2026秋三年级升四年级数学暑假专项提升训练17天（两步差倍问题应用题）

2026秋三年级升四年级数学暑假专项提升训练17天（两步差倍问题应用题）第1天基础入门·标准两步差倍应用题（基础题型）解题要点：题型为标准简单差倍问题，直接给出两数倍数关系和数量差，只需两步计算，零基础入门，夯实公式应用基础。1.小红的铅笔数量是小明的3倍，小红比小明多12支铅笔，小红和小明各有多少支铅笔？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.果园里梨树的棵数是桃树的4倍，梨树比桃树多24棵，梨树和桃树各有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.书包的价格是文具盒的5倍，书包比文具盒贵36元，书包和文具盒的单价各是多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.甲数是乙数的2倍，甲数比乙数大18，甲数和乙数分别是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.养殖场鸭子的数量是鸡的3倍，鸭子比鸡多42只，鸡和鸭子各有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.故事书的本数是漫画书的6倍，故事书比漫画书多45本，两种书各有多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.哥哥的零花钱是弟弟的4倍，哥哥比弟弟多60元，兄弟两人各有多少零花钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.长方形的长是宽的3倍，长比宽多16厘米，长方形的长和宽各是多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.钢笔的数量是圆珠笔的5倍，钢笔比圆珠笔多32支，钢笔和圆珠笔各有多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.大船的载客人数是小船的2倍，大船比小船多载25人，大小船各载客多少人？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第2天基础巩固·标准两步差倍应用题（数值微调）解题要点：延续基础题型，微调数字，强化公式熟练度，规范两步解题步骤，杜绝计算失误。1.月季花的数量是牡丹花的3倍，月季花比牡丹花多18盆，两种花各有多少盆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.排球的个数是足球的4倍，排球比足球多27个，排球和足球各有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.大树的高度是小树的5倍，大树比小树高32米，大树和小树各高多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.丙数是丁数的2倍，丙数比丁数大29，丙数和丁数各是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.蜜蜂的数量是蝴蝶的3倍，蜜蜂比蝴蝶多56只，蝴蝶和蜜蜂各有多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.教辅书的本数是课外读物的6倍，教辅书比课外读物多50本，两种书各多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.爸爸的工资是孩子零花钱的8倍，爸爸比孩子多赚70元零花钱额度，父子各有多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.正方形A的边长是正方形B的3倍，边长相差20厘米，两个正方形边长各是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.彩笔的盒数是铅笔盒的4倍，彩笔比铅笔盒多39盒，两种文具各有多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.大巴车数量是中巴车的2倍，大巴车比中巴车多17辆，两种车各有多少辆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第3天题型变式·隐藏差两步差倍应用题（一）解题要点：题目不直接给出数量差，需第一步先计算两数差值，第二步用差倍公式求解，培养审题找条件的能力。1.甲乙两个书架，甲书架有图书85本，乙书架有图书49本，甲书架图书数量是乙书架的几倍多多少？调整后甲是乙的3倍，求两书架现有图书数量？（两步计算：先求数量差，再算差倍）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.小明有邮票72张，小红有邮票48张，小明邮票数量是小红的3倍，两人各有多少张标准倍数数量的邮票？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.超市有苹果95千克，橙子62千克，苹果重量是橙子的4倍，苹果和橙子标准倍数重量各是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.甲数是98，乙数是53，甲数是乙数的2倍，两数标准差值对应的倍数数量各是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.养殖场白兔66只，灰兔30只，白兔数量是灰兔的3倍，两种兔子标准倍数数量各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.故事书102本，童话书57本，故事书是童话书的2倍，求两种书标准差倍数量？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.哥哥存款120元，弟弟存款75元，哥哥存款是弟弟的4倍，兄弟标准存款各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.大船载客88人，小船载客44人，大船载客量是小船的3倍，大小船标准载客量各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.