福建三明市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题（含答案）

福建三明市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题二、阅读理解AComfortFoodGuide

WhatIsComfortFood?Doyoureachforcertainfoodswhenfeelingstressed,sad,orlonely?Youarenotalone.PsychologistJoyceBrotherscoinedtheterm“comfortfood”in1966.Shedescribeditasfoodstiedtochildhoodsecurity,likemother’schickensoup,warmcookies,orafavoritefamilydish.ABigShiftDecadesago,mostcomfortfoodswerehomemadewithsimpleingredients.Today,manyareultraprocessed(超加工的)withrefinedingredients,addedstabilizers,andlargeamountsofsalt,fat,andsugar.Theyrequirelittlechewing,soyoueatthemquickly.Thismakesovereatingeasy.Studiesshowthattoomanyultraprocessedfoodsmayleadtoweightgainandevenaffectthebrain’srewardsystem—similartoaddictivesubstances.

NutritionataGlance(perserving)Thetablebelowshowsthenutritionalcontentofsixpopularcomfortfoods.Payspecialattentiontothesugarandenergycolumns—thedifferencesarestriking.FooddescriptionFats(g)NaCl(mg)Sugar(g)Energy(kcal)Chocolatecake14.5829640.23355Vanillaicecream11.008021.22207Potatochips33.985270.33532Macaroniandcheese5.542600.68158Misosoybeansoup1.566130.8332Chickennoodlesoup1.341860.3441Didyouknow?Aservingofchocolatecakepacks355kcal—morethan10timestheenergyofmisosoybeansoup(32kcal).Smallchoicesmakeabigdifference!

ResetYourComfortDesiresComfortislargelypsychological—itcomesfromhappymemories,notfromtheingredientsthemselves.Thatmeansyoucantrainyourbraintofindcomfortinhealthieroptions.Startsmall.Swappotatochipsforbakedsweetpotatofries.Replacechocolatecakewithfruitandyogurt.Overtime,yourbrainwillformnewcomfortassociations.Andremember:ashortwalk,adeepbreath,oracallwithafriendcanbringrealcomfort—withzerocalories.1.Whydopeopletendtoovereatultraprocessedfoods?A．Theycostlessmoney.B．Theyarehardtofind.C．Theyarelowincalories.D．Theyneedlesschewing.2.Howmuchmorefatdopotatochipshavecomparedtomacaroniandcheese?A．27.44g. B．28.44g. C．38.52g. D．39.52g.3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A．Walkaftereachmealregularly.B．Eatultraprocessedfoodsslowly.C．Avoidchildhoodfoodscompletely.D．Replaceunhealthychoicesgradually.BAfteralong,cold,snowyRochesterwinter,springisslowlymakingitswaybackintothecity.Daysaregettinglonger,thetemperatureiswarmingup,andanysnowannouncedintheforecastisn’tstickingtotheground.Butafterspendingtimeoutdoors(whentheweatherispermissible)andobservingtheresidentbirdsoncampus,Icantellthatalastingspringiscomingsoon.Fromthecrackofdawn,songbirdshavebecomemuchmorevocal.Songbirds,forexamplerobins(旅鸫),havebeensittingonnearbytreesandsingingtocourtpotentialmatesandestablishterritories.Whentheweatheriswarmandespeciallywhenthegroundiswetfromarecentrainstorm,robinshavebeensearchingthegroundandpickingupfreshearthwormswhentheycrawlout.Elsewhere,somerobinshavebeengatheringnestingmaterialfromtheground,suchasgrass,twigs,andreeds.EverytimeIwalkbytheGeneseeRiverontheGeneseeRiverwayTrail,Ihavefoundoneparticularsongbird’spresencetobeastrikingsignofspring.Red-wingedblackbirdsareamongoneoftheearliestsongbirdmigrantstoarriveupnorthforbreeding(繁衍).AsIwalkedbytheriver,Icouldhearthemales’loud,buzzy“konk-la-REEEE”call,whichtheyusetowardoffotherspeciesorenemiesandromanceanynearbyfemales.Songbirdsarenottheonlybirdgroupsthatareinthemidstofthisseasonalchange.Duringthewinter,migratoryduckshavebeenshowntoremaininthisarea.Recently,whenIhavegoneoutontotheGeneseeRiverwayTrail,I’vespottedtheseduckslessandlessfrequentlyastheyhavebeenpreparingfortheirjourneybackupNorth,closetotheArctic,tobreed.DespiteRochester’sunpredictableweatheraswinterturnstospring,thebirdsaroundcampushaveshownmethatspringhasarrived.Residentbirdsandmigratorybirdswhoaremakingtheirwayupnortharepreparingtoraisethenextgenerationofbirds,andIlookforwardtowitnessingwhat’stocomeinthenextfewweeksofspringforRochester’sbirdlife.4.Whydorobinssingonthetreesearlyinthemorning?A．