高级综合商务英语2（第二版） 课件 Unit 5 Clean Energy

UnitFive

CleanEnergyLead-in

Lead-in

Discussion1.Whatiscleanenergy?Cleanenergyreferstoenergysourcesthatproducenoclimate-warminggreenhousegasemissionsintheiroperation.2.Whatarethedifferenttypesofcleanenergy?Cleanenergyincludeshydropower,geothermalenergy,solarenergy,windenergy,biomassenergy,nuclearenergy,tidalenergy,andotherformsofoceanenergy.

Lead-in

DiscussionTextAHowtoJump-StarttheClean-TechEconomyStructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopics

1-6ThroughthecaseofThomasEdison’sinventionofthelightbulb,theauthorholdsthatthekeytodevelopcleanenergyistomakeamajorinfrastructuralshift.7-13Someconcretemeasuresastohowtotransformtheexistingframework.14-18Whatshouldgovernmentdotoboostthedevelopmentofcleanenergy.

19-29ThedescriptionoftheMasdarCityProject.PartI

QuestionsaboutPartIQ.Accordingtothearticle,whydidThomasEdisonsucceedinintroducingthelightbulb?BecauseEdisonconceivedacoherentcommercialsystemhislightbulbwouldneedandsetaboutmethodicallycreatingit.Hedidn’tjustinventalightbulb.Hedesignedatechnicalplatformthatincludedgenerators,meters,andtransmissionlines.Thenhepilotedtheprojectinanidealtestmarket―LowerManhattan,whichwasfilledwithenthusiasticearlyadopters;andheusedhisclouttogettheregulatorysupportheneededtopromotehisinvention.SiliconValleyisteemingwithnewprojectsinthisfield,andboldpolicyproposalsareflyingaroundinsidetheBeltway.(Line2,Para.1)SiliconValleyisteemingwithnewprojectsinthisfield,andboldpolicyproposalsoncleanenergydevelopmenthavebecomethemainconcernofUSgovernment.PartI

SentenceInterpretationStart-upspredictablystrugglewhencompetinghead-onagainstincumbentsinestablishedmarkets.(Line4,Para.2)Itisobviousthatnewlycreatedclean-techbusinessesarelikelytobedefeatediftheyuseconventionalbusinessmodelstocompetedirectlywithdominantcompaniesinthematureclean-techmarket.PartI

SentenceInterpretationDisruptivemarketforcescouldovermanyyearsenablecleantechnologiestosupplantfossilfuelsthewaythePCreplacedthemainframe.(Line5,Para.2)Overtime,transformativemarketandtechnologicalchangesmayallowcleanenergytofullyreplacefossilfuels,justaspersonalcomputers(PCs)tookoverfromlargemainframecomputers.PartI

SentenceInterpretationOthershaddesigneddecentlightbulbs,butwithoutcoherentcommercialsystemstheirinventionswerefornaught.(Line1,Para.6)Othershaddesigneddecentlightbulbs,butbecausetheyfailedtodesignacommercialsystemfortheirinventions,theireffortswereinvain.PartI

SentenceInterpretationpledge(Para.1)v.topromisesolemnlytogive(support,etc)

synonyms:vow;promiseexamples:pledgesomethingtosomething/somebody

Moorepledged$100,000totheorchestraatthefund-raisingdinner.pledgetodosomething

Thenewgovernorpledgedtoreducecrime.pledgethat

Herrerapledgedthathiscompanywillgiveaidtoschools.PartI

WordsandExpressionspumpinto(Para.1)vp.toinvestmuchmoneyinexample:The

firmpumpedmoneyintothedevelopmentofthenewproduct.PartI

WordsandExpressionssupplant(Para.2)v.totaketheplaceofapersonorthingsothattheyarenolongerused,nolongerinapositionofpower,etc.synonym:replaceexamples:Oilhassupplantedcoffeeasourmainexport.Thepartyleaderhasbeensupplantedbyhisrival.PartI

WordsandExpressionsmapout(Para.4)vp.toplancarefullyhowsomethingwillhappenexample:Herownfuturehadbeenmappedoutforherbywealthyandadoringparents.PartI

WordsandExpressionsQ1.Whatdoesthenewsystemimportanttocleantechconsistof?Itconsistsoffourindependentandmutuallyreinforcingcomponents:anenablingtechnology,aninnovativebusinessmodel,acarefulmarket-adoptionstrategy,andafavorablegovernmentpolicy.PartII

QuestionsaboutPartIIQ2.Whatdoesaninnovativebusinessmodelinclude?Andwhatroledoesitplayintransformingthesystem?Thebusinessmodelconsistsofthecustomervalueproposition,theprofitformula,andthekeyresourcesandprocessesthecompanymustcombinetodelivertheoffering.Companiescandeliverthatofferingataprofit.PartII

QuestionsaboutPartIIinstigate(Para.8)v.

tomakeaprocessstart,especiallyonerelatingtolaworpolitics

synonym:initiate

example:Charlesinstigatedaprogramofreforms.PartII

WordsandExpressionsviable(Para.8)adj.

aviableidea,plan,ormethodcanworksuccessfully

synonym:workable

example:Thecommitteecameforwardwithoneviablesolution.PartII

WordsandExpressionsincubate(Para.13)v.

