云南省保山市2024-2025学年高三英语上学期1月期末试题含解析

保山市2024～2025学年普通高中上学期期末质量监测

高三英语

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号在答题卡上填

写清楚。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选

涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。

3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?

A.Sorry.B.Tired.C.Comfortable.

2.Whodoestheginusuallyplaywithprobably?

A.Jane.B.Susan.C.Lucy.

3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inanoffice.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atthewoman’shome.

4.Whattimeisitnow?

A.7:00p.m.B.7:30p.m.C.8:00p.m.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkcanbedonetohelptheenvironment?

A.Buyingfewerproducts.

B.Creatingmoreeco-friendlymaterials.

C.Spendingmoremoneyonscientificstudies.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisparents?

A.Theywearglasses.B.Theyarescientists.C.Theylımithisscreentime.

7.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?

A.Family.B.Eyesight.C.Eatinghabits.

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。

8.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?

A.Toaskaboutalatepackage.

B.Tocheckonabrokenpackage.

C.Tocomplainaboutalostpackage.

9.Whenwasthepackagesentyesterday?

A.At8:00a.m.B.At10:00a.m.C.At5:00p.m.

10.Whatwillthewomandolater?

A.Callthemanback.

BCheckthetrackingnumber

C.Deliverthepackageinperson.

听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。

11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Bossandemployee.C.Teacherandstudent.

12.WhatproblemdoesHenryhave?

A.Hewasgiventhewrongmark.

B.Hereceivedthewrongtestpaper.

C.HedidworsethanHarryinthetest.

13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?

A.Apologizeintheclass.

B.GiveHenryahighermark.

C.CallHenry’smothertopraisehim.

听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。

14.Whatdidthemanwanttobewhenhewasachild?

A.Astorywriter.B.Ashopowner.C.Aweddingplanner.

15.Whatistheman’smotherinterestedindoingnow?

A.Plantingflowers.B.Travelingaround.C.Teachingpeople.

16.Whichdoesthewomanthinkisthemostimportantforherjob?

A.Beingpatient.B.Providingcare.C.Communicatingwell.

17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sjob?

A.It’screative.BIt’smeaningful.C.It’sinspiring.

听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。

18.Whichcountryisthespeakermainlyreportingon?

A.USA.B.Canada.C.NewZealand.

19.Whenisthistalktakingplace?

A.InJanuary.B.InNovember.C.InDecember.

20.Whowillspeaknext?

A.ATVshowhost.B.Aweatherreporter.C.Alocalnewsreporter.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

Excitingnewsforyou!Theaccesstosomeworld-famousuniversitiesthisfallsemesterfinally

pumpsup.Herearethefirstfouryoucanchoosefrom.

UniversityofSydney

AsoneoftheoldestuniversitiesinAustralia,setupin1850andknownforitsHealthScience,

theuniversityadvocatestochallengeyourselves,respectothersandembracediversity.

Requirements:IELTS6.5⁺orTOEFL100⁺andNEMTscoresabove70%

AnnualTuitionFees:$21,000—34,000

Deadline:February15,2025

UniversityofToronto

Builtin1827,asapublicnationalresearchuniversitylocatedinToronto,Canada,covering

awiderangeoffieldsincludingcomputerscience,engineering,musicandarchitecture,the

universityprefersindependentapplicantsandprovidespart-timejobsincampus.

Requirements:IELTS6.5⁺orTOEFL100⁺,HighSchoolGPA80⁺

AnnualTuitionFees:$28,400

Deadline:March27,2025

NationalUniversityofSingapore

Foundedin1905,asaworld-classuniversityinSingaporeandoneofthemostrenowned

institutionsinAsia,leadinginnaturalsciencesandcomputerscience,theuniversityinspires

toquestionboldly,explorenewideas,andadvocateproblem-solvingabilities.

Requirements:IELTS6.5⁺andNEMTscores650⁺,Ainallsubjects

AnnualTuitionFees:$25,200

Deadline:March3,2025

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology

Establishedin1891andlocatedinPasadena,California,asoneofthetopscienceand

engineeringinstitutions,particularlybest-knownforphysicalscience,theuniversityencourages

topursuedreamsandsupportstostartupbusiness.

Requirements:IELTSnotaccepted,TOEFL100⁺

AnnualTuitionFees:$26,577

Deadline:February20,2025

Formoreinformation,pleaseclick,whereprofessionalswillbeavailable.

