Unit 3 单元基础小练习-2022-2023学年高中英语（牛津译林版2020必修第一册）

必修一unit3单元基础小练习一、词汇变形1．originaladj.起初的；独创的；原作的→___________n．起源→___________adv.最初2．recovervi.恢复健康；恢复常态vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→___________n．恢复3．judgevt.&vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n．法官；裁判员→___________n．判断4．apologizevi.道歉，谢罪→___________n．道歉5．behavio(u)rn．行为，举止，态度→___________vi.举止6．suffervi.受苦，受折磨；变差vt.遭受，蒙受→___________n．痛苦，苦难→___________n．患者，受难者7．explodevi.爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发vt.使爆炸→___________n．爆炸；爆发8．respectvt.尊重，尊敬n．尊敬，敬意；重视→___________adj.表示敬意的→___________adj.体面的；值得尊敬的9．efficientadj.效率高的，有功效的→___________n．效率；效能10．reflectionn．沉思；反射；映像；反映→___________v．反思；反射11．comfortvt.宽慰，抚慰n．舒服；安慰→___________adj.舒服的12．benefitn．优势，益处，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于→___________adj.有益的二、重点短语1．_____________________(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃2．_____________________脱离某人的视线3．_____________________社交媒体4．_____________________能够出席；准时到达；获得成功5．_____________________不知所措，困惑6．_____________________有错，应承担责任7．_____________________无论如何，不管怎样8．_____________________放弃，摒弃；松手，放开9．_____________________依赖，依靠，指望10．_____________________腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏11．_____________________损害……之间的关系，离间；妨碍12．_____________________亲自，亲身13．_____________________最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分14．_____________________不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦三、阅读理解ATommy,a26-year-oldchimp(猩猩),livesinasmallcageinausedtrucksaleslotinNewYork.Retiredfrommovieworkandwhateverelseonceoccupiedhim,hehasnochimpfriendstokeephimcompany—justaTV.HeisworldsawayfromtherainforestofWesternAfrica,wherechimpsspendmostoftheirlivesintrees,hunting,andsocializingtogether.Hisownerhasn'tbrokenanylaws,butananimalrightsgroupcalledtheNonhumanRightsProject(NhRP)istryingtochangetheview.Thegroupsayschimpshavesuchahumanlikeintelligencethattheyshouldberecognizedas“legalpersons"andbeplacedinananimalshelterandwanderfree.You'veprobablyheardtheterm“animalrights”,butanimalsdon'tactuallyhaverightsinmanycountries.Animal-welfarelawspunishpeoplewhomistreatanimals,butthat'snotthesameaschimpshavingarighttolibertyoranythingelse.NhRP'sfirststepistoaskajudgetoendpeople'sunjustarrestonbehalfofTommyandotherprivatelyownedchimps.Ifthecourtdecidestorecognizechimpsaslegalpersons,NhRP'snextstepwillbearguingforwhatrightsthechimpsshouldbegranted."Therightthatwebelievetheyshouldhavemostofallistherighttobodilyliberty,"saysWise,aNhRPgroupmember."Theyshouldbeabletochoosehowtolivetheirlives.”Tommy'sowner,PatLavery,saysherescuedTommyfromacarelessowneraboutadecadeagoanddeniesthechimpismistreatedorunhappy."Helikesbeingbyhimself,"hesays.“There'sadangerinmakingajumptosaythey'rejustlikepeople,"saysRichardCupp,aprofessorwhowritesaboutanimalsandthelaw."Ifwe'rereallyfocusedonchimpsbeingvery,verysmart,thenwhoknowsifmaybesomedaywemight…say,‘Hey,here'saparticularhumanbeingthat'snotverysmartatall,maybethechimpshavehigherstatusthanthisperson.’”1.WhatcanweknowaboutTommy?A.Heislivingaverylonelylife.B.Hedislikeslivingintherainforest.C.Helikeswatchingmoviesverymuch,D.HewasillegallyboughtbyPatLavery.2.