安徽芜湖市2025-2026学年度第二学期期末考试高一年级英语试题卷（含答案）

安徽芜湖市2025-2026学年度第二学期期末考试高一年级英语试题卷一、阅读理解ACityArtMuseumVisitorGuideWelcometoCityArtMuseum.Ourmuseumishometomorethan1,200world-classartworks,includingclassicEuropeanoilpaintings,traditionalChinesepaintingsandcalligraphy,modernsculptures,andfantasticthemedspecialexhibitions.Tohelpyouhaveasafe,comfortableandenjoyablevisit,weofferafloorplanaswellasdetailedinformationaboutopeninghours,ticketprices,maincollectionsandallkindsofhelpfulservices.FloorPlanOpeningHoursRegularhours:TuesdaytoSunday9:00-17:00(lastentryat16:30)ClosedonMondays(exceptnationalpublicholidays)*SpecialOpenHoursHall2&Hall5:openonly10:0015:00onSaturdaysandSundaysHall3:closedonthefirstWednesdayofeverymonthAllhallsclose30minutesearlieronthelastFridayofeachmonthTicketPricesAdults:¥40perpersonMiddleandhighschoolstudents(withvalidID):¥20perpersonChildrenunder6andseniorsover70:freeGrouptickets(15peopleormore):25%offFreeadmissionforallonInternationalMuseumDay(May18)MainCollections(*—

Must-see)A(EuropeanHall):17th-19thcenturyoilpaintings*B(TraditionalChineseHall):ancientpaintings&calligraphy*C(ModernSculptureHall):creativemodernsculptures*D(PhotographyExhibitionHall):themephotography&newmediaart*E(CraftArtHall):traditionalhandmadeartworks&intangibleculturalheritagepieces*F(Watercolor&PrintHall):classicwatercolorworks&limited-editionprints*G(GlassArtHall):delicateglassartpiecesH(TemporaryExhibitionHall):seasonalthemedexhibitionsServices&Rules●Nofoodordrinksareallowedinanyexhibitionhall.●Photosareallowedbutcameraflashandtripodsarebanned.●FreeguidedtoursstarteveryhourattheInformationDesk.1.WhenisthebesttimetovisitHall2andHall5?A．At9:30Saturday.B．At14:00Sunday.C．At15:30Sunday.D．At10:00Monday.2.Howmuchshouldagroupof20studentspayintotal?A．¥400. B．¥320. C．¥300. D．¥280.3.Whichmightbetheshortestroutetoenjoyallthemust-seeworksfromtheMainEntrance?A．ACDFGBE B．ACGBEHD C．CADGFEB D．CABGDFEB15-year-oldCassandraLinadmiresordinaryyetunexpectedheroes.InspiredbyastoryaboutaMalawianboywhobuiltwindmillsfrombicyclepartstopowerhisvillage,shecreatedanaward-winningrecyclingprograminherhometown,Westerly,RhodeIsland.Thisprogram,ProjectTGIF(TurnGreaseIntoFuel),encourageslocalpeopleandrestaurantstorecycleusedcookingoil,whichisthenprocessedintobiodieselfuel.ThemoneyearnedfromtheprogramisdonatedtohelpheatthehomesofneedypeopleinWesterly.That’sexactlywhatthispersistenttenthgraderhasdone.Forher,however,it’sjustsomethingshedoeshappilywithherfriendsafterschool.Tomaketheprojectsuccessful,Cassandraandherteameducatedthemselvesthoroughlyonthebiodieselrefiningprocessinvolvingturningusedcookingoilintoclean,usablefuelthroughaseriesofchemicalsteps.Theymadetheirownbiodieselwithpropersafetymeasures,gottwodifferentyouthstart-upfunds,andpersuadedcommunityleaderstosupporttheinitiative.Theydiscernedanon-sustainableemergencyheatingprogramandtheissueofpouringusedfatsandoilsdownintodrainsaskeyproblemsintheircommunity.“Allofourproblemshavesnowballedtogether,”Cassandrasaid.Sheandherteampuzzledoverhowtocombinetheseproblemstogetaone-offsolution.Anarticleoncollectingandrecyclingcookingoilsettledtheproblem.Cassandra’sleadership,foresight,logicalthinking,andcreativitywerecentraltothesuccessofTGIF.Herenthusiasmandenergyhavemotivatedmanytojoinhercause.Despitehergreatachievements,Cassandrastaysdown-to-earth,viewinghereffortsasjustpartofherafter-schoolactivities.WhenremindedthatsheisfeaturedonsocialmediaasamembertotheTunzaInternationalYouthConferenceonClimateChangeinR.O.Korea,keepingalowprofile,sheresponds,“AmI?”4.WhatistheaimofProjectTGIF?A．