中考英语阅读理解专题练习-文化差异

届中考英语：热点时文阅读・文化差异

题型主要内容

1阅读理讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别。

解

2阅读理介绍了荷兰风车节的由来、日期、庆祝方式以及不同风车在荷兰文化中的内涵。

解

3完形填叙述了人们有许多庆祝新原创的传统和活动，并不是所有国家都以同样的方式来庆祝新原

空

4短文填介绍了印度的一些礼仪。

空

5阅读填讲述了关于时间的概念。每个国家对“准时”都有不同的观点，然后分别讲述了德国，沙特

表俄罗斯对准时的概念与习惯。

6语法填说明了兔子在中西方文化中被认为是幸运的象征。

空

01

（•海南海口•海南中学校考模拟预测）Stir-fry（小炒j,Pekingduck,friedrice-thetastesof

Britain.

“Britain?!”Ihearyoucry."ButBritishpeopletakeafiemoonteawithsandwiches!Thoseare

Chinesedishes!^^

AccordingtoasurveybyFoodNetworkUK,nineoutof1（）Britishpeoplesaidtheirfavorite

foodwasAsian.ThenumberoneinternationalfoodinBritainwasstii-fry,accordingtotheDaily

Mail,with55percentsayingtheyateitoften.

Britainhasaverymulticulturalhistory.Centuriesofhistorybroughtdishesfromacrosstheworld.

AlmosteverytownintheUKhasaChineseorIndianrestaurant,andItalian,ThaiandJamaicanare

notunusual.Perhapsit'snosurprisethattheylearnedtocookandeatdishesfromothercountries.

TraditionalBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation（名声）.

InternationalfoodhasbecomeBritishfood,evenwhenBritisharecooking.Anothersurveyby

theUKTVfoodchannelin2009showedthemostcommondishBritishcouldcookwithoutarecipe

wasItalianspaghetti.

1lowcvcr,ifyou'reintheUKandthinkatriptoaChineserestaurantwouldbeagreatwayto

stayawayfromhomesickness（乡愁）,thinkagain.ManyBritishChinesedishesaren'texactlyChinese.

AttheendofeveryBritishChinesemeal,yougetasweetcrispknownasa''traditionalChinese

fortunecookie”.IhavelivedinBeijingforalmostayear.Ihaveyettoeatafortunecookiethatis

reallyChinese.

Abowlofstir-fryfollowedbyafortunecookie...nowthatwouldbeawaytocuremy

homesickness,fortheUK.

1.WhichisBritishpeople'sfavoriteinternationalfood,accordingtothesurvey?

A.Stir-fry.B.Pekingduck.C.Italianspaghetti.

2.What'sthemostimportantfeatureofmodernBritishfood?

A.Unusual.B.International.C.Traditional.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthesixthparagraph?

A.ChinesefortunecookiesarefamousinBeijing.

B.ChinesepeopleintheUKwon'tgotoChineserestaurants.

C.BritishChineserestaurantsaredifferenttoChineserestaurantsinChina.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Italianfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation.

B.TraditionalBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation.

C.ModemBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation.

5.What'sthebesttitlefbrthestory?

A.HistoryofBritishfood

B.InternationaltastesofBritain

C.ThereputationofBritishfood

02

（•福建泉州・统考三模）

TheNetherlandsislow-lyingandinfluencedbythenorthseawind,whichcausedfloodsto

happeneasilyinthepast.Inordertodealwiththeproblem,theDutchusedthousandsofwindmills.

SotheNetherlandsbecamethefamouslandofwindmills.Withthisinvention,theDutchsetaspecial

dateandheldsomeactivities.IfsheldonthesecondSaturdayofMayeachyear.Gradually,Windmill

DaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalintheNetherlands.

Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsareeverywhere.Manyshopsarefilledwithcolorful

windmillartpieces.Childrenalsoliketodrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.

Windmillshavedifferentpurposesindifferentstates.Theybringgoodlucktopeopleinmost

situations.Whentheflagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyisborn,oracoupleare

holdingawedding.Whenthefanofwindmillislikeacross,itmeansthatsomeimportantguestsare

comingandtheyarewarmlywelcomed.However,whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,it

mainlytellsusthatsomethingbadhashappened.

Nowadays,duringyourvisitintheNetherlands,youcanchoosethewindmillmuseums.Also,

youcangotothelocalwindmillvillages.Therearestillmorethan1000windmillsaroundthecountry,

withmanystillinuse.Everywindmilliscoveredinredandgreenandisslowlyrunningtogreetyou.

6.PeopleinNetherlandsmainlyusewindmillsto.

A.produceelectricityB.dowithfloods

C.celebratefestivalsD.welcomevisitors

7.HowdotheDutchcelebrateWindmillDay?

@Theydecoratethepublicplaceswithpicturesshapedofwindmills.

