第四节　特殊句式

第四节特殊句式1.状语从句的省略考点1省略当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式，且主语和主句的主语一致或其主语是it时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。Whenseeingforeignfriends,weshouldwarmlyhelpthem,makingthemfeeltheenthusiasmofourChinese.当见到外国朋友时，我们应该热情地帮助他们，让他们感受到我们中国人的热情。2.不定式的省略在一定的上下文中为了避免重复，可以省略不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语)，只保留不定式符号to，否定形式的省略用notto。但如果省略的不定式结构中含有be,have(作助动词用)，通常保留be或have。Firstly,peoplemayfeelforcedwhenaskedtodothingsthattheydon’twantto.首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时，可能会感到是被迫的。3.if引导的虚拟条件句的省略当if从句中有had,should,were时，可以省去if，同时把had,should,were置于句首。HadIworkedalittleharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.如果我再努力一点，我就能通过考试了。

1.完全倒装考点2倒装(1)表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语(here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,onthewall,intheroom等)置于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装。Therestandsabigtreefulloffruitononesideofthestream.在小溪的一边有一棵硕果累累的大树。(2)将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never,seldom,rarely,little,few,atnotime,bynomeans,nolonger,hardly/scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...,notonly...butalso...,notuntil,nowhere,neither...nor...等。NeverwillIgiveupmydreamtobecomeanastronaut.我永远不会放弃成为一名宇航员的梦想。NotonlydoesShueyRhonRhonimplytolerance,integration,harvest,warmthandlight,butitalsorepresentsfriendship,courageandstrength.雪融融不仅象征着宽容、融合、收获、温暖和光明，还代表着友谊、勇气和力量。(3)“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。Onlyinthiswaywillwegetthroughthedarkesttime.只有这样，我们才能度过最黑暗的时刻。OnlywhenyouhaveabetterunderstandingofChinesetablemannerscanyoubehaveproperly.只有当你更好地了解中国的餐桌礼仪时，你才能表现得体。2.部分倒装(1)so/such...that...结构中的so,such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。Sosignificantisthevolleyballmatchthateveryoneshouldarriveatourschoolstadiumaheadofschedule.这场排球比赛意义重大，每个人都应该提前到达我们学校的体育馆。(2)as引导让步状语从句时，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。(though引导让步状语从句可倒装也可不倒装，although引导让步状语从句不倒装)句子的倒装语序有以下三种形式：·形容词或副词＋as＋主语＋连系动词be或实义动词。·名词＋as＋主语＋连系动词be(注意句首的名词不带冠词)·实义动词＋as＋主语＋助动词[如果没有助动词，则要加上一个do(does或did)]Tiredas/thoughweare,weareproudofourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.虽然我们很累，但我们为自己感到自豪，并相信我们可以为一个更美好的世界做更多的事情。MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.我虽然佩服他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不聪明的。Childasheis,heknowsalot.尽管他是个孩子，但懂很多事情。

Tryashemay,heneversucceeds.尽管他很努力，但总是不成功。(3)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。I’msoexcitedatthenewsandsoaremyfriendsMaryandTom.我对这个消息感到兴奋，我的朋友玛丽和汤姆也是。

强调句是高考考查的难点，其结构为：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。在理解强调句时，考生要注意以下六点：1.被强调部分是人时，连接词用that/who都可以；非人时，用that。 ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.

正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。2.强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？

考点3强调3.强调句的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？4.含not...until...的强调句：Itis/wasnotuntil＋...＋that＋其他部分。5.把句子中的“Itis/was...that/who”去掉之后，句子依然成立，就是强调句，否则就不是。6.如果需要强调谓语，应用助动词“do/does/did＋动词原形”形式。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。考点4感叹句句式结构(1)What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！(2)What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！(1)How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！(2)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！(3)How＋主语＋谓语！

Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognizewhatsillymistakesIhadmade.我被她的话惊到，这使得我意识到我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。Howhighthemountainis!这山真高啊！

