2026年英语基础能力试题及答案

2026年英语基础能力试题及答案第一部分听力理解（共15小题，满分15分）第一节：听下面5段短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:30B.8:00C.8:302.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.InabookstoreB.InarestaurantC.Inalibrary3.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.GohikingB.AttendalectureC.Visithisgrandparents4.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetwotickets?A.15dollarsB.25dollarsC.30dollars5.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestionfortheman?A.RestforaweekB.TakemoreexerciseC.Takethemedicineontime第二节：听下面2段较长对话，每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewoman’smajor?A.EnvironmentalscienceB.BusinessmanagementC.Englishliterature7.Whydoesthewomanwanttotakethepart-timejob?A.ToearnpocketmoneyB.TogainworkexperienceC.TopracticeherspokenEnglish听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatiswrongwiththewoman’sbike?A.ThetireisflatB.ThebrakeisbrokenC.Thechainfelloff9.Whenwillthewomanusethebike?A.TomorrowmorningB.TomorrowafternoonC.Thedayaftertomorrow10.Howmuchwilltherepaircost?A.10yuanB.20yuanC.Freeofcharge第三节：听下面一段独白，独白后有5个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。独白读两遍。11.Whendidthespeakerstartthevoluntarywork?A.Attheageof12B.Attheageof14C.Attheageof1612.WheredoesthespeakerworkasavolunteereverySaturday?A.Inachildren’shospitalB.Inanoldpeople’shomeC.Inacommunitypark13.Whatdoesthespeakerusuallydofortheoldpeople?A.CookmealsB.RepairfurnitureC.Readnewspapersaloud14.Whatgiftdidthespeakerreceivelastmonth?A.Ahand-madescarfB.Ahand-writtenletterC.Ahand-paintedfan15.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthevoluntarywork?A.TiringbutmeaningfulB.BoringbutnecessaryC.Relaxingandfun第二部分词汇与语法运用（共15小题，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。16.Iusuallyhave______eggandaglassofmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.A.aB.anC.theD./17.Mycousinwillcometovisitme______theendofJuly.A.atB.inC.onD.for18.—______doyougotothesportscentertoplaybadminton?—Twiceamonth.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowoftenD.Howfar19.ThefilmTheWanderingEarth2issowonderfulthatI______ittwicealready.19.ThefilmTheWanderingEarth2issowonderfulthatI______ittwicealready.A.watchB.watchedC.havewatchedD.willwatch20.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillputoffthespringouting.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israining21.Ourteacheralwaystellsus______carefullyinclass.A.listenB.listeningC.tolistenD.listened22.______helpfuladviceyougavemeyesterday!Ithelpedmesolvetheproblemeasily.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa23.Lilyismuch______thanheryoungersister,soshealwaystakescareofherverywell.A.matureB.morematureC.mostmatureD.themostmature24.—Isthatyournewpenpal?—No,it______behim.HehasgonetoLondonforasummercamp.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t25.Iwillneverforgetthedays______Ispentwithmyclassmatesinthemountainvillagelastsummer.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when26.The2026WinterOlympics______inItalyanditisthefirsttimethetwocountrieshosttheeventtogether.A.willholdB.isheldC.willbeheldD.washeld27.Youcanborrowmydictionary______youreturnittomebeforeFriday.A.assoonasB.aslongasC.evenifD.sothat28.