2026新教材人教版九年级上册英语暑假预习：Unit1-Unit5词汇详解

第第页2026新教材人教版九年级上册英语暑假预习：Unit1-Unit5词汇详解Unit1A词汇1.bringabout/brɪŋəˈbaʊt/动词短语带来；引起；促成；致使（重大变化）词形变化：bring→brought→bringing完整释义：引起；导致；带来（变化/结果）固定搭配：bringaboutchanges带来变化；bringaboutdevelopment带来发展课文原句：Whatbringsaboutchanges?翻译：是什么带来了变化？例句：a.TheInternethasbroughtaboutgreatchangesinourlife.b.Technologybringsaboutgreatprogressinsociety.c.Thenewpolicybroughtaboutrapiddevelopment.d.Hardworkbringsaboutgoodresults.2.rough/rʌf/adj.崎岖的；粗糙的；粗鲁的；艰难的；粗略的词性：形容词adj.词形变化：rougher；roughest；roughly（adv.大致；粗略地）完整释义：粗糙的；崎岖的；粗鲁的；艰难的；粗略的固定搭配：roughroad崎岖道路；roughhands粗糙的手；roughweather恶劣天气课文原句：WhenIwasachild,thebustooknearly40minutesoverroughroadstogettoschool.翻译：小时候，公交车在崎岖的路上行驶近40分钟才能到校。例句：a.Theroughroadmadethetripuncomfortable.b.Hishandsareroughfromhardwork.c.Hehadaroughtimelastmonth.d.Theroughseamadetheboatshake.3.becoveredwith动词短语被……覆盖完整释义：被……覆盖（表状态）固定搭配：becoveredwith被覆盖；becoveredby被……覆盖（动作）课文原句：Theyusedtobecoveredwithsand.翻译：它们过去常常被沙子覆盖。例句：a.Thegroundiscoveredwithsnow.b.Thevillagewascoveredwithfogthismorning.c.Afterthesandstorm,fieldswerecoveredwithsand.d.Thetableiscoveredwithacloth.4.sandstorm/ˈsændstɔːm/n.沙尘暴词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：sandstorms（复数）完整释义：沙尘暴固定搭配：asandstorm沙尘暴；fightsandstorms抵御沙尘暴课文原句：Thereusedtobesandstormsallthetime.翻译：过去一直有沙尘暴。例句：a.Sandstormsoftenhappeninspring.b.Astrongsandstormhitthecityyesterday.c.Weplanttreestopreventsandstorms.d.Sandstormsarebadforourhealth.5.farmland/ˈfɑːmlænd/n.农田；耕地词性：名词n.（不可数）完整释义：农田；耕地固定搭配：protectfarmland保护农田课文原句：Thefieldsweregettingsmallerandsmaller.翻译：田地变得越来越小。例句：a.Wemustprotectourfarmland.b.Therichfarmlandgrowsgoodcrops.c.Sandstormsdestroyedmuchfarmland.d.Weneedmorefarmlandtogrowfood.6.shortage/ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/n.短缺；不足；匮乏词性：名词n.词形变化：short（adj.短的；短缺的）完整释义：短缺；缺乏；匮乏固定搭配：ashortageof……短缺；watershortage缺水例句：a.Thereisashortageofcleanwaterhere.b.Manyanimalsdiedfromfoodshortage.c.Thecityfacesaserioushousingshortage.d.Wetriedtosolvethewatershortage.7.lack/læk/v.缺乏；缺少n.缺乏词性：动词v./名词n.完整释义：缺少；缺乏（v.）；缺乏（n.）固定搭配：lacksth缺少某物；lackofsth……的缺乏例句：a.Manyareaslackcleanwater.b.Lackofsleepmakesstudentstired.c.Hedoesn’tlackmoneybutconfidence.d.Shelackscouragetospeakinpublic.8.bush/bʊʃ/n.灌木；灌木丛词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：bushes（复数）完整释义：灌木；灌木丛固定搭配：plantbushes种灌木；hideinthebushes躲在灌木丛课文原句：Wefoundasmallbushwithlongroots.翻译：我们发现一种长根的小灌木。例句：a.Busheshelpkeepthesoil.b.Thecathidinthebushes.c.Weplantedbushesalongtheroad.d.Therearegreenbushesinthepark.9.root/ruːt/n.根；根源v.扎根词性：名词n./动词v.完整释义：根；根部；根源；扎根固定搭配：takeroot生根；therootoftheproblem问题根源课文原句：Ithadlongrootsthatcouldholdthesoiltogether.翻译：它有长根，可以固定土壤。例句：a.Treerootsholdthesoil.b.Wemustfindtherootoftheproblem.c.Thesmalltreetookrootquickly.d.Ourrootsaredeepinthisland.10.soil/sɔɪl/n.土壤；泥土词性：名词n.（不可数）完整释义：土壤；土地固定搭配：protectsoil保护土壤；fertilesoil肥沃土壤课文原句：Ithadlongrootsthatcouldholdthesoiltogether.翻译：它的长根能固定土壤。例句：a.Plantsgrowwellingoodsoil.b.Weneedtoprotectthesoil.c.Thesoilhereisverydry.d.Farmersneedrichsoil.11.sandy/ˈsændi/adj.多沙的；沙质的词性：形容词adj.词形变化：sand（n.