2025~2026学年上海市奉贤区高三下学期4月第二学期高中英语练习卷

2025~2026学年上海市奉贤区高三下学期4月第二学期高中英语练习卷一、语法填空Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ARiskyInoculation(预防接种)thatChangedRussiaCatherinetheGreatsetouttodefineRussiaasanextremelyimportantpowerinEurope.Herruleremainedstable1theyearof1768,whensomethingbegantothreatenherpeopleandherposition—anancientdiseasenamedsmallpox.Bythe18thcentury,smallpox2(become)particularlydeadly.Oneinfivepeoplewhocaughtitdied.Itwasparticularlydangerousforchildren,soparentswouldbeadvisednottocounttheirchildrenunlesstheysurvivedsmallpox.Therewasabsolutely3thatcouldbedone.Peopletriedkeepingpatientshot4(sweat)thediseaseoutorevenbleedingthem,neitherofwhichdidanygood.Sincethe16thcentury,therehadbeeninoculation5(practise)widelyinChina,theMiddleEastandTurkey.Itinvolvedapersonbeinggivenacontrolleddose(剂量)ofthedisease.Atinydropofpus(脓液)fromthespotsofsomeonewiththedisease6(collect).Thentheliveviruswasputintoacutonthearmofthehealthyperson.In1767,aBritishdoctornamedDinsdalepublishedaninstructionmanualandintroducedhiswaytoinoculatesafely.Andthat’s7hecametotheattentionofCatherinetheGreat.Inthe1760s,inoculationwasn’tacommonpracticeinRussia,aland8therewas“enormousdistrust”againstit.Catherinemadethebravedecisiontoexperimentwithtreatmentfirst.SheputherfaithinscienceandherlifeinthehandsofDinsdale,9(call)forhimin1768totreatherandherfamily.Catherine’sinoculationwentsowellthatherexperienceencouragedherpeopletogetinoculated,too.Indeed,herfirstexperimentdemonstratedgreatresolutionandfirmnessofhermind.Toherpeople,sheprojectedanimageofherself10acaringruler.ShewasrememberedforadvancingpublichealthinRussiaandsavingmillionsoflives.二、选词填空Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.opennessB.translatingC.ancientD.reducedE.dramaticF.personally