1.Whichuniversitycanbeconsideredifyouwanttobeadoctor?

A.UniversityofSydney.B.UniversityofToronto.

C.NationalUniversityofSingapore.D.CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.

2.HowistheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologydifferentfromtheotheruniversities?

A.Thedeadlineisduefirst.B.Thefeesarethehighest.

C.Ithasthelongesthistory.D.ItonlyadmitsTOFFLscore.

3.Whereisthetextmostlikelytakenfrom?

A.Amagazine.B.Atextbook.C.Awebsite.D.Abrochure.

【答案】1.A2.D3.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四所世界著名大学的特色和要求，旨在为有志去国外学习深造的学

生提供关于这些大学的详细信息，帮助他们做出选择，以便申请这些大学的课程。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据UniversityofSydney中的第一句话“AsoneoftheoldestuniversitiesinAustralia,

setupin1850andknownforitsHealthScience,theuniversityadvocatestochallengeyourselves,

respectothersandembracediversity.(该校为澳大利亚最古老的大学之一，成立于1850年，以其健

康科学闻名，倡导学生挑战自我、尊重他人并拥抱多元性。)”可知，该校在医学领域有较强的教育和研究

背景。如果想成为一名医生，应考虑该校。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology中“Requirements:IELTSnotaccepted,TOEFL

100⁺(要求：不接授雅思，托福100分及以上)”，UniversityofSydney中的“Requirements:IELTS

6.5⁺orTOEFL100⁺andNEMTscoresabove70%(要求：雅思6.5分及以上或托福100分及以上，且全

国英语考试（NEMT）成绩达到70%以上。)”，UniversityofToronto中的“Requirements:IELTS6.5⁺

orTOEFL100⁺,HighSchoolGPA80⁺(要求：雅思6.5分及以上，或托福100分及以上；高中平均成

绩（GPA）80分及以上。)”，NationalUniversityofSingapore中的“Requirements:IELTS6.5⁺and

NEMTscores650⁺,Ainallsubjects(要求：雅思6.5分及以上，全国英语考试（NEMT）成绩650分

及以上，所有科目成绩为A。)”可知，四所学校中，加利福尼亚理工学院只接受托福成绩。故选D项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Formoreinformation,pleaseclick,where

professionalswillbeavailable.(欲了解更多信息，请点击,有专业人士为您服务。)”

可知，点击网址即可了解更多信息并得到专业服务，表明信息来源是一个平台或网站。故选C项。

B

IntheportofLeHavre,thedawnlightembracesthewater;smallboatsmovethroughthemist;

tallfactorychimneys(烟囱)mixtheirsmokewiththefog—animageofbeautyandharmonypainted

byClaudeMonetinImpression,Sunrise,invitingyoutostepintotheworldofImpressionism.

PaintedatdawnonNovember13,1872,thisoilpaintingpicturesaharborsceneenveloped

inmorningmist,andrevealsthebeautifulviewofdaybreakthroughtheinterplayoflightand

motion.Inthispainting,Monetabandonedthemainstreamacademicartstyleofhistime—distinct

boundariesandcolors.Instead,hefocusedoncolorrelationshipsandtheeffectsofoutdoorlight,

capturingthedelicatechangesofcolorsthroughreflectionsonthewatersurface,breakingthrough

thelimitsoftheartworldatthetime.

ThisartistictreasurenotonlyshowcasesMonet’suniqueinsightintotheinterplayoflight

andcolorinnaturebutalsomirrorshispioneeringapproachtoartisticcreation.Meanwhile,

itdescribesawarmandpeacefullife,representingpeople’sexpectationsforeconomicrecovery

andsocialstability.Theindustrialelementsinthepainting,suchasthesmokingchimneys,imply

thedevelopmentofsocietyandeconomicboomatthetime,suggestingthesocialchangesandthe

mentalityofpeopleinlate19thcenturyEurope.

Forathoroughappreciationofthisartworkanditssignificanceinarthistory,oneshould

examinetheprimarycolorsfeaturedinthepainting,suchaslightpurple,softred,blue-gray,

andorange-yellow,andfigureouthowtheyinteracttobringuptheatmosphereofasunrise.It’s

alsoimportanttofigureouthowMonetskillfullyseizedtheinstantthroughthecontrastoflight

andshadow,alongwithhisdeliberatearrangementofthesun,boats,andchimneys.Moreimportantly,

thesymbolicsignificanceofthesunrise,orwhatitmintsymbolizeintermsofhope,rebirth,

orsocietaltransformation,isathemethatviewersshouldconsiderrepeatedly.