②Shopownerspreparelotsofcolorfulwindmillartpieces.

③Theyfixthefanofwindmillastheshapeofacross.

④Youngkidsdrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.

A.③B.②③④C.①③④D.①②④

8.Whichpictureofwindmillsshowsthecomingofanewborn?

15.A.turnonB.sweepawayC.takeoffD.tidyup

16.A.acceptB.makeC.buyD.receive

17.A.hardlyB.neverc.alwaysD.seldom

18.A.beautifulB.traditionalc.modernD.boring

19.A.quietB.slowc.fastD.loud

20.A.performB.spendc.hearD.check

04

（2022秋•重庆江北♦九原创级重庆十八中校考期末）Indiaisacountryrichintraditionand

culture.CanyoutellmehowmuchyouhaveknownaboutIndiasofar?Ifyou'replanningtotravel

toIndia,itwillbe21toknowthefollowingcustoms.

Youshouldnotholdhands22.kissorhuganyoneinpublic,evenyourlovedones.Asa

conservative（保守的）country,Indiadoesnotwelcomepublicexpressionof

affection（情感）suchashuggingandkiss.23Indianpeopledeyesarebigandconsidered

themostbeautifulinAsia,itisnotpropertolookstraightintoaperson'seyeswhiletalking.Indian

peoplemake24eyecommunicationthanWesternpeopledo.However,thisdoesn't25

thatIndianpeoplearenothonest.Itisjustpartoftheirculture.Anothercustomthatyoushouldpay

26toisthatmenshouldn'ttouchIndianwomen.Infact,onlytheirsonscantouchtheminpublic.

Whenitcomestootherpeople,however,afriendlyknockonthebackbetweenpeopleofthesame

gender（性别）isallowed.

Whalesmore,whateveryoudo,slayawayfromthe27.AccordingtoIndianculture,the

headisthemostimportantpartofthehumanbody,andnoonecantouchit.SoifyoutouchanIndian

person'sheadbyaccident,saysorryasquicklyaspossibleto28anytrouble.

05

（•四川凉山•模拟预测）完成表格。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息

，并将其答案的完整形式写在答题卡上相应的位置。每空一词。

Nowadays,manypeopleinChinaandJapanareracingagainsttime.Theyputalotofvaluein

“beingontime”.However,insomecountriesoftheworld,peoplehavedifferentopinionson“being

on

Germany

Thankstoitsindustrialpast（过去的工业化）,inGermanyyouarcexpectedtoarriveatleastten

minutesearlierforanyplannedmeeting.

InGermany,beingontimeisrisky（有风险的）enoughbecauseyourhostswillprobablyalready

betherewaiting,wonderinghowonearth（究竟）youcouldbesostupid.Whatwillyoudoif

anythingunexpectedhappens,likeheavytrafficorasuddenrain?So,remembertoarriveearlyin

Germany.

SaudiArabia

SomecountriescarelittleabouttimeandSaudiArabiaisoneofthem.It'sbecauseoftheirlong

historyofdesertlivingwheretimeisnotthefirstthingtothinkabout.Itcouldbethatit'stoohotto

doanythingontime.Sodon'texpectthemtobeontime.Moreover,lookingatyourwatchduringan

eventisevenconsideredasbadmanners.Sodon'tgetangrywiththem,either.

Ghana

Mostmeetinglimescanbechanged,evenifanexactlimeisgiven,Ghanaiansareveryrelaxed

andeasygoing（随和的）.Theythinkthatifeveryoneislate,thennooneislate.Afterall,what

can'tbedonetodaycangetdonetomorrow.Ifyoufinditdifficulttodealwith,preparetobeunhappy.

Otherwise,sitbackenjoytheride.

Russia

Patienceisconsideredaveryimportantquality（品质）inRussianculturebutbeingontimeis

not.WhendoingbusinessinRussia,dobeontime.Otherwise,itwillbeconsidered

disrespectful（无礼的）.ButRussianswon'tholdthemselvestothesamestandard（标准）.So,again,

patiencecanbekey.

Howdifferentlypeoplethink“beingontime^^indifferentcountries

_29Differentopinionson“beingon

Chinaand

•BothChineseandJapanesethinkit30tobeontime.

Japan

•Gcnnans31youtoarriveearlyforanyplannedmeeting

becauseoftheinfluenceoftheirindustrialpast.

Germany

•Youarethoughttobeso32unlessyouarriveatleastten

minutesearlier.

•Timeisnotthe33thingforpeoplelivinginthedesertto

SaudiArabiaconsider.

•Lookingatyourwatchduringaneventisconsideredtobe34.

•Ghanaiansthinkthatifeveryoneislate,then35islate.

Ghana•Mostmeetingtimescanbe36.Youmightbeunhappyifyou

can'tacceptit.

