UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 高中英语必修第二册

UNIT4

HISTORYANDTRADITIONS必修第二册内容索引·佳作抢鲜背·语境背诵·Part1核心要点突破狂背单词狂背短语·语基默写狂背佳句·Part2基础达标检测·双写培优练(2021·八省市联考卷)去年作者的汽车出现了三次故障，大多数人都懒得帮忙，作者对此感到很厌烦。有一次，他的汽车又出故障了。他在路边求助了接近3个小时，没有人停下来帮忙。就在他打算放弃的时候，一个过路的墨西哥家庭停下来，提供了帮助……续写思路：对方女儿问是否吃午餐——尴尬回应——给我纸袋——打开纸袋发现食物——见证温情

佳作抢鲜背学续写思路，背精彩范文(主题语境：人与社会之助人为乐)WhenI

was

about

to

say

goodbye，the

girl

asked

if

I’d

had

lunch.NotuntilthendidIhearmystomachrumbling.(与首句衔接)Shakingmyheadawkwardly，Isaid，“Icangetlunchsomewhereonmywayback，”

notwantingtobotherthewarm-heartedfamilyanymore.“Waitaminute，sir，”thegirlstammeredinbrokenEnglish，sensingmyembarrassment.Inafewseconds，thegirlturnedup，withapaperbagheldtightlyinherhand.“Hereyouare，”shehandedittome.Ithankedthefamily，andthenwewavedgoodbyewithbestwishesforeachother.(与次段首句衔接)After

they

left，I

got

into

my

Jeep

and

opened

the

paper

bag...(请根据首句提示尝试完成第二段续写。精彩范文见下一单元。)精彩范文1.富有表现力的形容词和副词 awkwardly，warm-hearted，tightly2.精彩的动作描写 ①Shakingmyheadawkwardly ②stammeredinbrokenEnglish3.提分高级句式 (1)倒装句：NotuntilthendidI... (2)现在分词短语作状语：notwantingto...，sensingmyembarrassment (3)with复合结构：withapaperbagheldtightlyinherhand学习借鉴阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021·八省市联考卷)Duringthispastyear，I’vehadthreeinstancesofcartrouble.Eachtimethesethingshappened，Iwassickofthewaymostpeoplehadn’tbotheredtohelp.Oneofthosetimes，IwasonthesideoftheroadforclosetothreehourswithmybigJeep.Iputsignsinthewindows，bigsignsthatsaidNEEDAJACK(千斤顶)，andofferedmoney.Nothing.RightasIwasabouttogiveup，aMexicanfamilyinasmalltruckpulledover，andthefatherboundedout.Hesizedupthesituationandcalledforhisdaughter，whospokeEnglish.HeconveyedthroughherthathehadajackbutthatitwastoosmallfortheJeep，sowewouldneedsomethingtosupportit.Thenhegotasaw(锯子)fromthetruckandcutasectionoutofabiglogonthesideoftheroad.Werolleditoverandputhisjackontop，andwewereinbusiness.Istartedtakingthewheeloff，andthen，ifyoucanbelieveit，Ibrokehistireiron.Noworries:Hehandedittohiswife，andshewasgoneinaflashdowntheroadtobuyanewtireiron.Shewasbackin15minutes.Wefinishedthejob，andIwasaveryhappyman.Thetwoofusweredirtyandsweaty.Hiswifepreparedapotofwaterforustowashourhands.Itriedtoputa$20billintheman’shand，buthewouldn’ttakeit，soinsteadIwentuptothetruckandgaveittohiswifeasquietlyasIcould.Iaskedthelittlegirlwheretheylived.Mexico，shesaid.TheywereinOregonsoMommyandDaddycouldworkonafruitfarmforthenextfewweeks.Thentheywouldgohome.Ⅰ.阅读单词1.Confuciusphilosophy孔子哲学2.oneofConfucius’descendants孔子的后代之一3.theUnitedKingdom联合王国4.sharethesamecurrency共用同样的货币5.takemilitaryaction采取军事行动6.conquerthewholeworld征服全世界7.befondofhoneypeach喜欢水蜜桃语境背诵8.acommonancestor一个共同的祖先9.asnackbar小吃店10.twentyheadofcattle