祈使句常用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)，有时也可用everybody,someone,anybody等不定代词。祈使句的否定式一般在动词原形前加don’t或never。其强调形式可以在谓语动词前面加do。祈使句的4种形式：(1)动词原形(＋宾语＋其他成分)；(2)Be＋表语，如Behonest；(3)Let’s/Letusdo/notdosth；(4)祈使句＋and/or＋简单句(谓语用一般将来时)。考点5祈使句①(2023·沈阳重点高中协作体一模)Oneday,hiswifefellwhile____________(climb)overanearbyhillandhurtherselfseriously.②(2023·津南区模拟)Offthebike____________(fall)thelittlegirlandthescenefrightenedhermother.③(2023·洛阳名校联盟二模)Small____________itis,Macaohasarichhistoryandculturalheritage.④(2023·天津经济技术开发区二模)Sofriendly______________________________Iamalwaysfeelingathome,thusovercomingthehomesicknessandfrightonmyarrival.你和你的家人是如此的友好，使我总有宾至如归的感觉，从而克服了我一到这里就想家和害怕的心情。

单句语法填空/完成句子climbingfellas/thoughareyouandyourfamilythat⑤(2023·北京延庆区一模)Fromherexperience,Iunderstandthat_____________________________________________________________________.从她的经历中，我明白了只有不断挑战自己才能获得成功。⑥(2023·沈阳高三一模)Notonly_________________________________________________________________________，butitalsohelpedpromotefriendshipbetweenChinesestudentsandexchangestudents.它不仅帮助交换生更多地了解中国，也促进了中国学生和交换生之间的友谊。

onlybyconstantlychallengingmyselfcanIgainsuccess didithelptheexchangestudentslearnmoreaboutChinaⅠ.单句语法填空1.(2023·黄山第二次质量检测)When____________(encounter)extremeweatherconditionssuchasheavysnow,fog,strongwind,orsuddenwarming,thecompetitionmaybetemporarilysuspended(中止),rescheduled,orevencanceledaltogether.2.(2023·杭州二中模拟预测)Thescientistsfoundthatconsumingfruits,vegetablesandyogurtpositivelyinfluencedmicrobialdiversityinthegut.__________diddrinkingtea,wine,coffeeandbuttermilk.【达标检测】encounteringSo3.(2023·南京、盐城二模)Then____________(come)alecturecenteredonbasicknowledgeoftheuniversallanguage—music.4.(2023·辽宁省实验中学一模)____________itnotbeenfortheloveandcarefromthosearoundme,Iwouldn’thavemadeit.5.(2023·广东名校联合测试)Nosooner__________thepoormangotinthanPaulclosedthedoorinstantly.6.(2023·泸州三诊)Throughthisactivity,notonly____________werefreshourminds,butalsowefullyexperiencedthepleasureofoutdoorsports.cameHadhaddid7.(2023·泰安一模)Notonly____________theactivityhelpstudentsgetaccesstomoreknowledgebutalsoitwillcultivatetheirabilitiesofChinesepoetryappreciation.8.(2023·哈尔滨一模)Ordinary____________coming-of-agestoriesmaylookontheoutside,theyoftenallowustolookunderneaththesurfaceandseethepoweroflifeitself.9.(2023·黄山质量检测)Therefore,Ididn’tknow____________wonderfulitwasuntilIwasthereinperson.10.(2023·厦门二模)Itisthiscommunityspirit____________makesChineseNewYearwhatitis.willas/thoughhowthatⅡ.语法与写作1.________________，youcanvisitourschoolwebsiteandsignuponlineorcometotheStudentUnionOfficeatRoom101tofilloutapaperapplicationbeforenextSunday.

如果你有兴趣，你可以访问我们学校的网站并在线注册，或者在下周日之前到学生会办公室101室填写纸质申请。2.__________________________________Irealizedtherealimportanceofthegift.

直到几年以后，我才意识到这份礼物的真正重要性。3.__________________________hepromisedtokeepcalmandcooperate.

