2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一历年真题

2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一历年真题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theconceptof"digitaldetox"hasgainedconsiderabletractioninrecentyears,emergingasanecessaryresponsetotheubiquityofscreensinmodernlife.Whiletechnologyoffersundeniablebenefits,frominstantcommunicationtoaccesstovastinformationrepositories,itsconstantpresencecanleadtocognitiveoverloadanddecreasedmentalwell-being.Adigitaldetoxisnotabout1technologyentirely,butratheraboutdevelopingahealthier,moreconsciousrelationshipwithit.Itinvolves2periodswhereindividualsdisconnectfromtheirdevicestoreconnectwiththephysicalworldandtheirownthoughts.Proponentsofdigitaldetoxesarguethatsteppingawayfromscreensallowsthebraintorecoverfromtheconstantstimulationofnotifications,socialmediafeeds,andtheendlessscrollofnews.Thisperiodofdisconnectioncan3stress,improvesleepquality,andboostcreativity.Whenweareconstantlypluggedin,ourattentionisfragmented,makingitdifficulttoengageindeepworkormeaningfulface-to-faceinteractions.By4thedigitalnoise,wecreatespaceforreflectionandmindfulness,whichareoften5inourhyper-connectedlives.However,theideaisnotwithoutits6.Criticsarguethatinanincreasinglydigitalsociety,takingacompletebreakcanbeimpracticalandevendetrimentaltoone'sprofessionalorsociallife.Formany,beingofflinemeansmissingoutonimportantupdatesorcareeropportunities.Furthermore,themereactof7adigitaldetoxcansometimesinduceanxiety,knownas"FOMO"(FearOfMissingOut),ratherthanthe8relaxationitpromises.Thissuggeststhattheproblemmaynotbethetechnologyitself,butourpsychological9toit.Ultimately,thegoalofadigitaldetoxshouldbebalance,notabstinence.Itisabout10controloverone'sdigitalhabitsratherthanbeingcontrolledbythem.Thismightinvolvesettingspecificboundaries,suchas"no-phonezones"inthebedroomordinnertable,ordesignatedtimesforcheckingemails.Bycultivatingintentionalityinourtechusage,wecanenjoytheadvantagesofthedigitalworldwithoutsacrificingourmentalpeace.Thekeyistousetechnologyasatooltoenhancelife,ratherthanallowingittobecomethe11ofourexistence.Studieshaveshownthatexcessivescreentimeislinkedtovarioushealthissues,includingeyestrain,sedentarybehavior,andsleepdisruption.Thebluelightemittedbyscreens,forinstance,can12theproductionofmelatonin,thehormonethatregulatessleepcycles.Therefore,reducingscreentime,especiallybeforebed,iscrucialformaintaining13health.Moreover,thesocialcomparison14bysocialmediaplatformscanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyanddepression.Atemporarybreakcanhelpindividuals15perspectiveandrealizethatthecuratedlivesseenonlineareoftenunrealistic.Inconclusion,whileadigitaldetoxmayseemlikeatrendybuzzword,itaddressesafundamentalaspectofmodernhealth.Itencouragesustopauseandevaluateourdigitalconsumption.Whetheritisaweekendwithouttheinternetorjustafewhoursofunpluggingeachday,thebenefitscanbe16.Itisa17steptowardsreclaimingourattentionandfosteringamorepresentandfulfillinglife.Aswemoveforwardinthisdigitalage,theabilitytodisconnectwilllikelybecomeavaluableskill,distinguishingthosewhoare18bythemachinefromthosewhomasterit.Wemustlearntonavigatethedigitallandscapewithwisdom,ensuringthatourvirtuallivesdonot19ourrealones.Thechallengeliesnotinrejectingthefuture,butin20ittoserveourhumanneedseffectively.1.