沙子）完整释义：多沙的；沙地的固定搭配：sandyarea沙地；sandybeach沙滩课文原句：Webeganplantingitinsandyareas.翻译：我们开始在沙地种植。例句：a.Sandysoilisnotgoodforrice.b.Weplantedtreesinsandyareas.c.Childrenlikeplayingonsandybeaches.d.Theroadissandyafterwind.12.government/ˈɡʌvənmənt/n.政府词性：名词n.词形变化：govern（v.统治；管理）完整释义：政府；当局固定搭配：localgovernment当地政府课文原句：Thegovernmentprovidedsupporttoo.翻译：政府也提供了支持。例句：a.Thegovernmenthelpspoorareas.b.Thegovernmentmadenewlaws.c.Ourgovernmentcaresaboutpeople’slife.d.Thegovernmentsupportsfarmers.13.support/səˈpɔːt/v.支持；赡养n.支持；帮助词性：动词v./名词n.完整释义：支持；拥护；赡养；支撑固定搭配：supportsb支持某人；supportafamily养家课文原句：Thegovernmentprovidedsupporttoo.翻译：政府也提供了支持。例句：a.Myparentssupportmydream.b.Heworkshardtosupporthisfamily.c.Wegetsupportfromteachers.d.Yoursupporthelpsmealot.14.corn/kɔːn/n.玉米；谷物词性：名词n.完整释义：玉米；谷物固定搭配：cornfield玉米地课文原句：Haveyouseenthecornfieldsoutside?翻译：你见过外面的玉米地吗？例句：a.Farmersgrowcorneveryyear.b.Thecornfieldsaregoldeninautumn.c.Cornisaveryimportantcrop.d.Weeatcornasfood.15.high-tech/ˌhaɪˈtek/adj.高科技的词性：形容词adj.完整释义：高科技的固定搭配：high-techfarming高科技农业课文原句：NowIhavelarge,high-techgreenhouses.翻译：现在我有大型高科技温室。例句：a.High-techmachineshelpfarmers.b.High-techfarmingismoreefficient.c.Weusehigh-techproductseveryday.d.Chinadevelopsmanyhigh-techindustries.16.greenhouse/ˈɡriːnhaus/n.温室；暖房词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：greenhouses（复数）完整释义：温室；暖房；温室效应固定搭配：greenhouseeffect温室效应课文原句：NowIhavelarge,high-techgreenhouses.翻译：现在我有大型高科技温室。例句：a.Wegrowvegetablesingreenhouses.b.Thegreenhouseeffectisaglobalproblem.c.Theybuiltnewgreenhouseslastyear.d.Greenhouseskeepplantswarminwinter.17.highway/ˈhaɪweɪ/n.公路；高速公路词性：名词n.完整释义：公路；高速公路固定搭配：onthehighway在高速公路上课文原句：Thenewhighwayhelpedalot.翻译：新公路帮了大忙。例句：a.Thehighwayconnectstwocities.b.Manycarsrunonthehighway.c.Thenewhighwaymakestripsfaster.d.Anewhighwaywillbebuilthere.18.railway/ˈreɪlweɪ/n.铁路；铁道词性：名词n.完整释义：铁路；铁道固定搭配：railwaystation火车站课文原句：Thenewrailwayhelpedalot.翻译：新铁路帮了大忙。例句：a.Therailwayconnectsthetwocities.b.Thenewrailwaychangesourlife.c.Manypeopletravelbyrailway.d.Therailwayrunsthroughmountains.19.attraction/əˈtrækʃn/n.景点；吸引力词性：名词n.词形变化：attract（v.吸引）；attractive（adj.有吸引力的）完整释义：吸引力；景点；吸引人的事物固定搭配：touristattraction旅游景点课文原句：Ourvillagehasbecomeatouristattraction.翻译：我们村成了旅游景点。例句：a.Thelakeisafamousattraction.b.Beijinghasmanytouristattractions.c.Thecity’sattractiondrawsvisitors.d.Theparkisfullofattractions.20.product/ˈprɒdʌkt/n.产品；制品词性：名词n.词形变化：produce（v.生产）；production（n.生产）完整释义：产品；产物；结果固定搭配：farmproduct农产品课文原句：Wesellproductsonline.翻译：我们在网上卖产品。例句：a.Localproductssellwellonline.b.Thecompanysellsmanyproducts.c.Weshouldbuysafeproducts.d.Newproductscomeouteveryyear.21.greatly/ˈɡreɪtli/adv.极大地；非常词性：副词adv.词形变化：great（adj.巨大的）完整释义：极大地；大大地；非常固定搭配：greatlyimprove大大改善课文原句：Havethesechangesgreatlyimprovedyourlives?翻译：这些变化极大改善了你们的生活吗？例句：a.Ourlifehasgreatlychanged.b.Thevillagehasgreatlyimproved.c.Travelgreatlyopensoureyes.d.Hishelpgreatlyinfluencedme.22.socialist/ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/adj.社会主义的词性：形容词adj.词形变化：socialism（n.社会主义）完整释义：社会主义的固定搭配：socialistcountryside社会主义新农村课文原句：Youarebuildinganewsocialistvillage.翻译：你们正在建设社会主义新农村。