钢笔92支，圆珠笔68支，钢笔数量是圆珠笔的5倍，两种笔标准数量各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.月季81盆，牡丹45盆，月季数量是牡丹的2倍，两种花标准数量各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第4天题型变式·隐藏差两步差倍应用题（二）解题要点：通过“拿走、增加、赠送”场景隐藏数量差，第一步计算变化后的数量差，第二步差倍求解，贴合生活应用题场景。1.甲乙两筐橘子数量相同，从甲筐拿走28个橘子，乙筐不变化，此时乙筐橘子数量是甲筐的5倍，原来两筐各有多少个橘子？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.两个储蓄罐存款相同，往第一个储蓄罐存入36元，第二个不变，第一个存款是第二个的4倍，原来各有多少存款？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.两摞书本数量一样，从上摞拿走19本，下摞不变，下摞书本是上摞的2倍，原来每摞有多少本书？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.甲乙两个鱼缸鱼的数量相等，往甲缸放入42条鱼，乙缸不变，甲缸鱼是乙缸的3倍，原来各有多少条鱼？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.两根跳绳长度相同，第一根剪去24厘米，第二根不剪，第二根长度是第一根的4倍，原来跳绳长多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.两个文具盒文具数量相同，给第一个文具盒添加30件文具，第二个不变，第一个是第二个的6倍，原来各有多少件？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.甲乙两队人数相同，甲队调走15人，乙队人数不变，乙队人数是甲队的2倍，原来两队各有多少人？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.两袋大米重量相同，往第一袋加48千克大米，第二袋不变，第一袋重量是第二袋的5倍，原来每袋大米重多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.两个笔记本页数相同，第一本撕掉22页，第二本完整，第二本页数是第一本的3倍，原来笔记本有多少页？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.甲乙两棵树苗高度相同，甲树苗长高35厘米，乙树苗不变，甲高度是乙的4倍，原来树苗高多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第5天进阶变式·几倍多几两步差倍应用题（一）解题要点：题型为“大数是小数的几倍多几”，第一步扣除多余数量，算出标准数量差，第二步套用差倍公式求解，核心两步解题。1.学校篮球数量比足球的3倍多5个，篮球比足球多25个，篮球和足球各有多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.杨树的棵数比柳树的4倍多8棵，杨树比柳树多38棵，杨树和柳树各有多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.字典的价格比笔记本的5倍多6元，字典比笔记本贵46元，字典和笔记本各多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.白兔数量比灰兔的2倍多9只，白兔比灰兔多29只，白兔和灰兔各多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.故事书数量比漫画书的6倍多7本，故事书比漫画书多57本，两种书各多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.哥哥零花钱比弟弟的4倍多10元，哥哥比弟弟多50元，兄弟两人各有多少零花钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.大船载客量比小船的3倍多12人，大船比小船多载36人，大小船各载客多少人？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.彩笔数量比圆珠笔的5倍多4支，彩笔比圆珠笔多36支，两种笔各有多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.月季花盆数比牡丹花的2倍多11盆，月季花比牡丹花多33盆，两种花各多少盆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.大巴车数量比中巴车的4倍多6辆，大巴车比中巴车多36辆，两种车各多少辆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第6天进阶变式·几倍多几两步差倍应用题（二）解题要点：提升数值难度，丰富生活场景，强化“去多余、算差倍”的两步解题思维，突破易错题型。1.超市苹果重量比橙子的3倍多15千克，苹果比橙子多45千克，苹果和橙子各多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.甲仓库粮食比乙仓库的5倍多20吨，甲仓库比乙仓库多80吨，两个仓库各有粮食多少吨？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.长方形长比宽的4倍多8厘米，长比宽多48厘米，长方形的长和宽各是多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.蜜蜂数量比蝴蝶的2倍多18只，蜜蜂比蝴蝶多48只，蜜蜂和蝴蝶各多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.教辅书数量比课外书的6倍多12本，教辅书比课外书多72本，两种书各多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.