Toencouragethelocalstoleadahealthylife.B．Toprovidescienceeducationforteenagers.C．ToreducetheuseofcookingoilinWesterly.D．Tofindagreenwaytoprocessusedcookingoil.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discerned”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Identified. B．Solved. C．Created. D．Predicted.6.HowdidCassandraandherteamsolvethecommunity’sproblems?A．Byaskingthegovernmentforemergencyfunds.B．Bycombiningdifferentproblemsintoonesolution.C．Bystoppingrestaurantsfrompouringoilintodrains.D．BydonatingmoneytobuildwindmillsinMalawi.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeCassandra?A．Strictandquiet.B．Enthusiasticandhonest.C．Creativeandmodest.D．Humorousandbrave.CFromTigerMomstoFrenchMamas,parentsaroundtheworldhavelongarguedoverthebestwaytoraisetheirchildren.Anewstudyaddsfreshevidencethatextreme“Mom”authoritarianparentingmaydomoreharmthangood.Thestudyfoundthatauthoritarianparentsaresignificantlymorelikelytoraisedisrespectfulchildrenwithviolentbehaviors,comparedtoparentswholistentotheirkidstobuildtrust.Thisisthefirststudytoexaminehowparentingstylesshapeteens’viewsoftheirparentsand,inturn,theirdailybehavior.Researcherscategorizeparentingintothreebroadtypesbasedondemandandresponsiveness.Authoritativeparentsaredemandingandsetclearrules,buttheyarealsowarm,caringandresponsivetotheirchildren’sneeds.Authoritarianparents,bycontrast,areequallydemandingandcontrolling,buttheyshowlittlewarmth,affectionoropennesstotheirkids’opinions,takinga“mywayorthehighway”approach.Permissiveparentsarewarmandaccepting,buttheysetfewboundariesandrarelyenforcerulesconsistently.Usingdatafromnearly600middleandhighschoolstudentsinNewHampshire,fromalong-termstudyofadolescentdevelopment,UniversityofNewHampshireresearchersfoundthat“mywayorthehighway”parentingwasstronglylinkedtoviolentbehaviorsincludingrobbery,druguseandintentionalphysicalattacks.Firmbutlovingauthoritativeparenting,however,resultedinsignificantlyfewerlawbreakingteens.Surprisingly,permissiveparentingshowedalmostnoclearpositiveornegativeeffectonteens’behavioraloutcomes.Toexplainthislink,researcherssaidthemostimportantfactoriswhetherchildrenviewtheirparents’authorityasreasonable.Thisbeliefdevelopswhenkidstrustthattheirparentsaremakingdecisionsintheirbestinterest,eveniftheydisagreewiththerules.Whenkidsrespectparentalauthoritygenuinely,theirbehaviorimproves.Previousstudieshavealsolinkedfirmbutcaringparentingtobetterself-controlandindependence.“Whenchildrenseetheirparentsasreliablefigures,theyfeeladutytofollowtherules,”saidleadresearcherPickTrinkner.“Thismeansparentsdonotneedtorelyonrewardsandpunishmentstocontrolbehavior,andchildrenwillstillobeyrulesevenwhenparentsarenotpresent.”8.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenauthoritativeparentsandauthoritarianones?A．Authoritativeparentssetnorules;authoritarianonessetextremelystrictrules.B．Authoritativeparentsuserewardsandpunishments;authoritarianonesrelyonforce.C．Authoritativeparentsaredemandingyetcaring;authoritarianonescontrolling,notwarm.D．Authoritativeparentstrusttheirkidscompletely;authoritarianonesdistrustthementirely.9.Whatcanweinferaboutpermissiveparentingfromthethirdparagraph?A．