2025全球绿氢产业格局报告：关键进展、趋势及未来展望

TheGlobalGreenHydrogenLandscape:KeyDevelopments,Trends,andFutureOutlook

TheGlobalGreenHydrogenLandscape:KeyDevelopments,Trends,andFutureOutlook

1.IntroductiontoGreenHydrogen

Greenhydrogen,derivedfromwaterelectrolysispoweredbyrenewableenergy

sourcessuchaswind,solar,orhydropower,representsapivotalelementintheglobaltransitiontowardsasustainableenergyfuture.1Unlikehydrogenproducedfromfossilfuels,itsproductionresultsinzerodirectcarbonemissions,establishingitasacleanandsustainablealternativetoconventionalmethods.1Thiscleanenergycarrieris

particularlycrucialfordecarbonizingsectorsthatarechallengingtoelectrifydirectly,includingheavyindustry,long-haultransportation,andlarge-scaleenergystorage.1Itsinherenthighenergydensityfurtherpositionsitasapromisingalternativefuel,

capableofaddressingsignificantenergydemandsacrossdiverseapplications.6

Theprimarymethodforproducinggreenhydrogeniselectrolysis,aprocessthat

utilizesanelectriccurrenttosplitwatermoleculesintohydrogenandoxygen.1The

efficiencyandeconomicviabilityofthisproductionmethodareheavilyinfluencedby

thetypeofelectrolyzeremployed—suchasAlkaline,ProtonExchangeMembrane

(PEM),orSolidOxideElectrolyzerCells(SOEC)—andthespecificrenewableenergysourceutilized.1Asacornerstoneofasustainableenergyecosystem,greenhydrogenisindispensableforachievingambitiousglobalnet-zeroemissionstargetsby2050

andenhancingenergysecurityworldwide.5Itsexpandingrolesignalsaprofoundtransformationinhowenergyisproduced,distributed,andconsumedglobally.

2.KeyCompaniesDrivingGreenHydrogenDevelopment

Thegreenhydrogensectorisbeingpropelledforwardbyadiversearrayof

companies,rangingfromestablishedindustrialgasgiantstospecializedelectrolyzermanufacturersandinnovativeenergydevelopers.Eachcontributesuniquelytotheburgeoninghydrogeneconomy,leveragingdistinctstrengthsandstrategic

approaches.

GlobalIndustrialGasLeaders

Majorindustrialgascompaniesareplayingasignificantroleinthegreenhydrogentransition,capitalizingontheirextensiveexistinginfrastructureanddecadesof

operationalexperience.

●Linde,headquarteredinDublin,Ireland,isrecognizedasagloballeaderin

installedhydrogengasrefuelingstations,possessingan"unrivalled"hydrogen

infrastructure.10Thecompanyisactivelyinvolvedinlarge-scaleprojects,includingDow'sPath2ZeroinCanada,whichisprojectedtobecomethelargestclean

hydrogenproductionfacilityinthecountryuponitscompletionin2028.10

●AirLiquide,basedinParis,France,hasinstalledover200hydrogenstations

worldwide.10Theirtechnologicalcapabilitiesallowforhydrogenproduction

throughelectrolysisusingrenewableelectricityorviamethane/biomethane

reformingcombinedwithcarboncaptureandstorage.10Anotablestrategic

initiativewastheirco-foundingoftheHydrogenCouncilwithToyotain2017,an

alliancethathassincegrowntonearly150membersacrossvarioussectors,

amplifyingthevoiceofhydrogenontheinternationalstage.10AirLiquidehasalsojoinedtheGlobalHydrogenMobilityAlliancetoacceleratehydrogenmobility

developmentinEurope.10

●AirProducts,aU.S.-basedindustrialgassupplier,bringsover65yearsof

experienceinhydrogenproduction,storage,distribution,anddispensing.10In

2024,thecompanysecuredasubstantial15-yearagreementwithTotalEnergiestosupplymorethan60,000tonnesofgreenhydrogenannuallystartingfrom

2030,asupplyexpectedtopreventover600,000tonnesofCO₂emissionseachyear.10

Thesignificantinvolvementoftheseestablishedindustrialgascompanies

underscoresacriticalunderlyingdynamicinthegreenhydrogentransition.Their

decadesofexperienceinhydrogenhandling,existingproduction,storage,and

distributionnetworks,coupledwithdeepoperationalexpertise,provideasubstantialcompetitiveadvantage.Thisenablesfasterscalingandreducestheperceivedrisks

associatedwithlarge-scalegreenhydrogenprojects.Thedeploymentofgreen

hydrogenisthussignificantlyacceleratedbyadaptingandleveragingtheseexisting

industrialcapabilities,ratherthanexclusivelyrelyingonthecreationofentirelynew

infrastructure.Thisalsoimpliesthatinitialmarketpenetrationforgreenhydrogenmaybestrongestinindustrialsectorswherethesecompaniesalreadyhaveafirm

foothold.