例句：a.Wearebuildinganewsocialistcountryside.b.Chinaisagreatsocialistcountry.c.Weloveoursocialistcountry.23.e-payment/iːˈpeɪmənt/n.电子支付词性：名词n.完整释义：电子支付固定搭配：usee-payment使用电子支付例句：a.E-paymentispopularinChina.b.Morepeopleusee-paymentforshopping.c.E-paymentmakeslifeconvenient.d.Wecanpaybye-paymenteverywhere.24.housing/ˈhaʊzɪŋ/n.住房；住宅词性：名词n.（不可数）词形变化：house（n.房子）完整释义：住房；住宅；房屋供给固定搭配：housingcondition住房条件例句：a.People’shousingisbetternow.b.Thegovernmentsolveshousingproblems.c.Goodhousingmakeslifecomfortable.d.Housingisimportantforus.25.digital/ˈdɪdʒɪtl/adj.数字的；电子的词性：形容词adj.完整释义：数字的；数码的；电子的固定搭配：digitalbook电子书；digitaltechnology数字技术课文原句：Ireaddigitalbooksonthecomputer.翻译：我在电脑上看电子书。例句：a.Manystudentslikedigitalreading.b.Digitaltechnologychangesourlife.c.Wetakedigitalphotoswithphones.d.Digitalteachingisuseful.26.audio/ˈɔːdiəʊ/adj.音频的；有声的词性：形容词adj.完整释义：音频的；声音的；有声的固定搭配：audiobook有声书课文原句：Mygrandpalistenstoaudiobooks.翻译：我爷爷听有声书。例句：a.Audiobooksaregoodfortheold.b.WelearnEnglishbyaudiomaterials.c.Thisapphasmanyaudiostories.d.Peoplelistentoaudiobooksontheway.27.dirt/dɜːt/n.尘土；污物；泥土词性：名词n.（不可数）词形变化：dirty（adj.脏的）完整释义：尘土；污垢；泥土固定搭配：brushoffdirt扫去灰尘例句：a.Windblowsdirteverywhere.b.Hebrusheddirtoffhisclothes.c.Theroadwasfullofdirtbefore.d.Don’ttoucheyeswithdirtyhands.28.track/træk/n.小路；轨道；轨迹v.追踪词性：名词n./动词v.完整释义：小路；轨道；追踪；跟踪固定搭配：dirttrack泥土路；railwaytrack铁轨课文原句：Mostroadswerejustdirttracks.翻译：以前大多数路只是泥土小道。例句：a.Theywalkedalongamountaintrack.b.Thedirttracksbecamewideroads.c.Thetrainrunsonsteeltracks.d.Policetrackthelostchildren.29.wide/waɪd/adj.宽的；广泛的adv.充分地词性：形容词adj./副词adv.词形变化：wider；widest；width（n.宽度）完整释义：宽的；广泛的；宽阔的固定搭配：wideroad宽阔道路课文原句：Itbuiltmanywideroads.翻译：它修建了许多宽阔的道路。例句：a.Theroadismuchwidernow.b.Theriveris100meterswide.c.Heopenedhiseyeswide.d.Weneedwideandsaferoads.Unit1B词汇30.link/lɪŋk/v.连接；联系n.连接；关系词性：动词v./名词n.完整释义：连接；联系；关联；纽带固定搭配：linkAwithB把A和B连接起来例句：a.Thebridgelinksthevillageandtown.b.Therailwaylinkstwocities.c.TheInternetlinkspeopleworldwide.d.Wekeepalinkbetweenschoolandfamily.31.port/pɔːt/n.港口；码头；口岸词性：名词n.完整释义：港口；码头；口岸固定搭配：mainport主要港口课文原句：MombasaisKenya’smainport.翻译：蒙巴萨是肯尼亚主要港口。例句：a.Shipsstopattheport.b.Shanghaiisabigport.c.Theportisimportantfortrade.d.Anewportwillbebuilt.32.capital/ˈkæpɪtl/n.首都；首府；资本；大写字母词性：名词n.完整释义：首都；首府；资本；大写字母固定搭配：thecapitalof……的首都课文原句：NairobiisKenya’scapital.翻译：内罗毕是肯尼亚首都。例句：a.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.b.ParisisthecapitalofFrance.c.Thecapitalcityisbeautiful.d.Pleasewriteincapitalletters.33.Kenyan/ˈkenjən/n.肯尼亚人adj.肯尼亚的词性：名词n./形容词adj.完整释义：肯尼亚人；肯尼亚的固定搭配：localKenyan当地肯尼亚人课文原句：LocalKenyansbenefitedalot.翻译：当地肯尼亚人获益很多。例句：a.ManyKenyansliveabetterlife.b.LocalKenyansthankChinesehelp.c.TherailwayhelpspoorKenyans.34.benefit/ˈbenɪfɪt/v.获益；有益于n.益处；好处词性：动词v./名词n.词形变化：beneficial（adj.有益的）完整释义：获益；对…有益；好处；福利固定搭配：benefitfrom从……获益；bebeneficialto对……有益课文原句：LocalKenyansbenefitedalotfromtherailway.翻译：肯尼亚当地人从铁路获益很多。例句：a.Webenefitfromgoodeducation.b.Theprojectbenefitsmanypeople.c.Readingisbeneficialtoourmind.d.Freshairbenefitsourhealth.35.behappywith对……满意；高兴词性：短语完整释义：对……满意；满足课文原句：I’mhappywiththenewrailway.翻译：我对新铁路很满意。