布莱斯(Bryce)感到非常羞愧，他答应保持冷静并配合。

IfinterestedItwasnotuntilsomeyearslaterthatSoashamedwasBrycethat4.Notonly__________________________________________________butitalsomotivateourpassiontolearnEnglishwell.

它不仅丰富了我们的学校生活，也激发了我们学好英语的热情。5.________________________，Iattemptedtocollectmythoughts,tryingtoexplainthesituationinthewayasconciseaspossible.

尽管我很惊慌，但我试图整理思绪，试图用尽可能简洁的方式解释当时的情况。6.______________________________________________________________，themanreachedovertograbthetorchontheshoecabinetnearthedoor.

他一边拍着我的肩膀让我平静下来，一边伸手去拿门附近鞋柜上的手电筒。

doesitenrichourschoollifePanickedas/thoughIwasWhilecalmingmebypattingmyshoulderⅢ.语篇提能练When1.____________(tell)thatthewholefamilywouldgohikinginthemountains,Iwasextremelyexcited.2.____________excitedwasIthatIfailedtohaveagoodsleepthatnight.Itwasinthefollowingearlymorning3.____________wesetoff.Thewholetripwitnessedvariousfascinatingviews.Tired4.__________wewere,nooneinmyfamilywaswillingtohavearest.Holdingthehandswitheachother,wefinallyarrivedatthetopofthemountain.5.____________strikingtheviewwas!Throughthetrip,notonly6.____________weenjoyedthebeautifulview,butwealsohavestrengthenedconnectionbetweenfamilymembers.toldSothatas/thoughHowhave■层级一模拟达标练1.(2023·泰安一模)Themascothasbecomesopopular____________allrelatedproductshavealmostrunoutofstocksincetheGamesopeningceremonyonFriday.2.(2023·菏泽一模)Theperformances,____________carriedforwardthethemeofglobalpeaceandsharedfutureforhumankind,focusedonenvironmentalprotection，andhumanhealthandphysicalfitness.3.(2023·梅州一模)TimestoodstillasthebearandIbothwaitedtosee____________wouldmovefirst.【综合演练】thatwhichwho4.(2023·雅礼中学一模)Alibaba’sHemaFreshStore,____________customerscanshop,dineandordergoodsfordeliveryfromtheirmobilephonesviaAlipay,hascomeintothespotlightrecently.5.(2023·江苏七市二模)Itwassometime________thedooropenedinresponsetohisring.6.(2023·厦门二模)____________eagerwasshetobeacrewmemberthatsheovercamemanydifficultiesandultimatelybecamequalified.7.(2023·衡水中学模拟)Itwasin2018，whenPresidentXiJinpingemphasizedtheimportanceoftrashclassification,____________theinitiative(倡议)startedtogetonthefasttrack.wherebeforeSothat8.(2023·石家庄部分名校联考)Onereasonisthatithelpsyouunderstand____________youhavelearnedinclass.9.(2023·广州名校高三模拟)Theuniversitymadethediscoverywhile____________(sort)outitsceramiccollection.10.(2023·肇庆三模)LesssnowcoverinthemountainsisimportantintheWestandAlaska，____________willgreatlyreducethechancesofdisasterscausedbytoomuchsnow.whatsortingwhich■层级二高考真题练1.(2022·全国甲卷)Onthe1，100-kilometerjourney，themanCaoShengkang，____________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident，crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies____________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.3.(2022·浙江1月卷)KimCobb，aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta，isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.whothatwho/that4.(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb，forherpart，startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak____________shecoulddosoremotely.5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems，preservingbiologicaldiversity，protectingecologicalbufferzones,____________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.6.(2022·全国甲卷)Heshowedme____________hismedicalinstrumentswereused.whether/ifandhow7.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot____________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.8.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartist____________paintingswerealmostlifelike.9.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)____________heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.10.(全国Ⅰ卷)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidence____________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.wherewhoseWhen/Asthat■层级三语篇提能练Youhave