Ithelpsbuildtheclosestparent-childrelationship.B．Itisthemosteffectivewaytoraisekidswithindependence.C．Itresultsinasmanyviolentbehaviorsasauthoritarianparenting.D．Ithaslessnegativeimpactonteens’behaviorthanauthoritarianparenting.10.WhichofthefollowingwouldPickTrinknermostprobablyagreewith?A．Kidswillneverfollowruleswhentheirparentsarenotaround.B．Kids’respectforparentalpowercomesfromtheirtrustinparents.C．Rewardsandpunishmentsarethebestwaytocontrolkids’behavior.D．Kids’behavioraldevelopmentdependsonrewardsandpunishments.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhichParentingStyleWorksBest?B．TigerMomsAreBetterThanFrenchMamas.C．TheHarmofAuthoritarianParentingtoTeenagers.D．HowtoRaiseRespectfulandNon-violentChildren.DWhatdoastronautsandofficeworkershaveincommon?Morethanyoumightthink.A2026healthstudysuggeststhattheexerciseastronautsusetofightmusclelossinspacecanhelpordinarypeopleslowdownagingandreducebackpain.Inspace,microgravitycausesmusclesandbonestoweakenatarapidrate—essentiallyaformofrapidaging.Researchshowsthatastronautscanexperiencesignificantmuscledeclineinjustamatterofmonths,aprocessthatmirrorswhathappenstoordinarypeopleoverdecadesofsittingandinactiveliving.Tofightagainstthis,astronautsperformspeciallightexercisesthattargettheirdeepestcoremuscles,nottheouterstomachmusclesmostpeopleworkonatthegym.Dr.SarahMitchell,wholedthestudy,explains:“Themusclelossastronautsexperienceinmonthsissimilartowhathappenstonormalpeopleoverdecadesofsittingandaging.Scientistshavelongknownthatmicrogravityspeedsupphysicaldecline,butourresearchfoundthatthesameexercisesthatprotectastronautscanalsobenefitthoseofusonEarth.”Soiftheastronauts’routineexercisecanturnaroundtheirmuscleloss,itmightalsoslowdownours.Thekeyliesinactivatingtwosmall,deepmuscles:themultifidusandtransversusabdominis.Thesemusclesactlikeanaturalbelt,supportingthebackbone.Whenthesemusclesbecomeweak,peoplesufferfrombackpain,poorbodyposition,andfasterphysicaldecline.Traditionalexerciseslikesit-upsoftenfailtoactivatethemeffectively.Thestudyrecommendsthreesimplehabits:sittinginachairwithoutleaningback,standingwhileonphonecalls,andpracticingbalanceexercisesforjustfiveminutesaday.These‘anti-gravity’actionsworkbykeepingdeepcoremusclesconstantlybutgentlyactivated—similartohowastronautsmaintainmusclefunctioninspacewithoutheavyequipment.Participantswhofollowedtheroutineforeightweeksreportedsignificantlylessbackpainandfeltmoreenergetic.Unlikehardworkoutsthatrequirespecialequipmentandmuchtime,thisapproachfitseasilyintodailylife.Evensmalleffortscanproducemeaningfulresults.12.Whydoastronautsneedtodospeciallightexercisesinspace?A．Totraintheirouterstomachmusclesasinagym.B．Tostoptherapidweakeningofmusclesandbones.C．Topreparethemselvesforheavyequipmenttraining.D．ToimprovetheirbalancebeforereturningtoEarth.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutdeepcoremusclesfromDr.Mitchell’sstudy?A．Theyareeasytoactivatebydoingtraditionalsit-ups.B．Theystopworkinggraduallyundermicrogravityconditions.C．Theyarethemainmusclestrainedincommongymworkouts.D．Theirconditioniscloselyconnectedwithpeople’sphysicalhealth.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthethreesimplehabitsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Theyrequireuserstomaintainspecialbodypositionsforalongtime.B．