某省市设计阿富汗某省市的战略发展框架SASAKI

阿富汗某省市的战略发展框架StrategicDevelopmentFrameworksforFiveCitiesinAfghanistan对战略性和可实施的催化性项目和政策框架的基础上，对阿某省市未来的大胆而全面的构想AboldandholisticvisionforAfghanistan’surbanfuture,groundedinastrategicandimplementableframeworkofcatalyticprojectsandpolicies业主CLIENT：世界银行，阿某省市发展和土地部（MUDL）WorldBank,AfghanistanMinistryofUrbanDevelopmentandLand(MUDL)位置LOCATION：赫拉特，贾拉拉巴德，坎大哈，霍斯特和阿富汗Herat,Jalalabad,Kandahar,Khost,andMazar,Afghanistan专业领域SERVICES：规某省市设计PlanningandUrbanDesign现况STATUS：2020年6月完pletedJune2020几个世纪以来，阿某省市一直是国际贸化的枢纽。如今，在三十年的动荡之中，该国正在努力利用经济和文化资产来创造繁某省市，并满足该国不断增某省市人口的基本需求。Forcenturies,Afghancitieswerehubsofinternationalmerceandculture.Today,amidstthreedecadesofinstability,thecountryisstrugglingtoleverageeconomicandculturalassetstocreateprosperouscitiesandmeetthebasicneedsofthecountry’sgrowingurbanpopulation.Sasaki与总统阿什拉夫·加尼（AshrafGhani某省市发展与土地部紧密合作，致力于制定一个大胆的愿景，以指导阿富汗五个某省市中的战略发展：赫拉特，贾拉拉巴德，坎大哈，霍斯特和沙里夫。这些愿景将使地方政府能够在面向未来的同时，应对阿富汗某省市面临的紧迫挑战：非正式和可负担住房，文化遗产的保护，水资源的保护以及发展弹性基础设施以减轻环境危害。战略发展框架本身作为规划和政策文件，阐明了明确的愿景，并为未来在某省市的投资制定了路线图。WorkingcloselywithPresidentAshrafGhaniandtheMinistryofUrbanDevelopmentandLand,SasakiworkedtodevelopaboldvisiontoguidestrategicdevelopmentinfiveofAfghanistan’slargestcities:Herat,Jalalabad,Kandahar,Khost,andMazar-e-Sharif.ThesevisionswillenablelocalgovernmentstobuildtowardsthefuturewhileaddressingtheimmediatechallengesthateachAfghancityfaces:informalityandaffordablehousing,thepreservationofculturalheritage,protectionofwaterresources,andthedevelopmentofresilientinfrastructuretomitigateenvironmentalhazards.TheStrategicDevelopmentFrameworksthemselves,asplanningandpolicydocuments,articulateaclearvisionandestablisharoadmapforfutureinvestmentineachcity.Together,theydefineacohesiveapproachtourbanplanningatthenationalscalewhilebuildingmanagementcapacityatthelocallevel.前所未有的地方参与努力确保了公平的计划流程，整合了现有举措和众多利益相关者的观点Anunprecedentedlocalengagementeffortensuredanequitableplanningprocess,integratingexistinginitiativesaswellasviewsraisedbyawiderangeofstakeholders与社区焦点小组进行的一系列咨询研讨会补充了某省市的800多项家庭调查Aseriesofconsultationworkshopswithmunityfocusgroupsplementedmorethan800householdsurveysineachcity包容性的国家和地方政策AnInclusiveApproachtoNationalandLocalPolicy跨部门分散和地方一级缺乏能力是展中国家面临的挑战。在阿富汗，自卫队旨在支持更大的努力来建立某省市的管理能力，并围绕一个具有凝聚力的总体愿景团结各部委。在最高政府机构中，佐佐木幸幸能够与总统阿什拉夫·加尼（AshrafGhani）某省市发展与土地部，地方治理独立局，商业和工业部，农业，灌溉部的领导紧密合作。和生计。这些领导人中的每一个都强调了让地方政府和民间社会领导人参与的包容性方法的重要性，并反映了最脆弱的阿富汗人的经验和需求。Fragmentationacrosssectorsandalackofcapacityatthelocallevelisachallengefacedbymanydevelopingcountries.InAfghanistan,theSDFswereintendedtosupportamuchlargerefforttobuildthemanagementcapacityofindividualcitiesandtounitedifferentministriesaroundacohesiveoverarchingvision.Atthehighestlevelsofgovernment,SasakiwasfortunateenoughtoworkcloselywithPresidentAshrafGhaniandtheleadershipoftheMinistryofUrbanDevelopmentandLand,theIndependentDirectorateofLocalGovernance,theMinistryofmerceandIndustry,theMinistryofAgriculture,Irrigation,andLivelihoods.Eachoftheseleadersemphasizedtheimportanceofaninclusiveapproachthatengagedlocalgovernmentandcivilsocietyleaders,andreflectedtheexperiencesandneedsofthemostvulnerableAfghans.Sasakiworkedcloselywithateamoflocalplanninganddevelopmentconsultantstodevelopaprehensiveoutreachandengagementprocess,withanemphasisonwomen,IDPs,andyouth:4,000多项家庭调查Over4,000HouseholdSurveys超过250项关键信息访问Over250KeyInformantInterviews超过40个焦点小组讨论Over40FocusGroupDiscussions在某省市还与主要利益相关者和实施合作伙伴举行了利益相关者研讨会。每个研讨会的第一部分着重于通过SWOT会议以及确定主要驱动因素和关键主题来获取某省市的信息。然后要求利益相关者确定目标，行动和实施的潜在承诺的优先级。在每个讲习班结束时，举行了一次公开演讲和远景会议，其中包括更多的社区领导人和民间社会利益相关者。Astakeholderworkshopwasalsoheldineachcitywithkeystakeholdersandimplementationpartners.ThefirstponentofeachworkshopfocusedonelicitinginformationaboutthecitiesthroughaSWOTsessionandtheidentificationofkeydriversandcriticalthemes.Stakeholderswerethenaskedtoprioritizegoals,actions,andpotentialmitmentsforimplementation.Attheconclusionofeachworkshop,anopenhousepresentationandvisioningsessionwasheld,toincludealargergroupofmunityleadersandcivilsocietystakeholders.关键主题根据某省市的未来愿景的关键组成部分组织战略发展框架CriticalThemesorganizestrategicdevelopmentframeworksalongkeyponentsofafuturevisionforeachcity以实施为导向的框架将关键主题与可行的战略目标和推动性项目联系在一起Animplementationdrivenframeworktiescriticalthemestoactionablestrategicobjectivesandcatalyticprojects弹性和公某省市增长策略ResilientandEquitableStrategiesforUrbanGrowth赫拉特，贾拉拉巴德，坎大哈，霍斯特和是阿富汗各自地区的政治，经济和文化枢纽。《战略发展框架》跨部门和跨部门；它们某省市政界限，并考虑到了阿富汗阿富汗城乡统筹中某省市运作方式的复杂现实。每个SDF被组织为五个主题领域，强调需要跨部门合作，同时确定具体实施者。Herat,Jalalabad,Kandahar,Khost,andMazararepolitical,economicandculturalhubsfortheirrespectiveregionswithinAfghanistan.TheStrategicDevelopmentFrameworkscrossscalesandsectors;theylookbeyondmunicipalboundariesandtakeintoaccounttheplexrealitiesofhoweachcityfunctionswithinAfghanistan’surban-ruralcontinuum.EachSDFwasorganizedintofivethematicareas,highlightingtheneedtoforcross-sectoralcooperationwhileidentifyingspecificactorsforimplementation.主题某省市增长与发展解决了阿某省市经历的人口快速增长的问题，并为某省市制定了可持续战略，以在未来20年内吸收这些新人口Theme1:UrbanGrowthandDevelopment

