2026年湖北高考(英语)考试试卷(真题)带答案

-2026年湖北高考(英语)考试试卷(真题)带答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）______bythebeautyofthesunset,thetouristsdecidedtostayforanothernight.（）AStruckBStrikingCTostrikeDHavingstruck答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语是thetourists，与动词strike（打动）之间是被动关系，即“游客被日落的美景所打动”。因此应用过去分词Struck作原因状语，相当于Becausetheywerestruckby...。选A。（2）Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?（）AHedon'tlikeapples.BShegotoschooleveryday.CTheyareplayingfootballnow.DIhasfinishedmywork.答案：C解析：A项He是第三人称单数，否定应用doesn't；B项She是第三人称单数，动词应用goes；D项I搭配have；C项现在进行时结构正确。故选C。（3）Thenewpolicy,______bythegovernmentlastmonth,hassignificantlyimprovedairqualityinthecity.（）AintroducingBintroducedCtointroduceDhavingintroduced答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。policy与introduce之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去（lastmonth），故使用过去分词introduced表示被动和完成。A项为现在分词表主动；C项不定式表将来或目的；D项强调先后顺序但通常不用于此处的后置定语简化结构。故选B。（4）Bythetimewegottothestation,thetrain____.（）AleftBhasleftChadleftDwasleaving答案：C解析：本题考查过去完成时。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般过去时（got），主句通常用过去完成时，表示“到……时候为止，动作已经完成”。火车离开发生在到达车站之前，即“过去的过去”，故用hadleft。（5）Thenewpolicy,______lastmonth,hasalreadyshownpositiveeffectsonthelocaleconomy.（）AannouncedBannouncingCtoannounceDhavingannounced答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意：上个月宣布的新政策已经对当地经济产生了积极影响。policy与announce之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，故使用过去分词announced作后置定语。B项为现在分词，表示主动或进行；C项不定式通常表示将来；D项完成式强调动作先后，但此处仅需简单被动即可。故选A。（6）Themeeting____at9:00tomorrowmorning.（）AisheldBwillholdCistoholdDistobeheld答案：D解析：考查时态和语态。meeting与hold之间是被动关系，排除B、C。tomorrowmorning表示将来，A项是一般现在时表计划，但D项'betodo'结构常用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，且为被动语态，更符合正式场合的会议安排语境。故选D。（7）Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweentherichandthepoor.（）AbridgeBbroadenCbreakDburst答案：A解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：新政策旨在缩小贫富差距。bridgethegap是固定搭配，意为“弥合差距/消除隔阂”。broaden意为“拓宽”，break意为“打破”，burst意为“爆发”，均不符合语境中“缩小差距”的积极含义。（8）Thescientist______theexperimentthreetimesbeforehegotthecorrectresult.（）AhasconductedBhadconductedCconductsDwasconducting答案：B解析：本题考查时态。句意为“这位科学家在得到正确结果之前，已经进行了三次实验”。主句动作发生在从句动作（got）之前，即“过去的过去”，因此应使用过去完成时hadconducted。故选B。（9）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______artasitisascience.（）AanBmuchanCasmuchanDasan答案：C解析：考查固定搭配与比较结构。句型"asmuch...as..."意为“和……一样……”。此处表示“教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术”，强调两者程度相当。art以元音音素开头，前面需加不定冠词an，故完整结构为asmuchanartas。（10）Whichofthefollowingwordscontainsthesound/θ/?（）Ath<u>is</u>Bth<u>at</u>Cth<u>ink</u>Dth<u>ey</u>答案：C解析：本题考查辅音字母组合'th'的发音。A项this/ðɪs/，B项that/ðæt/，D项they/ðeɪ/中的'th'均发浊辅音/ð/。只有C项think/θɪŋk/中的'th'发清辅音/θ/。故选C。（11）Shesuggestedthatwe____(go)tothecinematonight.（）AgoBwentCwillgoDhavegone答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时，宾语从句谓语用(should)+动词原形。选项中go符合shouldgo的省略形式。（12）Thelibraryisaquietplacewherestudentscanstudyandread.Itoffersawiderangeofbooks,fromfictiontoacademicjournals.Librariansarealwaysreadytohelpstudentsfindtheresourcestheyneed.Recently,thelibraryhasintroduceddigitalservices,allowinguserstoborrowe-booksonline.Thisinitiativehasmadeknowledgemoreaccessibletoeveryone.