ElectrolyzerandFuelCellSpecialists

Specializedcompaniesareattheforefrontofdevelopingthecoretechnologiesnecessaryforgreenhydrogenproductionandutilization.

●FuelCellEnergyInc.,basedinConnecticut,specializesinDirectFuelCellpowerplantsandisakeyplayeringreenhydrogenproduction,operatingtheworld's

mostexpansivefuelcellparkinSouthKorea.11Thecompanyfocuseson

trigenerationtechnology,whichproduceshydrogen,water,andpowerfrom

naturalgasorbiogaswithareducedcarbonfootprint,andisalsoadvancingSolidOxideElectrolysis(SOEC).11

●SiemensEnergy,aleadingglobalenergytechnologycompanyfromGermany,focusesonProtonExchangeMembrane(PEM)electrolysis,whichisparticularlywell-suitedforintegratingwithintermittentrenewableenergysourceslikewindandsolar.12Theyoperateamulti-gigawattelectrolyzerfacilityinBerlinandhaveformedajointventurewithAirLiquidefortheseriesproductionof

industrial-scaleelectrolyzers.13

●NelASA,agloballeaderinbothalkalineandPEMelectrolyzertechnology,

operatesoneoftheworld'slargestautomatedelectrolyzermanufacturing

facilitiesinHerøya,Norway,withanannualproductioncapacityof1GW.12The

companyisalsoinvolvedinpioneeringprojectssuchasPosHYdon,whichfocusesonoffshorehydrogenproduction.15

●ITMPower,aUK-basedproviderofPEMelectrolyzertechnology,convertsgreenelectricityintogreenhydrogenforvariousapplications,includingstorage.2The

companyrecentlysignedaFront-EndEngineeringDesign(FEED)contractforUniper's120MWgreenhydrogenproject.2

●McPhyEnergy,aEuropeandesignerandmanufacturerofhydrogenequipment,offersbothelectrolyzersandrefuelingstations.12McPhywasselectedtoequipthe100MWGreenH2AtlanticprojectinPortugalwithits"AugmentedMcLyzer"

technology.16

●BallardPowerSystems,aCanadianleaderinprotonexchangemembrane(PEM)fuelcellproducts,developssolutionsthatenablethedecarbonizationof

heavy-dutytransport,includingbuses,trucks,marinevessels,andrail,aswellasstationarypowerapplications.12

●PlugPower,apioneerinthehydrogenfuelcellindustry,isbuildinganintegrated,end-to-endgreenhydrogenecosystemthatincludeselectrolyzers,liquefiers,

storage,transport,anddispensinginfrastructure.12

●CumminsInc.,aU.S.-basedpowersolutionsprovider,possessesexpertise

acrossbothprimaryelectrolysistechnologies(PEM)andfuelcelltechnology.12Thecompanyisdevelopinginnovativehydrogenenginetechnologyaimedat

achievingzeroemissionsby2050,offeringacleanerpowersolutionforvariousapplications.23

EnergyCompaniesandDevelopersDiversifyingintoGreenHydrogen

Traditionalenergycompaniesandspecializeddevelopersareincreasinglyintegratinggreenhydrogenintotheirportfolios,recognizingitsstrategicimportancefor

decarbonization.

