2026秋小学数学二升三年级暑假专项提升训练（乘法比多比少应用题19天）

2026秋小学数学二升三年级暑假专项提升训练（乘法比多比少应用题19天）第1天基础入门：简单乘法几倍应用题（基础巩固）解题小贴士：求一个数的几倍是多少，用乘法计算，公式：小数×倍数=大数1、小明有4支铅笔，小红的铅笔数量是小明的2倍，小红有多少支铅笔？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、一本练习本3元，一本故事书的价格是练习本的5倍，这本故事书多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、花坛里有6朵红花，黄花的数量是红花的3倍，黄花有多少朵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、一只兔子重2千克，一只小狗的重量是兔子的4倍，小狗重多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、二年级一班有5名值日生，二年级二班值日生人数是一班的2倍，二班有几名值日生？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、一根短跳绳长2米，一根长跳绳的长度是短跳绳的6倍，长跳绳长多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、小明每分钟走3米，爸爸每分钟走的路程是小明的3倍，爸爸每分钟走多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、文具盒里有7块橡皮，尺子的数量是橡皮的2倍，尺子有多少把？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、果园里有8棵梨树，苹果树的棵数是梨树的4倍，苹果树有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、超市每袋糖果4元，每盒巧克力的价格是糖果的5倍，巧克力每盒多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第2天基础进阶：几倍多几一步乘法应用题解题小贴士：几倍多几问题，先算倍数乘法，再用结果加多出的数量1、小明有5张卡片，小刚的卡片数量是小明的2倍多3张，小刚有多少张卡片？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、二年级有6个绘画小组，书法小组的数量是绘画小组的3倍多2个，书法小组有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、一根彩带长4分米，一根丝带的长度是彩带的4倍多2分米，丝带长多少分米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、一只小鸡重3千克，一只小鸭的重量是小鸡的2倍多1千克，小鸭重多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、书架上有7本漫画书，童话书的数量是漫画书的2倍多4本，童话书有多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、路边有9棵杨树，柳树的棵数是杨树的3倍多5棵，柳树有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、小红每分钟写4个汉字，小丽每分钟写的字数是小红的3倍多2个，小丽每分钟写多少个字？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、每个笔记本5元，每个书包的价格是笔记本的6倍多8元，书包多少钱一个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、鱼缸里有6条金鱼，热带鱼的数量是金鱼的4倍多3条，热带鱼有多少条？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、操场上有8名跳绳的同学，跑步的同学人数是跳绳的2倍多6名，跑步的同学有多少名？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第3天基础进阶：几倍少几一步乘法应用题解题小贴士：几倍少几问题，先算倍数乘法，再用结果减缺少的数量1、小红有8块橡皮，小兰的橡皮数量是小红的2倍少3块，小兰有多少块橡皮？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、花园里有7株月季，牡丹的株数是月季的3倍少4株，牡丹有多少株？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、一支圆珠笔3元，一支钢笔的价格是圆珠笔的5倍少2元，钢笔多少钱一支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、小明一分钟拍球9下，小刚一分钟拍球的数量是小明的2倍少5下，小刚一分钟拍多少下？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、果园里有6棵桃树，杏树的棵数是桃树的4倍少7棵，杏树有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、教室里有10张课桌，椅子的数量是课桌的2倍少4张，椅子有多少张？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、一只母鸡重4千克，一只公鸡的重量是母鸡的3倍少6千克，公鸡重多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、超市有9箱牛奶，酸奶的箱数是牛奶的3倍少8箱，酸奶有多少箱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、二年级有5个班，三年级的班级数是二年级的2倍少1个，三年级有几个班？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、小明有12本课外书，小亮的课外书本数是小明的2倍少9本，小亮有多少本课外书？