二十头牛11.drinkawholebottleofwine喝了整整一瓶酒12.aglassofbeer一杯啤酒13.astrikingfeature显著的特征Ⅱ.核心单词1.individualeconomy个体经济2.payavisittoanearbytown参观附近的一个小镇3.anancientportcity一座古老的港口城市4.theartgallery美术展览馆5.beautifulnaturallandscape美丽的自然风景6.inmemoryofaChinesepoet为了纪念中国的一位诗人7.asbeautifulasthecalmocean像平静的大海那样美丽8.atypicalEnglishpub一个典型的英国酒吧9.alocalcustom当地的风俗

1.chiefadj.最重要的；最高级别的

n.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长2.battlen.战役；搏斗；较量；争论；斗争

vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗3.chargen.收费；指控；主管

vt.收费；控告；充电4.amountn.金额；数量vi.总计，共计；相当于，等于5.approachn.方法；途径；接近

vt.接近；接洽；着手处理

vi.靠近6.buttern.黄油；奶油

vt.涂黄油于7.positionn.位置；姿态；职位

vt.安装；安置8.feastn.盛宴；宴会；节日9.rollvi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动；(雷或鼓)隆隆作响

n.卷(轴)；翻滚10.dotn.点；小(圆)点

vt.加点；遍布11.roarvi.&n.吼叫；咆哮12.transitionn.过渡；转变；变迁

Ⅲ.派生单词1.puzzlen.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzledadj.迷惑不解的→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的2.belongvi.应在(某处)；适应→belongingn.归属→belongingsn.所有物；财产3.defendvt.保护；保卫→defencen.防御；保卫4.legaladj.法律的；合法的→legallyadv.合法地→illegaladj.不合法的5.surroundvt.围绕；包围→surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn.周围的事物；环境

6.evidentadj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的；显然的→evidencen.证据；证明7.achievevt.完成；达到→achievementn.成就；成绩；达到8.locatevt.位于，坐落于→locationn.地方；地点；位置9.fascinatevt.使着迷，使神魂颠倒→fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的；迷人的10.announcevt.宣布；通知；声称→announcementn.公告，通告；宣布→announcern.广播员11.sureadj.确信的，可靠的→ensurevt.保证；确保；担保12.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosityn.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量13.eageradj.热切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.热心地；急切地→eagernessn.渴望；热心14.greetvt.问候；迎接→greetingn.问候，招呼15.crowdn.人群；一群人；民众

vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的

1.join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来2.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱3.belongto属于4.worktogetherinsomeareas在某些领域合作5.aswellas同(一样也)；和；还6.makeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable使你的旅途更加愉快7.countlesshistoricsites无数的历史遗迹8.bereferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain被称为英国或大不列颠9.datebacktoRomantimes追溯到罗马时代10.keepyoureyesopenforopportunities留意机遇11.haveagreatinfluenceonitspeopleandtraditions

对它的人民和传统有很大的影响12.afeastfortheeyes视觉盛宴13.bedottedwithsheepandcattle牛羊点缀其中

1.TheUnitedKingdom，GreatBritain，Britain，England—manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.(what引导宾语从句)

联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。2.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem，ifany？(if省略结构)

如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？3.Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(分词短语作定语)

像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。

4.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.(havesthdone)他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。5.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.(if引导条件状语从句)

如果留心去观察，英国的过去和现在都将展示在你的面前，令你叹为观止。6.Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.(with复合结构；自然风光描写) “绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。

7.Withallthisbeauty，itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic，dancing，anddining.(Itis＋adj.＋that...)

乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这些浓厚的传统包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。

【词汇拓展记忆】前缀/后缀-en动词集锦各种“环境，情况”表达①large→enlarge扩大；使增大②rich→enrich使充实③able→enable使能够④sure→ensure使确信⑤short→shorten缩短；使变短⑥broad→broaden拓宽⑦fright→frighten使害怕①circumstances环境；情况②condition状况，情况③environment环境，周围状况；自然环境④situation情况；状况⑤surroundings环境；周围的事物有无“the”含义大相径庭的短语①inchargeof

掌握；负责inthechargeof在……掌管之下②inpossessionof占有inthepossessionof被……占有③incontrolof控制；管理inthecontrolof在……控制下Ⅰ.单词拼写一、阅读单词——知其意语基默写1.kingdomn.

________________2.currencyn. ________________3.militaryadj. ________________4.conquervt. ________________5.buttern. ________________ vt. ________________王国；领域通货；货币军事的；军用的占领；征服；控制黄油；奶油涂黄油于6.ancestorn.