●ENGIE,agloballeaderinlow-carbonenergyandservicesbasedinFrance,hasdiversifieditsportfoliotoincludegreenhydrogen.12Thecompanyhasover50

dedicatedexpertsandisinvolvedinmorethan30greenhydrogenprojects

across11countries.3Whilemaintaininga4GWproductioncapacitytarget,ENGIEhasadjusteditstimelineto2035andisinitiallyfocusingondeveloping

smaller-scaleprojectsasapragmaticstartingpoint.24

●Shellplc,aBritish-Dutchmultinational,isactivelypositioningitselfasakey

playerinthehydrogeneconomy.ThisincludestheconstructionoftheHollandHydrogen1plantinRotterdam,a200MWfacilitythatisEurope'slargestgreenhydrogenplant.12Shellalsoholdsa35%equitystakeintheambitiousGreen

EnergyOman(GEO)project.25

●RelianceIndustriesofIndiaismakingsignificantinvestmentsinnewenergy,

includinggreenhydrogenproduction,aspartofitsDhirubhaiAmbaniGreen

EnergyGigaComplex.11Thecompanyaimstointegrate10GWofsolarcapacitybytheendof2026tosupportitsgreenhydrogenproductionambitions.26

●Gen2Energy,aNorwegiangreenhydrogendeveloper,hasfourprojectsplannedinNorway,withatotalpipelineof1GWofhydrogenenergyprojectsexpectedtobeoperationalin2024or2025.29

●Lhyfe,aFrenchgreenhydrogendeveloper,openedtheworld'sfirstindustrialplantforgreenhydrogendirectlyconnectedtoawindfarmin2021.29The

companyoperatesproductionunitsacrossFrance,Germany,Spain,andtheUnitedKingdom.29

●Protium,arenewableenergyprojectdeveloperbasedinLondon,UK,isfocusedonlarge-scalegreenhydrogenprojectsandaimstodevelop1GWofproductionfacilitiesintheUKby2030.29

●ConradEnergyLimited,anindependentpowerproducerintheUK,includesgreenhydrogendevelopmentinitsportfolio,witha3MWprojectatLowestoftPowerParkandover70MWindevelopment.29

●TESH2,headquarteredinBelgium,produceslarge-scalegreenhydrogenfor

varioussectors,includingmobility,industry,andenergy,withoperationsspanningGermany,Belgium,theNetherlands,France,Canada,andtheUnitedStates.29

Thebroadrangeofcompaniesactivelyengagedinthegreenhydrogensector—fromindustrialgasgiantsandspecializedelectrolyzermanufacturerstodiversifiedenergycompaniesanddedicatedgreenhydrogendevelopers—pointstoahighlydiversified

andinterconnectedecosystem.Thissuggeststhatsuccessinthegreenhydrogen

marketwillincreasinglyrelyonstrategicpartnershipsandcollaborationsthatspantheentirevaluechain.Bycombiningexpertiseacrossrenewableenergygeneration,

hydrogenproduction,storage,distribution,anddiverseend-useapplications,thesecollaborationsmitigaterisk,poolresources,andacceleratedeployment.This

integratedapproachisexpectedtofosterthedevelopmentofcomprehensive

"hydrogenvalleys"or"hubs,"whereproduction,distribution,andconsumptionareco-locatedandoptimized.

Table1:LeadingGreenHydrogenCompaniesandTheirContributions

CompanyName

Headquarters

FoundingYear

MarketCap(approx.)

Key

Contributions/Focus

Areas

Notable

Projects/Partnerships

Linde

Dublin,

Ireland

1879

US$222bn20

Global

leaderin

installedH2refueling

stations;

industrial

gases&

technologies

forcleanH2production

Dow's

Path2Zero

(Canada)10

AirLiquide

Paris,France

1902

US$119.93bn10

Global

hydrogen

stations

(200+);

electrolysiswith

renewables,

methane/bio

methanereformingwithCCS

Co-founder

ofHydrogenCouncil;

Global

HydrogenMobility

Alliance10

AirProducts

Pennsylvania,US

1940

US$63.93bn10

Extensive

experienceinH2

production,storage,

distribution,

dispensing;

large-scalegreenH2

supply

15-yeardealwith

TotalEnergies(from

2030);

NEOMGreenHydrogen

Project10

FuelCell

Danbury,US

N/A

N/A

DirectFuel

World'smost

EnergyInc.