______youfinishyourhomeworkfirst,youcan’tplaycomputergames.A.UnlessB.IfC.BecauseD.Though29.—Couldyoutellme______forthemeetingyesterday?—Becausethetrafficwastooheavyontheroad.A.whywereyoulateB.whyyouwerelateC.whyareyoulateD.whyyouarelate30.WhenIwalkedpasttheclassroomyesterdayafternoon,Isawsomestudents______theclassroom.A.cleanB.cleanedC.cleaningD.toclean第三部分完形填空（共10小题，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastyear,Idecidedtotakepartinacommunitywaste-sortingactivity.Atfirst,Ithoughtitwouldbevery31tostandunderthesunforthreehourseveryweekend,tellingpeoplehowtosorttheirwaste.Butafterjoiningthefirstactivity,my32changedcompletely.Onthefirstday,anoldgrandmacametomewithabagofwaste,lookingvery33.Shesaidshedidn’tknowhowtosorttheleftoverfoodandplasticbottlescorrectly.I34herpatientlyfornearlytenminutes,andshefinallyunderstood.Shethankedmeagainandagain,whichmademefeelvery35.Later,Ifoundthatmanypeopleactuallywantedtosortwastecorrectly,36theydidn’thaveaclearknowledgeoftherules.SoImadesomesmallleafletswithclearpicturesandwordsaboutwastesorting,and37themouttopeoplepassingby.Manypeoplesaidtheleafletswereveryuseful.Now,Ihavebeendoingthisworkfornearlyayear.Ihavemademanynewfriendsandlearnedalotof38communicationskills.What’smore,thewastesortingrateinourcommunityhas39from30%to75%now.Ifeelso40ofmyselfthatIcanmakeasmallcontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment.31.A.interestingB.boringC.excitingD.relaxing32.A.opinionB.hobbyC.dreamD.habit33.A.angryB.proudC.worriedD.satisfied34.A.askedB.remindedC.trainedD.explained35.A.guiltyB.happyC.tiredD.embarrassed36.A.soB.orC.butD.and37.A.gaveB.tookC.putD.threw38.A.strangeB.usefulC.privateD.common39.A.reducedB.stoppedC.risenD.kept40.A.tiredB.afraidC.sureD.proud第四部分阅读理解（共20小题，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACommunitySummerActivitiesNoticeToenrichthelifeofresidents,ourcommunitywillholdaseriesofsummeractivitiesinAugust.Allresidentsarewelcometojoin!Activity1:SummerReadingClubTime:EveryWednesday14:00-16:00,August2-23Place:CommunityLibraryContent:Shareyourfavoritebooks,takepartinreadingcompetitions,andwinsmallgiftsincludingbookmarks,notebooksandstorybooks.Peopleofallagesarewelcome.Activity2:SquareDanceCompetitionTime:August12,19:00-21:00Place:CommunitySquareContent:Teamsof8-12peoplecansignupbeforeAugust5.Thefirstprizeisasetofkitchenutensilsworth500yuan,thesecondprizeisashoppingcardworth300yuan,andthethirdprizeisaboxofmilkforeachteammember.Activity3:EnvironmentalProtectionPublicClassTime:August19,9:00-11:00Place:CommunityActivityHallContent:Teachersfromthelocalenvironmentalprotectionbureauwillteachyouhowtosaveelectricity,sortwastecorrectlyandgrowgreenplantsathome.Allpeoplewhoattendwillgetasmallpottedplantforfree.Activity4:Children’sTalentShowTime:August27,14:00-17:00Place:CommunityCultureCenterContent:Childrenaged5-12canshowtheirtalentsincludingsinging,dancing,painting,playingmusicalinstrumentsandsoon.Everychildwhotakespartwillgetaschoolbagasasouvenir.Telmail:community2026@163.com41.Howmanyactivitiesarementionedinthenotice?A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.Six42.IfyouwanttotakepartintheSquareDanceCompetition,youneedtosignupbefore______.A.August2B.August5C.August12D.August2743.WhatwillpeoplegetiftheyattendtheEnvironmentalProtectionPublicClass?A.AsmallpottedplantB.AshoppingcardC.AsetofkitchenutensilsD.Aschoolbag44.WhocantakepartintheChildren’sTalentShow?A.3-year-oldLindaB.10-year-oldTomC.15-year-oldJackD.20-year-oldMary45.