Tocelebratethecomingofspring.B．Towarnotherbirdsofbadweather.C．Tolookforearthwormsontheground.D．Toappealtopartnersanddefendtheirareas.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“wardoff”inparagraph3mean?A．Driveaway. B．Attendto. C．Relyon. D．Playwith.6.Whatcanweknowaboutmigratoryducks?A．Theylikewarmerclimatesinspring.B．Theystruggletoadapttoseasonalchanges.C．Theyheadnorthforreproductioninspring.D．TheyremaininRochesterthroughouttheyear.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．SignsofSpringfromBirdsB．BreedingHabitsofSongbirdsC．RelaxingWalkbytheRiversideD．UnpredictableWeatherinRochesterCTheworldhasentered“aneraofglobalwaterbankruptcy”withpermanentconsequences,accordingtoanewUnitedNationsreport.Theglobalsituationissoseverethattermslike“watercrisis”failtocaptureitsmagnitude.Theconceptofwaterbankruptcyworkslikethis:Natureprovidesincomeintheformofrainandsnow,buttheworldisspendingmorethanitreceives—extractingwaterfromrivers,lakes,andundergroundaquifers(含水层)muchfasterthantheyarerefilled,puttingusindebt.Climatechange-fueledheatanddroughtarecompoundingtheproblem.Theresultisshrinkingrivers,dried-upwetlands,decliningaquifers,andmeltingglaciers.Thestatisticsarealarming:Morethan50%oftheplanet’slargelakeshavelostwatersince1990;70%ofmajoraquifersareinlong-termdecline;anareaofwetlandsalmostthesizeoftheEuropeanUnionhasbeenerasedoverthepast50years.Eveninplaceswherewatersystemsarelessstressed,pollutionisreducingavailabledrinkingwater.AccordingtoKavehMadani,directoroftheU.N.University’sInstituteforEnvironmentandthereport’sauthor,manyregionsarelivingbeyondtheirwatercapacityandit’simpossibletoreturntopastconditions.Nearly4billionpeoplefacewatershortageforatleastonemontheveryyear.Yetinsteadofadjustingconsumption,wateristakenforgranted.CitieslikeLosAngeles,LasVegas,andTehranhaveencouragedexpansiondespitelimitedwatersupplies.Someregionsaremoreseverelyaffected.TheMiddleEastandNorthAfricafacehighwaterstressandextremeclimatevulnerability.PartsofSouthAsiaexperiencelong-termwaterdeclinesduetogroundwater-dependentfarmingandgrowingurbanpopulations.TheU.S.Southwestisanotherhotspot.MadanipointedtotheColoradoRiver,wherewatersharingagreementsarebasedonanenvironmentalsituationthatnolongerexists.“It’sapermanentnewcondition,andwehavelesswaterthanbefore.”hesaid.Thereportcallsforaseriesofactions,includingtransformingfarming—byfarthebiggestglobaluserofwater—throughshiftingcropsandmoreefficientirrigation;betterwatermonitoringusingAIandremotesensing;reducingpollution;andincreasingprotectionforwetlandsandgroundwater.8.Whatdoes“waterbankruptcy”referto?A．Dryriversandwetlands.B．Totalexhaustionofwater.C．Severeclimatechangeeffect.D．Wateroverusebeyondnaturalsupply.9.WhydoestheauthormentionLosAngeles,LasVegas,andTehran?A．Tocallforstrictcityplanning.B．Toprovesuccessfuldevelopment.C．Toshowmisuseofwaterresources.D．