___________________7.snackn.

___________________8.feastn.

___________________9.rollvi.&vt.

___________________ n.

___________________10.dotn.

___________________ vt.

___________________11.cattlen.

___________________12.roarvi.&n.

___________________13.winen.

___________________14.beern.

___________________15.strikingadj. ___________________祖宗；祖先点心；小吃盛宴；宴会；节日(使)翻滚；(使)滚动卷(轴)；翻滚点；小(圆)点加点；遍布牛吼叫；咆哮葡萄酒；果酒(一杯)啤酒引人注目的；显著的二、核心单词——写其形1.____________adj.最重要的；最高级别的

n.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长2.____________n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景3.____________n.港口(城市)4.____________n.金额；数量vi.总计，共计；相当于，等于5.____________n.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊6.____________n.位置；姿态；职位vt.安装；安置7.____________n.大海；海洋8.____________n.酒吧；酒馆

chieflandscapeportamountgallerypositionoceanpub■结合语境运用单词9.Withthepurposeofenrichingstudents’schoollife，thefestivalfocusesonChinesecultureand____________(习俗).10.Wepaidavisittothe__________(附近的)nursinghomelastSaturdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival.11.PeoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinmemoryofQuYuan，aChinese____________(诗人).12.Thepowerofthe____________(个人)islimited，whilethepowerofthemassesislimitless.13.Towardevening，asthey____________(靠近)theport，theskywasmisty.14.Ensurethatyougetyourbattery____________(充电)beforeyousetofffromyouroffice.customsnearbypoetindividualsapproachedcharged三、拓展单词——通其变1.belongvi.应在(某处)；适应→____________n.归属→____________n.所有物；财产2.defendvt.保护；保卫→____________n.防御；保卫3.legaladj.法律的；合法的→____________adv.合法地→____________adj.不合法的4.evidentadj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的；显然的→____________n.证据；证明5.locatevt.位于，坐落于→____________n.地方；地点；位置6.fascinatevt.使着迷，使神魂颠倒→____________adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的

belongingbelongingsdefencelegallyillegalevidencelocationfascinating7.sureadj.确信的，可靠的→____________vt.保证；确保；担保8.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→__________n.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量9.eageradj.热切的；渴望的→____________adv.热心地；急切地→____________n.渴望；热心10.greetvt.问候；迎接→____________n.问候，招呼

ensuregenerosityeagerlyeagernessgreeting■利用语境串记单词11.Sheworea____________expressiononherfacebecauseshewas____________abouta____________problem.(puzzle)12.Wealwaysdreamofhavingahouse____________bytrees，flowersandgrass.Ifwecanliveinsuchbeautiful____________，wemustbehappyeveryday.Asisknown，the____________environmentcanalwayshaveapositiveeffectonus.(surround)13.Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundto______yourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity，whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseof____________.(achieve)puzzledpuzzledpuzzlingsurroundedsurroundingssurroundingachieveachievement14.Mary____________toherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy.The________________oftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.(announce)15.Themeetingroomisquite____________，withalotofpeople____________init.(crowd)

announcedannouncementcrowdedcrowdingⅡ.短语填空1._______________________脱离；背叛；逃脱2._______________________把……和……连接或联结起来3._______________________属于4._______________________留心；留意5._______________________把……称为；认为是6._______________________导致7._______________________追溯到8._______________________对……有很大影响9._______________________同(一样也)；和；还10._______________________视觉盛宴

breakaway(fromsb/sth)join...to...belongtokeepyoureyesopen(for)referto...asresultindatebacktohaveagreatinfluenceonaswellasafeastfortheeyes■根据语境选词填空11.Today，I’mhonoredtobeheretosharewithyouthebenefitsofsports________________mypersonalexperiences.12.Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym，theworkoutpartnermust________________thesamegym.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)13.Whilevisitingthepalace，____________________，andyouwillsurelyberewardedwith_________________.14.OnlythendidIrealizethatitwassofoolishofme___________________allofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.15.Wearesupposedtohavespecificdreams，which_______________________ourlife.aswellasbelongtokeepyoureyesopenafeastfortheeyestobreakawayfromhaveagreatinfluenceonⅢ.句式仿写1.句型公式：Itis＋adj.＋that...你昨天晚上熬夜到那么晚，今天发困不足为奇。Youstayedupsolatelastnight；_______________________________________.itisnotsurprisingthatyoufeelsleepytoday2.句型公式：if省略结构我的作文可能有些错误。如果有的话，请帮我指出来。(求助信)Theremaybesomemistakesinmycomposition.__________________________________________________________________.Ifany，pleasehelpmepointthemout3.句型公式：with复合结构一看到这可怕的场景，他们吓得动弹不得，心怦怦直跳。(心理描写)Onseeingthefrighteningscene，theyweretooscaredtomoveaninch，___________________________________________________________________.withtheirheartsbeatingwildly1.surroundvt.围绕；包围→surroundingadj.周围的；附近的→surroundingsn.周围的事物；环境

