2022临沂英语试卷+答案+解析

2022年山东临沂初中学业水平考试二、完形填空(共8小题,计8分)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空,使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供21—24小题选用,第二个方框供25—28小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次,每框有一项剩余。Cloze1(2022山东临沂)A.hadtoB.unlessC.gotlostD.borrowE.ifAlongtimeago,therewasakindbusinessmannamedAntonioinVenice.Oneday,hisfriendBassaniowantedtoaskaladynamedPortiatomarryhim.Buthedidnthaveanymoneytobuyclothesandtraveltohercity.Themanthentriedto1somemoneyfromhisfriendAntonio.

However,Antoniohadspentallofhismoneyonsomeshipsatsea.SohedecidedtoborrowmoneyfromShylock,amoney⁃lender.“Icanlendyoumoney,”saidShylock.“But2youdontreturnitontime,youmustgivemeapoundofyourownflesh(肉).”Antonioagreed.

BassanioaskedPortiatomarryhimsuccessfully,butAntoniosships3atsea.ThismeantthathehadnowaytoreturnthemoneytoShylock.He4faceShylockincourt(法庭).

A.withoutB.cutoffC.herselfD.withE.punishedBassaniowantedtohelphisfriend,buthedidntknowwhattodo.ThenPortiadressed5upasamalelawyer(律师)andfollowedBassaniotothecourt.Shecheckedthecontract(合同)betweenShylockandAntonio.Then,shetoldthecourtthatShylockcould6onepoundofAntoniosflesh.Buthehadtodoit7makingAntonioloseblood.

This,ofcourse,wasimpossible.Thecourt8ShylockfortryingtokillAntonio.ThecourttookhalfofhismoneyandgavetheotherhalftoAntonio.

1.2.3.4.

5.6.7.8.

三、阅读理解(共12小题,计24分)APassage1(2022山东临沂,A)WordsintheSnowInthetimeoftheYellowEmperor,therewerenowrittenwords.Peoplerecordedthingsbytyingkonts(打结)inropesandcarving(雕刻)shapesonstonewalls.Oneday,theYellowEmperordiscussedaneventwithawisemannamedCangJie.Cangtookoutapieceofknottedrope,butfounditwasrotten(腐烂的).Itwasimpossibleforhimtoremembertheeventclearly.Thenheturnedtoastonewall,butcouldhardlyreadtheshapesonit.Theyhadbeencarvedbyanotherpersonexcepthimself.“Theropeswillberotten.Andtheshapescanonlybereadbyafewpeople,”theemperorsaidtoCang.“Canyoucomeupwithsomethingbetter?”Cangthoughtoverthematterfordaysandnights.Onthemorningafteraheavysnowfall,theearthwascompletelywhite.Hesawthefootmarksofsomedifferentanimalsbyaccident.Thesefootmarkshelpedhimtorecognizewhatanimalshadpassedby.Cangsuddenlyhadanidea.Hepickedastickanddrewonthesnow⁃coveredground.Hefirstdrewatigerandabeartoshowthattheyhadpassedby.Butsoon,hefoundthiswastakingtoomuchtime.Herealizedthathehadtomakethedrawingseasier.Alltheshapesonthestonewallsflashedthroughhismind.Cangkeptmakingallkindsofshapesonthegroundeasier.Toshowthesun,forexample,heusedacirclewithadot(小点)inthemiddle.Ahalf⁃circleandaverticalline(竖线)madeupthemoon.Andthreecurves(曲线)wereusedtoshowwater.Later,thesunappeared.Thesesimplemarksshonebrightlyinthesnow.Intheend,Cangcreatedawholesetofsymbolstorecordthings.Peoplecouldeasilyunderstandthesesymbols.Sincethen,theyhavebeenabletorecordtheirownhistory.根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。1.CangJiecouldntremembertheeventclearlybecausehecouldnt.

A.recordthingsbytyingknotsinropesB.carveshapesonthestonewallsC.readtherottenropeortheshapesaboutit2.Theunderlinedword“recognize”inParagraph4probablymeans“”.

A.knowB.praiseC.accept3.InParagraph5,thewriterexplainsCangssimplemarksby.

A.givingsomeadviceB.givingseveralexamplesC.askingafewquestions4.Thepassagemainlytellsus.