例句：a.Sheishappywithhernewhouse.b.Villagersarehappywiththechanges.c.Areyouhappywithyourprogress?d.Wearehappywithourlife.36.convenient/kənˈviːniənt/adj.方便的；便捷的词性：形容词adj.词形变化：convenience（n.方便）完整释义：方便的；便利的；省事的固定搭配：Itisconvenienttodo做某事很方便课文原句：Itisveryconvenient.翻译：非常方便。例句：a.Subwaysmakelifeconvenient.b.Itisconvenienttoshoponline.c.Livingnearasupermarketisconvenient.d.Thenewbusstopisconvenient.37.business/ˈbɪznəs/n.生意；商业；公事；事务词性：名词n.词形变化：businessman（n.商人）完整释义：生意；商业；公事；事务固定搭配：dobusiness做生意；onbusiness出差课文原句：Makebusinessdealswithease.翻译：轻松做生意。例句：a.Goodtraffichelpspeopledobusiness.b.HewenttoBeijingonbusiness.c.Smallbusinessesareimportant.d.Theydobusinesseasilynow.38.ease/iːz/n.轻松；容易；舒适v.缓解；减轻词性：名词n./动词v.词形变化：easy（adj.）；easily（adv.）完整释义：轻松；容易；舒适；缓解；减轻固定搭配：withease轻松地；easepain止痛课文原句：Makebusinessdealswithease.翻译：轻松达成交易。例句：a.Hefinishedtheworkwithease.b.Shepassedtheexamwithease.c.Themedicinecaneasepain.d.Welivewitheaseandhappiness.39.worry/ˈwʌri/v.担心；担忧n.烦恼；忧虑词性：动词v./名词n.词形变化：worried（adj.担心的）完整释义：担心；担忧；烦恼；焦虑固定搭配：worryabout担心；beworriedabout担忧例句：a.Don’tworryaboutme.b.Sheisworriedabouthergrandma.c.Toomuchworryisbadforhealth.d.Wehavenothingtoworryabout.40.lorry/ˈlɒri/n.卡车；货车词性：名词n.（可数）完整释义：卡车；货车（英式）固定搭配：bylorry乘货车课文原句：Foodusedtotakehundredsoflorries.翻译：以前运送食物需要几百辆卡车。例句：a.Thelorrycarriesvegetableseveryday.b.Theysentgoodsbylorry.c.Abiglorrystoppedjustnow.d.Lorriescarrydailysupplies.41.manager/ˈmænɪdʒə(r)/n.经理；管理者词性：名词n.词形变化：manage（v.管理；设法做到）完整释义：经理；管理者；经营者固定搭配：supermarketmanager超市经理课文原句：Asupermarketmanagersaid.翻译：一位超市经理说。例句：a.Themanageriskindtoworkers.b.Hehasbeenamanagerfor10years.c.Themanagerasksustoworkhard.d.Shewantstobeamanager.42.conclusion/kənˈkluːʒn/n.结论；总结词性：名词n.词形变化：conclude（v.总结；断定）完整释义：结论；总结；结束固定搭配：inconclusion总之；drawaconclusion得出结论例句：a.Inconclusion,wemustprotectnature.b.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthestory.c.Pleasewriteaconclusion.d.Theconclusionisveryimportant.43.narrow/ˈnærəʊ/adj.狭窄的；有限的v.变窄；缩小词性：形容词adj./动词v.完整释义：狭窄的；有限的；缩小；收窄固定搭配：narrowroad狭窄道路；narrowthegap缩小差距例句：a.Theoldroadisnarrow.b.Theywalkedalonganarrowpath.c.Weshouldnarrowthegap.d.Theriverbecomesnarrowhere.44.villager/ˈvɪlɪdʒə(r)/n.村民词性：名词n.词形变化：village（n.村庄）；villagers（复数）完整释义：村民；乡下人固定搭配：localvillager当地村民课文原句：Areporterinterviewedtwovillagers.翻译：记者采访了两位村民。例句：a.Villagersliveahappylife.b.Villagerslovetheirhometown.c.Manyvillagersmovedtocities.d.Villagershelpeachother.45.theOlympics奥林匹克运动会词性：专有名词词形变化：Olympic（adj.奥林匹克的）完整释义：奥运会；奥林匹克运动会固定搭配：theOlympicGames奥运会例句：a.TheOlympicsareheldevery4years.b.Beijingheldthe2008Olympics.c.PlayersdreamoftheOlympics.d.TheOlympicsbringnationstogether.46.lead/liːd/v.带领；领导；致使；过（生活）词性：动词v.词形变化：led（过去式/过去分词）；leader（n.领导）完整释义：带领；领导；导致；过（…生活）固定搭配：leadto导致；leada…life过……生活例句：a.Hardworkleadstosuccess.b.Carelessnessleadstofailure.c.Weleadahappylifenow.d.Theroadleadstothemountain.47.man-made/ˌmænˈmeɪd/adj.人造的；人工的词性：形容词adj.完整释义：人造的；人工的；人为的固定搭配：man-madeforest人工林课文原句：Theworld’sbiggestman-madeforest.翻译：世界最大的人工林。例句：a.Saihanbaisaman-madeforest.b.Itisagreatman-madewonder.c.Theman-madelakeisbeautiful.d.Thisisaman-madesatellite.48.miracle/ˈmɪrəkl/n.奇迹；奇事词性：名词n.词形变化：miraculous（adj.