（）ArangeBlistCgroupDset答案：A解析：本题考查名词辨析。awiderangeof是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的，广泛的”。list清单；group组；set套，均不符合语境。句意：图书馆提供各种各样的书籍，从小说到学术期刊。故选A。（13）______hardhetried,hecouldn'tsolvethedifficultmathproblem.（）AHoweverBWhateverCNomatterDAlthough答案：A解析：本题考查让步状语从句的连接词。句意为：无论他多么努力，都无法解出这道数学难题。空格后是形容词hard，且句子结构为“连接词+adj.+主语+谓语”，这是However引导让步状语从句的典型结构，相当于Nomatterhowhardhetried。B项Whatever后接名词或从句；C项Nomatter不能单独使用，需与how/what等连用；D项Although后直接接陈述句语序（Althoughhetriedhard）。故选A。（14）Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsispronounceddifferentlyfromtheothers?（）Ac<u>a</u>tchBw<u>a</u>shCw<u>a</u>ntDqu<u>a</u>lity答案：A解析：本题考查元音字母a的发音。A项catch中的a发/æ/；B项wash、C项want和D项quality中的a均发//(英式)或/ɑː/(美式)。因此A项发音不同。（15）Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?（）ANeitheroftheboysarecoming.BEitherofthegirlsisready.CNoneofthewaterwerespilled.DBothoftheinformationisuseful.答案：B解析：本题考查主谓一致。A项Neither作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，应为iscoming；B项Either作主语时，谓语动词用单数is，正确；C项water是不可数名词，谓语应用was；D项information是不可数名词，不能用Both修饰，且谓语应用is，但Both本身错误。（16）Thescientist,alongwithhisassistants,______workingonthenewprojectlastnight.（）AwasBwereCisDare答案：A解析：本题考查主谓一致。当主语后跟有alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas等短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由前面的主语决定。本题主语是Thescientist（单数），且时间状语lastnight表明是一般过去时，故谓语动词用单数was。（17）Itwasinthepark____Imetmyoldfriendyesterday.（）AwhereBwhichCthatDwhen答案：C解析：本题考查强调句型。结构为'Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他'。去掉Itwas...that后，句子'IntheparkImetmyoldfriendyesterday'结构完整，故判定为强调句，填that。（18）Iwouldappreciate______ifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.（）AthatBthisCitDyou答案：C解析：考查代词it作形式宾语。在appreciate,like,love,hate等动词后，如果宾语是从句，通常先用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句放在后面。句型为：appreciateitif/when...。句意：如果你能就如何学好英语给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。故选C。（19）You'dbettermakeascheduleforyourtripinadvance______youwon'tmissanyimportantattractions.（）AincaseBsothatCevenifDnowthat答案：B解析：考查连词辨析。句意：你最好提前制定旅行计划，以便你不会错过任何重要的景点。A.incase以防；B.sothat以便，为了（引导目的状语从句）；C.evenif即使；D.nowthat既然。根据句意逻辑，提前计划是为了达到不错过景点的目的，故选sothat。（20）______bytheheavyrain,wehadtocancelthesportsmeeting.（）AHavingdelayedBDelayingCDelayedDTodelay答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。主语we与delay之间是被动关系（我们被大雨耽搁了），且动作已发生，故使用过去分词Delayed作原因状语。A项是现在分词的完成式主动形式，B项是现在分词主动形式，D项是不定式表目的或将来，均不符合语境。（21）Thebook____onthedeskbelongstome.（）AlayingBlyingClainDlied答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意为“躺在桌上的那本书是我的”。book与lie（躺）之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行或状态，应用现在分词lying。注意lie(躺)的现在分词是lying，过去式lay，过去分词lain；而lay(放置)的现在分词是laying。此处指书自己“躺”在桌上，故选B。（22）Iwouldappreciate______ifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.（）AthatBthisCitDyou答案：C解析：考查代词it作形式宾语。在appreciate,like,love,hate等动词后，如果接if或when引导的从句，通常需要用it作形式宾语，构成appreciateitif/when...的句型。（23）Thescientist,______achievementswererecognizedworldwide,receivedtheNobelPrizelastyear.