备考2027中考英语一轮复习之七八年级核心考点精讲精练·专题十五 定语从句

七八年级核心考点精讲精练专题十五定语从句：关系代词与关系副词【教材出处】八下Unit4Helpingout：who/which/that引导的定语从句八下Unit6Livingwithnature：where/when引导的定语从句八上Unit5Playbytherules?：阅读语篇渗透定语从句【考点精讲】考点1定语从句基本概念定语从句修饰名词/代词，被修饰的词叫先行词；从句由关系词引导，置于先行词后，关系词在从句中充当成分。

基本结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句

例句：Thegirlwhoisstandingthereismysister.先行词：thegirl关系词：who（从句中作主语）定语从句：whoisstandingthere考点2关系代词（who/whom/which/that/whose）关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语。1.who指代人，从句可作主语、宾语；作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。作主语：Themanwhoistalkingtomyfatherisadoctor.作宾语：ThegirlwhoImetyesterdayisverykind.

补充：口语中who常替代whom作宾语。2.whom指代人，仅作从句宾语，正式文体专用，口语多用who替换。Theboywhomyousawismybrother.

介词搭配两种写法：正式（介词前置）：TheteachertowhomyoutalkedisMrWang.非正式（介词后置）：Theteacherwho/whomyoutalkedtoisMrWang.

补充：中考不重点考查who与whom区分，掌握who即可。3.which指代事物，从句作主语、宾语；作宾语可省略。作主语：Thebookwhichisonthedeskismine.作宾语：ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisinteresting.4.that人、物均可指代，从句作主语、宾语；作宾语可省略。指人=who：Themanthatistalkingtomyfatherisadoctor.指物=which：Thebookthatisonthedeskismine.5.whose表“……的”，从句作定语，人、物均可修饰。指人：Iknowthegirlwhosefatherisateacher.指物：Iliveinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.6.介词+关系代词关系代词作介词宾语有两种句式：正式（介词前置）：TheschoolinwhichIstudiedisverybig.非正式（介词后置）：TheschoolwhichIstudiedinisverybig.

⚠️关键规则：介词前置时，只能用which（物）/whom（人），不能用that/who；介词后置无此限制。7.关系代词作主/宾语核心区别关系代词先行词从句成分能否省略who人主语/宾语作宾语可省which物主语/宾语作宾语可省that人/物主语/宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省略whose人/物定语不可省略两条核心规则：关系代词作主语：从句谓语单复数与先行词保持一致Thegirlwholikesmusicismyfriend.（先行词单数，谓语likes）Thegirlswholikemusicaremyfriends.（先行词复数，谓语like）关系代词作宾语：可直接省略不可省（作主语）：Themanwhoisstandingthereismyuncle.可省（作宾语）：Thebook(which/that)Ireadisinteresting.考点3关系副词（where/when/why）关系副词在从句中作状语，一律不可省略。where：地点状语，先行词为地点（school,city,room,place）ThisistheschoolwhereIstudied.when：时间状语，先行词为时间（day,year,time,moment）IwillneverforgetthedaywhenImethim.why：原因状语，先行词只能是reasonCanyoutellmethereasonwhyhewaslate?考点4关系代词vs关系副词判断方法核心判断标准：看从句是否缺少主语/宾语从句缺主语、宾语→用关系代词（who/which/that）从句主谓宾结构完整→用关系副词（where/when/why）

先行词从句缺主语/宾语从句结构完整（作状语）人who/that无物which/that无地点which/thatwhere时间which/thatwhen原因无why例句区分：ThisistheschoolwhereIstudied.

Istudied主谓完整，无宾语，用where（地点状语）Thisistheschoolwhich/thatIvisited.

visit是及物动词，缺宾语，用which/that四、高频失分点整理失分点1混淆who/which指代对象错误：Themanwhichisstandingthereismyuncle.正确：Themanwho/thatisstandingthereismyuncle.

解析：人用who/that，物用which失分点2关系代词作宾语重复代词错误：ThebookthatIboughtitisinteresting.正确：ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting.

解析：that已经充当bought的宾语，不能再加it失分点3关系代词作主语，谓语单复数不匹配错误：Thegirlswholikesmusicaremyfriends.正确：Thegirlswholikemusicaremyfriends.

解析：谓语跟随先行词单复数变化失分点4分不清where和which/that错误：ThisistheschoolwhichIstudied.正确：ThisistheschoolwhereIstudied.