4.Whatistheauthor’spurposebydescribingtheportatthebeginning?

A.Toconveyemotion.B.Toinvitepeopletovisit.

C.Toarousereaders’interest.D.Toshowcaseliterarytalent.

5.WhichwerebestdefinesClaudeMonetaccordingtothepassage?

A.Conservative.B.Innovative.C.Passive.D.Traditional.

6.WhichofthefollowingaspectsisNOTanalyzedinthetext?

A.Theuseofprimarycolorsinthepainting.

B.Theimpactofindustrialdevelopmentonsociety.

C.TheinfluenceofMonet’spaintingonfuturegenerations.

D.Monet’stechniqueincapturingtheinterplayoflightandcolor.

7.Whatcanbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?

A.Monet:TheGreatestMasterofArt

B.Monet:ThePioneerofImpressionism

C.ImpressionSunriseIsanArtisticRevolution

,

D.Impression,SunriseIsaMirrorforthe19thCenturyEurope

【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。它通过对ClaudeMonet的《日出·印象》这幅画的详细描述和深入分析，探讨了

画作的艺术特点、历史背景、象征意义以及在艺术史上的地位。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“IntheportofLeHavre,thedawnlightembracesthewater;smallboats

movethroughthemist;tallfactorychimneys(烟囱)mixtheirsmokewiththefog—animageof

beautyandharmonypaintedbyClaudeMonetinImpression,Sunrise,invitingyoutostepintothe

worldofImpressionism.(在勒阿弗尔港，晨光拥抱着水面；小船在雾中穿行；高大的工厂烟囱将烟与雾

混合在一起——克劳德·莫奈在《日出·印象》中描绘的美丽和谐的画面，邀请你走进印象派的世界)”可

知，文章开头通过详细描述勒阿弗尔港的黎明景色，使用了生动的视觉语言来吸引读者。这种描述手法的

目的是抓住读者的注意力，使他们对文章的主题产生兴趣，并激发其继续阅读下去的欲望，故选C。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Inthispainting,Monetabandonedthemainstreamacademicartstyleof

histime—distinctboundariesandcolors.Instead,hefocusedoncolorrelationshipsandthe

effectsofoutdoorlight,capturingthedelicatechangesofcolorsthroughreflectionsonthe

watersurface,breakıngthroughthelimitsoftheartworldatthetime.(在这幅画中，莫奈抛弃

了当时主流的学院派艺术风格——鲜明的边界和色彩。相反，他专注于色彩关系和室外光线的效果，通过

水面的反射捕捉色彩的微妙变化，突破了当时艺术界的限制)”和第三段“Thisartistictreasurenot

onlyshowcasesMonet’suniqueinsightintotheinterplayoflightandcolorinnaturebutalso

mirrorshispioneeringapproachtoartisticcreation.(这幅艺术珍品不仅展示了莫奈对自然中光与

色相互作用的独特见解，也反映了他开创性的艺术创作方法)”可知，莫奈放弃了当时主流的学术艺术风格

——明显的边界和颜色，而专注于色彩之间的关系和户外光线的效果，捕捉水面反射色彩的微妙变化，突

破了当时艺术界的限制。这表明莫奈是一个创新的艺术家，故选B。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“ThisartistictreasurenotonlyshowcasesMonet’suniqueinsightinto

theinterplayoflightandcolorinnaturebutalsomirrorshispioneeringapproachtoartistic

creation.Meanwhile,itdescribesawarmandpeacefullife,representingpeople’sexpectations

foreconomicrecoveryandsocialstability.Theindustrialelementsinthepainting,suchasthe

smokingchimneys,implythedevelopmentofsocietyandeconomicboomatthetime,suggestingthe