addressedtherapidpopulationgrowthexperiencedbyAfghancitiesandarticulatedasustainablestrategyforeachcitytoabsorbthisnewpopulationoverthenext20years主题2：复原力社区

开发了应对阿某省市面临的最紧迫挑战的方法，从基本基础设施到妇女权利Theme2:Resilientmunities

developedapproachestothemostpressingchallengesfacedbyAfghanistan’scities,frombasicinfrastructuretowomen’srights主题3：遗产和文化景观力图保护和利用某省市的大量自然和建筑遗产Theme3:HeritageandCulturalLandscapes

soughttoprotectandleveragetheconsiderablenaturalandbuiltheritageineachcity主题4：生计和农业经济确定了某省市的竞争优势，制定了加强经济价值链的战略，并构想了某省市作为国际贸资的门户。Theme4:LivelihoodsandtheAgriculturalEconomy

identifiedthepetitiveadvantagesofeachcity,developedstrategiestostrengtheneconomicvaluechains,andenvisionedeachcityasagatewayforinternationaltradeandinvestment.主题5：包容性计划和治理

重点是在地方和国家两级加强机构能力的政策和倡议Theme5:InclusivePlanningandGovernance

focusedonpoliciesandinitiativestostrengtheninstitutionalcapacityatthelocalandnationallevels对遗产区域进行严格的制图，可以保护和整合某省市具有文化意义的遗址Rigorousmappingofheritageareasallowedforthepreservationandintegrationofsitesofculturalsignificanceineachcity阿某省市以历史悠久的核心地区为特征Afghancitiesarecharacterizedbydensehistoriccoreareas赫拉特老城再生策略HeratOldCityregenerationstrategies赫拉特旧城的战略干预措施改善了居民的生活质量并促进了节约型经济StrategicinterventionsintheOldCityofHeratimprovesqualityoflifeforresidentsandfostersaconservationeconomy重新定义Herat的增长轨迹以进行结构化扩张RedefiningthegrowthtrajectoryofHeratforstructuredexpansion