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第4天基础辨析：几倍多几、几倍少几混合基础题解题小贴士：仔细读题，区分“多几”和“少几”，先乘后加减，不混淆运算顺序1、文具店有4支钢笔，圆珠笔的数量是钢笔的5倍多2支，圆珠笔有多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、文具店有4支钢笔，水彩笔的数量是钢笔的5倍少2支，水彩笔有多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、草地上有5只白羊，黑羊的数量是白羊的3倍多4只，黑羊有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、草地上有5只白羊，灰羊的数量是白羊的3倍少4只，灰羊有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、小红折了6只纸鹤，小丽折的纸鹤是小红的4倍多3只，小丽折了多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、小红折了6只纸鹤，小芳折的纸鹤是小红的4倍少3只，小芳折了多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、一棵小树高3米，一棵大树的高度是小树的6倍多2米，大树高多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、一根短绳长3米，一根长绳的长度是短绳的6倍少2米，长绳长多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、小明攒了7元零花钱，小刚攒的钱是小明的3倍多5元，小刚攒了多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、小明攒了7元零花钱，小亮攒的钱是小明的3倍少5元，小亮攒了多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第5天基础综合：一步乘法比多比少应用题专项巩固解题小贴士：独立审题，自主判断题型，规范写出算式和答句1、学校有8个篮球，足球的个数是篮球的2倍多3个，足球有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、学校有8个篮球，排球的个数是篮球的2倍少3个，排球有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、花坛里有9盆菊花，向日葵的盆数是菊花的3倍多4盆，向日葵有多少盆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、书架上有5本故事书，科普书的本数是故事书的6倍少7本，科普书有多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、一只小猫重2千克，一只小狗的重量是小猫的5倍多1千克，小狗重多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、二年级一班有6名男生女生人数是男生的4倍少5名，女生有多少名？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、每块橡皮2元，每支钢笔的价格是橡皮的8倍多4元，钢笔每支多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、池塘里有7只鸭子，鹅的数量是鸭子的3倍少6只，鹅有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、小明每天写9道计算题，小红每天写的题数是小明的2倍多3道，小红每天写多少道题？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、路边有4棵梧桐树，银杏树的棵数是梧桐树的7倍少8棵，银杏树有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第6天进阶突破：两步乘法比多比少应用题（求总数）解题小贴士：先根据比多比少求出另一个量，再将两个量相加求出总数，两步解题1、小明有5支彩笔，小红的彩笔数量是小明的2倍多2支，两人一共有多少支彩笔？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、果园里有6棵苹果树，梨树的棵数是苹果树的3倍少3棵，苹果树和梨树一共有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、文具店有7本笔记本，作业本的数量是笔记本的4倍多5本，两种本子一共有多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、草地上有8只小兔，大兔的数量是小兔的2倍少4只，大兔和小兔一共有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、小红攒了9元钱，小刚攒的钱是小红的3倍多6元，两人一共攒了多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、教室里有4张讲台桌，学生课桌的数量是讲台桌的9倍少7张，教室里一共有多少张桌子？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、鱼缸里有5条鲤鱼，草鱼的数量是鲤鱼的4倍多3条，鱼缸里一共有多少条鱼？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、学校有3个音乐社团，美术社团的数量是音乐社团的5倍少2个，两个社团一共有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、一根短铁丝长6厘米，长铁丝的长度是短铁丝的3倍多4厘米，两根铁丝一共长多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、超市有8箱橙汁，可乐的箱数是橙汁的2倍少5箱，橙汁和可乐一共有多少箱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第7天进阶突破：两步乘法比多比少应用题（求相差数）解题小贴士：先求出较大的量，再用大数-小数，求出两个量相差多少1、小明有6张邮票，小刚的邮票数是小明的3倍多2张，小刚比小明多多少张邮票？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、花园里有7朵玫瑰，百合的数量是玫瑰的2倍少3朵，百合比玫瑰少多少朵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、二年级有4个跳绳队，跑步队的数量是跳绳队的4倍多1个，跑步队比跳绳队多多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、一支铅笔2元，一支水彩笔的价格是铅笔的6倍少4元，水彩笔比铅笔贵多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、小红折了8只纸船，小丽折的纸船是小红的3倍多5只，小丽比小红多折多少只纸船？