A.whatremindedCangJietouseshapesormarkstoshowdifferentthingsB.whyCangJiewasaskedtocomeupwithbetterwaystorecordthingsC.howCangJiecreatedawholesetofsymbolstorecordthingsBPassage1(2022山东临沂,B)Migratorybirds(候鸟)flytodifferentplacesduringdifferentseasons.Theymayflydayandnightformonthsatatime.Duringthislongjourney,whenandhowdotheysleep?In2016,somescientistsstudiedagroupoffrigatebirds(军舰鸟)duringaten⁃dayflyingjourney.Theyfoundthatfrigatebirdscansleepwhiletheyreflying!Accordingtothisstudy,thesebirdstaketwokindsofshortsleep.ThefirstiscalledRapidEyeMovement(REM,快速动眼)sleep.Itisthedeepestperiodofsleep.Inushumans,REMsleepcancontinueformanyminutes.Forflyingbirds,however,REMsleepcontinuesforonlyafewseconds(秒).Evenso,thisperiodofsleepisstillveryimportantfortheirbrainhealth.Theotherkindofshortsleepis“halfsleep”.Frigatebirdsputonlyhalfoftheirbraintosleep,whiletheotherhalfstaysawake.Theeyesofthesebirdsarealwaysconnectedtothewakingpartoftheirbrain.Inotherwords,theysleepwiththeireyesopen.Itisstillalittledangeroustotakesuchashortsleep,though.So,thesebirdsprefertostayawakemostofthetime.Beforereachingland,theyspendlessthanthreepercentoftheirtimesleeping.However,notallmigratorybirdssleepinthisway.Manywillmakeseveralstopsontheirwaytogetagoodrest.Somestaycompletelyawakefortheirwholejourney.AlpineSwifts(高山雨燕),forexample,cankeepflyingfornearly200days.Therearefewsignsofthesebirdssleepingduringtheirlongtrips.Thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspecies(物种)tospecies.Thismakesthestudyofmigratorybirdsveryexcitingforscientists.Inthefuture,wemaylearnmoreamazingthingsabouttheseanimals!根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。1.Whatdoweknowaboutfrigatebirds?A.TheirREMsleepcontinuesformanyminutes.B.Theydontsleepduringtheirlongtrips.C.Theycansleepwiththeireyesopen.2.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)ABC3.Afterthestudyofmigratorybirds,thescientistshavefound.

A.thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspeciestospeciesB.whymigratorybirdsflytodifferentplacesduringdifferentseasonsC.allmigratorybirdsspendalittletimesleepingduringalongjourney4.Whatsthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AlpineSwiftszoo⁃dayTripB.FrigateBirdsFlyingJourneyC.SleepingintheSkyCPassage1(2022山东临沂,C)TheBirdMaskToday,doctorsknowalotabouthowtostopgerms(病菌)fromspreading.Theysuggestpeoplecovertheirmouthswhentheycough.Washingyourhandsoftenalsohelps.However,peoplehaventalwaysknownaboutgerms.Formanyyears,evendoctorsdidntreallyunderstandhowillnessesspread.1Somedoctorseventrieddressinglikebirds.

In1619,theFrenchdoctor,CharlesdeLorme,inventedaspecialuniform.Hehopeditcouldprotectdoctorswhoweretreatingplague(瘟疫)patients.Theuniformhadalongcoat,gloves,boots(靴子)andahat.Thedoctorsalsocarriedstickssotheywouldnthavetotouchthepatients.Themostspecialpartoftheuniformwasthemask(面具).2Ithadabeak(鸟嘴)thatwasabout15cmlong.Therewerealsotwoeyeholescoveredinglassandtwonostril(鼻孔)holes.

Atthattime,doctorsbelievedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.Anyairthathadabadsmellwasdangerous.3Theybelievedthiscouldstopthemfrombreathingthebadairandtheywouldntgetsickbecauseoftheplague.

Diditwork?Well,notreally.Certainlythegermssometimestraveledthroughtheair,andtheflowerswerentabletostopthem.4

Someformsofplagueonlyspreadthroughcertainanimalssuchasmice.Thedoctorsuniformhelpedtoprotectthemfromthisdanger.However,largelythecoat,gloves,bootsandhatdidthejob,notthebirdmask.根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Thebirdmaskhelpedtoprotectthedoctorsfromthisdanger.B.Manydoctorsstillgotsickbybreathingthroughthenostrilholesintheirmasks.C.Themaskmadethedoctorslooklikebirds.D.Sothedoctorsputflowersinthebeakoftheirmasks.E.Theydidmanythingstoavoidgettingsick.1.2.3.4.