[A]eliminating[B]embracing[C]updating[D]ignoring2.[A]extending[B]shortening[C]designating[D]counting3.[A]increase[B]alleviate[C]cause[D]measure4.[A]amplifying[B]creating[C]silencing[D]generating5.[A]abundant[B]necessary[C]scarce[D]ignored6.[A]merits[B]drawbacks[C]critics[D]skeptics7.[A]starting[B]finishing[C]enjoying[D]avoiding8.[A]intended[B]potential[C]additional[D]constant9.[A]resistance[B]indifference[C]attachment[D]aversion10.[A]losing[B]regaining[C]maintaining[D]sharing11.[A]enhancement[B]definition[C]master[D]backdrop12.[A]stimulate[B]inhibit[C]reflect[D]absorb13.[A]physical[B]mental[C]digital[D]public14.[A]fostered[B]avoided[C]cured[D]analyzed15.[A]lose[B]gain[C]narrow[D]share16.[A]negligible[B]temporary[C]profound[D]immediate17.[A]backward[B]huge[C]small[D]proactive18.[A]employed[B]replaced[C]controlled[D]assisted19.[A]supplement[B]mirror[C]overshadow[D]balance20.[A]shaping[B]rejecting[C]predicting[D]observingSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedintensedebateregardingitsimpactontheworkforce.Whilehistoricaltechnologicalshifts,suchastheIndustrialRevolution,ultimatelycreatedmorejobsthantheydestroyed,thenatureofAIisfundamentallydifferent.Unlikeprevioustechnologiesthatprimarilyautomatedphysicallabor,AIexcelsatcognitivetasks,potentiallyencroachingondomainspreviouslyconsideredtheexclusivepreserveofhumanintellect.Thisshiftnecessitatesare-evaluationofeducationalsystemsandlabormarketpolicies.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsisthe"hollowingout"ofthemiddleclass.AIalgorithmsarebecomingincreasinglyadeptatperformingroutinecognitivetasks—suchasdataanalysis,accounting,andevencertainaspectsoflegalresearch—thattraditionallyprovidedstableemploymentforthemiddleclass.Whilehigh-levelcreativeandstrategicrolesmayremainsafeforsometime,andlow-payingmanualjobsthatrequirehighdexterityarehardertoautomate,themiddletierfacessignificantdisruption.Thispolarizationcouldexacerbateincomeinequalityandleadtosocialunrestifnotmanagedeffectively.However,expertsalsopointoutthepotentialforAItoaugmenthumancapabilitiesratherthansimplyreplacethem.Infieldslikemedicine,AIcanprocessvastamountsofmedicaldatatoassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesmoreaccuratelyandquickly.Increativeindustries,generativeAIcanserveasabrainstormingpartner,helpingartistsandwritersovercomecreativeblocks.Thekeyliesin"human-in-the-loop"systems,whereAIhandlesthemundaneordata-heavyaspectsofajob,leavinghumanstofocusonempathy,complexdecision-making,andethicaljudgment.Tonavigatethistransition,afocusonreskillingandupskillingisparamount.TheskillsthatwillbemostvaluableintheAIeraarethosethatmachinesfinddifficulttoreplicate:criticalthinking,emotionalintelligence,andadaptability.Educationalinstitutionsneedtomoveawayfromrotelearningandtowardsfosteringtheseuniquelyhumantraits.Furthermore,governmentsmayneedtoconsidersocialsafetynets,suchasuniversalbasicincome,tosupportthosedisplacedbyautomationduringthetransitionperiod.ThefutureofworkintheageofAIisnotpredetermined.Itwillbeshapedbythechoiceswemaketodayregardinginvestmentineducation,socialpolicy,andthedirectionoftechnologicaldevelopment.ByembracingacollaborativeapproachwherehumansandAIworkintandem,wecanharnessthepowerofthistransformativetechnologytocreateamoreproductiveandequitablesociety.21.Accordingtothetext,howisAIdifferentfromprevioustechnologicalshifts?