奇迹般的）完整释义：奇迹；奇观；惊人的事固定搭配：workmiracle创造奇迹课文原句：Saihanbaisknownas“thegreenmiracle”.翻译：塞罕坝被誉为“绿色奇迹”。例句：a.Thegreatchangeisamiracle.b.Peoplecallitagreenmiracle.c.Wecancreatemiracles.d.Itisamiraclethathesurvived.49.junior/ˈdʒuːniə(r)/adj.初级的；低年级的词性：形容词adj.完整释义：初级的；低年级的；年少的固定搭配：juniorhighschool初中课文原句：Myjuniorhighschoolisfarfromhome.翻译：我的初中离家很远。例句：a.Sheisajuniorhighstudent.b.Istudiedhardinjuniorhigh.c.Juniorstudentsneedgoodhabits.d.Hejoinedthejuniorbasketballteam.50.flat/flæt/n.公寓；套房adj.平坦的；扁平的词性：名词n./形容词adj.完整释义：公寓（英式）；平坦的；扁平的固定搭配：liveinaflat住公寓课文原句：Myfamilyusedtoliveinasmallflat.翻译：我们家以前住在小公寓里。例句：a.Weliveinanewflatnow.b.Peopleincitiesliveinflats.c.Theyliveinasmallflat.d.Theroadisflatandwide.51.discussion/dɪˈskʌʃn/n.讨论；商讨词性：名词n.词形变化：discuss（v.讨论）完整释义：讨论；议论；商讨固定搭配：haveadiscussion进行讨论课文原句：Weoftenattendgroupdiscussions.翻译：我们经常参加小组讨论。例句：a.Wehaveadiscussionafterclass.b.Let’shaveadiscussionabouttheplan.c.Groupdiscussionshelpuslearn.d.Theydiscusshowtoprotecttheearth.52.aspect/ˈæspekt/n.方面；层面词性：名词n.完整释义：方面；层面；外观固定搭配：inmanyaspects在许多方面例句：a.Changesinfluencelifeinmanyaspects.b.Thinkabouteveryaspectbeforedeciding.c.Theplancoversallaspects.d.Weloveourtownineveryaspect.53.Mombasa/mɒmˈbæsə/n.蒙巴萨（港口）词性：专有名词完整释义：蒙巴萨（肯尼亚港市）课文原句：MombasaisKenya’smainport.翻译：蒙巴萨是肯尼亚主要港口。例句：a.Mombasaisanimportantport.b.TherailwayconnectsMombasaandNairobi.c.Mombasaplaysakeyroleintrade.人教版九年级上册Unit2A词汇1.inspiring/ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/adj.鼓舞人心的；激励的；有启发性的词性：形容词adj.词形变化：inspire（v.激励；赋予灵感）；inspiration（n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人/事）；inspired（adj.受鼓舞的；有灵感的）完整释义拓展：adj.鼓舞人心的；催人奋进的；富有启发性的固定搭配：aninspiringspeech/story鼓舞人心的演讲/故事；inspiringnews振奋人心的消息易混辨析：inspiring（主语多为事物，令人鼓舞的）；inspired（主语多为人，感到受鼓舞的）课文原句：Whoinspiresyou?翻译：谁激励着你？例句：a.Thespeechisveryinspiring.b.Thisisaninspiringstoryaboutagreatscientist.c.Theinspiringmoviemadeallofusfullofhope.d.Hisinspiringwordsencouragedmetokeeptrying.2.admire/ədˈmaɪə(r)/v.钦佩；赞赏；仰慕词性：动词v.词形变化：admired（过去式/过去分词）；admiration（n.钦佩；赞赏）；admirable（adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞美的）完整释义拓展：v.钦佩；仰慕；欣赏（风景、才华）固定搭配：admiresb.forsth.因某事钦佩某人；lookuptosb.仰慕/钦佩某人；admiretheview欣赏景色课文原句：Whoisthepersonyouadmirethemost?翻译：你最钦佩的人是谁？例句：a.IadmireYuanLongpingverymuch.b.Wealladmirehiscourageandkindness.c.Ireallyadmirehimforhishardworkandsuccess.d.Manystudentsadmiretheherofromthebottomoftheirhearts.3.historian/hɪˈstɔːriən/n.历史学家词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：history（n.历史；历史学）；historical（adj.历史的）；historic（adj.有历史意义的）完整释义拓展：n.历史学家；史学研究者固定搭配：afamoushistorian著名历史学家；aprofessionalhistorian专业史学研究者易混辨析：historical与历史相关的；historic具有重大历史意义的课文原句：翻译：例句：a.ThehistorianwroteabookaboutancientChina.b.Thehistorianspentmanyyearsstudyingoldstories.c.Myunclewantstobeahistorianinthefuture.d.ThebookwaswrittenbyagreatChinesehistorian.4.researcher/rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/n.研究人员；研究者词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：research（v./n.研究；调研）；research-based（adj.以研究为基础的）完整释义拓展：n.研究员；科研人员；调查者固定搭配：doresearch做研究；doresearchonsth.