Cellpower

plants;

trigeneration&Solid

Oxide

Electrolysis(SOEC)

expansive

fuelcellpark(South

Korea);

partnershipwithMHB

(Malaysia)11

Siemens

Energy

Munich,

Germany

2020

N/A

PEM

electrolysissystems;

comprehensiveenergy

valuechainsolutions

JointventurewithAir

Liquideforelectrolyzer

production;EWECleanHydrogenCoastline12

NelASA

Oslo,Norway

N/A

N/A

Global

leaderin

alkaline&

PEM

electrolyzer

technology;

automated

manufacturing

Herøya

factory(1GW

capacity);PosHYdon

offshoreH2project;

Norwegian

Hydrogen'sRjukan

project12

ITMPower

Sheffield,UK

N/A

N/A

PEM

electrolyzer

technology;greenH2

productionfrom

renewableelectricity

FEED

contractforUniper's

120MWHumber

H2ub®

project;

Hydropulse

subsidiary2

McPhy

Energy

La

Motte-Fanjas,France

N/A

N/A

Designer,

manufacture

r,integratorofH2

equipment(electrolyzers,refueling

GreenH2Atla

nticproject(Portugal,

100MW);

"AugmentedMcLyzer"

technology

stations)

12

BallardPower

Systems

Burnaby,

Canada

1979

N/A

Leading

developer/m

anufacturer

ofPEMfuel

cellproducts

Decarbonizationof

heavy-dutytransport

(buses,

trucks,

marine,rail);Hydrogen

Valley

projects12

PlugPower

Latham,US

N/A

US$2bn20

PioneerinH2fuelcell

industry;

building

end-to-endgreenH2

ecosystem

Electrolyzers

atAmazon;

liquidgreenH2

productionplants;

ProjectQuantumLeap12

CumminsInc.

Columbus,US

N/A

N/A

Expertisein

electrolysis&fuelcelltechnology;hydrogen

engines

HydrogenEngine

AllianceofNorth

America

(H2EA-NA);

HyLYZER®PEM

technology12

ENGIE

Paris,France

2008

N/A

Global

leaderin

low-carbonenergy;

diverseportfolioincludinggreenH2

30+green

H2projectsacross11

countries;GRHYD

project

(Dunkirk)3

Shellplc

London,UK

1907

N/A

Diversifying

intogreenH2;

Holland

Hydrogen1plant

investmentsin

electrolyzer

technology&

infrastructure

(Rotterdam,200MW);

Green

Energy

Oman(GEO)

project(35%stake)12

Reliance

Industries

Mumbai,India

N/A

N/A

Major

investments

innew

energy,

includinggreenH2production

Dhirubhai

Ambani

Green

EnergyGigaComplex;

10GWsolar

integrationby202611

Gen2Energy

Borre,

Norway

2014

N/A

Green

hydrogen

developerin

Scandinavia

1GW

pipeline,4

projectsin

Norway

operational2024/202529

Lhyfe

Nantes,

France

N/A

N/A

Green

hydrogen

developer;

industrial

plantdirectlyconnected

towindfarm

Productionunitsin

France,

Germany,

Spain,UK29

Protium

London,UK

N/A

N/A

Renewableenergy

project

developer;

large-scalegreenH2

projects

Aimingfor1GW

production

facilitiesin

UKby203029

Conrad

Energy

Limited

Abingdon,UK

N/A

N/A

Independentpower

producer;

greenH2

development

3MWproject

atLowestoftPowerPark;70MWin

development29

TESH2

Zaventem,Belgium

N/A

N/A

Large-scalegreenH2

production

formobility,industry,

energy

OperationsinGermany,Belgium,

Netherlands,France,

Canada,US29

3.MajorGreenHydrogenProjectsWorldwide

Theglobalgreenhydrogenlandscapeischaracterizedbyagrowingnumberof

ambitiousprojects,rangingfromlarge-scaleproductionfacilitiestoinnovativepilotinitiatives.Theseprojectsarestrategicallylocatedtoleverageabundantrenewableenergyresourcesandarecrucialforestablishingaviableglobalhydrogeneconomy.

GlobalFlagshipProjects

Severalmega-projectsareleadingthechargeingreenhydrogenproduction,demonstratingsignificantscaleandstrategicpartnerships.