socialchangesandthementalityofpeopleinlate19thcenturyEurope.(这幅艺术珍品不仅展示

了莫奈对自然中光与色相互作用的独特见解，也反映了他开创性的艺术创作方法。同时，它描绘了一个温

暖和平的生活，代表了人们对经济复苏和社会稳定的期望。画中的工业元素，如冒烟的烟囱，暗示了当时

社会的发展和经济的繁荣，暗示了19世纪后期欧洲的社会变化和人们的心态)”可知，分析了莫奈的画作

展示了他对光与色彩相互作用的独特见解，以及他对艺术创作的开创性方法。同时，提到了画作如何反映

了当时社会的经济发展和人们对经济复苏与社会稳定的期望。但是，文中并没有提到莫奈的画作对未来几

代人的影响，故选C。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“IntheportofLeHavre,thedawnlightembracesthewater;smallboats

movethroughthemist;tallfactorychimneys(烟囱)mixtheirsmokewiththefog—animageof

beautyandharmonypaintedbyClaudeMonetinImpression,Sunrise,invitingyoutostepintothe

worldofImpressionism.(在勒阿弗尔港，晨光拥抱着水面；小船在雾中穿行；高大的工厂烟囱将烟与雾

混合在一起——克劳德·莫奈在《日出·印象》中描绘的美丽和谐的画面，邀请你走进印象派的世界)”以

及纵观全文可知，这篇文章主要对莫奈的画作《日出·印象》作了详细的描述和深入分析，重点是这幅画

作而非画家莫奈。文章介绍了画作内容、创作背景和手法、社会象征意义和欣赏方式等。就文章来说，它

从画作创作没有采用当时的艺术主流方式体现了它的创新；就现实来说，这幅画作是印象派的开山之作，C

项“《日出·印象》是一场艺术革命”符合。故选C。

C

ScientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermanyhavedevelopedafour-leggedrobotnamed

Mortithatcanautonomouslylearntowalkwithoutstruggling.Standingathalfametertall,Morti

canlearntowalkwithinonehour,inroughlythesameamountoftimeasanewbornhorse,which

isaremarkableachievementinthefieldofrobotics.

DesignedbyFelixRuppert,MortioperatesonanAIalgorithm(算法)thatcopiestheneural

(神经系统的)networksfoundinthespinalcords(脊髓)ofanimals,whichareresponsiblefor

controllingtherhythmicconductionofmusclesduringwalking.Morticanfollowthewayababy

animallearnstomove,asitalsofindsthemostefficientwaytousetheirmusclesbytrying

andinitiallytripping.“Justbylearningtouse-legsproperly,youbasicallygetenergy

efficiencyforfree,”saysRuppert.Thisisabigstepforwardintheworldofrobotics,where

energyefficiencyisakeyfactorinthepracticalapplicationofsuchtechnology.

AcommonchallengeforAIsystemsistheirabilitytoadaptwhentheenvironmentchanges.

Morti’sdesign,whichreliesonthecontinuousadjustmentofitsmovements,couldofferasolution

tothischallenge,potentiallymakingitperformbetterindynamicandchangingenvironments.

HillelChielatCaseWesternReserveUniversityinOhiosays,“Thebrainsofanimalscontain

structuresandknowledgethataidtheirlearning.SomeAIscanimitateanimal-likelearning,but

theirartificialnervoussystemsaregenerallynotyetascomplex”.

Morti’senergy-efficientlearningprocessanditscapacitytoadjusttoitsenvironmentare

indicativeofthefuturepossibilitiesinAIandrobotics.Thistechnologycouldpavetheway

forthedevelopmentofmoreadvancedandadaptablemachines,revolutionizingthewaywethink

aboutandinteractwithrobotics.Mortiisnotjustarobot,butaglanceintoafuturewhere

machinescanlearnandadaptwithalevelofefficiencyandresponsivenessthatwasoncethought

tobejustforlivingthings.

8.Whydoestheauthormention“anewbornhorse”inParagraph1?

A.ToshowthespeedatwhichMortilearnstowalk.

B.ToillustratethecomplexityofMorti’sAIalgorithm.

C.TocomparethesizeofMortitothatofanewbornhorse.

D.TohighlightthelessefficiencyofMorti’slearningprocess.

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutMorti’sAIalgorithmfromParagraph2?

A.ItintegratesmultipleAItechniques.

B.Itimitatestheneuralpathwaysinanimalbrains.

C.Itechoesthelearningstrategiesofyounganimals.

D.Itclonestheneuralnetworksinthespinalcordsofanimals.

10.HowdoesMonticopewiththechallengeofenvironmentalchanges?

ABylearningtouseitslegs.B.Byadjustingitsmovements.

.