对……进行研究；amedicalresearcher医学研究者；carryoutresearch开展研究课文原句：YuanLongpingalsotrainedmanypeopletodoresearchonfarming.翻译：袁隆平还培养了许多人从事农业研究。例句：a.Theresearcherfoundanewplantspecies.b.Heworksasaresearcherinabiglab.c.Theresearchersaretryingtofindanewway.d.Shewantstobearesearcherandhelpmorepeople.5.chemist/ˈkemɪst/n.化学家词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：chemistry（n.化学）；chemical（adj.化学的n.化学制品）完整释义拓展：n.化学家；（英式）药剂师，药店店主固定搭配：afamouschemist著名化学家；achemist’sshop（英）药店课文原句：MarieCurie,agreatscientist.Shemademanyimportantdiscoveriesinphysicsandchemistry.翻译：居里夫人是一位伟大的科学家，她在物理和化学领域做出了许多重要发现。例句：a.ThechemistwontheNobelPrize.b.Shewantstobeachemistwhenshegrowsup.c.Myauntisachemistandworksinauniversity.d.Thechemistdidlotsofusefulexperiments.6.physicist/ˈfɪzɪsɪst/n.物理学家词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：physics（n.物理；物理学）；physical（adj.物理的；身体的）；physician（n.内科医生）完整释义拓展：n.物理学家；物理学者固定搭配：agreatphysicist伟大的物理学家；anuclearphysicist核物理学家易混辨析：physicist物理学家；physician内科医生；surgeon外科医生课文原句：MichaelFaradaydidscientificresearchinphysicsandchemistry.翻译：法拉第在物理和化学领域进行了科学研究。例句：a.Newtonisafamousphysicist.b.Heisaworld-famousphysicist.c.Thephysicistchangedthewayweseetheworld.d.Iwanttolearnphysicsandbecomeaphysicist.7.hunger/hʌŋɡə(r)/n.饥饿；渴望词性：名词n.（不可数）；v.渴望词形变化：hungry（adj.饥饿的）完整释义拓展：n.饥饿；渴求v.渴望，渴求固定搭配：reducehunger减少饥饿；dieofhunger死于饥饿；hungerforsth.渴望某物课文原句：developanewkindofriceandhelpreducehunger翻译：培育新型水稻，帮助减少饥饿例句：a.Thenewricehelpsmanypeoplefighthunger.b.Thepoorchilddiedofhungermanyyearsago.c.Weshouldtryourbesttostophungerintheworld.d.Hehasastronghungerforknowledge.8.chemistry/ˈkemɪstri/n.化学（学科）词性：名词n.（不可数）词形变化：chemist（n.化学家）；chemical（adj.化学的n.化学品）完整释义拓展：n.化学；化学物质固定搭配：learnchemistry学化学；achemistryteacher化学老师课文原句：MarieCuriemademanyimportantdiscoveriesinphysicsandchemistry.翻译：居里夫人在物理和化学领域做出了许多重要发现。例句：a.Myfavouritesubjectischemistry.b.Sheisgoodatchemistryandmaths.c.Chemistryisdifficultbutveryinteresting.d.Hedecidedtostudychemistryatuniversity.9.dropout(ofsth)动词短语辍学；退出词性：动词短语词形变化：drop→dropped（过去式/过去分词）→dropping（现在分词）完整释义拓展：退出（活动、组织、比赛）；辍学固定搭配：dropoutofschool辍学；dropoutoftherace/competition退出比赛课文原句：MichaelFaradaydroppedoutofschoolatanearlyage.翻译：法拉第早年就辍学了。例句：a.Hedroppedoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty.b.Hedroppedoutofcollegetohelphisfamily.c.Shedidn’tdropoutofschool;shestudiedhardinstead.d.Theboyhadtodropoutofschoolbecauseofillness.10.calendar/ˈkælɪndə(r)/n.日历；历法词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：calendars（复数）完整释义拓展：n.日历；月历；历法固定搭配：theChinesecalendar中国历法；awallcalendar挂历；lunarcalendar阴历课文原句：HealsoplayedabigpartinreviewingtheChinesecalendaratthattime.翻译：他还在当时修订中国历法中发挥了重要作用。例句：a.Thecalendarshowstoday’sdate.b.HehelpedreviewandimprovetheChinesecalendar.c.Theoldcalendarisverydifferentfromtoday’s.d.Wecanknowimportantdaysfromthecalendar.11.discovery/dɪˈskʌvəri/n.发现；被发现的事物词性：名词n.（可数/不可数）词形变化：discover（v.发现）；discoveries（复数）完整释义拓展：n.发现；发觉；新发现的事物固定搭配：makeadiscovery做出发现；animportantdiscovery重要发现；scientificdiscovery科学发现课文原句：Shemademanyimportantdiscoveriesinphysicsandchemistry.翻译：她在物理和化学领域做出了许多重要发现。