●NEOMGreenHydrogenProject(SaudiArabia):Thisfacilityisunder

constructionandissettobecometheworld'slargestgreenhydrogen-based

ammoniaproductionplant,poweredentirelyby4GWofdedicatedon-sitewindandsolarenergy.30Themega-plantisdesignedtoproduceupto600tonnesperdayofcarbon-freehydrogenintheformofgreenammonia.30Constructionhasreached80%completionacrossallsites,withthewindandsolarpower

generationsitesscheduledforcompletionbymid-2026,andthefirstammoniaproductexpectedin2027.30TheprojectisajointventureoftheNEOMGreenHydrogenCompany(NGHC),ACWAPower,AirProducts,andNEOM.30While

basedonproventechnologies,itsnoveltyliesintheintegrationofthese

technologiesatanunprecedentedscale,utilizingammoniaasacost-effectivesolutionfortransportinghydrogentoglobalmarkets.ThisinitiativealignswithSaudiVision2030andaimstosaveapproximatelyfivemillionmetrictonnesofCO₂emissionsperyear.30

●WesternGreenEnergyHub(WGEH)(Australia):Positionedasoneofthe

world'slargestgreenenergyprojects,theWGEHspans15,000km²inWesternAustralia.32Initiallyplannedasa50GWrenewableenergyproject,ithas

expandedto70GWofwindandsolarpower.32Uponitsprojectedcommissionin2030,itisexpectedtoproducearound3.5milliontonsofgreenhydrogenandapproximately20millionmetrictonsofgreenammoniaannually.33Theproject,aconsortiumofInterContinentalEnergy,CWPGlobal,andMirningGreenEnergyLimited,wasawarded"MajorProjectStatus"bytheAustraliangovernmentin

March2025.33Itwillutilizeanestimated25millionsolarpanelsand3,000windturbines,adoptinga'nodal'conceptwhereapproximately2-3GWrenewablepowernodesaredevelopedwithcorresponding1.5GWelectrolyzers.33

●HyDealAmbition(Spain/WesternEurope):Thisprojectrepresentsthefirst

industrialimplementationoftheHyDealAmbitionplatform,locatedinNorthern

SpainwiththeaimofsupplyinganindustrialcomplexinAsturias.32Theproject

targetsatotalinstalledcapacityof9.5GWofsolarpowerand7.4GWof

electrolyzers,reaching9.5GWby2030.32Productionisslatedtobeginin2025,

followingitsofficialincorporationasanindustrialjointventureinJanuary2022

afterayear-longfeasibilitystudy.32HyDealEspanaisresponsibleformanagingitsdevelopment,funding,andconstruction,withthegoalofenablingtheproductionofgreensteel,greenfertilizers,andotherzero-carbonindustrialandenergy

productsatapricecompetitivewithfossilfuels.32

●GreenEnergyOman(GEO)Project(Oman):Describedasoneoftheworld'smostpromisingcleanfuelshubs,theGEOprojecthasthepotentialtobea

pioneeringinitiativeinsupplyinggreenfuelswithinadecarbonizedeconomy.32Itisexpectedtobedevelopedinphasestoproduceapproximately1.8million

tonnesofgreenhydrogenatfullcapacity.32KeypartnersincludeShellOman,theMinistryofEnergyandMinerals,OQ,andShellInternational,withShellholdinga35%equitystake.25TheprojectinvolvesinvestigatingthedeploymentofLiquifiedSyntheticGas(LSG),whichiscreatedbycombininggreenhydrogenwithcarbondioxidetoproduceliquefiednaturalgas.32

●CWPGAMANGreenHydrogenProject(Mauritania):Thisultra-large-scale

greenhydrogenprojectissituatedintheSaharaDesertofMauritania.33Itis

designedtoutilize30GWofwindandsolarpower,aimingtoproduce1.7milliontonnesofhydrogenand10milliontonnesofammoniaannually.33TheprojectwasinitiallyannouncedinNovember2021atCOP26,withaframeworkagreement

signedinMay2022andafeasibilitystudycompletedinMarch2025.33ItisapartnershipbetweenCWPGlobalandtheMauritaniangovernment.33

●FukushimaHydrogenEnergyResearchField(FH2R)(Japan):Thisproject

utilizes20MWofsolarPVpowergenerationfacilitiesandgridpowertooperatea10MW-classhydrogenproductionunit,whichistheworld'slargestofitskind

poweredbyrenewableenergy.32Theunitcanproduce,store,andsupplyupto

1,200Nm3ofhydrogenperhour.32ToshibahasservedastheleadengineeringandEPCpartner,gainingvaluableexperienceinbalancinghydrogenproductionwithintermittentsolarphotovoltaicoutput.32