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、果园里有9棵李子树，樱桃树的棵数是李子树的2倍少6棵，樱桃树比李子树少多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、小明每分钟跑5米，爸爸每分钟跑的路程是小明的4倍多3米，爸爸每分钟比小明多跑多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、书架上有6本工具书，课外读物的本数是工具书的5倍少8本，课外读物比工具书多多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、池塘里有3只青蛙，蝌蚪的数量是青蛙的10倍多4只，蝌蚪比青蛙多多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、超市有5袋饼干，面包的袋数是饼干的3倍少2袋，面包比饼干多多少袋？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第8天易错专项：几倍多几、几倍少几题型纠错训练解题小贴士：规避易错点：1.看清“多、少”关键词；2.先乘后加减，不颠倒顺序；3.两步题不遗漏步骤1、有20个苹果，梨的个数是苹果的2倍多5个，梨有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、有20个苹果，桃子的个数是苹果的2倍少5个，桃子有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、小明有15支笔，小红的笔是小明的3倍多4支，小红比小明多几支笔？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、小明有15支笔，小丽的笔是小明的3倍少4支，两人一共有多少支笔？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、一本漫画书12元，一本故事书的价格是漫画书的2倍多6元，故事书多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、一棵小草高8厘米，一株小花的高度是小草的4倍少9厘米，小花高多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、二年级有18名运动员，三年级运动员人数是二年级的2倍多7名，三年级比二年级多多少名运动员？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、鱼缸里有11条小鱼，大鱼的数量是小鱼的3倍少10条，鱼缸一共有多少条鱼？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、每支钢笔10元，每个书包的价格是钢笔的5倍多12元，书包多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、操场上有13名男生踢球，女生踢球的人数是男生的2倍少8名，踢球的一共有多少名同学？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第9天生活场景专项：购物类乘法比多比少应用题解题小贴士：结合购物场景，梳理单价、倍数、差价关系，贴合生活实际解题1、一块橡皮3元，一个文具盒的价格是橡皮的4倍多5元，文具盒多少钱一个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、一瓶矿泉水2元，一瓶饮料的价格是矿泉水的6倍少3元，饮料比矿泉水贵多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、一个笔记本4元，一个书包的价格是笔记本的8倍多10元，买一个书包和一个笔记本一共需要多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、一支尺子5元，一支圆规的价格是尺子的3倍少4元，圆规多少钱一支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、一袋面包6元，一盒蛋糕的价格是面包的5倍多8元，蛋糕比面包贵多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、一支毛笔7元，一支钢笔的价格是毛笔的4倍少6元，买一支毛笔和一支钢笔一共需要多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、一个毽子8元，一个跳绳的价格是毽子的2倍多3元，跳绳多少钱一根？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、一本练习本2元，一本字典的价格是练习本的15倍少5元，字典比练习本贵多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、一盒彩笔9元，一个画板的价格是彩笔的3倍多7元，买一盒彩笔和一个画板一共需要多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、一个水杯10元，一个保温杯的价格是水杯的4倍少12元，保温杯多少钱一个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第10天生活场景专项：动植物、自然场景乘法比多比少应用题解题小贴士：读懂自然场景题干，准确提取倍数、多少数量关系，规范两步解题1、花园里有12朵牵牛花，月季花的数量是牵牛花的2倍多4朵，月季花有多少朵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、果园里有14棵石榴树，橘子树的棵数是石榴树的3倍少6棵，橘子树比石榴树多多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、草地上有9只蝴蝶，蜜蜂的数量是蝴蝶的4倍多8只，蜜蜂和蝴蝶一共有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、池塘里有16条小鱼，小虾的数量是小鱼的2倍少9只，小虾有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、山林里有7只松鼠，野兔的数量是松鼠的5倍多3只，野兔比松鼠多多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、花盆里有18株多肉，绿萝的株数是多肉的2倍少5株，绿萝和多肉一共有多少株？