四、词形转换(共8小题,计8分)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,每空限填一词。1.Mygardenisverynice.(grandmother)

2.Theheadmasterwillstudythereportbeforemakingadecision.(careful)

3.TwoChinesehavebeentospacesofar.TheyreLiuYangandWangYaping.(woman)

4.WhenDavegoesbackhomefromschool,hisdogalwaysgreetshimatthedoorwith.(excite)

5.Itssaidthatinthefuturetherewillbelongersummersandwintersthanbefore.(short)

6.Teenagerswillfeelandevengetangryifsomeonereadstheirdiaries.(comfortable)

7.Babypandasonlyabout0.1to0.2kiloswhentheyreborn.(weight)

8.Ittookaround120hourstoprintthis3Dhousewhileitusuallytakesaroundonetotwoyearstobuildahouseintheway.(tradition)

五、动词应用(共7小题,计7分)Passage1(2022山东临沂)阅读下面短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。OneLeaf,OneWorldMaybeyouknowChinesepapercutting,buthaveyoueverheardofleaf⁃cuttingart?Inautumnandwinter,manystreets1(cover)infallenleaves.Mostofusprobablyjustpassoverthemwithoutpayingmuchattention.ButnotKanatNurtazin,anartistfromKazakhstan(哈萨克斯坦).Hewillpickupsomefallenleavesandcutbeautifulartworksoutofthem.

Kanatworksatauniversity.He2(keep)drawingasahobbytostaycreativesince2013.Thislong⁃timehobbyhasalsoallowedhim3(express)himselfthroughart.

In2013,Kanat4(start)aprojectcalled“100MethodsofDrawing”.Inthisproject,hetriestousedifferentmaterialsandskillstocreateartworks.Amongallthesecreativepaintings,leaf⁃cuttingart5(be)oneofhisfavorites.

Tomakeleafart,Kanatfirstchoosesaleaffromhiscollection.Then,hesimply6(imagine)afunnystoryoralivelymoment(时刻).Hedrawsitonapieceofpaperandsticksthepapertotheleaf.Afterthegluedries,Kanatusesarazor(剃须刀)tocutoutthepattern(图案)ontheleaf.Finally,theartistfindsabeautifulbackgroundtotakepicturesoftheleaf.Andthis“leafstory”willbesharedonline.

Aleafslifeisshort.Butifyoulookatitwithyourcreativeeyes,likeKanatabove,youtoocangivetheleafasecondlifeby7(make)ittellaninterestingstory!

1.2.3.4.

5.6.7.

Passage1(2022山东临沂)本文是一篇报道,主要介绍了来自哈萨克斯坦的艺术家KanatNurtazin创造的剪树叶艺术,它赋予了树叶新的生命。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“文学、艺术与体育”主题群,涉及到“中外影视、戏剧、音乐、舞蹈、绘画、建筑等艺术形式中的文化价值和作品赏析,优秀的艺术家及其艺术成就”子主题内容。1.arecovered考查被动语态。根据语境可知,一到秋冬季节,街道上都被落叶覆盖,故填cover的被动语态;本句为一般现在时,主语为复数,be动词用are。2.keeps考查动词时态。根据上文的时态可知该句用一般现在时,主语是单三,所以填keeps。3.toexpress考查动词不定式。这里考查allowsb.todosth.结构,故填toexpress。4.started考查动词的时态。根据In2013可知动词要用一般过去时,故填started。5.is考查连系动词。根据上下文可知,他最喜欢的就是剪树叶艺术,主语leaf⁃cuttingart是单数,时态要用一般现在时,故填is。6.imagines考查时态。根据上下文可知,这里用一般现在时,主语是he,为第三人称单数,故填imagines。7.making考查动名词。根据空前的介词by可知,这里需要填一个名词或者动名词,故填making。六、阅读表达(共5小题,计10分)Passage1(2022山东临沂)阅读下面短文,完成短文后的问题。Passage1(2022山东临沂)本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了RobFrenette,一个来自加拿大的男孩如何通过自己和朋友一起来反对校园欺凌。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中的“做人与做事”主题群,涉及“生活与学习中的困难、问题和解决方式”子主题内容。1.Becausehewasoftenbullied.根据第一段中的“RobFrenette,aCanadianboy,wasoftenbulliedatschool.”可知答案。2.Hewalkedintoanewspaperofficeandtoldthemaboutthebullying.根据第一段中的“Hewalkedintoanewspaperofficeandtoldthemaboutthebullying.”可知答案。3.Firsthesetupawetsitewithhisfriend.Second,make“BlueDay”,aspecialdaythatworkstostoptheproblemofbullyinginschools.根据第三段中的“WithhisfriendKatieNeu,hesetupthewebsite.”和最后一段可知答案。4.Ithinkheisabraveboybecausewhenhewasbullied,hewalkedintoanewspaperofficeandtoldthemaboutthebullying.答案符合题意即可。5.Whenwemeetthedifficultiesinourlife,weshouldlearntofindoutwaystosolvethem.开放性试题,答案符合题意即可。七、补全对话(共4小题,计8分)Passage1(2022山东临沂)阅读下面对话,在每个空白处填入一个适当的句子,使对话完整,合乎情境。Tina:Kate,youshowedanoldphotoonWeChatyesterday.Therearetwokidsandtheirparentsinit.Isthatyourfamilyphoto?Kate:Yes,itis.Tina:1?