爸爸身高比小明的3倍多5厘米，爸爸比小明高95厘米，父子身高各是多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.甲班人数比乙班的4倍多9人，甲班比乙班多63人，甲乙两班各有多少人？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.钢笔价格比橡皮的5倍多3元，钢笔比橡皮贵27元，钢笔和橡皮各多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.大树高度比小树的3倍多14米，大树比小树高56米，大小树各高多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.排球个数比足球的2倍多16个，排球比足球多46个，排球和足球各多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第7天进阶变式·几倍少几两步差倍应用题（一）解题要点：题型为“大数是小数的几倍少几”，第一步补足缺少数量，算出标准数量差，第二步差倍求解，全新题型突破。1.果园苹果树的棵数比梨树的3倍少6棵，苹果树比梨树多24棵，苹果树和梨树各多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.书包价格比行李箱的2倍少18元，书包比行李箱贵42元，书包和行李箱各多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.公鸡数量比母鸡的4倍少8只，公鸡比母鸡多32只，公鸡和母鸡各多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.童话书数量比科普书的5倍少10本，童话书比科普书多40本，两种书各多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.姐姐零花钱比妹妹的3倍少12元，姐姐比妹妹多36元，姐妹各有多少零花钱？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.货车载重比三轮车的6倍少15千克，货车比三轮车多载重75千克，两者载重各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.铅笔数量比水彩笔的2倍少7支，铅笔比水彩笔多21支，两种笔各多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.绿萝盆数比多肉的4倍少9盆，绿萝比多肉多27盆，绿萝和多肉各多少盆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.动车速度比汽车的5倍少20千米/时，动车比汽车快80千米/时，两者速度各是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.跳绳数量比毽子的3倍少11个，跳绳比毽子多33个，跳绳和毽子各多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第8天进阶变式·几倍少几两步差倍应用题（二）解题要点：深化几倍少几题型，复杂数值+生活应用场景，两步解题步骤固化，攻克高频易错点。1.超市香蕉重量比葡萄的3倍少12千克，香蕉比葡萄多36千克，香蕉和葡萄各多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.乙仓库粮食比甲仓库的4倍少18吨，乙仓库比甲仓库多54吨，两仓库各有粮食多少吨？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.长方形宽的3倍少9厘米等于长，长比宽多45厘米，长方形长宽各多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.蜻蜓数量比蚂蚱的2倍少14只，蜻蜓比蚂蚱多28只，两种昆虫各多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.课外绘本比练习册的6倍少16本，绘本比练习册多64本，两种书籍各多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.妈妈体重比小红的3倍少8千克，妈妈比小红重48千克，母女体重各多少千克？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.丙班人数比丁班的4倍少13人，丙班比丁班多52人，两班各有多少人？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.文具盒价格比直尺的5倍少4元，文具盒比直尺贵36元，两者单价各多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.竹子高度比小草的3倍少16厘米，竹子比小草高64厘米，两者高度各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.羽毛球个数比乒乓球的2倍少19个，羽毛球比乒乓球多38个，两种球各多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第9天综合变式·增减变化差倍应用题（一）解题要点：双量变化场景，第一步计算变化后的全新数量差，第二步差倍求解，培养综合推理能力。1.甲乙两箱玩具数量相等，从甲箱拿出15个玩具，往乙箱放入15个玩具，此时乙箱玩具数量是甲箱的4倍，原来两箱各有多少个玩具？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.两根铁丝长度相同，第一根剪去20厘米，第二根加长20厘米，第二根长度是第一根的3倍，原来铁丝长多少厘米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.甲乙两人卡片数量一样，甲送给同学12张，乙新买12张，乙的卡片是甲的5倍，原来两人各有多少张卡片？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.两个鱼缸水量相同，甲缸倒掉18升水，乙缸加入18升水，乙缸水量是甲缸的2倍，原来各有多少升水？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.