【佳句背诵】

Itiswisetosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewhohaveahighlevelofself-discipline.(建议信)交一些高度自律的朋友是明智的。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①____________(surround)bygreentrees，thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.Thereisasmallriverflowingthroughthefarm.(景点介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Part1核心要点突破Surrounded②Inaword，youarewelcometoourschoolandIhopeyoucanadapttothenew____________(surround)soon.③Theproblemofgarbagepollutionisgettingsoseriousthatmanycitiesaroundtheworld___________________________________________________.(环境保护)垃圾污染的问题变得如此严重，世界上许多城市现在都被垃圾包围。

【用法归纳】

surroundingssurround...with...用……包围/围绕……besurroundedby/with...被……包围

arenowbeingsurroundedbygarbage2.chargen.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲【佳句背诵】

LastweekwehadaheateddebateaboutwhethercitizenscanaccesstheScienceMuseumfreeofcharge/forfree.上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Wehaveenoughconfidencetochargeyou____________abuseofpower.②Iwill__________________________________________________designedtointroducetraditionalChineseculturetoforeigners.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。

withbeinchargeof/takechargeofathemeclassmeeting③Learningthattheshopowner_________________________________________，Ifeltawaveofwarmthandgratitudewellingupwithinme.(情感描写)得知店主没有收我买礼物的钱，我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。【用法归纳】

chargedmenothingforthepresent·chargesbwith(doing)sth＝accusesbof(doing)sth指控某人犯……罪chargesb(...)forsth因某事/物向某人收费·freeofcharge＝forfree免费inchargeof掌管(表状态)takechargeof掌管(表动作)inthechargeof被……掌管；由……负责

3.amountn.金额；数量vi.总计，共计；相当于，等于【佳句背诵】

Alargeamountofmoneyraisedinthecharitysalehasbeendonatedtothelocalschool.(活动介绍)在慈善义卖中筹集的一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Alargeamountofmoney________________(spend)ontheconstructionoftheschoollastyear.→Largeamountsofmoney________________(spent)ontheconstructionoftheschoollastyear.wasspentwerespent②Tosolvetheproblem，weshouldeconomizeonresourcesinorderthat____________________________________________________________.(环境保护)为了解决这个问题，我们应该节约资源，以减少垃圾的数量。③ThemoneyIearnedduringthesummerholiday_________________________，whichcouldhelpsupportmyfamily.(2021·浙江6月卷)暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。

wecanreducetheamountofgarbageamountedto300dollars【用法归纳】

·theamountof...……的数量·“大量/少量的”表达：alarge/smallamountof＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)large/smallamountsof＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)·amountto共计，总计；等于，相当于

4.approachn.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近【佳句背诵】

WiththeMid-AutumnFestivalapproaching，I’dliketoinviteyoutojoinusincelebratingit.(邀请信)中秋节快到了，我想邀请你和我们一起过中秋节。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Thefiguresofthechartshowtherearevariousapproachesto____________(learn)Englishbeyondtheclassroom.(语言学习，2022·全国乙卷)②AsDavid____________(approach)thefinishline，alltherunnerscheeredhimon.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)learningapproached③___________________________________________________，Inoticedmydadandmomstandingbesidetheoldtruck，_______________________________.(2021·浙江6月卷)一靠近房子，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，看上去很悲伤。【用法归纳】

Uponapproachingthehouse·anapproachto(doing)sth(做)某事的方法/途径attheapproachof在快到……的时候·beapproaching正在/将要接近·approachsth/sb接近某物/某人

lookingsad/depressed5.eageradj.热切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.热心地；急切地→eagernessn.渴望；热心