C.Bycopyinghuman’sbehavior.D.Bypredictingenvironmentalchanges.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.ThechallengesAIfaces.

B.Thedevelopmentofanewalgorithm.

C.ThesimilaritiesbetweenMortiandlivingthings.

D.ThecreationandlearningprocessoftherobotMorti.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了德国马克斯普朗克研究所(MaxPlanckInstituteinGermany)

开发的四足机器人Morti能够自主学习行走而不跌倒的能力，以及这一成就在机器人领域的重要性。文章

还讨论了Morti在适应环境变化方面的潜力，以及这一技术对未来人工智能和机器人发展的启示。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Standingathalfametertall,Morticanlearntowalkwithinonehour,

inroughlythesameamountoftimeasanewbornhorse,whichisaremarkableachievementinthe

fieldofrobotics.(站起来半米高的Morti可以在一个小时内学会走路，这与一匹新生马的时间大致相同，

这是机器人领域的一项了不起的成就)”可知，作者在第一段提到“一匹新生的马”是为了展示Morti学走

路的速度。故选A。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“DesignedbyFelixRuppert,MortioperatesonanAIalgorithm(算法)that

copiestheneural(神经系统的)networksfoundinthespinalcords(脊髓)ofanimals,whichare

responsibleforcontrollingtherhythmicconductionofmusclesduringwalking.(由菲利克斯·鲁

珀特设计的Morti，采用了一种人工智能算法，该算法复制了动物脊髓中的神经网络，这些神经网络负责控

制行走时肌肉的节律传导)”可知，Morti的AI算法克隆动物脊髓中的神经网络。故选D。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“AcommonchallengeforAIsystemsistheirabilitytoadaptwhenthe

environmentchanges.Morti’sdesign,whichreliesonthecontinuousadjustmentofitsmovements,

couldofferasolutiontothischallenge,potentiallymakingitperformbetterindynamicand

changingenvironments.(人工智能系统面临的一个共同挑战是它们适应环境变化的能力。Morti的设计依

赖于其运动的持续调整，可以为这一挑战提供解决方案，有可能使其在动态和变化的环境中表现更好)”可

知，Morti依赖于其动作的连续调整来应对环境变化。故选B。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“ScientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermanyhavedevelopeda

four-leggedrobotnamedMortithatcanautonomouslylearntowalkwithoutstruggling.Standing

athalfametertall,Morticanlearntowalkwithinonehour,inroughlythesameamountoftime

asanewbornhorse,whichisaremarkableachievementinthefieldofrobotics.(德国马克斯普

朗克研究所的科学家们开发了一种名为Morti的四足机器人，它可以自主学习走路而不需要挣扎。站起来

半米高的Morti可以在一个小时内学会走路，这与一匹新生马的时间大致相同，这是机器人领域的一项了

不起的成就)”结合文章主要介绍了机器人Morti，包括其设计、AI算法、学习行走的能力以及其对机器人

技术未来的意义可知，这篇文章的主要内容是机器人Morti的创造和学习过程。故选D。

D

Withhunterswipingoutmostfruit-eatingbirdsintheforestofLambirHillsNationalPark

onwesternBorneobythe1990s,theskygrewduller,andinafewyears,sodidtheforest.Without

birdstospreadtheirseeds,thediversityoffruit-producingplantsdeclined,highlightingthe

criticalimportanceofseeddispersalforecosystemhealth.JustasJordiBascompte,anecologist

attheUniversityofZurich,callsit“thegluethatkeepsecologicalcommunitiestogether”.

Recently,astudyinSciencerevealsthatatleastone-thirdofEuropeanplantspeciesare

endangered.Thisincludesnotjustbirdsbutalsomammals,reptiles,andants.PedroJordano,

anotherecologist,illustratedthestudy“brilliantandcaptivating”butalso“alarming”,

warningthatthelossofseeddisperserscouldpreventplantsexpandingtheirrangestoadapt

toclimatechangeorrecoverfromwildfires,especiallyinEurope’shighlydisjointedlandscape.

RubenHeleno,acommunityecologist,said,“Weshouldnotbeafraidofusingthewordcrisis,”

giventhesituationthatplantspeciesarefacing.