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、田野里有10只麻雀，燕子的数量是麻雀的3倍多6只，燕子有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、果园里有13棵枣树，桃树的棵数是枣树的4倍少7棵，桃树比枣树多多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、花丛里有8只蜻蜓，瓢虫的数量是蜻蜓的6倍多4只，两种昆虫一共有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、菜园里有15棵黄瓜苗，番茄苗的棵数是黄瓜苗的2倍少8棵，番茄苗有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第11天校园场景专项：校园生活乘法比多比少应用题解题小贴士：聚焦校园场景，快速提取已知量、倍数、差值，熟练两步解题逻辑1、二年级一班有21名女生，男生人数是女生的2倍多3名，男生有多少名？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、学校书法社团有16人，绘画社团的人数是书法社团的3倍少8人，绘画社团比书法社团多多少人？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、教室里有19张椅子，课桌的数量是椅子的2倍多5张，课桌和椅子一共有多少张？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、学校有12个足球，篮球的个数是足球的4倍少9个，篮球有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、小明课堂上答对了17道题，小红答对的题数是小明的2倍多4道，小红比小明多答对多少道题？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、学校图书室有23本童话书，科普书的本数是童话书的2倍少6本，两种书一共有多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、操场上有14名同学跳绳，跑步的同学人数是跳绳的3倍多7名，跑步的同学有多少名？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、二年级有11个文明小组，学习小组的数量是文明小组的4倍少5个，学习小组比文明小组多多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、老师奖励了18张贴纸给男生，奖励给女生的贴纸数量是男生的2倍多9张，老师一共奖励了多少张贴纸？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、学校花坛有20盆串串红，月季花盆数是串串红的3倍少11盆，月季花有多少盆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第12天题型混合：一步、两步乘法比多比少综合训练解题小贴士：自主判断题型，灵活选择解题步骤，一步题直接计算，两步题先求未知量再计算1、小红有13块橡皮，小兰的橡皮是小红的2倍多5块，小兰有多少块橡皮？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、超市有17箱酸奶，纯牛奶的箱数是酸奶的3倍少4箱，酸奶和纯牛奶一共有多少箱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、一只小狗重11千克，大狗的重量是小狗的2倍少3千克，大狗重多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、小明写了19个大字，小丽写的大字数量是小明的2倍多6个，小丽比小明多写多少个大字？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、果园有16棵梨树，苹果树的棵数是梨树的3倍多8棵，苹果树有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、文具店有22支圆珠笔，钢笔的数量是圆珠笔的2倍少7支，两种笔一共有多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、一根绳子长14米，另一根绳子的长度是它的3倍多2米，另一根绳子长多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、二年级有24名住校生，三年级住校生人数是二年级的2倍少9名，三年级比二年级多多少名住校生？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、小红有18本故事书，小刚的故事书本数是小红的3倍多4本，小刚有多少本故事书？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、池塘有21只鸭子，鹅的数量是鸭子的2倍少5只，鸭子和鹅一共有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第13天拔高训练：多位数乘法比多比少应用题解题小贴士：适配三年级多位数乘法基础，熟练两位数乘一位数计算，结合比多比少解题1、一本书有25页，另一本书的页数是它的2倍多12页，另一本书有多少页？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、商店有32个玩具车，玩具飞机的数量是玩具车的2倍少15个，玩具飞机有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、小明每分钟走28米，爸爸每分钟走的路程是小明的2倍多10米，爸爸每分钟走多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、花园有36盆小花，大花的盆数是小花的2倍少18盆，大花比小花多多少盆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、一个书包45元，一个行李箱的价格是书包的3倍多20元，行李箱多少钱一个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、养殖场有29只公鸡，母鸡的数量是公鸡的3倍少12只，养殖场一共有多少只鸡？