2022年四川省达州市华景中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析

2022年四川省达州市华景中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Happybirthday,Alice!Soyouhave______twenty-onealready!A.become

B.turnedC.grown

D.passed参考答案：B试题分析：become最普通用词，作为连系动词，指从一个状态向另一个状态的变化。grow常指逐渐地变成新状态，强调渐变的过程。turn侧重指变得与原来截然不同，有时含贬义。可以用来指颜色或年龄的变化。pass可表示“穿过”或“渡过，也可表示“从……旁边经过”。故选B点评：这几个动词都有变的意思，考查同义词或词形相近的词的辨析是近几年高考的热点，考生应引起足够的重视。即学即练：Astheyearsgoon,we___bothwiserandsadder.A.become

B.turn

C.grow

D.pass解析：C句意：随着岁月的流逝，我们变聪明了，也变得多愁善感了。2.Theresultwasdisappointing－we______havewonthegameeasily.A.will B.should C.can D.must参考答案：B3.Theartshowwas______beingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.A.farfrom

B.alongwithC.nextto

D.regardlessof参考答案：AA[由itwasagreatsuccess可知艺术展不是一次失败。farfrom意为“远非，完全不”；alongwith意为“与……一起”；nextto意为“几乎，差不多，紧临着”；regardlessof意为“不管，不顾”。]4.Mybrotherdoesn'treally___tea,,;helikecoffeebetter.

A.carefor

B

careabout

C

lookfor

D.

lookafter参考答案：A32.ThecostofrentingahouseinBeijingishigherthan______inanyothercityofChina.

A.one

B.it

C.this

D.that

参考答案：D略6.Youshouldtrytorelaxyourself

muchworkyouhavetodo.A.however B.although C.whatever D.evenif参考答案：A【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你有多少工作要做，你都应该尽量放松自己。根据前后文是让步关系，用however，howevermuch无论多少，故选A。7.Greatchanges______inmyschooluptonow.A.tookplace

B.havetakenplace

C.havebeentakenplace

D.wastakenplace参考答案：B略8.Shehas_______agreatdealofmoney,hopingthatshecantravelaroundtheworld.A.puton

B.putup

C.putoff

D.putaway参考答案：D9.Ifeelgreatlyhonoured_____intotheirsociety.

A.tobewelcomed

B.towelcome

C.welcoming

D.welcomed参考答案：A略10.While

inScotland,hemadefriendswiththenativesthere.A.working

B.worked

C.heworks

D.heisworking参考答案：A11.Thereishardevidence________Georgehassomethingtodowiththemurder.

A.which

B.what

C.why

D.that

参考答案：D试题分析：同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark,hope,belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，【答案】【解析】12.You’dbetter

yourscoresandseeifyouhavepassedtheexam.A.addupto

B.addto

C.addup

D.addin参考答案：C13.IsthisthefirsttimethatJack________thiskindoffood?A.enjoys

B.hasenjoyed

C.enjoyed

D.hadenjoyed参考答案：B31.Thoughshewasyoung，she________hermosttime_______thechildreninremoteareas.

A．devotes；toteach

B．devoted；toteach

C．devoted；toteaching

D．isdevoted；toteaching参考答案：C15.Onapeacefulsummerday,hewenttoswiminthesea_____.A.atthefirsttime

B.forthefirsttime

C.thefirsttime

D.inthefirsttime参考答案：B16.Theywerehappywiththeirmarksafterthetest,_____theyexpectedthemtobeabithigher.A.if

B.unless

C.eversince

D.eventhough参考答案：D17.Thereal-namesysteminwhich________trainticketswillbesoldbasedonrealnamesisaimedatfightingticket-scalping(倒票)，whichhaslongbeen________headacheforChinesetravelers.A．不填；不填 B．the；aC．the；不填 D．不填；a参考答案：D解析考查冠词。第一空泛指火车票，不必用the。第二空headache是可数名词，此处须用a表示“一个头疼的问题”，故D项正确。18.BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hisson_____fromcollege.A.graduated