SaraMendes,aPh.D.studentattheUniversityofCoimbra,searchedthroughthousandsof

studiesin26languages,focusingontermslikeseeddispersalandthemorethan900European

animalslikelytoconsumeseeds.“Theprojectrequiresacertainamountofcrazinesstobe

accomplished,”shesaid,addingthatinallmajorbiogeographicalareasinEurope,morethan

one-thirdofseed-dispersinganimalspeciesareeitherthreatenedordecreasing.

Furthermore,thestudydisclosesthatover60%ofplantshavefiveorfewerseeddispersers,

makingthemparticularlysusceptibletothedeclineordisappearanceofanyofthesecritical

species.Nearly80“veryhighconcern”interactionswhereboththeplantanditsdisperserare

threatenedordeclining,suchastheEuropeanfanpalmrelyingontheendangeredrabbit,have

beenidentified.

Despitetheextensivedata,significantgapsremain.InternationalUnionforConservation

ofNatureassessmentsareincompletefor67%oftheplantspecies,andtherolesofvarious

dispersers,especiallyforrareplants,arestillunclear.Ecologistswarnthatsimilarcrises

maybeunfoldingonothercontinents,continents,includingNorthAmerica.

12.What’stheprimarycauseofthedeclineinfruit-producingplantdiversityinLambirHills

NationalPark?

A.ThedisjointednessoftheEuropeanlandscape.B.Theabsenceofbirdstospreadplant

seeds.

C.Theimpactofclimatechangeonplantspecies.D.Theremovaloffruit-eatinganimalsby

hunters.

13.WhatisRubenHeleno’sattitudetowardsthesituationdescribedinthepassage?

A.Concerned.B.Optimistic.C.Neutral.D.Indifferent.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Stable.B.Sensitive.C.Adaptable.D.Resistant.

15.Howistheinformationorganizedinthearticle?

A.Timeorder.B.Problem-solutionformat.

C.Causeandeffectstructure.D.Comparisonamongdifferentspecies.

【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了种子传播在维持生态系统健康中的关键作用，以及人类狩猎行为

对种子传播者的影响。全文通过具体案例和科学研究，强调了种子传播者对植物多样性和生态系统稳定性

的重要性，并指出种子传播者和植物之间相互依赖的关系，旨在唤起人们对种子传播者减少及其对生态系

统影响的关注，并强调保护这些关键物种的紧迫性。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Withoutbirdstospreadtheirseeds,thediversityoffruit-producing

plantsdeclined,highlightingthecriticalimportanceofseeddispersalforecosystemhealth.

(没有鸟类传播种子，果树的多样性就会下降，这凸显了种子传播对生态系统健康的重要性)”可知，兰比

尔山国家公园水果生产植物多样性下降的主要原因是没有鸟类传播植物种子。故选B。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“PedroJordano,anotherecologist,illustratedthestudy“brilliantand

captivating”butalso“alarming”,warningthatthelossofseeddisperserscouldpreventplants

expandingtheirrangestoadapttoclimatechangeorrecoverfromwildfires,especiallyin

Europe’shighlydisjointedlandscape.RubenHeleno,acommunityecologist,said,“Weshould

notbeafraidofusingthewordcrisis,”giventhesituationthatplantspeciesarefacing.(另

一位生态学家PedroJordano表示，这项研究“精彩而迷人”，但也“令人担忧”，他警告说，种子传播

者的消失可能会阻止植物扩大范围以适应气候变化或从野火中恢复过来，尤其是在欧洲高度脱节的景观中。

社区生态学家鲁本·赫里诺说，考虑到植物物种所面临的情况，“我们不应该害怕使用危机这个词”)”可

知，他对种子传播者减少及其对植物适应气候变化和从野火中恢复过来的能力的影响，他认为要使用“危

机”一词，RubenHeleno对目前的植物状况感到担忧和关切。。故选A。

【14题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“over60%ofplantshavefiveorfewerseeddispersers(超过60%的植

物只有5个或更少的种子传播者)”以及后文“thedeclineordisappearanceofanyofthesecritical

species(这些关键物种的衰退或消失)”可知，超过60%的植物只有5个或更少的种子传播者，所以这些植

物对这些关键物种的减少或消失十分敏感。故划线词意思是“敏感”。故选B。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。文章从描述猎人消除种子传播者——鸟类开始，然后详细说明了这种消除对森林生物多样性

的影响，到进一步讨论了种子传播减少的后果，包括对植物物种适应气候变化和野火能力的影响。因此，

信息的组织方式是展示一系列因果关系，符合因果结构。故选C。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

ThingstoRememberWhenBookingaGroupTour

Whenitcomestotravellingabroad,manypeopleopttotakepartinagrouptourtogetthe

mostoutoftheirholiday.However,therearealwaysafewdetailstodealwithbeforeyoubook

yourtrip.___16___Thankfully,travelexpertDilvinYasahassharedhertipsforbookingagroup

tour.