Kate:Itwastakenin2018.Tina:Isthatlittlebabyinthephotoyouryoungersister?Kate:Yes,sheisalovelygirl.Whataboutyou?Doyouhaveabrotherorsister?Tina:2.Iamtheonlychildinmyfamily.

Kate:Really?Howdoesitfeeltobeanonlychild?3?

Tina:No,Ihavent.Iveneverfeltlonely.Ihavetwocousinswholivenearby.Theyrejustlikemybrothers.Kate:MycousinsliveinQingdao.Wedontseeeachotheroften.Tina:Whatapity!MayIaskwhatyourparentsdo?Kate:Myfatherisanengineerandmymotherisadoctor.Whataboutyourparents?Tina:Myfatherisacomputerprogrammer.Heisgoodatcomputer.4.Sheteachesartatalocalschool.Theyreverybusy,buttheyalwaysmaketimeforme.Ithinkfamilyisthemostvaluablethingintheworld.

Kate:Iagree.1.

2.

3.

4.

Passage1(2022山东临沂)本文是一篇对话。对话中主要讨论了Kate和Tina的家庭成员及他们的状况。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中的“生活与学习”主题群,涉及“家庭与家庭生活”子主题内容。1.Whenwasittaken根据答语“Itwastakenin2018.”可知是提问什么时候拍的照片。2.No根据“Iamtheonlychildinmyfamily.”可知,我是家里唯一的孩子,故填No。3.Haveyoufeltlonely根据“No,Ihavent.Iveneverfeltlonely.”可知是询问“你感到孤独吗?”,时态用现在完成时。4.Mymotherisateacher根据“Sheteachesartatalocalschool.”可知,我的妈妈是一名教师。八、书面表达(计15分)假定你是李嘉,请阅读下面的邮件,用英语表示愿意帮忙并根据邮件内容回复。可以适当发挥。要求:1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数;2.语言通顺,条理清楚,书写规范;3.文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名他其它相关信息,否则不予评分。Writing1(2022山东临沂)DearLiJia,Howsitgoing?Weredoingaprojectatschoolabouthowteenagersaroundtheworldrelax.Idreallylikeyoutohelpme,ifyoucan!So,canyoutellme:—whatisyourfavoritewaytorelax?—howlongyouvedoneit?—howoftenyoudoit?—whetherrelaxingisimportantandwhy?Thanksverymuch,andwritesoon!BertDearBert,Thanksforyoure⁃mail.