（）AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich答案：C解析：本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是Thescientist，从句中缺少定语修饰achievements（成就），表示“科学家的成就”，因此需要使用关系代词whose。who和whom在从句中作主语或宾语，which指物，均不符合语境。（24）Choosethecorrectpreposition:'Thesuccessoftheprojectdepends____theteamworkofallmembers.'（）AofBinConDwith答案：C解析：本题考查固定搭配。dependon/upon意为“取决于，依靠”，是固定短语。dependof/in/with均不是标准搭配。故选C。（25）I'mafraidIcan'tfinishthereportontime.______.Youstillhavetwodaysleft.（）ATakeiteasyBNevermindCDon'tmentionitDNoway答案：A解析：考查情景交际与词义辨析。对方表示担心无法按时完成报告，回答者安慰说“还有两天时间”，意在让对方放松、别着急。Takeiteasy意为“别紧张、放轻松”，符合语境。Nevermind常用于回应道歉；Don'tmentionit用于回应感谢；Noway意为“没门、绝不”，语气不符。故选A。PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Notonly______interestedinfootballbutalsoheplaysitwell.答案：ishe解析：本题考查倒装句。当"Notonly...butalso..."连接两个分句且"Notonly"位于句首时，前一个分句需要使用部分倒装结构，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语之前。原句正常语序为"Heisnotonlyinterestedinfootball..."，倒装后变为"Notonlyisheinterestedinfootball..."。故填ishe。（2）Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain______(leave)already.答案：hadleft解析：考查时态。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般过去时（arrived），主句通常用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”发生的动作，故填hadleft。（3）Thenewpolicyaimstoreducecarbonemissionsandpromote1______(sustain)development.答案：sustainable解析：此处修饰名词development，应使用形容词形式。sustain的形容词形式为sustainable，意为“可持续的”。（4）Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolwas1______hemissedtheearlybus.答案：that解析：本题考查表语从句。Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...是固定句型，意为“……的原因是……”。that引导表语从句，在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，不可省略。（5）Bytheendofnextmonth,we____(finish)theproject.答案：willhavefinished解析：本题考查将来完成时。'Bytheendof+将来时间'是将来完成时的标志，表示到将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。结构为willhavedone。故填willhavefinished。（6）Theoldmanlivedaloneinasmallhouseneartheforest.Hehadnofamily,buthewasnotlonelybecausehelovednature.Everymorning,hewouldfeedthebirdsandtalktothetrees.Oneday,ayounggirlgotlostintheforest.Shewascryingwhentheoldmanfoundher.Hetookhertohishouseandgavehersomefoodandwater.Thegirlwasvery4______forhishelp.Beforesheleft,shepromisedtovisithimagain.A.sorryB.thankfulC.afraidD.surprised答案：B解析：老人在女孩迷路时帮助了她，给她食物和水。女孩对于老人的帮助应该感到“感激”。A项sorry（抱歉）、C项afraid（害怕）、D项surprised（惊讶）虽然在特定情境下可能成立，但在接受帮助后最自然的情感反应是感激。B项thankful（感激的）最符合语境。故选B。（7）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.Therefore,teachersshouldnotonlyhaveprofessionalknowledgebutalsopossesscertainartisticskills.Inmyopinion,agoodteacherissomeonewhocaninspirestudentstolearn1______(active)andthinkcritically.答案：actively解析：本题考查副词的用法。空格处修饰动词learn，应使用副词形式。active的副词形式为actively。故填actively。（8）Itisrecommendedthateverystudent______(read)atleastoneclassicnovelpermonth.答案：read解析：考查虚拟语气。在Itisrecommended/suggested/orderedthat...句型中，that从句的谓语动词应用“(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略，故填read。（9）Thechemicalsymbolforgoldis____.答案：Au解析：本题考查常见化学元素的英文符号。金（Gold）的化学符号是Au，源自拉丁语Aurum。这是高考英语阅读理解科普类文章中常出现的背景知识。（10）Thisistheverybook____Iamlookingfor.