●___17___Whenplanningagrouptour,youneedtoputexpensefirst.It’simportantto

“readtheitinerary(行程)carefullybeforeyoubookandaddupalltheexclusionsuntilyou

arriveatyour‘realfigure.’”Extracostscouldincludelunches,dinners,attractionsand

additionalactivities.

●Choosetherighttime.Selectingtherighttimeofyearforyourgrouptourcanmakeabig

difference.Considertheweatherconditions,peaktravelseasons,andanypublicholidaysorevents

thatmightaffectyouritinerary.___18___

●Stayconnected.Incaseofemergenciesorchangesinplans,it’simportanttostayconnected.

Ensureeveryonehasthenecessarycontactinformation,includingemergencycontactsandtravel

insurancedetails.Havingaportablechargerorpowerbankcanalsobehandytokeepdevicespowered

up.

●Keepsomecashonhand.___19___However,youshouldalwaysbepreparedforextracash.

Especiallywhentravellingtomoreremotelocations,orifyou’revisitingsmallerfoodstands

ormarkets,youshouldn’tassumeeverywherewilltakecardpayments.Yasasaid,“Makesureyou

havelocalcurrencyonyouatalltimesandyou’regoodtogo.”

___20___Withthesetipsinmind,youcanensureamemorableandenjoyableexperiencefor

everyoneinvolved.

A.Bookinadvance.

B.Budgetaccordingly.

C.Herearesometipstoconsider.

D.Runningintoissuesonatourcanbreakyourvacation.

E.Mostofyourtourexpenseshavealreadybeenpaidbeforeyoudepart.

F.Avoidingpeakseasonscanoftenleadtolowercostsandfewercrowds.

G.Planningagrouptourrequirescarefulconsiderationandorganization.

【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.E20.G

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预订团体游时需要考虑的一些建议。

【16题详解】

上文“However,therearealwaysafewdetailstodealwithbeforeyoubookyourtrip.(然而，

在你预订旅行之前，总有一些细节需要处理。)”提到在预订团体游之前有一些需要注意的事项，下文

“Thankfully,travelexpertDilvinYasahassharedhertipsforbookingagrouptour.(值得庆

幸的是，旅游专家DilvinYasa分享了她预订团体游的建议。)”说明下文要介绍一些预订团体游的建议。

由此可知，空白处起承上启下的作用，需要说明预订团体游时如果不注意一些事项可能会遇到的问题。选

项D“旅行中遇到问题可能会破坏你的假期”符合语境。故选D。

【17题详解】

下文“Whenplanningagrouptour,youneedtoputexpensefirst.(在计划团体游时，你需要把费用

放在第一位。)”中的expense是关键词，说明本段主要讲的是费用问题。选项B“相应地做预算”能够概

括本段内容，其中Budget与下文的expense相呼应。故选B。

【18题详解】

上文“Selectingtherighttimeofyearforyourgrouptourcanmakeabigdifference.Consider

theweatherconditions,peaktravelseasons,andanypublicholidaysoreventsthatmightaffect

youritinerary.(为你的团体游选择一年中的合适时间会有很大的不同。考虑天气状况、旅游旺季以及任

何可能影响你行程的公共假期或活动。)”说明选择团体游的时间很重要，需要考虑多种因素。选项F“避

开高峰期往往可以降低成本，减少人群”与上文内容相呼应，进一步说明了选择非高峰期的好处。故选F。

【19题详解】

下文“However,youshouldalwaysbepreparedforextracash.Especiallywhentravellingtomore

remotelocations,orifyou’revisitingsmallerfoodstandsormarkets,youshouldn’tassume

everywherewilltakecardpayments.(然而，你应该随时准备额外的现金。特别是当你去更偏远的地方

旅行，或者如果你去的是较小的食品摊或市场，你不应该认为每个地方都接受刷卡支付。)”中的However

表示转折，说明空白处与下文内容相反，且下文提到了准备额外的现金，由此可推测空白处讲的是大部分

费用已经支付了。选项E“在你出发之前