Theyweredevelopedforastronautsandthendirectlygiventopeople.C．Theireffectivenesswassupportedbyreportsfromrealparticipants.D．Theyworkbestwhencombinedwithtraditionalgymworkouts.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tocomparethedailylivesofastronautsandofficeworkers.B．Toexplainhowmicrogravityaffectsthehumanbodyinspace.C．Tointroduceaspace-inspiredmethodforimprovingphysicalhealth.D．Toadvertiseanewexerciseprogramthatrequiresspecialequipment.二、七选五Cybersecurity:ASharedResponsibilityintheDigitalAgeTheInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife,connectingpeople,businessesandgovernmentsacrosstheglobe.16.___However,thisconveniencecomeswithhiddendangers,suchasdataleaks,cyberfraudandhackingattacks.17.___Itreferstothepracticeofprotectingcomputers,networksanddatafromdigitalattacks.Theseattacksoftenaimtoaccess,changeordestroysensitiveinformation,orextortmoneyfromusers.Forindividuals,cybersecuritymeansprotectingpersonalprivacyandproperty.Simplehabitscangreatlyreducerisks:usingstrongpasswords,avoidingsuspiciouslinks,andnotsharingIDnumbersorbankdetailsonline.18.___Businessesalsorelyheavilyoncybersecurity.Asingledataleakcanleadtohugefinanciallossesanddamagetoreputation.19.___Theyneedtoupdatesecuritysystemsregularlyandtrainemployeestorecognizepotentialthreats.Onanationallevel,cybersecurityiscrucialtonationalsecurityandsocialstability.Governmentsaroundtheworldarestrengtheninglawsandbuildingadvanceddefensesystems.20.___Inshort,cybersecurityisnotjustajobforexperts.Itisasharedresponsibilitythatrequireseffortsfromindividuals,businessesandgovernments.A．Sowhatexactlyiscybersecurity?B．Manypeoplearestillunawareofonlinerisks.C．Beingcarefulisthebestwaytoprotectourselves.D．Cybercrimehasincreasedrapidlyinrecentyears.E．Italsohelpsmaintainpublictrustindigitalservices.F．Wecanshop,workandcommunicateonlineanytime.G．Therefore,companiesmusttakestrictsecuritymeasures.三、完形填空OnabrightSaturdaymorning,ItookpartinavolunteerbeachcleanupatJawboneMarineSanctuary.Ijoinedintheactivity___21___becausemyfriendinvitedme,ratherthanhavingareal___22___foroceanprotection.Atfirstsight,thebroadbeachseemedneatandclean.Yetaswe___23___alongtheshore,wediscoveredallkindsof___24___.Countlessplasticpieceslayhiddenunderseashells,and___25___shoesandoldtyreswerehalf-buriedinthesanddunes.Iworkedslowlyatthebeginning,feeling___26___andhopingtofinishearly.EverythingchangedwhenI___27___aseaturtleshelltrappedinsideaplasticbag.Icouldn’tstopthinkingabouthowmanyseaanimals___28___plasticforfoodorgetcaughtinsuchrubbish.Deeplytouched,I___29___myselfintotheworkwholeheartedly.Bymid-morning,ourteamhad___30___morethan180kilogramsoflitterintotal.Lookingatthehugepileofwaste,Ifeltashamedofpeople’scarelessacts.Meanwhile,Ifeltproudthatwehadmadeasmall___31___.Icametorealizethatcleaningbeachesismorethanjustclearingawayrubbish.Itisanactof___32___fortheplanetweallshare.Thismeaningfulexperience___33___mywayofthinking.Iusedtobelieveonepersoncouldhardlyhaveanyimpact.NowIunderstandthatsmalleffortscan___34___greatchanges.Fromthenon,Iformedagoodhabit.Ialwayscarry___35___bagsandneverlitter.Iwillkeepdoingmybesttoprotectthemarineenvironment.21.A．namelyB．nearlyC．simplyD．hardly22.A．requestB．passionC．preferenceD．courage23.A．rushedB．stormedC．walkedD．sailed24.A．treasuresB．goodsC．plasticsD．waste25.A．wornB．burnedC．decoratedD．cheap26.A．nervousB．