•BepatientinRussiabecauseit'sveryimportantqualityinits

37_.

Russia

•Whiledoing38inRussia,youshouldbeontime,though

Russiansarenotstrictwiththemselvesinit.

06

（•山西朔州・统考一模）短文填空。

Withthe39(begin)of,thenewYearoftheRabbithasstarted!Maybenowisthebest

timetotalkaboutitintheeyesofdifferentcultures.

Thereis4()opinionofrabbitsinChinesecultureasbeingwiseandgentle.Thisisshown

bythephrasedongrutuotu-aChineseidiom(习语)praisingpeople41aresmartand

quicklikearabbit.

Legendhasitthatthereisarabbit42(live)onthemoonwhichisthepctofChang'c,

agoddess43(wide)knowninChina.Also,inancientChina,therabbitwasapopular

symbolofgoodluck.Sincerabbitsarefull44energyandfertile(生育能力)innature.

SimilarlyintheWest,rabbitsarewell-knowntobe45(ability)to

reproduce(繁衍)insomedifficultconditions.Theyarealso46(consider)tobeluckyin

theWest.Oneofthemostwell-known47(symbol)ofgoodluck,arabbit'sfootis

supposedtobringgoodluck.

So,withitnowbeingthe48(luckily)animal'sturnonChinese

zodiac(十二生肖),maybetheYearoftheRabbitcanbringyousomegoodluck,too.

参考答案;

1.A2.B3.C4.B5.B

【导语】本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物

的区别。

1.细节理解题。根据“ThenumberoneinternationalfoodinBritainwasstir-

fry”可知英国排名第一的国际食品是小炒。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据"Britainhasaverymulticulturalhistory.Centuriesofhistorybroughtdishes

fromacrosstheworld”以及"InternationalfoodhasbecomeBritish

food”可知英国有着多元文化的历史，世界各地的食物都来到英国，所以现在英国食物是国

际化的。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据“ManyBritishChinesedishesaren'texactly

Chinese.”可知英国的中餐馆与中国的中餐馆不同。故选C。

4.细节理解题。根据“TraditionalBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreat

reputation”可知传统的英国食物名声不佳。故选B。

5.最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和

中国食物的区别，以选项B“英国的国际品味”为标题最合适。故选B。

6.B7.D8.C9.D10.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰风车节的由来、日期、庆祝方式以及不同

风车在荷兰文化中的内涵。

6.细节理解题。根据第一段"TheNetherlandsislow-lyingandinfluencedbythenorthsea

wind...thousandsof

windmilk”可知，荷兰地市低洼，过去容易发生洪涝灾害，为了解决这个问题，荷兰人使用

了成千上万的风车，所以荷兰人主要用风车解决洪水问题。故选B。

7.细节理解题。根据第二段“Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsarc

everywhere...windows「可知，在这一天到处都是风车形状的图片，许多商店都摆满了风车艺

术品，孩子们在门窗上画风车，所以他们庆祝的方式有①②④。故选D。

8.细节理解题。根据第三段“Whentheflagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyis

born”可知，当旗帜挂在风车上时，可能意味着有一个婴儿出生了。故选C。

9.细节理解题。根据第三段“whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,itmainlytellsusthat

somethingbadhas

happened”可知，当风车处于静止或倒退状态时，它预示着发生了不好的事情，选项D表述与

原文相符。故选D。

10.推理判断题。根据第一段“WindmiHDaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalinthe

Netherlands”可知，风车日渐渐成为一个传统的民间节E,所以本文主要介绍的风车之国一

兰，推测可以在杂志的文化专栏看到这篇文章。故选A。

11.A12.D13.B14.C15.B16.D17.C18.B19.D

20.A

【导语】本文叙述了人们rr许多庆祝新原创的传统和活动，并不是所有国家都以同样的方式

来庆祝新原创。在日本，人们扔豆子。在中国，新原创前几周人们买礼物、装饰品、食物和

新衣服。在印度，男女一起表演传统舞蹈。

H.句意：人们有许多庆祝新原创的传统和活动。

celebrate庆祝；take拿，获得；break打破；promise允诺，许诺。根据"notallculturescelebrate

NewYear'sDayinthesameway”可知，这里指的是庆祝n故选A。

12.句意：然而，不是所有的习俗都以同样的方式庆祝新原创。

So所以；And和，而且；Then然后；However然而。根据下文介绍了三个国家以不同的方式

庆祝新原创可知，此处表示转折，However表示转折，后加逗号。故选D。

13.句意：他们抛豆子的同时喊“坏运走开，好运进来。”

pulling拉,拖；shouting呼喊，喊叫;playing游戏,玩耍;

practicing练习。根据引号后的内容可知这里指的是喊叫的内容。故选B。

14.句意：它能在新的一原创中带来健康和好运.