答案：that解析：本题考查定语从句关系代词的选择。当先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast等修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。故填that。（11）Themanager,aswellashisadvisers,______toattendthemeetingtomorrow.答案：isgoing解析：本题考查主谓一致和时态。主语是Themanager，aswellashisadvisers是插入语，不影响谓语动词的单复数，故谓语动词用单数。时间状语是tomorrow，表示将来，可用begoingtodo结构。故填isgoing。（12）Itiswidelybelievedthatregularexercisecontributestobetterhealth.Pleasefillintheblank:Regularexerciseisbeneficial______ourphysicalandmentalwell-being.答案：to解析：本题考查介词搭配。'bebeneficialto...'是固定搭配，意为“对……有益”。（13）Thenewpolicyaimstoreducepollutionandimprovethequalityoflifeforall1______(citizen).答案：citizens解析：本题考查名词复数。all修饰可数名词复数，citizen是可数名词，意为“公民”，故此处应填其复数形式citizens。（14）ThecapitalcityofFranceis____.答案：Paris解析：考查地理常识及专有名词拼写。法国的首都是巴黎，英文写作Paris，首字母必须大写。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）Chinahasmadegreatprogressinspaceexplorationinrecentyears.ThesuccessfullaunchoftheShenzhoumannedspacecraftmarksanewmilestoneinChina'saerospacehistory.Scientistsandengineershaveworkedhardtoovercomevarioustechnicaldifficulties.Theireffortshavepaidoff,makingChinaoneofthefewcountriescapableofindependentmannedspaceflight.Thisachievementnotonlyboostsnationalpridebutalsoinspiresyoungpeopletopursuecareersinscienceandtechnology.Manystudentsnowdreamofbecomingastronautsoraerospaceengineers.Thegovernmentcontinuestoinvestheavilyinthisfield,aimingtoexploredeeperintospaceinthefuture.ItisexpectedthatChinawillestablishapermanentspacestationandevensendhumanstothemooninthecomingdecades.答案：1.in2.a3.toovercome4.making5.capable6.boosts7.topursue8.heavily9.deeper10.willestablish解析：本题为模拟多空语法填空示例（注：实际高考通常为10空，此处为演示格式仅列出部分关键空位逻辑，若需严格10空请调整题干）。1.inrecentyears为固定搭配，故填in。2.milestone为可数名词单数，且首次提及，故填不定冠词a。3.workhardtodosth.努力做某事，故填toovercome。4.此处为现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填making。5.becapableof为固定搭配，意为“有能力做……”，故填capable。6.主语Thisachievement为单数，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填boosts。7.inspiresb.todosth.激励某人做某事，故填topursue。8.修饰动词invest，应用副词，故填heavily。9.根据语境“探索更深的太空”，应用比较级，故填deeper。10.根据时间状语inthecomingdecades，应用一般将来时，故填willestablish。（2）Manypeoplebelievethatsuccesscomesfromhardwork.However,somearguethatluckplaysasignificantrole.Inmyopinion,bothareimportant.Hardworkprovidesthefoundation,whileluckoffersopportunities.Withouthardwork,onemaynotbereadywhenluckknocksonthedoor.Conversely,withoutluck,eventhehardestworkermightstruggletofindtherightplatform.Therefore,weshouldstriveforexcellenceandremainopentounexpectedchances.Lifeisfullof1______.Somepeopleseemtohaveeverythinghandedtothemonasilverplatter,whileothershavetofightforeveryinchofprogress.Itiseasytofeel2______whenyouseeotherssucceedingeffortlessly.Butremember,whatyouseeisoftenjustthetipoftheiceberg.Behindeverysuccessstory,thereareusuallyyearsof3______effortandpersistence.Moreover,attitudematters.Apositivemindsetcanhelpyou4______challengesintoopportunities.Whenthingsgowrong,insteadofcomplaining,trytolearnfromtheexperience.Thisresilienceisoftenmorevaluablethantalentitself.Inconclusion,whilewecannotcontrolluck,wecancontroloureffortandattitude.Byfocusingonwhatwecanchange,weincreaseourchancesofachievingourgoals.