G.fixedH.suggestI.balanceJ.emotionallyK.copyingListeningtotheElementsIntheworldofcontemporaryclassicalmusic,fewcomposershaveexploredculturaldialogueasquietlyandpersistentlyasQigangChen.BorninShanghaiandtrainedinFrance,Chenhasspentdecades11ChinesephilosophicalideasintoamusicallanguageofWesterntraditions.Oneofhismostwidelyperformedworks,WuXing(TheFiveElements),offersamarvellousexampleofhow12wisdomcanbereinterpretedformodernaudience.Completedinthelate1990s,WuXingisafive-movementorchestralpiece(管弦乐曲)inspiredbythetraditionalChineseconceptthatviewstheuniverseasadynamic13offiveforces:metal,wood,water,fireandearth.Insteadoftreatingtheseelementsas14symbols,Chenpresentsthemaspartofacontinuouscycleinwhicheachgeneratesthenext.Thisideaofmovementandtransformationliesattheheartofthecomposition.Theworkopensnotwitha(n)15statementbutwithreserve.Slightchangesintextureandcoloursuggesttheflowofwater,whilelatermovementsintroducesharperrhythmsandbrightersoundstoindicatefireandmetal.Chenavoidsdirectly16traditionalChinesemusic.Forhim,traditionisnotsomethingtobedirectlydisplayedbutsomethingtobeabsorbedandreshaped.HeusesthefullresourcesofaWesternorchestrato17qualitiessuchasweight,flowandtension.Indoingso,heinviteslistenerstoexperiencethephilosophy18ratherthanintellectually.Atatimewhenglobalcultureisoften19toeasylabels,Chen’sworkoffersaquieteralternative.WuXingdoesnotexplainthefiveelements;itlistenstothem.Itimpliesthatculturalexchangeinmusicdoesnotdependongranddisplay,butonpatience,disciplineanda(n)20totransformation.Andinthatsilencebetweensounds,somethingnewisborn.三、完形填空Tovisitors,theItaliancityofVenicedisplaysasplendidpictureofhistoricbuildings,waterways,belltowers,andredroofs.Yetthecityalsofeaturesamighty(威猛的)wingedlion,the21ofwhatwasoncecalledtheVenetianRepublic(697-1797).Lionsofvarioussizesandmaterialswerecarvedintostructuresthroughoutitsstreetsandsquares.Amongthem,perhapsthe22versionisabronzestatuestandingatopacolumnnearSt.Mark’sSquare.Now,newevidencesuggeststhatthisfamousstatuemayhaveoriginatednotinEurope,butinChina.Usingchemicalanalysisonsamplestakenfromthesculpture,ateamfromtheUniversityofPadua23themetalusedinthestatuetotheYangtzeRiverregioninChina.Theirfindings24long-heldassumptionsaboutthestatue’sorigins.Forcenturies,expertshadbelieveditwascraftedeitherinItalyortheMiddleEast—yetitsstylishuniquenessremainedanenduring25.Thenewdiscoverymayfinallyhelpsolvethatmystery.ThoughinstalledinSt.Mark’sSquareduringthe13thcentury,thelionshowsasurprising26toartworkproducedinChinaduringtheTangDynasty,ratherthanthatfoundinmedieval(中世纪的)MediterraneanEurope.Theresearcherspointtospecificfeatures—theshapeofitsnose,aswellasscars(疤痕)indicatingthe27ofearlierhorns—asconvincingevidence.Further28thecomplexity,thecolumnonwhichthelionstandsisofMiddleEastorigin.Andrecordsshowthestatuehasundergonemultiplerepairs,theearliestdatingbackto1293.“ItispossiblethatMarcoPolo’sfatheranduncle,duringtheirfour-yearstayinChina,playedakeyrolein29thesculpture,”theresearchersnote.Ifso,theobjecttheybroughtbackwas30azhènmùshòu—afiercelion-likegraveguardianfromtheTangDynasty.OncetransportedtoItaly,thestatuewaslikely“carefullyandlaboriouslyreshaped”to31theimageofthewingedlionofSt.Mark,theyadd.The32includeremovingitsoriginalhornsandaddingastone“wig”—apieceofheadwearthatsignifiespowerandauthority.33,writtenrecordsareabsent,leavingtheexactcircumstancesofitsjourneyopentointerpretation.“Thoughtheinstallationofthelionwasintendedtoprojecta(n)34politicalmessage,wemaynowalsoviewitasagentlereminderoftheconnectednessofthemedievalworld,”theresearchersconclude.Ultimately,thelionisaquietwitnesstothehidden35thatoncewovetheworldtogether.21.A．territoryB．titleC．symbolD．status22.A．worst-affectedB．least-visitedC．most-neededD．best-known23.A．owedB．tracedC．datedD．applied24.A．confirmB．overlookC．challengeD．revise25.A．puzzleB．ritualC．appealD．beauty26.A．comparisonB．contrastC．dedicationD．similarity27.A．functionB．removalC．renewalD．destruction28.A．breakingdownB．puttingasideC．addingtoD．takingaway29.A．acquiringB．ruiningC．studyingD．designing30.A．eventuallyB．originallyC．controversiallyD．rarely31.A．presentB．protectC．postD．print32.A．innovationsB．interventionsC．decorationsD．modifications33.A．AdditionallyB．ConsequentlyC．UnfortunatelyD．Accordingly34.A．vagueB．powerfulC．urgentD．dangerous35.A．treasuresB．figuresC．threadsD．patterns四、阅读理解AnAustralian13-year-oldboyswam4kmtoshoreandthenrananother2kmtogethelpforhisfamily,whowerestrandedatsea.AustinAppelbeewascalled“superhuman”forwhathedid.Expertssayhisextraordinaryeffortwentbeyondwhatpeopletypicallyconsiderpossible.Austinandhisfamilywereonholidaywhensuddenlystrongwindsblewtheirboardsawayfromtheshore.Hismother,Joanne,toldhimtoswimtolandforhelp.Sheknewhewasthestrongestswimmerandthathecoulddoit.Austinfirsttriedtopaddleakayak(皮划艇),butittookontoomuchwaterinthebadweather,sohehadtoabandonit.Abouttwohourslater,hetookoffhislifejacket.“Iwasdepleted,butIcouldhardlyfeelthetiredness,”hesaid.“Ijustkeptonswimming—doingbreaststroke,freestyle,andevensurvivalbackstroke.”Afterswimming4kmtoshoreinthefadinglight,theteenagerrananother2kmtohisfamily’shotel.Atabout6p.m.,heusedhismother’sphonetocallforhelp.“Itoldthem,‘Ineedhelicopters.Ineedplanes.Ineedboats.Myfamily’soutatsea.’Iwasverycalmaboutit.Ithinkitwasjustalotofshock,”herecalled.Rightafterthecall,hefaintedfromexhaustionandwastakentohospital.Hisfamilywerelaterfoundfloatingabout14kmoffshoreandrescued.Dangerousmomentscanhelppeoplegobeyondtheirlimits,andthebodyreleasesstresshormonestoassistwithshort-durationactivity.Butforaswimlastinghours,survivalbackstroke—aswimmingstyleaimedatconservingenergyinsaltwater—wascrucial.Austinstartedswimminglessonsatagefour.Hepreviouslyfoundit“quitetiring”toswimjust350meterswithoutabreak.However,thistimehemadeitandprovedtobeatruehero.36.WhydidAustinsetoutforhelpbyhimself?