(causesth.to)developslowlyandpatiently

synonym:cultivateexample:Plansforrevolutionhadlongbeenincubatingintheirminds.PartII

WordsandExpressionsQ.WhatroledoesGovernmentplayinadvancingtheclean-techdiscourse?Governmentshouldsupportnascenttechnologiesaswellasbusinessmodels.Inaddition,itshouldamendregulationsthatinhibitthedevelopmentofcleantechnologies.PartIII

QuestionsaboutPartIIIalleviate(Para.16)v.tomakesomethinglesspainfulordifficulttodealwithsynonyms:lessen;

easeexample:Theyalleviatedtheboredomofwaitingbysingingsongs.PartIII

WordsandExpressionsreferendum(Para.17)n.

referringofapoliticalissuetoageneralvotebyallthepeopleofacountryforadecisionexample:ThecitycouncilagreedtoholdareferendumontheissueinNovember.PartIII

WordsandExpressionsQ1.WhatarethefivedistinctunitsdoestheMasdarInitiativeconsistof?Theunitsincludeacity-developingunit,aninvestmentarm,anindustriesunit,acarbonstrategiesunit,andtheworld’sfirstclean-tech-focuseduniversity.PartIV

QuestionsaboutPartIVQ2.WhatadvantagesdoesMasdarhavebecauseofthegovernmentpolicy?

Masdarhasthelandgrantedbythegovernment,whereforeigncompaniescanavoidotherwiseonerousnative-ownership,andentrepreneurshipandinnovationareencouraged.PartIV

QuestionsaboutPartIVThecompaniesMasdarinvestsin,forexample,willhaveaninsidetrackonbidstosupplyMasdarCity,officespaceinthecity,andaccesstotheuniversity’sresources.(Line2,Para.23)ThecompaniesMasdarinvestsin,forexample,haveanadvantageinthebiddingtosupplyMasdarCity,andtheywillhavemoreofficespaceandaccesstotheuniversity’sresources.PartIV

SentenceInterpretationleverage(Para.19)v.tomakemoneyavailabletosomeoneinordertoinvestortobuysomethingsuchasacompanyexample:Theinstitutionusespublicfundstoleverageprivateinvestment.PartIV

WordsandExpressionsretrofit(Para.26)n.

the

improvementofamachine,pieceofequipment,building,etc.byputtingnewandbetterpartsinitafterithasbeenusedforsometimeexample:Thecompanyhasmadeplansfortheretrofitoftheoilboilers.PartIV

WordsandExpressionsonerous(Para.27)adj.

difficultandworryingormakesyoutiredsynonyms:arduous;burdensomeexample:ThisisthemostoneroustaskIhaveeverundertaken.PartIV

WordsandExpressionsTextBChina’sPlantoCutCoalandBoostGreenGrowthStructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopics

1-5China’shugeneedforenergyandattemptstoaddresstheeneryneeds.6-13China’sactiontosolvetheproblemofairpollution.14-20Measurestoincreasepowerstorage.

21-22Developmentofbatterytechnologytodriveelectroniccars.23-30Futureplanfordevelopingrenewableenergy.China’shugeneedforenergyandattemptstoaddresstheeneryneeds：

Chinahasahugeneedforenergyduetoitsrapidgrowthinpopulationandeconomy,hugemanufacturingindustry,andmassmigration.Chinaistryingtoaddresstheenergyneedsbycutingdowntherelianceonfossilfuelsandinvestinginrenewableenergy.Para.1-5China’sactiontosolvetheproblemofairpollution:Burningofcoalandothernon-renewablescausesairpollution.Tosolvethisproblem,Chinaisdevelopinglow-costsolarandwindpowertoreplacefossilfuels,andisdevelopingpoliciesonenergystoragetechnologiestoincreasetheavailabilityofrenewableenergy.Para.6-13Measurestoincreasepowerstorage:A400-megawatt-hour(MWh)energy-storagefacilitywassetupinDalianandcompaniesareinvestinginvanadiumflowbatterytechnology.

Para.14-20Developmentofbatterytechnologytodriveelectriccars:Chinawillcontinuetodevelopadvancedbatterysystemssothatelectriccarscanbedrivenfartherononecharge.Para.21-22Futureplanfordevelopingrenewableenergy:Chineseresearchersandenterpriseskeepadvancingcleanenergyandenergystoragetechnologies.Withtherightpoliciesandtechnologies,Chinacangraduallyreduceitsrelianceoncoal.Para.23-30Situation1)

Participants1-2:Youareinfavorofthefirstone—CarbonTax.YouneedtoexplainhowCarbonTaxworksandthereasonswhyCarbonTaxshouldbepreferredtoCarbonTrading.Forexample,enforcingCarbonTaxincreasesthepriceofusingfossilfuels,therebydecreasingthequantitydemandedbyindustries,whichcontributestocleanenergydevelopmentinthelongrun.Inaddition,ithelpsincreasetherevenuesofthegovernmentwherebymoreinvestmentscanbemadeinnewenergydevelopment.AndcomparedwithCarbonTrading,itiseasiertoenforceonabroaderscale.SpeakingGroupDiscussion2)

Participants3-4:Youareinfavorofthesecondone—CarbonTrading.YouneedtoexplainhowCarbonTradingworksandthereasonswhyCarbonTradingshouldbepreferredtoCarbonTax.Forexample,thismarket-basedmethodprovidesflexibilityforcarbonmarketparticipantsrequiredtoreduceemissionsandcreatesincentivesforthem.AndCarbonTradingmakesemissionsreductionmoreefficientandeffectivebysettingspecifictargetswhileCarbonTaxdoesn’tensurethatcarbonreductiontargetswillbemet.Besides,CarbonTaxmayincreasethepriceofener