purpose目的；advice建议；health健康；time时间。根据“andgood

luck”可知，这里与好运对应的是健康。故选C。

15.句意：他们打扫房间来清除坏运气。

turnon打开；sweepaway清除；takeoff起飞，脱下；tidy叩收拾，整理。根据空格后的“bad

luck”可知，要清除坏运气。故选B。

16.句意：在新原创那天，孩子们将收到来自父母的红包。

accept接受；make制作；buy买；receive收到。根据空格后“hongbaofromtheir

parents”可知，这里指的是孩子从父母那里收到红包。故选D。

17.句意：这时人们总是拜访他们的亲戚和朋友。

hardly几乎不；never从不；always总是；seldom很少。根据句意和语境可知，此处是指人们

在新原创时候总是会走访亲朋好友。故选C。

18.句意：舞狮是春节期间举行的一项传统活动。

beautiful美丽的；traditional传统的；modern现代的；boring尢聊的。根据上文“theNewYear

withmanytraditionsandactivities”可知，这里指的是舞狮是一项传统活动。故选B。

19.句意：人们认为喧闹的鼓声可以让坏运离开。

quiet安静的；slow慢的；fast快速的；loud大声的，喧吵的。根据“soundofdrumscankeepbad

thingsaway”可知，大声的敲鼓的声音才能把坏运赶走。故选D。

20.句意：在印度，男人和女人们表演传统舞蹈。

perform表演；spend花费；hear听；check检查。根据空格后的“traditional

dances”可知，是表演舞蹈。故选A。

21.helpful22.with23.Though/Although24.less25.mean26.attention

27.head28.prevent/avoid

【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的一些礼仪。

21.句意：如果你打算去印度旅行，了解以下习俗会很有帮助。根据“knowthefollowing

customs.”以及所给词可知了解印度的习俗会有帮助，作表语用形容词helpful”有帮助的"。故

填helpful。

22.句意：你不应该在公共场合与任何人牵手、亲吻或拥抱，即使是你所爱的人。根据“hoi

dhands...anyone,evenyourlovedones”可知是和任何人牵手，用介词with。故填with。

23.句意：尽管印度人的眼睛很大，被认为是亚洲最美丽的，但说话时直视别人的眼睛是不

合适的。前后两句是让步关系，用though/although引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although。

24.句意：印度人的眼神交流比西方人少。根据"itisnotpropertolookstraightintoaperson's

eyeswhile

talking”可知在印度说话时直视别人的眼睛是不礼貌的，所以他们的眼神交流更少，根据“tha

n”可知此处用比较级less。故填less。

25.句意：然而，这并不意味着卬度人不诚实。根据"ihalIndianpeoplearenot

honest”可以印度人不眼神交流不意味着他们不诚实，mean”意味着"，助动词doesn't后加动词

原形。故填mean。

26.句意:你应该注意的另一个习俗是，男人不应该碰印度女人。payattention

to“注意故填attention。

27.句意：更重要的是，无论你做什么，都要远离头部。根据“theheadisihemostimporlanl

part...”可知是远离头部，head“头"。故填head。

28.句意：如果你意外触摸了印度人的头部，请尽快道歉，以免造成任何麻烦。根据“any

trouble”可知碰了印度人的头，要尽快道歉，这样能避免造成麻烦，prevent“阻止”，avoid”避

免”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填prevent/avoid。

29.Countries30.valuable/important31.expect32.stupid33.first

34.impolite/rude35.nobody36.Changed37.culture38.business

【导语】本文讲述了关于时间的概念。每个国家对“准时''都有不同的观点，然后分别讲述了

德国，沙特阿拉伯，加纳和俄罗斯对准时的概念与习惯。

29.根据“ChinaandJapanGermanySaudiArabiaGhana

Russia”可知，此处说的是国家，首字母需大写。故填Countries。

30.根据“Nowadays,manypeopleinChinaandJapanarcracingagainsttime.Theyputalotof

valuein'beingon

time'.”可知，中国人和日本人认为“准时”很宝贵和重要c故填valuable/important。

31.根据“Thankstoitsindustrialpast（过去的工业化），inGermanyyouareexpectedtoamveat

leasttenminutesearlierforanyplanned

meeting.”可知，德国人希望你提前到达，Germans作主语用主动语态。故填expect。

32.根据"InGermany,beingontimeisrisky（有风险的）enoughbecauseyourhostswillprobably

alreadybetherewaiting,wonderinghowonearth（究竟）youcouldbeso

stupid.”可知，如果你没有提前十分钟到达在德国，别人会认为你很愚蠢。故填stupid。

33.根据"It'sbecauseoftheirlonghistoryofdesertlivingwheretimeisnotthefirstthingtothink

about.”可知，沙特阿拉伯人认为时间不是第一件需要考虑的事情。故填fir