【佳句背诵】

Eventually，IamstronglyeagertoknowwhichaspectsoftraditionalChineseculturearouseyourcuriositymost.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)最后，我非常渴望知道中国传统文化的哪些方面最能激起你的好奇心。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Assoonaswecametothenewcity，wefoundourselveseager____________(have)atasteoflocalsnacks.②He____________(eager)wantedtogiveaspecialpresenttoGrandma，buthewasshortofmoney.tohaveeagerly③Ilookedatthepoetstraightintheeyesandwantedto___________________________________________________________.(心理描写)我直视着诗人的眼睛，急切地想知道真相。

【用法归纳】

knowthetruthwitheagerness·beeagertodosth渴望做某事beeagerforsth渴望得到某物·witheagerness热切地；急切地hideone’seagerness掩饰某人的渴望

6.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开【佳句背诵】

Myfathercarefullycutthepumpkinopen，soIfinallyhadmyheadbreakawayfromit.(2021·浙江1月卷)我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。【以练促学】用break短语的适当形式填空/补全句子①Mydogsuddenly________________me，chargedatthedoorandbegantobarkfiercely.(动作链)②Fredhasgivenmenogoodreasonforbeingeagerto____________ourmarriage.③Thecomputersystemsuddenly________________whilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.brokeawayfrombreakupbrokedown④_____________________________________________________，tearspouringdownhischeeks.(神态描写)听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。【用法归纳】

Hebrokedownatthenewsbreakup打碎；分裂，解体；结束；(关系等)破裂；放假breakdown垮掉；出故障；失败；分解breakinto破门而入；突然……起来breakin破门而入；打断；插话breakout(战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发；发生breakthrough取得突破；克服

7.aswellas同(一样也)；和；还【佳句背诵】

Itwasyourgreateffortsaswellasyourprofessionalguidancethathelpedmemakegreatprogress.(感谢信)是您的努力和专业的指导让我取得了很大的进步。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Americansarestilltextingwhiledriving，aswellas____________(using)socialnetworksandtakingphotos.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)②Tearswelledupinhereyes，andherheart____________________________.(情感描写)她泪如泉涌，心也要碎了。usingseemedtobetornaswell③______________________________________________________________________________________________________atyesterday’scoming-of-ageceremony.(告知信，2020·天津7月卷)我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。

Ourheadteacheraswellasfivestudentrepresentativeswasinvitedtodeliveraspeech【用法归纳】

·aswellas“既……又……”，可连接两个平行结构。·aswellas连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致。·aswell“也；又；还”，常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用。·may/mightaswelldosth倒不如做某事；不妨做某事

8.句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式【教材原句】

Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem，ifany?如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？【佳句背诵】

DoyouagreethatIwillputourvisittoYunnanoff?Ifso，writebacktotellmeaboutitassoonaspossible.你同意我推迟我们的云南之行吗？如果是这样，请尽快回信告诉我。【以练促学】补全句子/同义句转换①Ifit’sconvenientforyou，let’smeetat8：30amoutsidetheschoolgate._________________________________________________________.(邀请信)如果你方便的话，我们早上8：30在校门外面见面。如果不方便，让我知道什么时候最适合你。②Ifitisnecessary，ourschoolwillprovidethestudentswiththelanguagetrainingcourses.→____________________，ourschoolwillprovidethestudentswiththelanguagetrainingcourses.Ifnot，letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubestIfnecessary【用法归纳】

ifany(如果有的话)是一个省略句，相当于if(thereis/are)any...。ifnot如果不是这样的话ifso如果是这样的话ifever如果曾经有的话ifnecessary如果有必要的话ifpossible如果可能的话9.句型公式：with复合结构【教材原句】

Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。【佳句背诵】

Thetwinspreparedthebreakfastwithacardaddedonit，whichsaid“HappyMother’sDay”.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)这对双胞胎准备了早餐，并在上面加了一张卡片，写着“母亲节快乐”。【以练促学】单句语法填空/同义句转换①Withtoomuchwork____________(do)，Isufferfromanxietyandcan’tsleepwellatnight.②Withmoreandmoreforests____________(damage)，someanimalsandplantsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.③Tomthrewhimselfintohismother’sarmsandtearsofshameandembarrassmentwelledupinhiseyes.(心理描写)→Tomthrewhimselfintohismother’sarms，________________________________________________________________________________.(with复合结构)→Tomthrewhimselfintohismother’sarms，________________________________________________________________________________.(独立主格结构)tododamaged withtearsofshameandembarrassmentwellingupinhiseyes tearsofshameandembarrassmentwellingupinhiseyes【用法归纳】

with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为：·with＋宾语＋todo(表示将来的动作)·with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)·with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)·with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.维度一