例句：a.Thediscoveryofnewmedicinesavedmanylives.b.Thediscoveryofelectricitychangedtheworld.c.Theymadeagreatdiscoveryinsciencelastyear.d.Thenewdiscoverysurprisedallthepeople.12.century/ˈsentʃəri/n.世纪；百年词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：centuries（复数）完整释义拓展：n.世纪；一百年固定搭配：the20thcentury20世纪；inthepastcentury在过去一个世纪；centuriesago数百年前课文原句：Hewasanimportantengineerinthe19thcentury.翻译：他是19世纪一位重要的工程师。例句：a.Thebuildingwasbuiltinthe19thcentury.b.Thishappenedinthe19thcentury.c.Greatchangestookplaceinthepastcentury.d.Helivedinthecenturybeforelast.13.wounded/ˈwuːndɪd/adj.受伤的；负伤的词性：形容词adj.词形变化：wound（n.伤口v.使受伤）完整释义拓展：adj.（战斗、事故中）受伤的n.伤员（thewounded表复数概念）固定搭配：woundedsoldiers受伤的士兵；thewounded全体伤员课文原句：FlorenceNightingalehelpedthewoundedsoldiersalot.翻译：弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔帮助了很多受伤的士兵。例句：a.Thenursetookgoodcareofthewoundedsoldiers.b.Thewoundedsoldiersweresenttothehospitalquickly.c.Shetriedherbesttohelpthewoundedpeople.d.Thedoctorsavedmanywoundedlivesinthewar.14.soldier/ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/n.士兵；军人词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：soldiers（复数）完整释义拓展：n.士兵；战士；军人固定搭配：abravesoldier勇敢的士兵；woundedsoldiers受伤的士兵；anarmysoldier陆军士兵课文原句：FlorenceNightingalehelpedthewoundedsoldiersalot.翻译：弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔帮助了很多受伤的士兵。例句：a.Manysoldiersfoughtbravelyinthewar.b.Thesoldierswerepraisedfortheircourage.c.Hewantstobeasoldierandprotectourcountry.d.Thesoldiershelpedpeopleoutofdanger.15.British/ˈbrɪtɪʃ/adj.英国的；英国人的n.英国人词性：形容词adj./名词n.词形变化：Britain（n.英国）完整释义拓展：adj.英国的；大不列颠的n.英国人（总称）固定搭配：Britishpeople英国人；Britishgovernment英国政府；Britishculture英国文化课文原句：HebuiltthefirstBritishrailways.翻译：他修建了英国第一条铁路。例句：a.HeisaBritishengineer.b.HeworksforaBritishcompanyinBeijing.c.TheBritishwriterwrotemanygreatstories.d.ShehasafewBritishfriendsinherschool.16.airway/ˈeəweɪ/n.航线；航路词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：airways（复数）完整释义拓展：n.航空线；空中航道；气道固定搭配：internationalairways国际航线；domesticairways国内航线课文原句：翻译：例句：a.Thenewairwayconnectsthetwocities.b.Moreinternationalairwaysareopennow.c.Theairwaymakesthetripmuchfasterandeasier.17.nation/ˈneɪʃn/n.国家；民族词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：national（adj.国家的；民族的）；nationality（n.国籍）完整释义拓展：n.国家；民族；国民固定搭配：amodernnation现代化国家；thewholenation全国人民；onenation一个民族课文原句：AllthesehelpedtheUKdevelopintoamodernnation.翻译：所有这些都帮助英国发展成为一个现代化国家。例句：a.Thewholenationcelebratedthevictory.b.Chinaisagreatnationwithalonghistory.c.Thewholenationwasfullofjoyandhope.d.Weloveournationandourpeople.18.spread/spred/v.传播；扩散；蔓延n.传播词性：动词v./名词n.词形变化：spread（过去式/过去分词）；spreading（现在分词）完整释义拓展：v.传播；扩散；铺开；流传n.传播；蔓延固定搭配：spreaddiseases传播疾病；spreadthenews传播消息；thespreadof……的传播课文原句：Weshoulddosomethingtostopthespreadofdiseases.翻译：我们应该做些事情来阻止疾病的传播。例句：a.Thevirusspreadquicklyinthearea.b.Thediseasespreadtomanycountrieslastyear.c.Wemuststopthespreadofthebadnews.d.Thefirespreadfastbecauseofthestrongwind.19.disease/dɪˈziːz/n.疾病词性：名词n.（可数/不可数）词形变化：diseased（adj.患病的；病态的）完整释义拓展：n.疾病；弊病固定搭配：preventdiseases预防疾病；infectiousdiseases传染病；fightagainstdisease对抗疾病课文原句：Weshoulddosomethingtostopthespreadofdiseases.翻译：我们应该做些事情来阻止疾病的传播。