2026新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册英语Unit 5 A Path Toward a Better World 暑假预习讲义

第第页2026新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册英语Unit5APathTowardaBetterWorld暑假预习讲义📚重点词汇achieve/əˈtʃiːv/v.达到；完成；成功词族拓展：achieve(v.达到)→achievement(n.成就)→achievable(adj.可实现的)

搭配：achievesuccess取得成功/achieveone'sgoal实现目标/asenseofachievement成就感Heachievedhisgoalofbecomingascientist.（他实现了成为科学家的目标。）compete/kəmˈpiːt/v.竞争；参加比赛词族拓展：compete(v.竞争)→competition(n.比赛)→competitor(n.竞争者)→competitive(adj.有竞争力的)

搭配：competewith/againstsb.与某人竞争/competeforsth.为……而竞争/competein参加比赛Theycompetedwitheachotherfortheprize.（他们为奖项互相竞争。）launch/lɔːntʃ/v.发射；启动用法讲解：launch指发射（火箭、卫星）、发起（活动、运动）、推出（产品）。搭配：launcharocket发射火箭/launchacampaign发起运动/launchaproduct推出产品Chinalaunchedanewsatelliteyesterday.（中国昨天发射了一颗新卫星。）virtual/ˈvɜːtʃuəl/adj.虚拟的；模拟的词族拓展：virtual(adj.虚拟的)→virtually(adv.几乎；实际上)→virtualreality(VR)虚拟现实

搭配：virtualworld虚拟世界/virtualclassroom虚拟教室Wecantakeavirtualtourofthemuseumonline.（我们可以在网上进行博物馆的虚拟参观。）charge/tʃɑːdʒ/v.（给……）充电用法讲解（多义！）：①charge(v.)充电：chargethephone给手机充电②charge(n.)费用：freeofcharge免费③charge(v.)负责：inchargeof负责④charge(v.)指控：bechargedwith被指控Ineedtochargemyphone.（我需要给手机充电。）electric/ɪˈlektrɪk/adj.电的；用电的；电动的词族拓展：electric(adj.电的，用电的)→electrical(adj.与电有关的)→electricity(n.电)→electronic(adj.电子的)

辨析：electriccar电动汽车/electricalengineering电气工程/electronicdevice电子设备Thisisanelectriccar.（这是一辆电动汽车。）decision/dɪˈsɪʒn/n.决定，抉择词族拓展：decide(v.决定)→decision(n.决定)→decisive(adj.果断的)

搭配：makeadecision做决定/reachadecision达成决定/adifficultdecision艰难的决定It'sadifficultdecisiontomake.（这是一个艰难的决定。）exactly/ɪɡˈzæktli/adv.精确地；准确地；确切地词族拓展：exact(adj.确切的)→exactly(adv.确切地)→inexact(adj.不确切的)

搭配：exactlyright完全正确/notexactly不完全是That'sexactlywhatImean.（那正是我的意思。）中国文化名片——文化遗产专有名词（中考书面表达高频词）💬重点短语put...intouse投入使用用法讲解：putsth.intouse=bringsth.intouse，表示"把……投入使用"。

同义表达：comeintouse开始使用（不及物）

例句：BDS-1wasputintousein2003.（北斗一号于2003年投入使用。）

Thisnewairportwillbeputintousenextyear.（这座新机场将在明年投入使用。）theotherday几天前；不久前用法讲解：常用于一般过去时。类似表达：afewdaysago/recently。

辨析：theotherday（几天前，过去时）vs.thesedays（这几天，现在时/进行时）vs.someday（将来某天）

例句：IsawLiXiangtheotherday.（我前几天看到李想了。）be/feelproudofsb.为某人感到骄傲用法讲解：同义表达：takeprideinsb.。

例句：Weareproudofourcountry'sachievements.（我们为祖国的成就感到骄傲。）aimtodosth.旨在做某事用法讲解：aim作动词，aimtodo=aimatdoing，表示"旨在/致力于做某事"。

搭配：aimatsth.瞄准/aimhigh志存高远

例句：Theprojectaimstoimprovepeople'slives.（这个项目旨在改善人们的生活。）findone'sway找到……的路用法讲解：搭配：findone'swayto+地点=找到去……的路。

引申义：findone'swayinto进入/渗透到某领域。

例句：GPShelpsusfindourway.（GPS帮助我们找到路。）stepup加快（速度）；加紧用法讲解：stepup表示"加快步伐、加紧努力"。

例句：Weneedtostepupourefforts.（我们需要加紧努力。）can'twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事用法讲解：can'twaitto+动词原形，表示等不及做某事。

例句：Ican'twaittoseeyou!（我迫不及待想见你！）makea(big)difference产生（很大的）影响用法讲解：搭配：makeadifferencein在……方面产生影响/makenodifference没有影响。

例句：Technologyhasmadeabigdifferenceinourlives.（科技给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。）📐语法精讲定语从句(AttributiveClause)在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词/代词叫先行词。⚠️只用that不用which的情况（中考必考！）：