Tostressglobalpopulationgrowth.10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheColoradoRiveragreements?A．Theyleadtowatershortage.B．Theyareactuallyoutofdate.C．Theydealwithcurrentpollution.D．Theyarefitforpresentenvironment.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Wetlandlossandwatershortage.B．Urbanexpansionandwatersupply.C．Globalwatercrisisandsolutions.D．Environmentalproblemsandimpacts.DAclinicaltrialledbyChinesescientistshassuccessfullytreatedacertaintypeofcongenital(先天的)deafness.Forchildrenaged6monthsto3years,theresponserateevenreached100%.PublishedinNatureonApril22,thestudywasconductedbyShanghai’sEye&ENTHospitalofFudanUniversity,togetherwithothermedicalinstitutionshomeandabroad.Globally,2to3outofevery1,000newbornssufferfromhearingloss,andgeneticmutations(突变)accountforupto60%ofsuchcases.Previously,patientsmainlydependedonhearingaidsorcochlearimplants(人工耳蜗),whichcouldonlyprovidelimitedimprovement.Launchedin2022,thistrialisthefirstandlargestresearchoncongenitaldeafnessgenetherapysofar.Itincluded42patientsagedfrom9monthsto32yearsandtrackedthemforuptotwoandahalfyears.ThetrialtargeteddeafnesscausedbyaspecificOTOFgenemutation.Thismutationstopssoundsignalsfrombeingpassedfromtheinnereartothebrain,causingseverehearinglossandblockingchildren’slanguageandcognitivedevelopment.Duringthetreatment,amodifiedviruswasusedtodeliverfunctionalgenesintoearcellsthroughminorsurgery.Theoverallresponserateofthetrialwas90%.Forpatientsreceivinglong-termobservation,allcouldheardailyconversations.Overhalfweresensitivetoquietlibrary-levelsounds,andnearlyhalfcouldhearwhispers.Agemadeabigdifferencetotreatmenteffects.Apartfromthe100%recoveryrateamongyoungkids,two-thirdsofpatientsover20alsohadbetterhearing.Researchersalsofoundakeybiomarker:patientswithbettercochlearfunctionbeforetreatmentgainedmoreobviouseffects.Onetypicalpatienthadnosoundresponseandfailedtomakesoundswhencryingat18monthsold,buthefinallyregainedhearingandnormalspeechafterthetreatment.Additionally,onedayaftertheChinesestudywaspublished,theUSapprovedanotherOTOF-relatedgenetherapy.ThoughitwaslaunchedoneyearlaterthantheChinesetrial,itadoptedadifferentdrugdesign.12.Whatwasthemainlimitationofpreviousdeafnesstreatments?A．Theywerecompletelyuseless.B．Theyhadinsufficienteffects.C．Theyrequiredcomplexsurgery.D．Theywereunavailablefornewborns.13.WhydoescertainOTOFgenemutationleadtodeafness?A．Itpreventssoundtransmissiontothebrain.B．Itdamagespeople’scognitiveability.C．Itstopsthegrowthofinnerearcells.D．Itcausesseriousearinfection.14.Whichgrouphadthebesttreatmentresult?A．Kidsunder3. B．Teenagersaged18.C．Adultsunder20. D．Patientsover32.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheChinesegenetherapy?A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Positive. D．Critical.七选五Parentingisanall-consumingjob—onethatcallsforconstantcaretaking,problemsolving,emotionallabor,andfinancialresources.____16____Butitseemsthattheyhavelessemotionalsupportthaneverbefore.It’snosurprisethatparentalstressisontherise.Thestresscantakeatollonwell-being,contributingtodepression,heightenedanxiety,andtensioninrelationships.Anditseffectsdon’tstopthere.Arecentreviewfoundthathighlevelsofstressinachild’senvironmentcanshapetheirdevelopmentinlastingways.____17____Itcanalsoworsenparent-childrelationshipsandevencausephysicalhealthproblems.However,evensmallinterventionscanmakeameaningfuldifference—forbothchildrenandtheircaregivers.Inanidealworld,thesocietywouldsupportcaregiversandchildrenthroughpoliciesandprogramsthatmeetfamilies’needs.