surprisedC．boredD．relaxed27.A．searchedB．spottedC．examinedD．observed28.A．prepareB．selectC．exchangeD．mistake29.A．gotB．turnedC．threwD．devoted30.A．collectedB．pickedC．sortedD．moved31.A．differenceB．pointC．dealD．wish32.A．waitingB．caringC．hopingD．asking33.A．balancedB．controlledC．transformedD．fixed34.A．comedowntoB．adduptoC．resultfromD．relyon35.A．availableB．commonC．cheapD．reusable四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DuringtheSpringFestival,Zhanqi,anancientvillageinAnhui,becameworld-famous36.___its800-year-oldfishlanternshows.Atnight,vividfish-shapedlanternsswaygently,winninggreat37.___(popular)amongpeopleathomeandabroad.ZhengDongjiao,whooncestruggledtomakealivinginmetropolises,38.___(eventual)camebackhome.39.___worriedhimmostwasthatthepreciousfolkcustommightfadeaway,becausemostyoung40.___(resident)hadleftandtheelderlycouldnolongercarryiton.Astheleaderofthelanternparade,Zhengcalledbackyoungvillagers,standardizeddancemovesandpromotedtheculturevialivestreaming.Thefishlanternsnowserveasanemotionalbond,41.___(draw)backyounglocalsandattractingtouriststolearnabouttraditionalChineseculture.Originally,thelanternparade42.___(hold)toprayforsafety.Butnowadays,itstandsforpeople’swishesforhealthandhappiness.43.___(list)asaprovincialintangibleculturalheritagein2022,ithasgreatlyboostedlocaltourism.Thelocalgovernment44.___(aim)todevelopthistraditionintoasustainableindustry.Itwillpassdownvaluableculturalheritageandhelpvillagersliveabetterlife,making45.___ancientcharmlastforever.五、书面表达46.留言写作（80词左右）假定你是李华，近期在伦敦旅游时发现多处景区中文标识翻译错误。请你在伦敦旅游局（VisitLondon）官方网站上留言，内容包括：（1）反映该问题；（2）提出合理建议。注意：词数80左右；不得出现真实人名、地名及学校名称。DearSirorMadam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua47.读后续写（150词左右）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Anandwasplayingwithhisyoungerbrotherinthebackyardofhishome.Suddenly,henoticedsomesparrowswerebusybuildingnests.Twoofthemwerebuildinganestonadecorativetree.Anotherpairwasbusybuildinganestunderthecavesoftheroof,andthethirdpairwastryingtobuildanestamongpipesonthewall.Boththebrothersbecameinterestedandobservedhowthesesparrowsbringstrawsanddrygrasstomaketheirnests.Anandwasafourteen-year-oldhighschoolstudent.Histen-year-oldbrotherVinodstudiedinprimaryschool.Bothofthemwerecleverboys.However,thefatherwasnotsatisfiedwithAnand’sstudiesandhopedhecouldscoremoremarksinmath.Actually,Anandwasweakinmath,andhewasabitlazyandcareless.Hismotheralwaystoldhimhecoulddobetterifheputinmoreeffort,whileAnandsaidhewastryinghishardest.ItwasSundaymorning,andtheweatherwasfine.Anand,Vinod,andGrandfatherwerehavingteainthebackyardafterbreakfast.Vinodwaslookingatthewallwheretwosparrowsweretryingtosetthestrawsanddrygrassinthespacebetweenthepipeandthewall,buttheyfailed.Everytimethestrawordrygrassfelldown,thesparrowscamedown,pickeditup,andagaintried,butitfelldownagain.HesaidtoAnand,“Thesetwosparrowsarestillmakingtheirnest,whileothersparrowshavealreadymadetheirnests.”Anandsaid,“Ithinkthesetwosparrowsdon’tknowhowtomakeanest.”Thenextmorning,Vinodsawthesparrowswerestilltryingtomakeanestbyarrangingstrawsandgrass,butalltheirattemptsweregoinginvain.Thenextday,thewholefamilywasawayfromhomefortwodaystotakepartinamarriageceremonyinanearbycity.注意：续写词数150左右；两段开头已给出。Returningfromthemarriageceremony,whenAnandreachedhisroomheheardtheflutteringofwings_____________________________________________