邻里升级和结构化扩了（Musallah）建筑群和宣礼塔等重要遗产NeighborhoodupgradeandstructuredexpansionprotectskeyheritagesitesliketheMusallahplexandminarets通过社区综合设施和增加的社会住房升级社区Neighborhoodupgradewithintegratedmunityfacilitiesandincrementalsocialhousing景观和生态分析根据环境和农业意义建立了重点保护区Landscapeandecologyanalysisestablishedkeyconservationareasbasedonenvironmentalandagriculturalsignificance开发了一套算法来某省市扩展方案，以适应预期的人口增长，同时保护关键的开放空间系统Asetofalgorithmsweredevelopedtosimulateurbanexpansionscenariosthatcouldamodateprojectedpopulationgrowthwhileprotectingcriticalopenspacesystems由此产生的发展框架可确保为某省市的发展采取平衡的方法，在某省市和农村生计的基础设施，交通和社区服务方面建立一系列资本投资（此处为贾拉拉巴德）Aresultingdevelopmentframeworkensuresabalancedapproachforthegrowthofeachcity,settinguparangeofcapitalinvestmentsininfrastructure,mobility,andmunityservicesthatsupportsurbanandrurallivelihoods(Jalalabadpicturedhere)景观实施工具包说明了要在不同景观类型中采取的一系列举措Alandscapeimplementationtoolkitillustratesahostofinitiativestobeundertakenacrossdifferentlandscapetypes贾拉拉巴德河滨（JalalabadRiverfront）等催化项目将社区利某省市防灾能力投资联系在一起Catalyticprojects,suchastheJalalabadRiverfront,tiemunitybenefitstoinvestmentsinurbanresilience贾拉拉巴德（Jalalabad）滨河公园在季节性洪水事件中某省市核心，同时创造了混合基础设施的新范例TheJalalabadriverfrontparkprotectsthecoreofthecityfromseasonalfloodeventswhilecreatinganewparadigmofhybridinfrastructure风险评估建立了一系列策略，以保护脆弱的社区免受滑坡和山洪的侵害Ariskassessmentestablishedarangeofstrategiestoprotectvulnerablemunitiesfromlandslidesandflashflooding贾拉拉巴德一个脆弱社区的综合社会和弹性基础设施IntegratedsocialandresiliencyinfrastructureinavulnerablemunityinJalalabad某省市会都是枢纽，必须支持某省市地区的生计Eachprovincialcapitalisthehubandmustsupportthelivelihoodsofmuchlargercity-regions建议建立一个农业中心网络，以促进区域经济发展并加强价值链AnetworkofAgriculturalHubsareproposedtopromoteregionaleconomicdevelopmentandstrengthenvaluechains在坎大哈新兴地区的投某省市发展与经济机遇保持一致InvestmentinanemergingdistrictofKandaharalignsurbangrowthwitheconomicopportunity一个某省市节点为坎大哈创造了强大的区域经济支柱AnewurbannodecreatesastrongregionaleconomicanchorforKandahar诸如沙里夫（Mazar-e-Sharif）之类的快速发某省市将促进沿新的公交快速通道发展FastgrowingcitieslikeMazar-e-SharifwillpromotedevelopmentalongnewBusRapidTransitCorridors在交通和发展方面的协调投资促进了紧凑，可持续发某省市Coordinatedinvestmentsinmobilityanddevelopmentpromoteapact,sustainablecity催化公共领域项目和公交一体化改善了某省市中心的生活质量CatalyticpublicrealmprojectsandtransitintegrationimprovequalityoflifeinthecentralcoreofMazar像Khost这样的某省市通过对某省市走廊的催化性投资来增强其身份Second-tiercitieslikeKhostreinforcetheiridentitywithcatalyticinvestmentsinprimaryurbancorridors具有可衡量结果的数据驱动方法AData-DrivenApproachwithMeasurableOuesSasaki除了通过利益相关者外展建立共识之外，还采用了基于证据的方法来制定某省市的投资和决策路线图。在一个自1970年代以来就没有进行过全国人口普查的国家，收集和验证数据绝非。Sasaki利用所有可用资源-从全球土地使用数据集到我们自己的家庭调查，开发了基线数据评估来绘制某省市的地图并制定基准。这些数据为与利益相关者的参与提供了一个通用的信息基础，并推动了战略发展框架战略和目标的评估。Inadditiontobuildingconsensusthroughstakeholderoutreach,Sasakiusedanevidence-basedapproachtodeveloparoadmapforinvestmentanddecisionmakingineachcity.Inacountrythathasnothadanationalcensussincethe1970s,collectingandverifyingdatawasnoeasytask.Drawingoneverysourceailable–fromgloba