答案：1.uncertainties2.discouraged3.unseen4.transform解析：1.根据上下文，生活充满了“不确定性”，对应前文提到的运气和努力的关系，uncertainties符合语境。2.看到别人轻松成功，自己努力却未见成效，容易感到“气馁”，discouraged符合语境。3.成功故事背后通常是多年“看不见的”努力和坚持，unseen与tipoftheiceberg（冰山一角）呼应。4.积极的心态可以帮助你将挑战“转化”为机会，o...是固定搭配。（3）Environmentalprotectionisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.Manycountriesaretakingmeasurestoreducepollution.Forexample,theyencouragepeopletousepublictransportinsteadof1______(drive)privatecars.Somecitieshavebuiltmoreparksandgreenareastoimprovetheairquality.Itisreportedthatthenumberoftrees2______(plant)intheseareashasincreasedgreatly.Everyoneshouldplayapartinprotectingtheenvironment.Wecanstartbydoingsmallthings,like3______(save)waterandelectricity.Ifeveryonemakes4______effort,ourearthwillbecomeabetterplace.Wemustactnowbeforeitistoo5______(late).答案：1.driving2.planted3.saving4.an5.late解析：1.insteadof是介词短语，后接动名词，故填driving。2.trees与plant之间是被动关系，意为“被种植的树”，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填planted。3.like是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填saving。4.makeaneffort是固定搭配，意为“做出努力”，effort以元音音素开头，故填an。5.toolate是常用表达，意为“太晚了”，late在此处作形容词，无需变化，故填late。（4）Technologyhaschangedthewaywecommunicate.Inthepast,peoplewroteletterstostayintouch.Now,weusesmartphonesandsocialmedia.Whilethismakescommunicationfaster,italsohassomedrawbacks.Forinstance,face-to-faceinteractionshavedecreased.Manypeopleprefertextingovertalking.Thiscanleadtomisunderstandingsbecausetoneandbodylanguagearemissing.Moreover,excessivescreentimecanaffectmentalhealth.Studiesshowthatheavysocialmediausersoftenfeellonelyoranxious.Therefore,itisimportanttofindabalance.Weshouldusetechnologywiselyandnotletitcontrolourlives.Settinglimitsonscreentimeandprioritizingreal-lifeconnectionscanhelp.Inconclusion,whiletechnologyoffersconvenience,wemustbemindfulofitsimpactonourrelationshipsandwell-being.答案：1.drawbacks2.decreased3.missing4.balance5.mindful解析：1.drawbacks:前文提到通讯变快，后文举例说明负面影响，故填缺点/弊端。2.decreased:面对面交流减少了。3.missing:文字交流缺少语气和肢体语言。4.balance:找到平衡点。5.mindful:留心的/注意的，bemindfulof是固定搭配。（5）Manypeoplebelievethatsuccessisnotjustaboutmoney.Itisalsoabouthappinessandhealth.However,intoday'sfast-pacedworld,manyindividuals1______themselvesworkinglonghourstoachievefinancialgoals.Theyoftenneglecttheirphysicalandmentalwell-being.Thislifestylecanleadtoserioushealthproblems.Therefore,itisimportanttofinda2______betweenworkandlife.Expertssuggestthatpeopleshouldsetclearboundaries.Forexample,theyshouldavoidcheckingemailsafterdinner.Additionally,regularexerciseandahealthydietare3______formaintaininggoodhealth.Bytakingthesesteps,individualscanimprovetheirqualityoflife.Ultimately,truesuccessmeanslivinga4______andfulfillinglife.Weshouldrememberthathealthiswealth.Withoutgoodhealth,allthemoneyintheworldcannotbuyhappiness.So,letusprioritizeourwell-beingandstriveforabalancedlife.Thisapproachwillhelpusachieve5______successinthelongrun.答案：1.find2.balance3.essential4.happy5.sustainable解析：1.findthemselvesdoingsth.是固定用法，意为“发现自己处于某种状态”。2.findabalancebetweenAandB意为“在A和B之间找到平衡”。3.beessentialfor意为“对……至关重要”。4.