____18____Noteveryparenthasalotoffinancialresourcesortimeflexibility,butevenafewminutesofslowbreathing,listeningtoanupliftingsong,ashortwalk,orcallingafriendtotroubleshootaproblemcanhaveapowerfulimpactontheirmentalwell-being.Thisisespeciallyimportanttotryrightbeforepickinguptheirchildfromdaycareorschool.So,parentsneedtotaketimetorestandreset.____19____Intoday’sbusyworld,it’seasyforparentstooverlooktheirownwell-beinginordertoprioritizetheirchildren.____20____Bytendingtotheirownneeds,theymodelhealthywaystocopewithstressandoptimizetheircapacitytobeabetterparent.A．Butself-careisn’tselfish.B．Childrenmightrespondwithanger.C．Today,manyparentsaremanagingalltheseresponsibilities.D．Parents’stressmightaffecttheirchildren’sresponsetostress.E．Thisbetterequipsthemtoenjoymoreinteractionswiththeirchildren.F．Long-termstresscaninfluencebraindevelopmentanddisruptlearning.G．Beforethatidealisachieved,parentscanusemanysimpletoolstohandlestress.三、完形填空KristinSchellandherfamilymovedtoanewhomeinAustin,Texas.Shewashospitable(好客的)andtriedto________21________withneighborsbyhostingBiblestudiesandplaygroups—onlytofindthemrequiringfarmoreplanningthanexpected.Latersheboughtsomepicnictablesforapartyinherbackyard,butthedeliverydriver________22________leftoneinherfrontyard—anerrorsheinitiallytookasabother.Aftertheparty,shepainteditblue-greenand________23________itthere.Littledidsheknowthistablewouldbecomea________24________whereherkidsplayedandatesnacks.“Webecame‘frontyardpeople,’”shesays.Neighbors,previouslykeepingtothemselves,begantostopby,introducethemselves,andsettledownfora________25________.“Whatasimplewayto________26________andconnect!”Thetablewas________27________andhadacommunalfeel.ThenneighborsaskedKristiniftheirfamilycouldputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo.Amovementwas________28________.Whydopeopleoften________29________toinviteothershome?Fearofamessyhouse.“Perfectionismcancauseustomissoutonthe________30________ofconnection,”Kristinsays.Hertableremovesbothexcusesandthe________31________ofhosting.“Hospitalityneedn’talways________32________abigparty,”shesays.“Justshowup.”Today,thousandsofsuchcasesexistnationwide.“Whateverthecolor,it’sa________33________table.”Anywhere________34________aperfectspotwhenpeoplenaturallygather.Indeed,Kristin’sstory________35________usthatsmallactionscreatebigchanges.21.A．competeB．connectC．compareD．argue22.A．secretlyB．deliberatelyC．mistakenlyD．suddenly23.A．hidB．placedC．discoveredD．repaired24.A．shelterB．pathC．spotD．stage25.A．feastB．debateC．walkD．chat26.A．slowdownB．giveupC．turndownD．putoff27.A．confusingB．surprisingC．annoyingD．inviting28.A．recordedB．bornC．suspendedD．changed29.A．offerB．manageC．pretendD．hesitate30.A．joyB．troubleC．painD．aim31.A．pressureB．excitementC．honorD．failure32.A．improveB．finishC．meanD．cancel33.A．picnicB．diningC．friendshipD．negotiation34.A．removesB．facesC．missesD．makes35.A．warnsB．remindsC．promisesD．