●GreenPipelineProject(Portugal):FloenetookahistoricstepinMarch2023byofficiallyintroducinggreenhydrogenintoPortugal'sgasdistributionnetworkin

Seixal.37Thisproject,"TheNaturalEnergyofHydrogen,"issupplyingagroupof82residential,tertiary,andindustrialcustomerswithamixtureofgreenhydrogen

andnaturalgas,graduallyincreasingthepercentageofgreenhydrogenuptoa

maximumof20%.37Thehydrogenisproducedlocallyusing100%renewable

energybyGestene,andtheexistingFloenenetwork,whichis96%polyethylene,ispreparedtoreceiverenewablegaseswithoutrequiringadaptationoradditional

investment.37

Theconcentrationofmassivegreenhydrogenprojectsinregionswithabundant

renewableresources,suchasAustralia,SaudiArabia,Oman,andMauritania,indicatesaglobalcompetitiontoestablishexporthubs.Manyoftheseregionsarenotprimaryhydrogenconsumers,suggestingthattheimpetusforsuchlarge-scaleproductionisinternationaltrade.Therepeatedemphasisongreenammoniaproductioninthese

projects(e.g.,NEOM,WGEH,GEO,AMAN)highlightsitsincreasingimportanceasapracticalandcost-effectivecarrierforlong-distancehydrogentransport.Ammonia'seasierliquefactionandhandlingcomparedtopurehydrogenaddressesasignificantlogisticalchallenge,pointingtowardsthedevelopmentofnewglobalenergytrade

routescenteredongreenammonia.

Whilegrandgigawatt-scaleprojectsareannouncedwithambitiouslong-term

operationaltimelines(e.g.,NEOMaimingfor2027,WGEHfor2030),theseextendedschedulesunderscorethesignificantengineering,financial,andlogisticalhurdles

involvedintheirrealization.Simultaneously,companieslikeENGIEarestrategically

adoptingamoreincrementalapproach,focusingondeveloping"smaller-scale

projectsasarealisticstartingpoint".24ThePortuguese"GreenPipelineProject"

furtherexemplifiesthisbydemonstratingthepracticalintegrationofgreenhydrogenintoexistinggasnetworksonalocalizedscale.37Thisdual-trackstrategy—pursuing

bothambitiousmega-projectsforfutureglobalsupplyandmoreimmediate,localizedintegrationefforts—servestobuilddemand,refinetechnologies,andde-risk

investments.Thispragmatic"crawl-walk-run"approachisanecessaryresponsetothehighcapitalcostsandtechnologicalcomplexitiesinherentinestablishinganewenergyeconomy.

Table2:MajorGlobalGreenHydrogenProjects

Project

Name

Location

Lead

Company/Consortium

Capacity

(GWor

tonnes/year)

Key

Technology

Expected

OperationalDate

NEOMGreenHydrogen

Project

SaudiArabia

NEOMGreenHydrogen

Company(ACWA

Power,AirProducts,NEOM)

600

tonnes/daygreen

ammonia

(from4GW

renewables)

Electrolysis,Ammonia

Production,

Wind,Solar

First

ammonia

202730

Western

Green

EnergyHub(WGEH)

Australia

InterContine

ntalEnergy,

CWPGlobal,Mirning

GreenEnergyLimited

3.5milliontonnes/year

greenH2,20million

tonnes/yeargreen

ammonia

(from70GW

renewables)

Wind,Solar,

Electrolysis,Ammonia

Production

203033

HyDeal

Ambition

(HyDeal

Espana)

Spain/WesternEurope

HyDeal

Espana

9.5GWsolar,7.4GW

electrolyzers

(reaching9.5

GWby2030)

Solar,

Electrolysis

Production

begins202532

Green

Energy

Oman(GEO)Project

Oman

ShellOman,MinistryofEnergyandMinerals,

OQ,Shell

International

1.8million

tonnes/yeargreenH2

(full

capacity)

Electrolysis,Liquified

SyntheticGas(LSG)

N/A(ongoingphases)32

CWPG

AMANGreenHydrogen

Project

Mauritania

CWPGlobal,

Mauritanian

government

1.7million

tonnes/year

H2,10million

tonnes/yearammonia

Wind,Solar,

Electrolysis,Ammonia

Production

N/A

(feasibility

study

completedMarch2025)