Bestwishes!LiJia2022年山东临沂初中学业水平考试Cloze1(2022山东临沂)本文是一篇记叙文,节选自《威尼斯商人》。文章主要讲述了商人Antonio为了帮助朋友Bassanio向Portia求婚,而向贷款人Shylock借钱,如果Antonio没有按时还钱,就要从他自己身上取下一磅肉;最终在Bassanio夫妇的帮助下,Antonio打赢了这次官司。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“文学、艺术与体育”主题群,涉及“中外文学史上有代表性的作家和作品”子主题内容。1.D根据上文的“...BassaniowantedtoaskaladynamedPortiatomarryhim.Buthedidnthaveanymoneytobuyclothesandtraveltohercity.”可知他没钱,只能向朋友Antonio借钱。故选D。2.E根据语境可知,如果Antonio无法按时还钱,就要从他身上割下一磅肉来赔给Shylock。故选E。3.C根据下文的“ThismeantthathehadnowaytoreturnthemoneytoShylock.”可知,Antonio的货船在海上失事了,他无力偿还Shylock的钱了。故选C。4.A根据上文可知,Antonio无法按时还钱,不得不在法庭上面对Shylock。故选A。5.C根据语境可知,Bassanio的妻子Portia想帮助Antonio打这个官司,于是就乔装打扮成律师;dressoneselfup是“打扮自己”的意思。故选C。6.B根据上文提到的Antonio与Shylock之间的合同约定可知,Antonio要割下一磅的肉来还债。故选B。7.A根据上文提到的合同约定可知,Portia就是抓住了其中的“漏洞”,合同并没有规定如何取下一磅肉,以及产生的后果,所以可以利用这一点做文章。故选A。8.E根据文章内容可知,最终法庭判罚Shylock蓄意谋杀Antonio,进而判罚没收他一半的财产,把另外一半给Antonio。故选E。Passage1(2022山东临沂,A)本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了黄帝时期仓颉造字的传说。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“历史、社会与文化”主题群,涉及“对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物”子主题内容。1.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Cangtookoutapieceofknottedrope,butfounditwasrotten...Thenheturnedtoastonewall,butcouldhardlyreadtheshapesonit.Theyhadbeencarvedbyanotherpersonexcepthimself.”可知,C项正确。故选C。2.A词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Hesawthefootmarksofsomedifferentanimalsbyaccident.”可知,仓颉偶然间在雪地上发现一些不同动物的脚印,进而判断出有哪些动物经过。know知道;praise表扬;accept接受。故选A。3.B细节理解题。根据第五段可知,作者讲了仓颉如何用一些形状来表示太阳、月亮、水等,应该是举了几个仓颉造字的例子。故选B。4.C主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,仓颉因为打结的绳子腐烂而无法想起之前记录的事情,又因为无法识别别人刻在墙上的图形而想到要造一套新的符号来记录事情,故选C。Passage1(2022山东临沂,B)本文是一篇科普文章。文章主要介绍了候鸟在迁徙过程中的睡眠方式。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中的“环境保护”主题群,涉及“常见的动物,动物的特征与生活环境”子主题内容。1.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Forflyingbirds,however,REMsleepcontinuesforonlyafewseconds.”可排除A项和B项;根据第四段中的“Inotherwords,theysleepwiththeireyesopen.”可知C项正确。故选C。2.B篇章结构题。第一段总写候鸟在迁徙过程中有自己的睡眠方式;第二段以军舰鸟为例进行说明;第五段则以高山雨燕为例进行说明;第六段是总结段。故选B。3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspeciestospecies.”以及上文举的两种候鸟迁徙中的睡眠方式可知物种之间的睡眠习惯各不相同。故选A。4.C主旨大意题。通读全文可以推测出文章是为研究候鸟迁徙过程中的睡眠问题,故选C。Passage1(2022山东临沂,C)本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医生为了避免细菌感染而做的努力,设计了特殊的服装。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“科学与技术”主题群,涉及“科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新”子主题内容。1.E根据第二段中的“Formanyyears,evendoctorsdidntreallyunderstandhowillnessesspread.1Somedoctorseventrieddressinglikebirds.”可以推测出医生想了各种办法来阻止病毒的传播和蔓延。故选E。

2.C根据第四段中的“Ithadabeakthatwasabout15cmlong.”可以推测出这件防护服很像一只鸟的模样。故选C。3.D根据第六段中的“Certainlythegermssometimestraveledthroughtheair,andtheflowerswerentabletostopthem.”可推知,当时医生觉得病毒是通过空气传播的,于是就在鸟嘴面具那里放了些花来阻止病毒的传播。故选D。4.B根据前文的“andtheflowerswerentabletostopthem”可知,花也不起作用,很多医生因此生病了。故选B。1.grandmothers考查名词所有格。句意:我奶奶的花园很漂亮。由句意可知填grandmothers。2.carefully考查副词。根据“beforemakingadecision”可知,做决定前要仔细研究报告,用副词修饰动词,故填carefully。3.women考查名词复数。根据“twoChinese”可知是两个中国女人,故填women。4.excitement考查名词。根据“with”及句子结构可知后面必须跟名词,故填excite的名词形式。5.shorter考查形容词比较级。在“belongersummersandwintersthanbefore”中and连接并列成分,所以这里填short的比较级shorter。

6.uncomfortable考查形容词。根据“evengetangryifsomeonereadstheirdiaries”可知,如果有人偷看了青少年们的日记,他们会很不愉快甚至生气,故填uncomfortable。7.weigh考查动词。根据句子结构可以判断出这里缺少谓语动词,故要把名词weight转换成动词weigh;主语Babypandas为复数,故填weigh。8.traditional考查形容词。根据语境可知,现在只需要120小时就可以打印出3D房子,但按照之前传统的方式,至少需要一到两年的时间才行。空后为名词way,需要形容词修饰,故填traditional。RobFrenette,aCanadianboy,wasoftenbullied(欺凌)atschool.Hewasoftenlonelyandscared.Whenhewasfifteen,however,hedecidedtodosomethingabouthisproblem.Hewalkedintoanewspaperofficeandtoldthemaboutthebullying.Hisstorywentintothenewspaperandsoon,alltheTVstationsinCanadawantedtotalktohimabouthisexperiences.Theyalsowantedtohearhisideasabouthowtostopbullying.Inhisfreetimeafterschool,Robhelpsot