orders四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DrivingwithherparentsfromNanjing,atouristsurnamedJuchoseathemedhomestay(民宿)adaptedfromatraditionaltulouinZhangzhou,FujianProvince.Shesaidshereallywantedtoexperiencelivingin____36____uniqueandquiettulou.Thehomestay,namedChangrongBuilding,____37____(keep)itshistoricalappearancebuthas12modernrooms.Aftera2023renovationbyateamfromXiamenUniversity,itnowhassoundproofing,smarthometechnologyandpublicreadingspaces,providingguestswithactivities____38____teapickingandtraditional-costumeexperiences.Fujiantulou____39____(add)totheUNESCOWorldHeritageListin2008.Sincethen,localtourismhasdevelopedfrombasicsightseeingtohigh-qualityexperientialstays.HuangZhihui,whogrewupinatuloucluster,establishedamarketnearHuaiyuanBuilding____40____(feature)intangibleculturalheritage.Ithasattractedabout700,000visitorssinceMay2025.Toattractyoungguests,histeamintroduced____41____(create)giftssuchas“soundpostcards”andgypsumtuloumodelsembeddedwithNFCchips.Thediversificationofthetuloueconomyisalso____42____(true)evidentinHua’ancounty.Traditionalhouseshavebeentransformedintobambooartgalleries,coffeeshopsand____43____(library).LocalauthoritiesalsolaunchedaChina-chicgameduringthisSpringFestival.“Ourgoalis____44____(move)beyondvisitingasinglebuildingtocreatingaregionaldestinationwherevisitorscanexperiencealife____45____beginswithnatureandreturnstothewarmthofthehearth(灶台)”saysLinYing,directoroftheHua’anCultural,Sports,andTourismBureau.五、应用文写作46.你校近期将举办以“WisdomfromChineseProverbs”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你从以下两个谚语中任选一个，写一篇参赛发言稿：1.Practicemakesperfect.(熟能生巧)2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(有志者事竟成)内容包括：1．解读谚语;2．分享感悟;3．倡议践行。注意：1．词数80左右;2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearfellowstudents,TodayI’dliketosharewithyouaChineseproverb__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforyourlistening!六、读后续写47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Robertraisedhissonaloneafterhiswifepassedaway.Heworkeddayandnighttosupportthefamily,enduringcountlesshardships.Yearslater,hissonKevinbecameasuccessfulbusinessman,butRobertgrewoldandfrail.Everytimehesatatthediningtable,hiswrinkledhandscouldhardlyholdthespoonsteadily.Unavoidably,hewouldspillsoupalloverthecleantableclothorletitdripfromhismouth,whichmadetheatmosphereawkwardeverymeal.Kevinandhiswife,Iris,wereextremelyangrywithRobert’sclumsiness.Theythoughttheoldmanwasaburdenandevenanembarrassmenttothefamily.Finally,theyforcedthepoorgrandfathertositaloneinacoldcornerbehindthestove,farawayfromthewarmlight.Theyservedhismealsinaroughearthenware(陶制的)bowl,farfromenoughtofillhisstomach.Thelonelyoldmanwouldstaresadlyatthewarmdiningtable,hiseyesbrimmingwithhelplesstearsandquietsorrow.Oneday,histremblinghandsslippedagain.Theearthenwarebowlcrashedtothegroundandbrokeintopieceswithaloudnoise.TheyoungwifeflewintoarageandscoldedRobertharshly,herwordssharpandhurtful,withoutatraceofsympathy.Robertsaidnotaword,onlylettingoutalong,sadsigh.Howhemissedtheolddayswithhislovelyson!Later,KevinandIrisboughtacheapwoodenbowlforafewpennies,andfromthenon,Roberthadtoeatfromthisroughbowldayafterday.OnChristmasEve,asthefamilysatatthetableenjoyingtheirdinnerwithRobertsittingaloneinthecorner,theirfour-year-oldlittlegrandsonquietlygatheredsomesmallpiecesofwoodonthefloor,focusedonhislittle“project”.Curious,thefatherasked,“Whatareyoubusydoingthere,myboy?”Thechildlookedupinnocentlyandreplied,“I’mmakingalittletrough(槽).WhenIgrowup,youandMomcaneatfromit.”注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Kevinandhiswifelookedateachotherwithshame.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________