(from30GW

renewables)

33

FukushimaHydrogen

Energy

Research

Field(FH2R)

Japan

Toshiba

1,200

Nm3/hourH2

(from20MWsolarPV)

Water

Electrolysis,SolarPV

Ongoing32

GreenPipeline

Project

Portugal

Floene,

Gestene

Supplying82customers

(upto20%H2mix)

Local

RenewableEnergy,

Electrolysis,Pipeline

Blending

Introduced

March202337

4.StrategicInitiativesandPolicyFrameworks

Governmentalandinternationaleffortsareplayingacriticalroleinacceleratingthegreenhydrogeneconomy,providingthenecessarypolicymeasures,financial

incentives,andcollaborativealliancestofosteritsgrowth.

NationalStrategiesandPolicies

Numerousnationshavearticulatedcomprehensivestrategiestopositionthemselvesasleadersintheemerginggreenhydrogenmarket.

●UnitedStates:TheU.S.aimsforgloballeadershipincleanhydrogen,drivenbyitspotentialtocombatclimatechange,enhanceenergysecurity,andgenerate

economicbenefits.8TheBiden-HarrisAdministrationreleasedthefirst-everU.S.NationalCleanHydrogenStrategyandRoadmapinJune2023.Thisstrategy

prioritizeshigh-impactapplications(e.g.,industrial,heavy-dutytransportation,long-durationenergystorage),seekstoreduceproductioncoststo$1per

kilogramwithinadecadethroughtheHydrogenEnergyEarthshotsinitiative,andemphasizesthedevelopmentofregionalnetworks.8Significantfinancial

incentivesunderpinthesegoals,including$8billionallocatedbytheBipartisanInfrastructureLaw(BIL)forregionalcleanhydrogen"hubs,"andaClean

HydrogenProductionTaxCredit(PTC)ofupto$3perkilogramundertheInflationReductionAct(IRA)forhydrogenmeetingstringentlifecycleemissions

standards.38

●EuropeanUnion:TheEUisamajorplayerinthegreenhydrogenindustry,with

ambitiousplanstoproduce10milliontonnesandimportanother10milliontonnesof"renewablehydrogen"by2030.31TheEuropeanCleanHydrogenAlliance,akeyinitiative,bringstogetherindustryleadersandpolicymakerstopromote

investmentsandstimulatecleanhydrogenproductionanduse,aimingfor

industrialleadershipanddecarbonization.29Thealliancehasidentifiedapipelineofover840viableinvestmentprojectsacrossthehydrogenvaluechain.40TheEUisalsodevelopingarobustregulatoryframeworkforhydrogennetworkstoensureclearrules,transparency,andequalaccess,anditsdraftmethodologyfor

low-carbonhydrogenandfuelsisacrucialstepinevaluatingemissionsavings.42Overall,theEUisinvesting$430billioningreenhydrogenby2030toachievethegoalsoftheEuropeanGreenDeal.38

●India:IndialauncheditsNationalGreenHydrogenMissioninJanuary2023,withtheobjectiveofbecomingagloballeaderingreenhydrogenproduction,

consumption,andexport.45Themissionhasaninitialbudgetallocationof₹19,744crore($2.41billion),includingsignificantfundsfortheStrategicInterventionsforGreenHydrogenTransition(SIGHT)programandpilotprojects.45Policymeasuresincludewaiversofinterstatetransmissionchargesforrenewableenergyusedinhydrogenproduction,provisionsforrenewableenergybanking,andstreamlinedprocessesforgridconnectivity.45SeveralIndianstatesarecomplementing

nationalpoliciesbyofferingcapitalsubsidies(25-35%),landatconcessional

rates,andexemptionsonelectricitycharges,whicharecriticalgiventhat

renewableelectricityaccountsforalargeportionofgreenhydrogenproductioncosts.45

●Australia:Australia's2024NationalHydrogenStrategy,releasedinSeptember

2024,aimstopositionthecountryasaglobalrenewablehydrogenleader.46The

strategytargetsboostingannualdomesticproductioncapacitytoover1million

tonnesofgreenhydrogenby2030and15milliontonnesby2050.46KeyincentivesincludetheGreenHydrogenProductionTaxIncentiveprogramandtheexpandedGreenHydrogenHeadstartinitiative.46

●Japan:Japan'sgreenhydrogenvis