A．Hisfamilyweretrappedfarfromtheshore.B．Thekayakhisfamilyusedwassinkingfast.C．Astrongstormseparatedhimfromhisparents.D．Hetriedtoprovehewasthestrongestswimmer.37.Theunderlinedword“depleted”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.

A．cheeredupB．blownawayC．calmeddownD．burnedout38.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatenabledAustintoaccomplishthislong-durationswim?

A．Stresshormonesreleasedindangeroussituations.B．Survivalbackstrokeconservingenergyinsaltwater.C．Theencouragementhereceivedfromtherescueteam.D．Theswimmingtraininghehadreceivedovertheyears.39.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．A13-year-oldBoy’sHeroicRescueB．TheSciencebehindHumanLimitsC．AFamily’sUnexpectedAdventureD．TheValueofSwimmingTrainingReadingareceiptinvolvesidentifyingthecontactinformationforthebusiness,locatingthedateandtime,reviewingtheitemizedlistofproductswithprices,andcheckingthesubtotal,taxes,andfinaltotalatthebottom.Importantdetailsalsoincludepaymentmethod(cash/card)andtheuniquereferencenumber.

FreshGroceryStore6MainStreetCash2–2025/5/23ThecontactinformationforthebusinessThedateofthepurchaseFruits/Vegetables

Onions£1.30

Bakery

Bread£2.59

RefrigeratedProducts

Butter£4.99

Meat

Wholeroastedchicken£12.54

Grocery

Cannedcrushedtomatoes£2.49

Rice1.4kg£6.99

Chocolatebar110g£1.99

Papertowels2units£1.49

BeautyandHealth

Handsoap£2.79

Subtotal£37.17

Tax£2.30

Total£39.47

Cash£40.00

Change£0.53Thankyouforyourtrustandseeyounexttime!**ClientCopy**KeepthiscopyforyourrecordsThelistofwhatyouboughtTheamountofthepurchasesThetotalamountoftaxes*ThetotalamounttopayThepaymentmethodused-Cash-CardReturnsareallowedwiththeoriginalsalesreceiptAnyitemmaybereturnedforanexchangeorrefundwithin14daysofpurchase,provideditisinitsoriginalpackaging.Afterthisperiod,onlyexchangesareaccepted.Someexceptionsapply.Seethedetailsin-store.Returnpolicies*Taxesareoneoftheprimarysourcesofincomeforgovernments.Themoneyisusedtofundallgovernmentspending,includingpublicservicessuchashealthcare,educationandtransportation.Whytaxcustomersandbusinesses?40.Itcanbelearnedfromthereceiptthat________.