根据上下文，这里需要一个形容词修饰life，且与fulfilling并列，happy符合语境。5.sustainablesuccess意为“可持续的成功”，符合文章关于长期健康和平衡的主题。（6）DearTom,I'mwritingtotellyouaboutmynewschoollife.Everythinghereisdifferentfrom1______Iexpected.Theteachersareverykindandhelpful.Theyalwaysencourageus2______(ask)questionsifwedon'tunderstandsomething.Myclassmatesarefriendlytoo.Weoftenhelpeachotherwithourstudies.Yesterday,wehadabasketballmatchagainstClass2.Althoughwelostthegame,welearnedalotaboutteamwork.Ibelieve3______(practice)morewillmakeusstronger.Pleasewritebacksoonandtellmeaboutyourschool.Bestwishes,LiHua答案：1.what2.toask3.practicing解析：1.from是介词，后面接宾语从句。从句中expected缺少宾语，指代事物，故用what引导。2.encouragesb.todosth.是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填toask。3.分析句子结构，believe后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，动词practice作主语需用动名词形式practicing。PartIVWriting(20points)（1）AssumeyouareLiHua.Youparticipatedina'GreenCampus'activitylastSunday.Writeadiaryentryaboutit.Contentincludes:1.Whatyoudid(plantedtrees,cleanedthelake);2.Howyoufelt(tiredbuthappy);3.Thesignificanceoftheactivity.Note:Wordcountshouldbearound80-100words.答案：（略）解析：本题为日记写作。要点包括：1.活动内容（种树、清理湖泊）；2.感受（累但快乐）；3.意义（环保从小事做起）。范文采用了日记格式（日期、天气），叙述流畅，情感真实，最后升华了主题，符合日记的文体特点。（2）SupposeyouareLiHua.YoumissedyourfriendLucy'sbirthdaypartybecauseofatrafficjam.Writealettertoherincluding:1.Apologizesincerely;2.Explainthereason(trafficjam);3.Offertotreathertoamealascompensation.Note:Wordcountshouldbearound100words.答案：（略）解析：本题为道歉信写作。要点包括：1.真诚道歉；2.解释原因（严重交通堵塞）；3.提出补偿（请吃饭）。范文态度诚恳，理由充分，补偿方案合理，有助于修复友谊。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1Sleepisoftenviewedasapassivestate,butrecentresearchsuggestsitisahighlyactiveperiodforthebrain.Duringsleep,thebrainprocessesmemories,consolidatingwhatwaslearnedduringthedayandclearingoutmetabolicwasteproducts.AstudypublishedinthejournalScienceindicatesthattheglymphaticsystem,whichactsasthebrain'scleaningcrew,workstentimesmoreefficientlyduringsleepthanwhenawake.ThissystemflushesouttoxinsthatarelinkedtoneurodegenerativediseaseslikeAlzheimer's.Furthermore,sleepplaysavitalroleinemotionalregulation.Lackofsleepcanleadtoheightenedstressresponsesanddifficultyinmanagingemotions.Expertsrecommendthatadultsaimfor7to9hoursofqualitysleeppernight.Toimprovesleephygiene,itisadvisedtomaintainaconsistentsleepschedule,avoidscreensbeforebed,andcreateadark,quietenvironment.Ignoringtheimportanceofsleepcanhaveseriouslong-termconsequencesforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.（1-1）Accordingtothetext,whathappenstothebrainduringsleep?（）AItshutsdowncompletelytorestBItactivelyprocessesmemoriesandclearswasteCItstopsproducinganynewcellsDItconsumesmoreenergythanduringexercise（1-2）Howmuchmoreefficientistheglymphaticsystemduringsleepcomparedtobeingawake?（）ATwotimesmoreefficientBFivetimesmoreefficientCTentimesmoreefficientDTwentytimesmoreefficient（1-3）Whatisapotentialconsequenceoflackingsleep?（）AImprovedmemoryretentionBHeightenedstressresponsesCFastermetabolismoffoodDIncreasedphysicalstrength（1-4）Whichofthefollowingisrecommendedtoimprovesleephygiene?