[A]Itprimarilytargetsmanuallabor.[B]Itcreatesfewerjobsthanitdestroys.[C]Itfocusesoncognitiveratherthanphysicaltasks.[D]Ithasnoimpactonthemiddleclass.22.Thephrase"hollowingout"inParagraph2mostlikelyrefersto______.[A]thecompleteeliminationoftheworkingclass[B]thereductionofopportunitiesformiddle-classjobs[C]thephysicalrelocationoffactoriestoruralareas[D]theincreaseinwagesforhigh-levelexecutives23.Whatisthe"human-in-the-loop"approachmentionedinParagraph3?[A]ReplacinghumanswithAIinallsectors.[B]AllowingAItomakefinalethicaldecisions.[C]UsingAItoassisthumanswhileretaininghumanoversight.[D]RestrictingAIdevelopmenttoensurehumansafety.24.WhichofthefollowingskillsisconsideredleastlikelytobeautomatedbyAI?[A]Dataanalysis.[B]Emotionalintelligence.[C]Routineaccounting.[D]Legalresearch.25.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofworkwithAIisbestdescribedas______.[A]pessimisticandfearful[B]optimisticbutcautious[C]indifferentanddetached[D]purelyenthusiasticText2Theglobalpushtowardsrenewableenergysources,whileenvironmentallynecessary,hasinadvertentlycreatedanewgeopoliticallandscapecharacterizedbyresourcecompetition.Justasthe20thcenturywasdefinedbyoil,the21stcenturymaywellbedefinedbythecriticalmineralsrequiredforgreentechnologies:lithium,cobalt,nickel,andrareearthelements.Thesematerialsareessentialfortheproductionofelectricvehiclebatteries,solarpanels,andwindturbines.Thegeographicdistributionoftheseresourcesishighlyuneven.Forinstance,theDemocraticRepublicofCongo(DRC)holdsasignificantportionoftheworld'scobaltreserves,whileChinadominatestheprocessingofrareearthelements.Thisconcentrationcreatespotentialchokepointsinthesupplychainandraisesconcernsaboutsecurityandrelianceonsinglenationsorpoliticallyunstableregions.Asdemandforelectricvehiclessurges,thescrambleforthesemineralshasintensified,leadingtowhatsomeanalystscalla"newresourcecurse."Nationsarerespondingbysecuringtheirownsupplychainsthroughvariousmeans.TheUnitedStatesanditsalliesareinvestingindomesticminingandprocessingcapabilities,aimingtoreducedependenceonforeignsources.Simultaneously,theyareforgingstrategicpartnershipswithresource-richcountriestoensurestableaccess.Thisgeopoliticalmaneuveringextendsbeyondsimpletradeagreements;itinvolvesdiplomacy,aid,andsometimes,securitycommitments.However,theextractionandprocessingofthesemineralscomewithsignificantenvironmentalandsocialcosts.Miningoperationsoftenleadtodeforestation,waterpollution,andcarbonemissions,somewhatunderminingthegreencredentialsofthetechnologiestheysupport.Moreover,insomeregions,theminingindustryhasbeenplaguedbyhumanrightsabuses,includingchildlaborandunsafeworkingconditions.Thispresentsadilemmaforconsumersandpolicymakers:howtobalancetheurgentneedfordecarbonizationwiththeimperativetoprotecthumanrightsandtheenvironment.Technologicalinnovationoffersapotentialwayoutofthisbind.Researchersaredevelopingbatterychemistriesthatrelylessonscarceminerals,suchassodium-ionbatteries.Recyclingtechnologiesarealsoimproving,allowingfortherecoveryofvaluablematerialsfromspentbatteries,therebyreducingtheneedforvirginmining.Acirculareconomyapproachcouldmitigateboththegeopoliticalrisksandtheenvironmentalimpactofthegreenenergytransition.Ultimately,thetransitiontoagreeneconomycannotbeviewedsolelythroughatechnologicallens;itisinherentlygeopoliticalandethical.Achievingasustainablefuturerequiresnotjustadvancesinsolarandwindefficiency,butalsoafairandresilientglobalsupplychainthatrespectsbothplanetaryboundariesandhumandignity.Thechallengeiscomplex,butwithcoordinatedinternationaleffort,itissolvable.26.Themainideaofthetextisthatthetransitiontorenewableenergy______.