A．thetaxwasalreadyincludedinthesubtotalB．thebuttermayneedtobestoredinafridgeC．thestoresellscookedfoodproductsexclusivelyD．thecustomerhandedovertheexactamountofcash41.IfthecustomerdecidedtoreturnthehandsoaponJune15,2025,he________.

A．couldexpectafullrefundfromthestoreB．wouldbeaskedtoprovideproofofpaymentC．shouldremembertorepackagetheproductD．wouldnotbeallowedtomakeanexchange42.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?

A．Toadvertisetheproductsinthestore.B．Toinstructstaffoncustomerservice.C．Tohighlightthestore’staxingpolicy.D．Toteachpeoplehowtoreadareceipt.InFrenchculture,sevenisknownasl’âgederaison—theageatwhichchildrencantellrightfromwrongandassumesomemoralresponsibility.YetFrance’snationalrailoperatorappearstodisagree.Theybelievethatchildrenmustbeatleast12tobehaveappropriatelyonatrain.Earlierthismonth,SNCF,thestate-ownedrailwaycompany,launcheditsnewOptimumPlustariff(费用)onweekdayrailservicesbetweenParisandLyon,offeringlargerseats,betterfoodandnounder-12s.Designedtoattractbusinesstravellers,themovearousedcriticismandawiderdebateabouttheplaceofchildreninsociety,particularlyatatimeofdecliningbirthrates.“Wecan’tsaywe’renothavingenoughchildrenandatthesametimetrytoexcludethemfromeverywhere,”arguedSarahElHairy,aFrenchofficial.Thosewhohaveenduredlongjourneyswithnoisychildrenmayunderstandtheappealofchild-freespaces.Butthereactionreflectsastrongculturalobjection.Francetraditionallygrantschildrenautonomyandresponsibility,prioritisingtheirintegrationintowidersociety.Childrenareexpectedtotakepartineverydayrituals,fromelaborateschoollunchestopolitegreetings.Theunderlyinglogicissimple:treatingchildrenasvalued,responsiblemembersofsocietyhelpsthembecomerespectfuladults.Excludingthemfrompublicspacesweakensthatlesson.The“nokids”rulethereforestruckanerve.SNCF,closelytiedtoFrenchidentityandsummerholidays,isgenerallyfamily-friendly.Forexample,activitypacksaredistributedtoyoungtravellers,andsummertrainsoftencarrygroupsofchildrenheadingtocamps.Afterthesocialmediastorm,SNCFstressedthatthenewtariffappliestoonly8%ofweekdayseatsononerouteandlaterremovedreferencestoaminimumage.Yetdebatecontinues.Criticsarguethatasocietyunwillingtotoleratechildrenistroubling.Thecontroversyalsoconnectswithdemographic(人口的)anxiety.AlthoughFrancestillhasoneofthehighestbirthratesintheEU,birthshavefallensharply,with24%fewerbabiesbornlastyearthanin2010.TheFrenchgovernmenthascalledforexpandingpaidparentalleaveandmaintainingextensivefamilysupport.Still,concernsaboutlivingcostsandtheclimatecrisisweighheavilyondecisionsaboutparenthood.SNCF’spolicymayaffectonlyasmallnumberofseats,butthereactionmatters.Keepingchildrenwelcomeinpublicspaceswillnotreversefallingbirthrates.Treatingthemastroubles,however,isunlikelytohelp.43.WhydidSNCFlaunchtheOptimumPlustariff?

A．Toofferlargerseatstochildrenunder12.B．Toappealtofrequentbusinesstravellers.C．Toencouragepublicdiscussionaboutchildren.D．Topromotethesaleofrailticketsonweekends.44.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSNCFaccordingtothepassage?

A．Itinsistsonthe“nokids”ruledespitestrongopposition.B．Ithaslongbeencriticizedfornotbeingfamily-friendly.C．Ithasattemptedtosoftentheimpactofthenewpolicy.D．Itpromisestograntyoungpassengersmoreautonomy.45.The“nokids”policyarousespublicconcerninFrancebecause_______.