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothenotice?A.TheSummerReadingClubisheldeveryFridayafternoon.B.TheSquareDanceCompetitionwilllastfor3hours.C.TheEnvironmentalProtectionPublicClassisheldintheCommunityActivityHall.D.Youcancaloaskformoreinformationabouttheactivities.BWhenIwas10yearsold,myfamilymovedtoasmalltown.Ournewhousehadabigyard,buttheyardwasfullofweedsandlookedverymessy.Mygrandma,wholivedwithus,decidedtoplantsunflowersintheyard.Iwasveryconfused,becauseIthoughtitwouldtakealotofefforttocleantheyardfirst.Butmygrandmadidn’tcare.Shetookmetotheseedstoretobuysunflowerseeds,andthenweclearedtheweedstogethereveryafternoonforaweek.Finally,wesowedtheseedsinthesoil.Iwateredthemeveryday,butfornearlytwoweeks,therewasnosignofgrowth.Iwasverydisappointedandwantedtogiveup.Butmygrandmasaid:“Bepatient,littleone.Goodthingsalwaystaketime.”Onthe15thday,Isuddenlyfoundasmallgreensproutcomingoutofthesoil.IwassoexcitedthatIjumpedupanddown.Afewmonthslater,thesunflowersgrewverytall,withbiggoldenflowersfacingthesun.EverytimeIlookedatthebeautifulsunflowers,Ifeltveryhappyandproud.Now,Iamaseniorhighschoolstudent.Ioftenmeetdifficultiesinmystudyandlife.WheneverIwanttogiveup,Iwillthinkofthesunflowersmygrandmaplanted.IknowthataslongasIkeepworkinghardandbepatient,Iwillfinallygetthe“sunflower”thatbelongstome.46.Whatwastheyardlikewhenthewriter’sfamilymovedtothenewhouse?A.CleanandtidyB.FullofsunflowersC.FullofweedsandmessyD.Fullofsmallgreenplants47.Whywasthewriterconfusedatfirst?A.Becausehedidn’tlikesunflowers.B.Becausehethoughtplantingsunflowersrequiredtoomuchefforttocleantheyardfirst.C.Becausehedidn’tknowhowtoplantsunflowers.D.Becausehisgrandmadidn’tlethimplayintheyard.48.Howlongdidittakeforthesunflowerseedstosprout?A.7daysB.10daysC.15daysD.30days49.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sprout”inParagraph3meaninChinese?A.根B.芽C.叶D.花50.Whatdoesthewriterlearnfromtheexperienceofplantingsunflowers?A.Itiseasytoplantsunflowers.B.Oldpeoplearealwaysright.C.Weshouldbepatientandkeepworkinghardwhenmeetingdifficulties.D.Sunflowersarethemostbeautifulflowersintheworld.CWaterisveryimportanttoalllivingthings.Withoutwater,therewillbenolifeontheearth.Butnow,theproblemofwatershortageisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousinmanypartsoftheworld.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,nearly2billionpeopledon’thavecleandrinkingwater,andmorethan3billionpeoplelackproperwatersanitationfacilities.Therearetwomainreasonsforwatershortage.Ononehand,theworld’spopulationisgrowingveryfast,sothedemandforwaterisincreasingyearbyyear.Ontheotherhand,alotofwaterresourceshavebeenpollutedbyindustrialwastewater,domesticsewageandagriculturalchemicalpollution.Whatcanwedotosavewaterinourdailylife?First,weshouldturnoffthetapintimewhenwearebrushingourteethorwashingourhands,whichcansavenearly6litersofwatereverytime.Second,wecanreusethewater.Forexample,thewaterusedtowashricecanbeusedtowaterflowers,andthewaterusedtowashclothescanbeusedtocleanthefloor.Third,weshouldnotthrowrubbishintoriversorlakes,topreventwaterpollution.Ifeveryonemakesasmallefforttosavewater,wecanmakeabigdifferencetotheworld.51.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofwaterandtheserioussituationofwatershortage.B.Theuseofwaterinpeople’sdailylife.C.Thewaystosavewater.D.Thereasonsforwaterpollution.52.Howmanyreasonsforwatershortagearementionedinthepassage?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four53.Howmuchwatercanwesaveeverytimeifweturnoffthetapintimewhenbrushingteeth?A.Nearly2litersB.Nearly4litersC.Nearly6litersD.Nearly8liters54.WhichofthefollowingisNOTagoodwaytosavewater?A.Turnoffthetapintimewhenwashinghands.B.Usethewaterwashedricetowaterflowers.C.Userunningwatertowashcarsdirectly.D.Reusethewaterusedtowashclothestocleanthefloor.55.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Totellpeopletheimportanceofwater.B.Tointroducethesituationofwatershortageintheworld.C.Toexplainthereasonsforwaterpollution.D.Tocallonpeopletosavewaterindailylife.DNowadays,moreandmorepeopleprefertobuysecond-handgoodsinsteadofnewones.Second-handtradingplatformsarebecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Accordingtoareport,themarketsizeofChina’ssecond-handgoodstradereached1.2trillionyuanin2025,anditisexpectedtoreach2trillionyuanby2027.Therearemanyadvantagesofbuyingsecond-handgoods.Firstofall,itismuchcheaperthanbuyingnewgoods.Forexample,youcanbuyanearlynewmobilephoneathalfthepriceofanewone,whichcansaveyoualotofmoney.Second,itisgoodfortheenvironment.Buyingsecond-handgoodsmeansthatthegoodscanbereused,whichreducesthewasteofresourcesandcutsdowntheamountofrubbish.Third,youcanfindmanyrareorout-of-printgoodsthatarenolongersoldinthemarket.Forexample,someoldbooks,vintageclothesandantiquecollectibles.Ofcourse,therearealsosomeproblemswhenbuyingsecond-handgoods.Forexample,thequalityofthegoodsmaynotbeasgoodasdescribed,andtheremaybenoafter-salesservice.Sowhenyoubuysecond-handgoods,youshouldcheckthegoodscarefullybeforepaying,andchooseareliabletradingplatform.56.WhatwasthemarketsizeofChina’ssecond-handgoodstradein2025?A.1trillionyuanB.1.2trillionyuanC.2trillionyuanD.2.2trillionyuan57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofbuyingsecond-handgoods?A.Itismuchcheaper.B.Itisgoodfortheenvironment.C.Youcanfindrareout-of-printgoods.D.Ithasperfectafter-salesservice.58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vintage”inParagraph2probablymean?A.复古的B.便宜的C.破旧的D.流行的59.Whatshouldyoudowhenbuyingsecond-handgoodsaccordingtothepassage?A.Buythecheapestgoodsdirectly.B.Checkthegoodscarefullybeforepaying.C.Don’tcheckthegoodsandpaydirectly.D.Choosethemostexpensivegoods.60.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofbuyingsecond-handgoods.B.Thedevelopmentofsecond-handtradingplatforms.C.Thewaystobuygoodsecond-handgoods.D.Thehistoryofsecond-handgoodstradeinChina.第五部分书面表达（满分20分）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom最近在邮件中说他对中国的环保活动非常感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，介绍你上周参加的学校组织的“绿色校园”环保活动的内容，并邀请他今年暑假来中国体验更多的环保活动。要求：1.词数：80-100词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；2.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名；3.要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。DearTom,Howiseverythinggoing?I’mwritingtotellyouaboutthe“GreenCampus”activityheldinourschoollastweek.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua参考答案及详细解析听力理解听力原文：第一节1.M:Themeetingstartsat8:30.Westillhaveonehourleft.Don’tworry.W:Oh,good.I’mafraidwewillbelate.2.W:Excuseme,IwanttoborrowabookaboutthehistoryoftheTangDynasty.M:OK,it’sonthethirdshelfoverthere.Youcankeepitfortwoweeks.3.W:Wouldyouliketogohikingwithusthisweekend?M:I’dloveto,butIhavetoattendalectureaboutglobalwarming.4.M:Howmuchistheticketfortheexhibition?W:15dollarsforanadult,andhalfpriceforstudents.M:OK,twostudenttickets,please.5.M:Ihaveabadcold.Thedoctorgavemesomemedicine.W:Youshouldtakeitontime,anddrinkmorewarmwater.Youwillbebettersoon.第二节Conversation6M:Hi,areyouheretoapplyforthepart-timeassistantinourcompany?W:Yes,I’macollegestudent.Mymajorisenvironmentalscience.M:Oh,good.Whydoyouwanttotakethispart-timejob?W:Iwillgraduatenextyear,soIwanttogainsomeworkexperiencerelatedtomymajorfirst.M:OK,wewillgiveyouareplyinthreedays.W:Thankyouverymuch.Conversation7W:Excuseme,mybike’sbrakeisbroken.Canyourepairit?M:Letmehavealook.Oh,it’snotabigproblem.W:WhencanIpickitup?Ineedtouseittomorrowmorning.M:Noproblem,youcancometogetitat6thisafternoon.W:HowmuchshouldIpay?M:It’sfreeofcharge.Itonlytakesmeafewminutestofixit.W:Thankyousomuch.第三节Hello,everyone.MynameisLiMing.I’ma16-year-oldhighschoolstudent.IstartedtodovoluntaryworkwhenIwas14yearsold.EverySaturday,Igototheoldpeople’shomenearmyhometoworkasavolunteer.Iusuallyreadnewspapersaloudfortheoldpeoplewhohavepooreyesight,andtalkwiththemaboutinterestingthingshappenedthesedays.Lastmonth,an80-year-oldgrandmagavemeahand-madescarfsheknittedherselfasagift.Iwasverymoved.ManypeopleaskmeifIfeeltireddoingthisworkeveryweek.Actually,yes,sometimesIfeelalittletired,butIthinkitisverymeaningful.Icanbringhappinesstotheoldpeople,andIalsolearnalotfromthem.答案解析：1.A会议8:30开始，还有1小时，当前时间为7:30。2.C对话提及借书、借阅期限，场景为图书馆。3.B男士明确表示周末要参加全球变暖主题讲座。4.A学生票为成人票半价7.5美元，两张共15美元。5.C女士建议男士按时吃药，多喝温水。6.A女士明确说明自己的专业是环境科学。7.B女士做兼职是为了积累和专业相关的工作经验。8.B女士的自行车刹车损坏。9.A女士明天早上需要用到自行车。10.C维修人员明确表示维修免费。11.B说话者14岁时开始做志愿工作。12.B说话者每周六去养老院做志愿者。13.C说话者通常给视力不好的老人大声读报纸。14.A上个月说话者收到了老奶奶手工织的围巾。15.A说话者认为志愿工作有点累但非常有意义。听力答案：1-5ACBAC6-10ABBAC11-15BBCAA词汇与语法运用16.B解析：egg以元音音素开头，表泛指用不定冠词an。17.A解析：固定搭配attheendof表示“在……末尾”。18.C解析：答语为频率表述，用howoften提问动作发生的频率。19.C解析：already是现在完成时标志词，结构为have/has+过去分词。20.B解析：if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用rains。21.C解析：固定搭配tellsb.todosth.表示“告诉某人做某事”。22.A解析：感叹句中心词为不可数名词advice，用what引导，不加冠词。23.B解析：than为比较级标志，mature的比较级为moremature。24.B解析：表否定推测“不可能”用can’t，mustn’t表禁止，needn’t表不需要。25.A解析：定语从句先行词为days，指物，且在从句中作spent的宾语，用关系代词which。26.C解析：2026年冬奥会为将来事件，且是被举办，用一般将来时的被动语态w