甲乙两队队员人数相同，甲队调离9人，乙队新增9人，乙队人数是甲队的3倍，原来两队各多少人？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.两本课外书页数相同，第一本撕掉14页，第二本新增手写14页，第二本页数是第一本的4倍，原来每本多少页？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.甲乙两袋糖果数量相同，甲袋吃掉16颗，乙袋补充16颗，乙袋糖果是甲袋的5倍，原来各有多少颗？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.两条跑道长度相同，第一条缩短25米，第二条延长25米，第二条长度是第一条的2倍，原来跑道长多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.甲乙两个书包重量相同，甲书包取出10千克物品，乙书包放入10千克物品，乙是甲的3倍，原来书包重多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.两盆绿植数量相同，第一盆移走7株，第二盆新增7株，第二盆数量是第一盆的4倍，原来每盆多少株？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第10天综合变式·增减变化差倍应用题（二）解题要点：复杂双量变化场景，数值增大、倍数多变，强化两步解题逻辑，突破中档难度题型。1.甲乙两个粮仓存粮相同，甲仓运出28吨粮食，乙仓运进28吨粮食，乙仓存粮是甲仓的5倍，原来各存粮多少吨？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.两根木料长度一致，第一根截去32厘米，第二根接上32厘米，第二根长度是第一根的3倍，原木料长多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.小明和小红贴纸数量相同，小明用掉19张贴纸，小红又买了19张，小红贴纸是小明的4倍，原来各有多少张？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.两个水桶储水相同，甲桶倒出22升水，乙桶倒入22升水，乙桶水量是甲桶的2倍，原储水量多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.甲乙两个舞蹈队人数相同，甲队退出11人，乙队加入11人，乙队人数是甲队的5倍，原人数多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.两本笔记本厚度相同，第一本撕掉26页，第二本增加26页，第二本页数是第一本的3倍，原页数多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.甲乙两袋坚果数量相同，甲袋吃掉23颗，乙袋新增23颗，乙袋数量是甲袋的4倍，原数量多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.两条绳子长度相同，第一条剪去30米，第二条接上30米，第二条是第一条的2倍，原绳长多少米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.甲乙两个行李箱重量相同，甲取出17千克物品，乙放入17千克，乙重量是甲的3倍，原重多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.两束鲜花数量相同，第一束拿走13朵，第二束新增13朵，第二束是第一束的5倍，原鲜花多少朵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第11天混合题型·基础+几倍多几综合训练解题要点：随机混合基础标准差倍、几倍多几题型，锻炼审题能力，快速判断题型、精准两步解题。1.钢笔数量是中性笔的4倍，钢笔比中性笔多36支，两种笔各多少支？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.桃树棵数比梨树的5倍多7棵，桃树比梨树多49棵，桃树梨树各多少棵？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.甲数是乙数的6倍，甲数比乙数大45，甲乙两数各是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.书包价格比文具盒的3倍多9元，书包比文具盒贵27元，两者单价各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.鸭子数量是鸡的2倍，鸭子比鸡多28只，鸡鸭各多少只？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.故事书比漫画书的4倍多11本，故事书比漫画书多55本，两种书各多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.大巴车数量是中巴车的5倍，大巴车比中巴车多40辆，两种车各多少辆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.哥哥零花钱比弟弟的2倍多13元，哥哥比弟弟多39元，兄弟零花钱各多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.月季花盆数是牡丹花的3倍，月季花比牡丹花多24盆，两种花各多少盆？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.大船载客量比小船的4倍多8人，大船比小船多载40人，大小船各载客多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第12天混合题型·基础+几倍少几综合训练解题要点：混合基础差倍、几倍少几题型，区分“多几”“少几”解题差异，避免题型混淆。1.足球个数是篮球的3倍，足球比篮球多21个，足球篮球各多少个？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.绿萝盆数比多肉的4倍少8盆，绿萝比多肉多32盆，两种绿植各多少盆？_____________________________________________