①先行词是不定代词（all,anything,something,nothing,everything）

②先行词被形容词最高级修饰：thebesthotelthatIknow

③先行词被序数词修饰：thefirstonethatcomes

④先行词既指人又指物：thepeopleandthingsthatshewasinterestedin

⑤先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰：theonlyonethatsurvived⚠️注意：介词的选择取决于先行词的搭配关系。

•inthehouse→inwhich（where=inwhich）

•ontheday→onwhich（when=onwhich）

•forthereason→forwhich（why=forwhich）

•固定搭配的介词不能提前：ThisisthebookI'mlookingfor.（✗forwhichI'mlooking）🔑重点句式Itisthe...that...(强调句型/含定语从句)Itistheworld'slargestradiotelescopethatscientistsusetowatchthesky.（它是世界上最大的射电望远镜，科学家用它来观测天空。）Experiencedengineersworkedcloselywith...,passingon...andsolving...Experiencedengineersworkedcloselywithyoungerones,passingonsuccessfulexperienceandsolvingtheproblemsonebyone.（资深工程师与年轻工程师紧密合作，传授成功经验，克服一个又一个难题。）→现在分词短语passingon...和solving...作伴随状语✏配套练习📝练习一：定语从句关系词填空1Chinaisagreatcountry____hasabout5,000yearsofhistory.2Theman____isplayingbasketballisYaoMing.3Thisisthebook____Iboughtyesterday.4Iremembertheday____Ifirstcametothisschool.5Thisistheschool____Istudy.6Idon'tknowthereason____shewaslate.7Heistheboy____parentswenttoCanadalastyear.8That'sall____Icoulddoatthattime.（只用that）9Thisisthebesthotel____Iknow.（只用that）10Thegirl____youmetyesterdayismysister.【参考答案】1.that/which2.who/that3.that/which4.when5.where6.why7.whose8.that9.that10.whom/who/that📝练习二：词汇填空1He____(达到)hisgoalofbecomingascientist.2They____(竞争)witheachotherfortheprize.3China____(发射)anewsatelliteyesterday.4Wecantakea____(虚拟的)touronline.5Ineedto____(充电)myphone.6Thisisan____(电动的)car.7It'sadifficult____(决定)tomake.8That's____(确切地)whatImean.【参考答案】1.achieved2.competed3.launched4.virtual5.charge6.electric7.decision8.exactly📝练习三：词族转换1achieve(v.)→____(n.成就)2compete(v.)→____(n.比赛)→____(n.竞争者)→____(adj.有竞争力的)3decide(v.)→____(n.决定)4exact(adj.)→____(adv.确切地)5electric(adj.)→____(n.电)→____(adj.电子的)【参考答案】1.achievement2.competition;competitor;competitive3.decision4.exactly5.electricity;electronic📝练习四：短语填空1BDS-1was____________in2003.（投入使用）2IsawLiXiang____________.（几天前）3We____________ourcountry'sachievements.（为……感到骄傲）4Theproject________improvepeople'slives.（旨在）5I____________seeyou!（迫不及待）6Technologyhas________________inourlives.（产生很大影响）【参考答案】1.putintouse2.theotherday3.areproudof4.aimsto5.can'twaitto6.madeabigdifference📝练习五：定语从句只用that的情况判断1Thisisthemostinterestingnovel____Ihaveeverread.2Everything____hesaidistrue.3Hewastheonlyone____survivedinthefire.4Thefirstone____comestoschoolwillbepraised.5LiHongtookphotosofthepeopleandthings____shewasinterestedin.【参考答案】1-5全部填that（①最高级②不定代词③theonly④序数词⑤既指人又指物）📝练习六：定语从句介词+关系代词/关系副词转换1Thisisthehouse____Ilivedlastyear.（改为介词+which）→Thisisthehouse________Ilivedlastyear.2Iremembertheday____wefirstmet.（改为介词+which）→Iremembertheday________wefirstmet.3Theladyto____youjusttalkedismyteacher.（填关系代词）4Thatisthereason____hewaslate.（改为for+which）→Thatisthereason________hewaslate.5选择填空：I'llneverforgettheday____wespenttogether.（that/when）6选择填空：Thisistheschool____Istudiedforthreeyears.（which/where）【参考答案】1.where→inwhich2.when→onwhich3.whom4.why→forwhich5.that（spent缺宾语→代词）6.where（studied不及物→副词）📝练习七：任务型阅读（中考题型）阅读短文，回答问题（每空不超过5个词）。Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinscienceandtechnologyinrecentyears.FAST,alsoknownas"ChinaSkyEye",istheworld'slargestradiotelescope.ItwasbuiltinGuizhouProvinceandwascompletedin2016.TheBDS(BeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem)wasputintousein2020andprovidesservicesforpeoplearoundtheworld.Self-drivingcarsarebeingtestedinmanycities.Cleanenergy,suchassolarpowerandwindpower,iswidelyusedtoprotecttheenvironment.AItechnologyisalsodevelopingrapidlyinChina.1WhatisFASTalsoknownas?→____________________2WhenwasFASTcompleted?→In____.3