A.“Youwillirrigatedthestomadaily.”B.“Youwillirrigatethestomadaily.”C.“Youirrigatingthestomadaily.”D.“Youirrigatedthestomadaily.”9.TheEnglishtermfor“跌倒风险评估”is:A.fall-riskappraisal B.fall-riskassessment C.drop-riskcalculation D.tumble-risksurvey10.Ifapatientcomplainsof“orthopnea,”thenurseshouldexpectthepatientto:A.havechestpainoninspiration B.needtosituptobreathecomfortably C.experiencelegswelling D.faintonstanding二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11.Thepluralformof“diagnosis”is__________.12.Theabbreviationfor“twicedaily”inprescriptionwritingis__________.13.TheEnglishterm“皮下注射”is__________injection.14.Adeviceusedtomeasurebloodpressureiscalleda__________.15.Thephrase“24-hoururinecollection”meanscollectingallurinewithin__________hours.16.Theoppositeof“hypertension”is__________.17.TheEnglishexpressionfor“知情同意”is__________consent.18.Thecolorofahospitalidentificationbandforanallergyriskisusually__________.19.Thetermforrapidheartrateabove100beatsperminuteis__________.20.TheEnglishwordfor“痰”is__________.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）21.“QD”meansthemedicationshouldbegiveneveryday.( )22.Theword“ambulate”meanstofeedapatient.( )23.“WNL”indocumentationstandsfor“withinnormallimits.”( )24.Apatientwithhemiplegiahasparalysisofonesideofthebody.( )25.Thesuffix“-ectomy”meanssurgicalrepair.( )26.“Stat”ordersshouldbecarriedoutimmediately.( )27.Thephrase“nilperos”isLatinfor“nothingbymouth.”( )28.“Bradycardia”referstoanabnormallyslowheartrate.( )29.A“Foleycatheter”isinsertedtodrainurinefromthebladder.( )30.Theterm“dyspnea”meansdifficultyinswallowing.( )四、简答题（每题5分，共20分）31.Explainthedifferencebetween“sterile”and“clean”techniqueinwoundcare.32.Listfourkeypointsanursemustincludewhenteachingapost-operativepatientaboutdeep-breathingexercises.33.Describethestepsforaccuratemeasurementoforaltemperatureusinganelectronicthermometer.34.Summarizethenurse’sroleinobtaininginformedconsentbeforeasurgicalprocedure.五、讨论题（每题5分，共20分）35.Discusshowlanguagebarrierscanaffectpatientsafetyandproposethreeevidence-basedstrategiestoovercometheminamultilingualward.36.EvaluatetheimpactofEnglishmedicalterminologyoninterprofessionalcommunicationandsuggestwaystoreducemisunderstandingsduringhandoverreports.37.AnalyzetheethicalimplicationsofusingabbreviatedEnglishtermsinpatientrecordswhenEnglishisnotthepatient’sfirstlanguage.38.ExaminetherelationshipbetweenaccurateEnglishdocumentationandlegaldefenseinnursingmalpracticeclaims.答案与解析一、单项选择题1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B二、填空题11.diagnoses 12.BID 13.subcutaneous 14.sphygmomanometer 15.twenty-four 16.hypotension 17.informed 18.red 19.tachycardia 20.sputum三、判断题21.T 22.F 23.T 24.T 25.F 26.T 27.T 28.T 29.T 30.F四、简答题（每题约200字）31.Steriletechniqueeliminatesallmicroorganismsandisusedforinvasiveproceduressuchascatheterinsertionorsurgicalwoundcare;cleantechniquereducespathogennumbersandisusedforroutinecarelikebedbathing.Sterilefields,gloves,andinstrumentsmustremainuncontaminated,whereascleantechniqueallowssanitizedbutnon-sterileitems.32.(1)Situprightandsupportincisionwithapillow.(2)Inhaleslowlythroughthenoseuntilchestexpandsfully.(3)Holdbreathfor2–3seconds.(4)Exhalegentlythroughpursedlipswhilecontractingabdominalmuscles;repeat10timesevery2hourswhileawake.33.Verifythermometerintegrity,applydisposableprobecover,placetipunderthetongueintheposteriorsublingualpocket,askpatienttocloselipswithoutbiting,waitforaudiblebeep,readdisplay,discardcover,documentvalueandroute.34.Thenurseconfirmsthepatientunderstandstheproposedsurgery,verifiesidentity,witnessesthesignature,answersfactualquestions,assessescompetence,andensuresconsentisvoluntary;thenursedoesnotexplainsurgicalrisks—thisisthephysician’sduty.五、讨论题（每题约200字）35.Languagebarriersincreasemisdiagnosis,medicationerrors,andnon-compliance.Strategies:employcertifiedinterpreters,usepictorialaids,andimplementbilingualdischargetemplates.Studiesshowinterpreterusereducesadverseeventsby52%.36.Englishterminologystandardizescarebutcanobscuremeaningfornon-nativestaff.Solutions:adoptSBARformatwithplain-languagesummaries,holdmonthlyterminologyworkshops,andp