A．itconflictswithFrance’straditionalattitudetochildrenB．ithasfurtherdecreasedthebirthrateamongFrenchC．itlimitschildren’saccesstoallpublictransportationD．itmaycausestress-relatednerveproblemsinchildren46.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudeinthepassage?

A．Neutralandmixedaboutthepolicy’ssocialimpact.B．Concernedandcriticalof“no-kids”ruleonboard.C．Worriedbutsupportiveofpoliciesfavouringparents.D．Suspiciousyetrespectfuloftherailoperator’spolicy.ACowShocksScientistsbyUsingaToolThesmartanimalclubcontinuestoaddnewmembers,andthenewestmightsurpriseyou.Inastudynewlypublished,scientistsfromtheUniversityofVeterinaryMedicineanalyzedthebehaviorofapetcowinAustrianamedVeronikaandconcludedthatitqualifiesastooluse.Thedefinitionoftooluseisactuallyratherstrict.47Despiteroughly10,000yearsofhuman-cattlecoexistence,thisisthefirsttimescientistshavedocumentedacowusingatool.48Theythenrecordedwhichendshegrabbedandwhichpartofherbodyshescratched(挠).Accordingtotheresearchers,Veronikarolledouthertonguelikeacarpet,usingitsflexibletiptograbthestickandrollitintohermouth.Shethenheldthebrushsteadily,turnedherneck,andscratchedherself.Thisobservationmadescientistsreconsidercows’intelligence.49Veronika,asresearchersnoted,haddifferentpreferencesforscratchingdifferentareasofherbody.Forexample,whentargetingthesofterandmoresensitiveregionsofherlowerbody,sheswitchesovertothesmoothstickend.Moreover,whenscratchingherupperbody,Veronikauseswiderandmoreforcefulmovements,whileherlower-bodyscratchingisslower,morecareful,andhighlycontrolled.“ThetestconfirmedVeronika’sbehaviorwasintentionalandcontrolled,”saysRobertShumaker,anevolutionarybiologist.50Thereisalreadyevidencethatothermammalslikewaterbuffaloandgoatsareknowntoolusers.

A．Moresurprisingly,theanimalcanevenadjusthowshehandlesthetool.B．Themulti-purposenatureoftooluseisbeyondeveryone’sexpectations.C．Herlifecircumstancesmaytosomeextentexplainthisuniquebehavior.D．Ananimalmustintentionallygraspandcontrolanobjecttoachieveagoal.E．TotestVeronika’sskills,researchersplacedabrushonthegroundnearher.F．Heisexcitedtoaddcowstothelistoftool-usinganimals,butnotsurprised.五、书面表达51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Algorithm(算法)FatigueAlgorithmfatigueisthetirednessfrombeing“perfectlytargeted”byeveryplatform.Onmultiplee-commerceapps,the“RecommendedforYou”andprecisetargetingfeaturesoncefeltlikemagic.Now,itjustseemsexhausting.Whenanalgorithmistooaccurate,itfeelslikeaspy.Theperfectcontentitgeneratesfixesoureyesonscreens;it’slikeaddictivepotatochips.Thebiggestissueisthatitremovesthe“happyaccident”.Algorithmsarelogical,buthumansareunpredictable.Whenalgorithmsgettoogood,wearetrappedinaninformationbubblethatsimplymirrorsourownopinions.Meanwhile,whenacomputerdecideswhatwesee,wearenolongerthepilotofourownattention.Ourchoicesarenolongertrulyours—theyarepredicted,shaped,andfedbacktous.Atitscore,algorithmfatiguesignalsafundamentallossofautonomy.Welosenotonlythejoyofdiscovery,butalsothecapacitytoknowwhatwemighthavechosenonourown.Lookingahead,technologyisheretostay,andalgorithmsdohelpusinmanyways.Butbalanceisneeded.Fordevelopers,thechallengeistobuildsystemsthatleaveroomfortheunexpected.Futureappscouldincludea“surpriseme”button—onethatpushesusbeyondourusualchoices.Fortheres