语境运用练——单句语法填空1.Knowingsometipswillhelp____________(sure)thatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.(2022·全国甲卷)2.Mydreamistobecomean____________(announce)inthenextsemester，whichwouldentitlemetosharethestudents’writingandmyfavoritearticles.3.Firstofall，it____________(locate)onthethirdfloorandopensfrom8：00amto5：30pmonweekdaysand9：00amto4：00pmatweekends.4.Sheaskedhergrandfather，witha____________(puzzle)frownonherface.Part2基础达标检测ensureannouncerislocatedpuzzled5.Nowthattheyhavemadegreat____________(achieve)，theyarelookingforwardtothecelebration____________(eager).6.Withoutyour____________(generous)andinspiration，Iwouldnothavemadesuch____________(strike)progress.7.____________(surround)bymountainsandthePacificOcean，itisCanada’smostbeautifulcity.8.Thecarnearbybelongs____________myneighbor，whohasbrokenaway__________________________________________.9.Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludes____________(learn)fromtextbooks，andmistakesaswell.10.Thereisgrowingevidence____________peoplewhosedietsarerichinvitaminsarelesslikelytodevelopsometypesofcancers.achievementseagerlygenerositystrikingSurroundedtofromhisfamilytobeindependentlearningthat维度二

语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思vi.(雷或鼓)隆隆作响

①Thewindpickedupandthunderrolled.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________________②Here’sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication，we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.(2021·全国甲卷)

___________________________③Thehelicopterlandednearourcampanditsloudnoisesscaredthebear.Helookedirritatedandchargedatusagain.(2020·浙江7月卷)____________④NicoloandanotherbidderbattleduntilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)_____________vt.安置；把……放在适当位置vi.向……冲去vi.竞争；较量2.选出crowd的汉语意思A.n.人群；一群人B.n.民众C.v.(想法或观点)涌入(脑子)

D.v.聚集；涌向①Theairsmelledofthebestbakedbread，andcustomerssooncrowdedintothestore，makingthestreetcrowded.(场景描写)______②Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)______③Thehappymemoryofgettingalongwithmybestfriendcrowdedinonme/crowdedintomymind.______④Weallliketothinkwestandoutfromthecrowd.______DACB维度三

写作提能练——补全句子/句式升级/一句多译1.___________________________________________________________________，I’mwritingtorecommendonetoyou.(推荐信)

知道你渴望学习做一道中国菜，我写信给你推荐一道。2.Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands，______________________________________________________.(动作描写)

她向后退了几步，显得很惊讶，并举起双手，好像在自卫。

Knowingthatyou’reeagertolearntocookaChinesedishasifindefence3._________________________________onthreesides，thecityisconsideredoneofthemostlivablecitiesinChina.

这个城市三面环海，被认为是中国最宜居的城市之一。4.Papercuttinghasahistoryofover1，500years.PapercuttingbelongstotraditionalartinChina. →____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(分词短语作定语)SurroundedbytheseaPapercuttingbelongingtotraditionalartinChinahasahistoryofover1，500years.5.负责画廊的王先生宣布，任何个人都不能拍照。 →Mr.Wangwhois________________________________________________announcedthatanyindividualmustn’ttakepictures. →Thegalleryis____________________________________________________Mr.Wang.Heannouncedthatanyindividualmustn’ttakepictures.inchargeofthegalleryinthechargeof练一应用文写作运用(新闻报道——上海抗击新冠疫情)双写培优练1.利用本单元所学知识翻译句子

①在2022年春天，上海的医生们对他们的发现感到震惊——很多人感染了新冠病毒。(宾语从句)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②当得知上海需要援助时，许多医护人员冒着生命危险热切地前往上海。(状语从句的省略)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Inthespringof2022，doctorsinShanghaiwereshockedatwhattheyfound—manypeoplewereaffectedwithCOVID-19.WhenknowingShanghaiwasinneedofhelp，manymedicalworkerswereeagertogotoShanghaiattheriskoftheirlives.③他们夜以继日地工作，采用了各种救助感染新冠的病人的方法。(分词短语作状语)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________④由于采取了许多有效措施，上海重新开始了呼吸。(with复合结构)____________________________________________________________________⑤医生和普通老百姓都尽自己的最大