[A]hascompletelysolvedtheproblemofcarbonemissions[B]iscreatingnewgeopoliticaltensionsovercriticalminerals[C]islessimportantthanthedevelopmentofAI[D]dependsentirelyontheoilindustry27.WhyistheDemocraticRepublicofCongomentionedinthetext?[A]Asanexampleofacountryleadinginsolarpanelproduction.[B]Toillustratetheunevendistributionofcriticalminerals.[C]Tohighlightitsstabilityintheglobalmarket.[D]Asamajorconsumerofelectricvehicles.28.Howarenationsrespondingtothescarcityofcriticalminerals?[A]Byreducingtheproductionofelectricvehicles.[B]Byrelyingsolelyonrecycling.[C]Bysecuringsupplychainsthroughdomesticinvestmentandpartnerships.[D]Byimposingbansontheexportofgreentechnologies.29.Whatisthe"newresourcecurse"accordingtothetext?[A]Thehighcostofrenewableenergytechnologies.[B]Theenvironmentaldamagecausedbyoilspills.[C]Thegeopoliticalandethicalchallengesarisingfromthedemandforgreenminerals.[D]Theinabilityofcountriestoagreeonclimatechangepolicies.30.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedasasolutiontothemineraldilemma?[A]Stoppingthetransitiontogreenenergyimmediately.[B]IncreasingrelianceontheDRCforallminerals.[C]Developingnewbatterytechnologiesandrecyclingmethods.[D]Ignoringthehumanrightsissuesinminingregions.Text3Theconceptof"nudging"inbehavioraleconomicshasrevolutionizedhowpolicymakersapproachpublichealthandfinance.Anudgeisanyaspectofthechoicearchitecturethatalterspeople'sbehaviorinapredictablewaywithoutforbiddinganyoptionsorsignificantlychangingtheireconomicincentives.Forexample,placingfruitateyelevelinacafeteriaisanudge;banningjunkfoodisnot.Thepowerofnudgingliesinitssubtlety—itrespectsfreedomofchoicewhileguidingindividualstowardsdecisionsthataretheoreticallybetterforthemorsociety.Oneofthemostfamousapplicationsofnudgingisinorgandonation.Manycountrieshavestruggledwithlowdonorrates.However,nationsthatimplement"presumedconsent"(whereindividualsareautomaticallydonorsunlesstheyoptout)seesignificantlyhigherregistrationratesthanthosewith"explicitconsent"(whereindividualsmustoptin).Thischangeindefaultoptionleveragesthehumantendencytowardsinertiaandthestatusquobias,savingthousandsofliveswithoutmandatingparticipation.Nudginghasalsofounditswayintoretirementsavings.IntheUnitedStates,theintroductionofautomaticenrollmentin401(k)plans,coupledwithautomaticescalationofcontributionrates,hasdramaticallyincreasedretirementsavingsforworkers.Lefttotheirowndevices,manyemployeeswouldprocrastinatesigninguporsavetoolittle.Bymakingthe"smart"choicethepathofleastresistance,policymakershelpindividualsovercomepresentbias—thetendencytovalueimmediategratificationoverlong-termsecurity.Despiteitssuccesses,nudgingisnotwithoutitscritics.Somearguethatitismanipulativeandpaternalistic,treatingcitizensaschildrenwhocannotbetrustedtomaketheirowndecisions.Otherspointoutthatnudgesareoftendesignedbybureaucratswhomayhavetheirownbiasesoragendas,leadingtooutcomesthatfavorthestateovertheindividual.Thereisalsotheethicalquestionoftransparency:ifanudgeiseffectivebecauseitoperatesbelowtheradarofconsciousthought,isitdeceptive?Furthermore,nudgesarenotapanaceaforallsocietalproblems.Theyworkbestwhenthebarriertoactionisamatterofconvenienceoroversight.Theyarelesseffectiveinaddressingstructuralissueslikepovertyorsystemicdiscrimination,whichrequiremorerobustlegislativeandeconomicinterventions.Anudgemightencourageapersontosavemore,butitcannotfixabrokenlaborMarketorstagnantwages.Inconclusion,whilenudgingisapowerfultoolinthepolicymaker'sarsenal,itmustbeusedwithcautionandtransparency.Itoffersa"soft-paternalism"thatcanimprovewelfareandefficiencywithoutheavy-handedregulation.However,itshouldcomplement,ratherthanreplace,traditionalformsofgovernance.Thegoalshouldbetoempowercitizenstomakebetterchoices,nottocovertlyengineertheirbehavior.Asourunderstandingofhumanbehaviorevolves,sotoomusttheethicalframeworksthatguidetheapplicationofbehavioralscienceinpublicpolicy.31.Whatisthedefiningcharacteristicofa"nudge"?[A]Itprovidesfinancialincentivesforcertainbehaviors.[B]Itforbidsharmfuloptionstoprotectpeople.[C]Italtersbehaviorwithoutrestrictingchoicesorchangingeconomicincentives.[D]Itrequiresindividualstoattendmandatorycounselingsessions.32.Howdoes"presumedconsent"fororgandonationwork?[A]Peopleareforcedtodonateorgans.[B]Peopleareautomaticallydonorsunlesstheyactivelyrefuse.[C]Peoplemustsignuptobedonors.[D]Onlyfamilymemberscandecideafterdeath.33.Thetextmentionsautomaticenrollmentinretirementplanstoillustrate______.[A]thefailureofgovernmentintervention[B]howtoovercome"presentbias"[C]thedangersofsavingtoomuchmoney[D]whypeopleprefercashoversavings34.Whichofthefollowingisacriticismofnudgingmentionedinthetext?[A]Itistooexpensivetoimplement.[B]Itisillegalinmostcountries.[C]Itcanbeseenasmanipulativeandpaternalistic.[D]Itsolvesstructuralproblemslikepovertytooeffectively.35.Theauthorsuggeststhatnudgingshouldbe______.[A]theprimarymethodofgovernance[B]usedtransparentlytocomplementotherpolicies[C]avoidedduetoitsethicalimplications[D]replacedbystrictregulationsText4The"GreatResignation,"atermcoinedtodescribethemassexodusofemployeesfromtheworkforceduringandaftertheCOVID-19pandemic,hasforcedemployerstorethinkthesocialcontractofwork.Initially,manybelievedthetrendwasatemporaryblipcausedbyhealthfearsandgenerousgovernmentstimuluschecks.However,asthepandemicreceded,thelaborshortagespersisted,signalingadeeperstructuralshiftinworkerexpectations.Centraltothisshiftisare-evaluationofwork-lifebalance.Yearsofremoteworkgavemanyemployeesaglimpseofadifferentlifestyle—onewithoutlongcommutes,rigidschedules,andtheconstantpresenceofamicromanagingsupervisor.Havingtastedthisflexibility,millionsarereluctanttoreturntotheoldnormal.Theyareprioritizingtheirmentalhealth,familytime,andpersonalinterestsoverthetraditionalclimbupthecorporateladder.Thisisparticularlytrueamongyoungergenerations,suchasMillennialsandGenZ,whoviewworkasameanstoanendratherthanthedefiningpurposeoftheirlives.Inresponse,companieshavehadtoadapt,albeitunevenly.Somehaveembraced"hybridwork"models,offeringamixofremoteandin-officedays.Othershaveincreasedwagesandimprovedbenefitstoattracttalent.However,superficialchangesareofteninsufficient.Employeesaredemandingmorethanjustapaycheck;theywantpurpose,inclusivity,andasenseofbelonging.Theyareincreasinglyselectiveaboutthevaluesoftheorganizationstheyworkfor,refusingtotoleratetoxicculturesoralackofcorporatesocialresponsibility.Thispowerdynamichasalsoledtotheriseof"quietquitting"—thephenomenonofdoingexactlywhatthejobdescriptionrequiresandnothingmore.Itisnotnecessarilyaboutlaziness,butaboutsettingboundariesandrejectingthepressuretogo"aboveandbeyond"withoutextracompensationorrecognition.Whileemployersmaylamentthisperceivedlackofengagement,itisarationalresponsetodecadesofstagnantwagesanddiminishingloyaltyfromcorporations.Theimplicationsfortheeconomyareprofound.Ifthelaborforceparticipationrateremainslowerthanpre-pandemiclevels,potentialeconomicgrowthcouldbeconstrained.Inflationarypressuresmayalsopersistasbusinessesraisepricestocoverhigherlaborcosts.Thiscreatesadilemmaforcentralbankstryingtocooltheeconomywithouttriggeringarecession.Ultimately,theGreatResignationisnotjustalabormarkettrend;itisaculturalmovement.Itrepresentsawidespreaddesireforautonomyandrespectintheworkplace.Theorganizationsthatwillthriveinthisneweraarethosethatlistentotheiremployeesandtreatthemaspartnersratherthanmerecogsinamachine.Theoldplaybookofcommandandcontrolisobsolete;thefuturebelongstoempathetic,flexible,andhuman-centricleadership.36.TheauthorarguesthattheGreatResignationis______.[A]atemporaryresultofthepandemic[B]causedsolelybygovernmentstimulus[C]astructuralshiftinworkerexpectations[D]limitedtothetechnologysector37.Whateffectdidremoteworkhaveonemployees?[A]Itmadethemrealizetheyprefertheoffice.[B]Itincreasedtheirdesireforflexibilityandwork-lifebalance.[C]Itcausedthemtofearfortheirhealth.[D]Itledtoadecreaseinproductivity.38.Accordingtothetext,whatareemployeeslookingforbeyondapaycheck?[A]Longercommutes.[B]Micromanagement.[C]Purpose,inclusivity,andbelonging.[D]Strictschedules.39.Whatis"quietquitting"?[A]Resigningfromajobwithoutnotice.[B]Doingthebareminimumrequiredbythejob.[C]Workingextremelyhardtogetpromoted.[D]Startingabusinesswhileemployed.40.Thetextconcludesthatsuccessfulorganizationsinthefuturewillbethosethat______.[A]increasewagessignificantly[B]returntostrictcommandandcontrol[C]ignorethedemandsofyoungergenerations[D]adoptempatheticandhuman-centricleadershipPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]TheRoleofGeneticsinLongevity[B]CaloricRestrictionandLifespan[C]TheImpactofRegularPhysicalActivity[D]SocialConnectionsandMentalHealth[E]TheImportanceofQualitySleep[F]AdvancesinMedicalTechnology[G]TheLimitationsofCurrentResearch41.Thepursuitofalongerlifehaspreoccupiedhumanityforcenturies.Whilemodernmedicinehasextendedlifeexpectancysignificantly,thesearchforthe"fountainofyouth"continues.Recentscientificresearchsuggeststhatlongevityisnotmerelydeterminedbygenesbutisheavilyinfluencedbylifestylechoicesandenvironmentalfactors.Understandingthesedeterminantsiscrucialfordevelopingstrategiestopromotehealthyagingandextendnotjustthequantityofyears,butthequalityoflife.42.Oneofthemostrobustfindingsinagingresearchisthelinkbetweendietandlongevity.Studiesacrossvariousspecies,fromyeasttoprimates,haveshownthatreducingcaloricintakewithoutmalnutritioncansignificantlyextendlifespan.Thisisbelievedtoworkbytriggeringmetabolicpathwaysthatenhancecellularrepairandreduceoxidativestress.Inhumans,dietsrichinantioxidantsandlowinprocessedfoods,suchastheMediterraneandiet,areassociatedwithlowerratesofchronicdiseasesandincreasedlongevity.43.Movementisanotherpillaroflonglife.Sedentarybehaviorisamajorriskfactorfornumerouschronicconditions,includingcardiovasculardisease,diabetes,andcertaincancers.Regularexercise,ontheotherhand,improvescardiovascularhealth,maintainsmusclemassandbonedensity,andboostsimmunefunction.Itdoesn'tnecessarilyrequireintensegymsessions;evenmoderate,consistentactivitylikewalkingorswimmingcanhaveprofoundeffectsonmortalityrisk.44.Oftenoverlooked,sleepisacriticalbiologicalprocessthatallowsthebodytorepairandregenerate.Chronicsleepdeprivationdisruptshormonalbalance,weakenstheimmunesystem,andincreasestheriskofcognitivedeclineandAlzheimer'sdisease.Theglymphaticsystem,whichclearswasteproductsfromthebrain,isprimarilyactiveduringdeepsleep.Prioritizingseventoninehoursofqualitysleepisthereforeoneofthemosteffectiveanti-aginginterventionsavailable.45.Humansareinherentlysocialbeings,andisolationcanbeasdetrimentaltohealthassmoking.Strongsocialconnectionsareassociatedwithlowerlevelsofstresshormones,betterimmunefunction,andalowerriskofdepression.Loneliness,conversely,isasignificantpredictorofearlymortality.Maintainingcloserelationshipswithfamilyandfriends,participatingincommunityactivities,andfosteringasenseofpurposeareallessentialcomponentsofalongandhealthylife.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Therapiddevelopmentofdigitaltechnologyhasfundamentallytransformedthewaywecommunicate,work,andlive.However,thisdigitalrevolutionhasalsogivenrisetoanewformofinequality:thedigitaldivide.Thistermreferstothegapbetweenindividualswhohaveaccesstomoderninformationandcommunicationtechnologiesandthosewhodonot.Whilethedivideisoftenmeasuredintermsofaccesstohardware,suchascomputersandsmartphones,italsoencompassesdifferencesindigitalliteracyandtheabilitytoeffectivelyutilizethesetoolstoparticipatefullyinsociety.Theconsequencesofthedigitaldividearefar-reaching.Intheeducationalsector,studentswithoutreliableinternetaccessordevicesareatadistinctdisadvantage,strugglingtokeepupwithonlinelearningresourcesanddigitalhomework.Economically,thelackofdigitalskillsexcludesindividualsfromagrowingnumberofjobopportunitiesthatrequirecomputerproficiency.Furthermore,asessentialserviceslikebanking,healthcare,andgovernmentadministrationincreasinglymoveonline,thoseonthewrongsideofthedividefacebarrierstoaccessingthesevitalservices,exacerbatingsocialexclusion.Bridgingthisgaprequiresamultifacetedapproach.Governmentsmustinvestininfrastructuretoensurebroadbandaccessinunderservedruralandurbanareas.Educationalinstitutionsneedtointegratedigitalliteracyintotheircurriculumstoequipstudentswiththenecessaryskillsforthefuture.Additionally,technologycompanieshavearesponsibilitytodesignaffordableanduser-friendlydevices.Ultimately,ensuringdigitalinclusionisnotjustamatteroftechnologicalequity;itisaprerequisiteforsocialandeconomicjusticeinthe21stcentury.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:Supposeyouareamemberoftheuniversitystudentunion.Writeanemailtoavisitingprofessorwhowillbegivingalectureatyouruniversitynextweek.Inyouremail,youshould:1)Welcometheprofessorande