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、一根铁丝长33厘米，另一根铁丝的长度是它的2倍多16厘米，另一根铁丝长多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、班级有27名男生，女生人数是男生的2倍少9名，女生比男生多多少名？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、一箱苹果38元，一箱车厘子的价格是苹果的4倍多15元，车厘子一箱多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、公园里有41棵灌木，乔木的棵数是灌木的2倍少22棵，乔木和灌木一共有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第14天对比专项：同题干倍数多几、少几对比训练解题小贴士：通过对比题型，深度区分“几倍多几”和“几倍少几”的解题差异，杜绝混淆1、（1）小明有24张卡片，小刚的卡片是小明的2倍多8张，小刚有多少张？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）小明有24张卡片，小亮的卡片是小明的2倍少8张，小亮有多少张？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、（1）商店有30盒彩笔，蜡笔的盒数是彩笔的3倍多10盒，蜡笔有多少盒？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）商店有30盒彩笔，马克笔的盒数是彩笔的3倍少10盒，马克笔有多少盒？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、（1）果园有26棵桃树，梨树的棵数是桃树的2倍多13棵，梨树比桃树多多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）果园有26棵桃树，杏树的棵数是桃树的2倍少13棵，杏树和桃树一共有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、（1）小红有35元零花钱，小刚的零花钱是小红的2倍多12元，两人一共多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）小红有35元零花钱，小亮的零花钱是小红的2倍少12元，小亮比小红多多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、（1）操场上有22名同学打球，跑步的人数是打球的3倍多9名，跑步的有多少名？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）操场上有22名同学打球，跳远的人数是打球的3倍少9名，跳远的有多少名？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第15天综合拔高：两步复杂乘法比多比少应用题解题小贴士：题干信息较多，先梳理已知条件，找准标准量，再一步步计算，不遗漏信息1、二年级一班有28人参加活动，二年级二班参加人数是一班的2倍多7人，两个班一共有多少人参加活动？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、超市运来42箱橘子，运来的橙子箱数是橘子的2倍少11箱，橙子比橘子多多少箱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、一本童话书36页，一本故事书的页数是童话书的3倍多15页，故事书比童话书多多少页？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、养殖场有53只鸭子，鸡的数量是鸭子的2倍少18只，鸡和鸭子一共有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、小红一分钟跳绳44下，小丽一分钟跳绳的数量是小红的2倍多9下，小丽一分钟比小红多跳多少下？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、花园里有39株牡丹，月季的株数是牡丹的3倍少16株，两种花一共有多少株？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、一个足球58元，一个篮球的价格是足球的2倍多14元，篮球比足球贵多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8、书店有64本科技书，文艺书的本数是科技书的2倍少27本，文艺书和科技书一共有多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9、小明攒了46元压岁钱，小刚攒的压岁钱是小明的3倍多12元，小刚比小明多攒多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10、公园里有51棵杨树，柳树的棵数是杨树的2倍少19棵，杨树和柳树一共有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第16天易错拔高：隐藏条件乘法比多比少应用题解题小贴士：仔细读题，挖掘题干隐藏条件，找准标准量，避免看错、漏看条件1、小红每天写15道题，小明每天做题数是小红的2倍多6道，两人一周（7天）一共做多少道题？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、一个文具盒18元，一个书包的价格是文具盒的4倍少12元，买一个书包比买一个文具盒多花多少钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3、果园每行有23棵苹果树，梨树每行的棵数是苹果树的2倍多8棵，每行梨树比苹果树多多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4、小明体重29千克，爸爸的体重是小明的3倍少15千克，爸爸体重多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5、商店每盒钢笔有12支，每盒圆珠笔的支数是钢笔的2倍多5支，一盒圆珠笔有多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6、二年级每班有34名学生，三年级每班人数是二年级的2倍少16名，三年级每班有多少名学生？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7、一根跳绳长21分米，一根拔河绳的长度是跳绳的5倍多18分米，拔河绳长多少分米？___________________________________________________