解析：study此处为不及物动词，句子不缺宾语，用where失分点5混淆whose和who’s错误：Doyouknowtheboywho’sfatherisateacher?正确：Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisateacher?

解析：whose表“……的”；who’s=whois五、九年级衔接预览九年级Unit4Heroes拓展非限制性定语从句：用逗号和主句隔开；不能使用that；指人用who，指物用which；大量出现介词+whom/which结构。

本专题仅掌握限制性定语从句，为九年级铺垫。三级过关精练过关一・基础达标一、填入合适关系代词/关系副词Theboy________isreadingabookismybrother.Thebook________Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.Thisistheschool________Istudied.Iwillneverforgettheday________Imether.Theman________yousawismyuncle.Iknowthegirl________fatherisadoctor.Thewoman________istalkingtomymotherisateacher.Thisisthehouse________Ilivedlastyear.Thereason________hewaslateisnotclear.Themovie________wewatchedisveryexciting.二、单项选择Thegirl________issingingismysister.

A.which B.who C.whom D.whoseThebook________Ireadyesterdayisveryinteresting.

A.which B.whom C.who D.whoseThisistheschool________Istudiedtwoyearsago.

A.which B.that C.where D.whoseIknowtheman________daughterisafamoussinger.

A.who B.which C.whom D.whoseThemovie________wesawlastnightisveryexciting.

A.who B.which C.whose D.whomThisisthehouse________IlivedwhenIwasyoung.

A.which B.that C.where D.whoseTheboy________fatherisateacherismyclassmate.

A.who B.which C.whom D.whoseThewoman________youmetyesterdayismyaunt.

A.who B.which C.whose D.whomThebook________isonthedeskismine.

A.who B.whom C.which D.whoseIwillneverforgettheday________Ijoinedtheclub.

A.which B.that C.whose D.when过关二・能力提升三、动词适当形式填空Thegirlwho________(dance)nowismysister.Thebookwhich________(be)onthedeskismine.Thestudentswho________(study)hardwillpasstheexam.Thisisthebestmoviethat________(show)inourschoollastyear.Theboywhosefather________(be)ateacherismyfriend.四、单项选择Theman________istalkingtomyteacherisfromEngland.

A.which B.whom C.who D.whoseThebook________Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryuseful.

A.who B.which C.whose D.whomThisisthecity________Iwasborn.

A.which B.that C.whose D.whereDoyouknowtheboy________motherisanurse?

A.who B.which C.whose D.whomThefilm________wesawyesterdaywasverymoving.

A.who B.which C.whose D.whomThisisthepark________Ioftenplaywithmyfriends.

A.which B.that C.where D.whoseTheteacher________youarewaitingforiscoming.

A.who B.which C.whose D.whomThebook________coverisblueismine.

A.who B.which C.whose D.thatThisistheschool________Ivisitedlastyear.

A.where B.which C.when D.whoThereason________hewasabsentisthathewasill.

A.which B.that C.when D.why过关三・综合突破五、短文填空：填入关系词Ihaveagoodfriend________(36)nameisLucy.Sheisthegirl________(37)isalwaysreadytohelpothers.Shelivesinacity________(38)therearemanybeautifulparks.Iwillneverforgettheday________(39)wefirstmet.Wemetinalibrary________(40)weoftenwenttoreadbooks.Lastweek,shegavemeabook________(41)sheboughtfromthebookstore.Thebookisaboutayoungman________(42)travelledaroundtheworld.Ilikethebookverymuch.Itisoneofthebestbooks________(43)Ihaveeverread.Thereason________(44)Ilikeitsomuchisthatittellsustofollowourdreams.参考答案与详细解析过关一・基础达标一、填空who/that先行词boy指人，从句缺主语which/that先行词book指物，从句缺宾语，可省略where先行词school，从句主谓完整，缺地点状语when先行词day，从句主谓宾完整，缺时间状语who/whom/that先行词man指人，从句缺宾语，可省略whose修饰father，表所属“女孩的爸爸”who/that先行词woman指人，从句缺主语where先行词house，live不及物，句子完整，地点状语why先行词reason，表原因状语which/that先行词movie指物，从句缺宾语，可省略二、单项选择B先行词girl指人，从句缺主语用whoAbook指物，缺宾语用whichCstudy不及物，句子完整，地点状语whereD