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Greatprogresshasbeenmadeonimprovinganimalrights.B.PatLaveryisthoughttomistreatTommybyNhRP.C.Animalrightsaregoingfrombadtoworse.D.Animalrightshavebeenadmittedinwesterncountries.3.What'sthefinalgoalNhRPwantstoachieve?A.Toensurechimps'bodilysafety. B.Tostopillegalhuntingofchimps.C.Tohelpchimpsfindtheirfamilies. D.Tohelpchimpsenjoytheirfreedom.4.What'sRichardCupp'sattitudetowardsNhRP'seffortstowinrightsforchimps?A.Hopeful, B.Uncaring.C.Worried. D.Supportive.BSeveralyearsago,IreadaboutWilliamHelmreichwalkingeverystreetinNewYorkCity.Ithought,“IcandothatforMontreal.”Withlittlehesitation,Idevotedthenextfiveyearsofmylifetotheproject.I’makeenwalker,butIdidlittlepreparationforthisundertaking.AllIdidwastobuyamap.Itdidn’tevenshowallofMontreal.So,whenIsayIwalkedeverystreetinMontreal,Iactuallywalkedthefulllengthofeverystreetonmymap.Ineverwalkedthroughanyshabbyneighborhoods.Fromoneendofmymaptotheother,allhouseswerewelllookedafter.Peoplewenttogreatlengthstodecoratetheirhomes,andwiththiscameoneofthegreatpleasuresofmywalks:thedifferentmeasurestheytooktodecoratetheirfrontage(正面).Idiscoveredthatpigsareapopulardecorativeelementthroughoutthecity.Thetypethatisdressedupashumans,Imean.Isawpigswearingdresses,shirts,andevenswimmingcostumes.Theyweren’ttheonlyanimalsaroundeither.Onegarden’sgiantmoosewasparticularlyeye-catching.Everyoutinghasitswonders.Neverassumeaneighborhoodhaslittleofinteresttooffer.Youmustbetrainedtoseekoutstrangethings.Otherwise,youmightneverspottheclothesonthesidewalks.IfIstoppedtocollecteverythingIsawlyingaroundabandoned,Icouldfitoutasmallcountry.Wheredidtheycomefrom?Howdidpeoplelosetheirshoeswhileoutwalking?Apuzzle.TherewasenoughfuninmywalksthatI’dhaveafewlaughsandcomehomelighter-heartedthanwhenIleft.Asmyprojectprogressed,IfeltlikeIownedthecity.Icouldgetoffatanysubwaystationandmyfeetrememberedtheroutetothebestshops.Theyalsoconvenientlyrecalledthelocationoftheclosestwashrooms.Anyonecangetinonthiswalkinggame.Iadmitwithsomeshame,Iusedtofeelcompletelyfulfilledhuddled(蜷缩)inmypartoftownbutwalkingitsstreetshastrulyopenedmyeyestoMontreal’sfullmenu.Sojustheadtoaneighborhoodtonosearound.Icanassureyouthatyou’llfeellikeapioneerwiththediscoveriesyoubringback.1.WhydidtheauthordecidedtowalkthestreetsofMontreal?A.Herfriendstoldhertodoso.B.Shewantedtodosomeresearch.C.Shewantedtogetsomeexercise.D.Shewasinspiredbysomcone’sexperience.2.WhatdoweknowabouthousesinMontreal?A.Manyhousesareabandoned.B.Allhousesaredecoratedwithpigs.C.Peopleenjoydecoratingtheirhouses.D.Mostpeoplekeeppetsintheirhouses.3.Whatamazedtheauthorduringhertrips?A.Largenumbersofhouses.B.Thedecorationofsubwaystations.C.Theclothesdesertedonsidewalks.D.Animalswalkingonthestreets.4.Howdidtheauthorfeelonherwalk?A.Cheerfulandsatisfied. B.ThrilledandenergeticC.Relievedandgrateful. D.Puzzledanddisappointed三、写作：你假定你是李华。你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英文网站展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包括：1.阐明写信事由；2.征求建议；3.表示感谢。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________词汇1．originaladj.起初的；独创的；原作的→originn．起源→originallyadv.最初2．recovervi.恢复健康；恢复常态vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→recoveryn．恢复3．judgevt.&vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n．法官；裁判员→judg(e)mentn．判断4．apologizevi.道歉，谢罪→apologyn．道歉5．behavio(u)rn．行为，举止，态度→behavevi.举止6．suffervi.受苦，受折磨；变差vt.遭受，蒙受→sufferingn．痛苦，苦难→sufferern．患者，受难者7．explodevi.爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发vt.使爆炸→explosionn．爆炸；爆发8．respectvt.尊重，尊敬n．尊敬，敬意；重视→respectfuladj.表示敬意的→respectableadj.体面的；值得尊敬的9．efficientadj.效率高的，有功效的→efficiencyn．效率；效能10．reflectionn．沉思；反射；映像；反映→reflectv．反思；反射11．comfortvt.宽慰，抚慰n．舒服；安慰→comfortableadj.舒服的12．benefitn．优势，益处，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有益的短语1．ontherocks(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃2．outofone’ssight脱离某人的视线3．socialmedia社交媒体4．makeit能够出席；准时到达；获得成功5．ataloss不知所措，困惑6．inthewrong有错，应承担责任7．inanycase无论如何，不管怎样8．letgoof放弃，摒弃；松手，放开9．counton依赖，依靠，指望10．eatawayat腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏11．co