B.hasgraduatedC.hadbeen

D.hadgraduated参考答案：D二、短文改错19.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。At3:42oneofthegreatestearthquakeofthe20thcenturyshookTangshan．Itseemedasiftheworldwasattheend．Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidercutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals．Steamburstsfromholesintheground．Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt．Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruin．Thesufferingofthepeoplewasextremely．Two-thirdsofthemdiedandinjuredduringtheearthquake．Thenumberofpeoplekillingorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000．Aftertheearthquake,everywherethesurvivorslookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed．Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleavesandsandwasnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater．Peoplewereshockingandtheyfelthopeless．参考答案：At3:42oneofthegreatestearthquakeofthe20thcenturyshookTangshan．Itseemedasif

earthquakestheworldwasattheend．Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidercut

an

wideacrosshouses,roadsandcanals．Steamburstsfromholesintheground．Hardhillsofrockbecame

burstriversofdirt．Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruin．Thesufferingofthepeoplewas

ruinsextremely．Two-thirdsofthemdiedand∧injuredduringtheearthquake．Thenumberofpeopleextreme

werekillingorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000．Aftertheearthquake,everywherethesurvivorskilledlookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed．Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleavesandsandwasnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater．Peoplewereshockingandtheyfelthopeless．去掉

shocked本文是一篇记叙文，详细讲述了唐山大地震发生时的具体情形并介绍了这次大地震对人们带来的巨大痛苦。【详解】第一处：考查名词单复数。句意：在3点42分，20世纪最大的地震之一让唐山摇晃了起来。固定短语“oneof+可数名词复数”意为“….之一”，介词of的后面要可数名词复数形式earthquakes，所以要把earthquake改为earthquakes。第二处：考查固定短语。句意：似乎整个世界都结束了。介词短语atanend意为“结束”，所以要把the改为an。第三处：考查形容词。句意：8公里长30米宽的裂缝把房屋道路和水渠割开了。句中形容词原形wide直接用在数词之后，与前半句中的long形成呼应，所以要把wider改为wide。第四处：考查时态。本文是一篇记叙文，介绍唐山大地震的有关情况，全文以一般过去时为主，动词burst的过去式是burst，所以本句要把bursts改为burst。第五处：考查固定短语。句意：在15秒之内，整个城市成为一片废墟。介词短语inruins意为“成为废墟”，所以要把ruin改为ruins。第六处：考查形容词。在英语里副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子；而形容词通常作定语修饰名词代词，本句应该使用形容词与系动词构成系表结构，所以要把副词extremely改为形容词extreme。第七处：考查句子结构。句意：在地震中三分之二的人去世受伤；句中injured意为“受伤的”，要和系动词were连用构成系表结构，所以要加were。第八处：考查过去分词。句意：被杀死或受伤的人的数量超过了40万。句子people与动词kill构成被动关系，要用过去分词killed在句中做定语，所以要把killing改为killed。第九处：考查语态。句意：沙子装满了水井而不是水。句中sand与动词fill构成主动关系，要用主动语态，系动词was是多余的，所以要删除was。第十处：考查形容词。句意：人们很震惊感觉很绝望。形容词shocked意为“震惊的”，通常修饰人或与人有关的事物。而“shocking”意为“令人震惊的”通常修饰事物，所以要把shocking改为shocked。【点睛】本文小题6考查了形容词和副词。形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误用也是常考的改错项目之一。IhadnotinterestinEerest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名词2）ThesearethehappiergirlsI’veeverseen.（NMET2007）此处有I’veeverseen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为happiest.3）Youcanborrowabookveryeasy.

把easy改为easily.应该使用副词修饰形容词easy。20.短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。参考答案：81.anything改为something