例句：a.Cleanwaterhelpspreventdiseases.b.Thediseasespreadquicklyinthesmalltown.c.Weshouldlearntokeepawayfromdiseases.d.Thedoctorfoundanewwaytofightthedisease.20.pioneer/ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n.先驱；先锋；开拓者词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：pioneering（adj.开创性的；先驱的）完整释义拓展：n.先驱；开拓者；带头人v.开创；倡导固定搭配：apioneerof……的先驱；pioneerwork开创性工作课文原句：Hewasapioneerofcomputerscience.翻译：他是计算机科学的先驱。例句：a.AlanTuringisapioneerofcomputerscience.b.HeisapioneerinthefieldofAI.c.YuanLongpingisapioneerofhybridrice.d.Thepioneerdidmanydifficultjobsforus.21.admirable/ˈædmərəbl/adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞赏的词性：形容词adj.词形变化：admire（v.钦佩）；admiration（n.钦佩）；admirably（adv.令人钦佩地）完整释义拓展：adj.令人敬佩的；出色的固定搭配：anadmirableperson令人钦佩的人；admirablequalities优秀的品质课文原句：Hishardworkandkindheartarereallyadmirable.翻译：他的努力和善良的心真的令人钦佩。例句：a.Hercourageisveryadmirable.b.Itisadmirableofhertohelpthepoor.c.Hishardworkandkindnessarereallyadmirable.d.Wealllikeherbecauseshehasmanyadmirablequalities.22.pyramid/ˈpɪrəmɪd/n.金字塔；棱锥体词性：名词n.（可数）词形变化：pyramids（复数）完整释义拓展：n.金字塔；角锥体固定搭配：theGreatPyramid大金字塔；theglasspyramid玻璃金字塔课文原句：DidhedesigntheglasspyramidattheLouvreMuseum?翻译：他设计了卢浮宫的玻璃金字塔吗？例句：a.ThepyramidsarefamousinEgypt.b.ThePyramidsinEgyptaregreatwondersoftheworld.c.Manyvisitorscometoseetheglasspyramideveryyear.23.balance/ˈbæləns/n.平衡v.使平衡；权衡词性：名词n./动词v.词形变化：balanced（adj.平衡的；均衡的）完整释义拓展：n.平衡；均衡；余额v.平衡；权衡；结算固定搭配：keepbalance保持平衡；createabalancebetweenAandB在A和B间创造平衡；balanceAandB平衡A与B；abalanceddiet均衡饮食课文原句：HecreatedabeautifulbalancebetweentheEastandtheWest.翻译：他在东西方之间创造了一种完美的平衡。例句：a.It’simportanttobalanceworkandlife.b.Hetriedtokeephisbalanceontheice.c.Weshouldlearntobalancestudyandrest.d.Abalanceddietisveryimportantforourhealth.24.courage/ˈkʌrɪdʒ/n.勇气；勇敢词性：名词n.（不可数）词形变化：courageous（adj.勇敢的）；encourage（v.鼓励）完整释义拓展：n.勇气；胆量固定搭配：havethecouragetodosth.有勇气做某事；befullofcourage充满勇气；losecourage失去勇气课文原句：Sheisfullofcourageandwisdom.翻译：她充满勇气和智慧。例句：a.Ittakescouragetofacedifficulties.b.Sheshowedgreatcourageinthefaceofdanger.c.Hedidn’thavethecouragetotellthetruth.d.Weneedcouragetoachieveourdreams.25.wisdom/ˈwɪzdəm/n.智慧；学问词性：名词n.（不可数）词形变化：wise（adj.明智的）；wisely（adv.明智地）完整释义拓展：n.智慧；才智；学识固定搭配：fullofwisdom充满智慧；thewisdomof……的智慧；ancientwisdom古人的智慧课文原句：Sheisfullofcourageandwisdom.翻译：她充满勇气和智慧。例句：a.Theoldmansharedhiswisdomwithus.b.Heisknownforhiswisdomandkindness.c.Wecanlearnmuchwisdomfromoldstories.d.Herwordsarefullofexperienceandwisdom.26.lookuptosb动词短语钦佩；仰慕某人词性：动词短语完整释义拓展：敬仰；敬重固定搭配：lookuptosb.钦佩某人；lookdownonsb.轻视某人（反义短语）课文原句：Whodoyoulookupto?翻译：你仰慕谁？例句：a.Ilookuptomyteacherverymuch.b.Studentslookuptotheirheroesandstars.c.Ireallylookuptothosewhohelpothers.d.Weshouldlookuptopeoplewithgoodqualities.27.inspiration/ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人/事物词性：名词n.（可数/不可数）词形变化：inspire（v.激励）；inspiring（adj.鼓舞人心的）完整释义拓展：n.灵感；启发；励志人物/事物固定搭配：asourceofinspiration灵感来源；givesb.inspiration给某人灵感课文原句：Mybiggestinspirationisnotafamousperson.翻译：我最大的鼓舞并非来自名人。例句：a.Thebeautifulsightsgavehiminspiration.b.Herstoryisaninspirationtomanyyoungpeople.c.Natureisalwaysthebestinspirationforartists.d.Theteac