（）AWatchingTVuntilfallingasleepBDrinkingcoffeerightbeforebedCMaintainingaconsistentsleepscheduleDSleepinginabrightlylitroom（1-5）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?（）ASleepisapassivestatewithnobrainactivityBAlzheimer'sdiseaseiscausedsolelybylackofsleepCSleepisanactivestatecrucialforbrainhealthandemotionalregulationDAdultsneedlesssleepastheygetolder答案：1-1.B1-2.C1-3.B1-4.C1-5.C解析：1.细节理解题。文章第一段指出睡眠期间大脑"processesmemories...andclearingoutmetabolicwasteproducts"，是一个高度活跃的时期。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第二段"workstentimesmoreefficientlyduringsleepthanwhenawake"可知，效率高出十倍。故选C。3.细节理解题。文中提到"Lackofsleepcanleadtoheightenedstressresponses"，即缺乏睡眠会导致压力反应增强。故选B。4.细节理解题。文章建议"maintainaconsistentsleepschedule"等做法来改善睡眠卫生，而看屏幕、喝咖啡或亮灯都是不推荐的。故选C。5.主旨大意题。全文主要讲述睡眠并非被动状态，而是对记忆处理、废物清除和情绪调节至关重要的活跃过程。故选C。Passage2TheancientSilkRoadwasnotjustasingleroadbutavastnetworkoftraderoutesconnectingtheEastandWest.Itfacilitatedtheexchangeofgoodslikesilk,spices,andporcelain,butitsimpactwentfarbeyondcommerce.Ideas,religions,technologies,andculturestraveledalongthesepaths,shapingcivilizationsacrossEurasia.Forexample,papermakingtechnologyspreadfromChinatotheWest,revolutionizingrecord-keepingandeducation.Similarly,BuddhismtraveledfromIndiatoChinaandbeyond,influencingartandphilosophy.AlthoughtheSilkRoaddeclinedwiththeriseofseatradeinthe15thcentury,itslegacyremainsevidenttodayintheculturaldiversityandinterconnectednessoftheregionsitoncelinked.Moderninitiatives,suchastheBeltandRoadInitiative,aimtorevivethespiritofcooperationandconnectivitythatdefinedtheancientroutes.（2-1）WhatwastheprimaryfunctionoftheSilkRoadinitially?（）AMilitaryconquest.BReligiouspilgrimage.CTradeandexchangeofgoods.DTourismandsightseeing.（2-2）Besidesgoods,whatelsewasexchangedalongtheSilkRoad?（）AOnlymoneyandgold.BIdeas,religions,technologies,andcultures.CAnimalsandplantsonly.DWeaponsandarmor.（2-3）WhichtechnologymentionedinthetextspreadfromChinatotheWest?（）AGunpowder.BThecompass.CPapermaking.DPrintingpress.（2-4）WhydidtheSilkRoaddecline?（）ABecauseofwarsinEurope.BBecausetheroadsbecametoodangerous.CBecauseoftheriseofseatradeinthe15thcentury.DBecausetheSilkRoadwasneverpopular.答案：2-1.C2-2.B2-3.C2-4.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Itfacilitatedtheexchangeofgoodslikesilk,spices,andporcelain..."可知，丝绸之路最初的主要功能是商品贸易和交换，故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第一段第三句"Ideas,religions,technologies,andculturestraveledalongthesepaths..."可知，除了商品，思想、宗教、技术和文化也在交流，故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第一段第五句"...papermakingtechnologyspreadfromChinatotheWest..."可知，从中国传到西方的技术是造纸术，故选C。4.细节理解题。根据第一段第六句"AlthoughtheSilkRoaddeclinedwiththeriseofseatradeinthe15thcentury..."可知，衰落的原因是15世纪海上贸易的兴起，故选C。Passage3ArtificialIntelligence(AI)israpidlytransformingvariousindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation.Inhealthcare,AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanhumandoctors,aidinginearlydiseasedetection.Forinstance,AIsystemscanidentifysubtlepatternsinX-raysthatmightindicatecancer,allowingforearlierinterventionandbetterpatientoutcomes.Intransportation,self-drivingcarsarebecomingareality,promisingtoreduceaccidentscausedb