82.or改为and

83.bike改为bikes或者在bike前加a

84.I改为you

85.quickly改为quick

86.tiring改为tired

87.went改为go

88.去掉but

89.ride改为riding

90.more改为much或者去掉more三、阅读理解21.SanFranciscohasdecidedthatitscitygovernmentworkerscan'tusecomputerprogramsthatrecognizefaces.ItisthefirstUScitytotakesuchastrongsteptokeepthistechnologyundercontrol.Whenacomputersystemidentifiesapersonfromtheirfaceinapicture，it'scalled“facialrecognition".Manypolicedepartmentsusefacialrecognition.Itcanbehelpfulwhenpolicejusthaveapictureofasuspect（嫌疑犯）.butnootherinformation.Normally，evenwithfacialrecognition，policemusthaveotherproofshowingthatapersonisguilty.Butmanypeoplesayfacialrecognitionprogramsaren'tgoodenoughyet.Theprogramscanusuallyrecognizewhitemen.Butthey'renotsogoodatidentifyingwomenandpeoplewithdarkerskin.Theyworrythat"falsematches"-whenthecomputerthinksithasidentifiedaperson，butit'swrong-willmakeinnocentpeoplelooklikecriminals.ForcompanieslikeAmazonandMicrosoft，facialrecognitionisabigbusiness.AmazonhasworkedhardtoselltheirfacialrecognitionprogramtopolicedepartmentsaroundtheUS.Microsoftsellstoolsthatallowprisonstowatchpeopleinside.Toworkwell，facialrecognitionprogramsmusthaveagreatnumberofpicturesofpeople.Butmostpeoplewhosepicturesareinthesystemsnevergavepermission（许可）fortheirpicturestobeused.Manypeopleworrythatusingcomputerstoidentifyortrackpeoplewilldecreasefreedom.Now，inmanyplaces，facialrecognitionisusedtokeeppeopleundercontrolandmuchofpubliclifeiswatchedonsecuritycameras.Similarly，manycitiesinAmericaandEuropearealsoalmostcompletelycoveredbysecuritycameras.Policeofficersnowoftenwearcamerasontheirbodies，recordingallthetime.It'susuallynotclearwhengovernmentsareusingfacialrecognitionandhowtheyareusingit.FacialrecognitionisalreadybeingusedatairportsthroughoutEuropeandintheUS.TheDepartmentofHomelandSecurityexpectstohavepicturesof97%ofthepeopleflyingoutofthecountryinthenextfouryears.Asthesepowerfulcomputerprogramsbecomemorecommon,SanFrancisco'smovetocontrolfacialrecognitionisanunusualandstrongmovetolimitthewaygovernmentsusecomputerstowatchandcontrolpeople.12.Whydopeopleworryaboutfacialrecognitionprograms?A.Theycannotmultiplypeople'sresponsibility.B.Theycannothelppoliceidentifygoodpeople.C.Theywillmistakeinnocentpeopleforbadpeople.D.Theywillidentifyblackpeopleinsteadofwhitepeople.13.Howcanfacialrecognitionprogramsfunctioneffectively?A.Companiesshouldworkwitheachother.B.Peopleshouldhavemorepicturestaken.C.Theyshouldincludeasmanypicturesaspossible.D.Policedepartmentsandprisonsshouldbeundercontrol.14.Whatmakespeoplefeeltheirfreedomisonthedecrease?A.Therearepoliceeverywhere.B.Alotofsecuritycamerasareused.C.Morepeopleareforcedtostayathome.D.Governmentsfocusmoreonfacialrecognition.15.What'sSanFrancisco'sattitudetowardsgovernmentworkersusingfacialrecognition?A.Disapproving. B.Supportive.C.Doubtful. D.Optimistic.参考答案：12.C

13.C

14.B

15.A这是一篇说明文。当计算机系统根据照片中的人脸来识别一个人时，它被称为“面部识别”。许多警察部门使用面部识别技术。而旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Theyworrythat"falsematches"-whenthecomputerthinksithasidentifiedaperson,butit'swrong-willmakeinnocentpeoplelooklikecriminals.（他们担心“虚假匹配”——当电脑认为它已经识别出一个人，但这是错误的——会让无辜的人看起来像罪犯。）可知人们担心面部识别程序会把无辜的人误认为坏人。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Toworkwell,facialrecognitionprogramsmusthaveagreatnumberofpicturesofpeople.（为了更好地工作，面部识别程序必须有大量的人的照片。）可知面部识别程序应该包括尽可能多的图片来有效运作。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中Manypeopleworrythatusingcomputerstoidentifyortrackpeoplewilldecreasefreedom.Now,inmanyplaces,facialrecognitionisusedtokeeppeopleundercontrolandmuchofpubliclifeiswatchedonsecuritycameras.Similarly,manycitiesinAmericaandEuropearealsoalmostcompletelycoveredbysecuritycameras.（许多人担心使用计算机来识别或跟踪人会减少自由。现在，在许多地方，面部识别被用来控制人们，很多公共生活被监控在安全摄像头上。同样，美国和欧洲的许多城市也几乎完全被监控摄像头覆盖。）可知大量的安全摄像头的使用让人们感到他们的自由在减少。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段SanFranciscohasdecidedthatitscitygovernmentworkerscan'tusecomputerprogramsthatrecognizefaces.（旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序。）以及最后一段中SanFrancisco'smovetocontrolfacialrecognitionisanunusualandstrongmovetolimitthewaygovernmentsusecomputerstowatchandcontrolpeople.（旧金山控制面部识别的举措是一个不同寻常的、强有力的举措，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。）可推知旧金山对使用面部识别的政府工作人员持反对态度。故选A。22.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Earthquakesaresomethingthatpeoplefear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefewornoearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous.ThemosttalkedaboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,theYokohamaareaofJapan.Ahundredandfortythousandpeopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollow