【新教材】鲁教版(五四学制)（2024） 八年级下册英语期末复习手册（Unit 1–8）

第第页【新教材】鲁教版(五四学制)（2024）八年级下册英语期末复习手册（Unit1–8）教材版本：鲁教版（五四学制）（2024）初中英语八年级说明：本手册依据最新2024版单元结构编写（区别于2012年版），内容含单元话题、重点单词/短语/句型、语法聚焦、易错警示、写作指导、语法专项、书面表达策略与模拟检测卷。一、复习范围与备考策略本手册覆盖八年级下册Unit1–8，对应期末（全册）考试范围，期末在期中基础上重点新增：宾语从句that/if/whether/wh-（U5–U6）、usedtodo（U7）、被动语态（U8）。建议：U1–U4回顾，U5–U8重点突破，最后用模拟卷综合检测。本次复习单元：•U1Whenwasheborn?•U2It'saniceday,isn'tit?•U3Wherewouldyouliketovisit?•U4Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?•U5Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!•U6Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?•U7Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.•U8Whataretheshirtsmadeof?二、分单元知识梳理U1Whenwasheborn?1.单元话题与目标话题：名人成就与被动语态（Famouspeople,achievementsandthepassivevoice）•掌握一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+过去分词）。•能用when/who引导的特殊疑问句询问信息。•掌握感叹句的基本结构。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文born出生；天生的international国际的pianist钢琴家accident（交通）事故；意外遭遇happen发生；出现lucky幸运的；运气好的poor贫穷的；清贫的succeed成功become成为rich富有的pay付费；支付visit参观；访问；游客decide决定；选定achieve达到；完成；成功prize奖；奖品；奖金receive接受；收到able能够的record记录；唱片national国家的；民族的talented有才能的；天才的mankind人类degree学位；度数；程度grant拨款；授予award授予；奖品scholarship奖学金major主修；专业physics物理（学）university（综合性）大学；高等学府education教育influence影响3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文too...to太……而不能……beableto能够attheageof在……岁时takepartin参加；参与becauseof因为；由于goon继续thefirst...todo第一个做……的人winaprize获奖achieveone'sdream实现某人的梦想giveup放弃beborn出生agreatChinesepianist一位伟大的中国钢琴家haveagreatinfluenceon对……有很大影响changeone'slife改变某人的生活makeadecision做决定befamousfor因……而著名intheworld在世界上allovertheworld全世界4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文Whenwasheborn?他什么时候出生的？Hewasbornin1982.他出生于1982年。Who'sthat?那是谁？Howlongdidheskate?他滑冰滑了多久？Whendidhestartskating?他什么时候开始滑冰的？Heisatalentedmusician.他是一位有天赋的音乐家。HewasthefirstChinesepianisttowintheprize.他是第一位获此奖的中国钢琴家。Howclevertheboyis!这个男孩多聪明啊！Whatasmartboyheis!他是一个多聪明的男孩啊！Heisknownforhisgreatachievement.他因伟大的成就而闻名。5.语法聚焦：一般过去时的被动语态与感叹句一、一般过去时的被动语态构成was/were+及物动词的过去分词。am/is→was；are→were。

例：HewasborninBeijing./ThebookwaswrittenbyLuXun./Theywereinvitedtotheparty.二、被动语态的基本句式肯定：主语+was/were+done；否定：+not；疑问：Was/Were提前。

例：Wasthewindowbroken?（窗户被打破了吗？）/Theletterwasnotsent.三、by短语与动作执行者被动句中可用by+执行者说明'被谁……'。例：ThesongwassungbyJayChou.

若执行者不明或不重要，常省略by短语（如Hewasborn...不提by）。四、感叹句：What与HowWhat+(a/an)+形容词+名词（+主语+谓语）！例：Whatacleverboy(heis)!/Whatfineweather(itis)!

How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）！例：Howclevertheboyis!/Howfastheruns!

口诀：名前what，形副前how；多记whata(n)，不可数无名a。五、when/who引导的特殊疑问句when问时间：Whenwereyouborn?；who问人（作主语）：WhotaughtyouEnglish?（主动语序）。

注意who作主语时用陈述语序，不用倒装。6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：Hewerebornin2008.正：Hewasbornin2008.（第三人称单数用was）⚠误：Thebookwaswritebyhim.正：Thebookwaswrittenbyhim.（用过去分词written）⚠误：Howacleverboy!正：Whatacleverboy!（名词前用what）⚠误：Whatfastheruns!正：Howfastheruns!（副词前用how）⚠误：Whodidteachyou?正：Whotaughtyou?（who作主语用陈述语序）⚠误：Heistooyoungthathecan'tgo.正：Heistooyoungtogo.（too...to表'太……而不能'）7.写作微指导写作任务：介绍一位你崇拜的名人（出生、成就、对你的影响），80词左右。常用表达：•He/Shewasbornin...•He/Sheisfamousfor...•He/Sheachievedhis/herdreamby...•He/Shehasagreatinfluenceonme.•Iwanttolearnfromhim/her.范文示例：IadmirethepianistLangLang.HewasborninShenyangin1982.Hestartedtolearnthepianoatayoungageandpracticedveryhard.HewasthefirstChinesepianisttowinworldfame.Heisfamousforhiswonderfulperformancesallovertheworld.Heshowsusthatnothingisimpossibleifwenevergiveup.Hehasagreatinfluenceonme.Iwanttolearnfromhimandworkhardformydream.U2It'saniceday,isn'tit?1.单元话题与目标话题：闲聊与反意疑问句（Smalltalkandtagquestions）•掌握反意疑问句（tagquestions）的构成与用法。•学会用天气、环境等开启闲聊（smalltalk）。•了解日常交际中的礼貌表达。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文silence沉默；缄默；无声fall落下；掉落bowling保龄球soap肥皂；肥皂剧drama戏；剧bymistake错误地；无意中press按；压brush刷；刷子garbage垃圾；废弃物admire欣赏；仰慕plastic塑料的can罐头recycle回收；再利用reusable可重复使用的bag袋；包napkin餐巾；擦嘴巾throwaway扔掉；抛弃difference差异；差别save节省；保存；救助protect保护；防护environment环境litter乱扔垃圾；垃圾spit吐；唾沫public公众的；公共场所cutdown砍倒；削减turnoff关掉insteadof代替；而不是takeataxi乘出租车carpool拼车pollution污染3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文It'saniceday,isn'tit?天气真好，不是吗？turnoff关掉（灯、水等）takeabus乘公交车insteadof代替；而不是throwaway扔掉recyclebooks回收书籍savemoney省钱makeadifference起作用；有影响helpwith帮忙做……inpublic公开地；在别人面前theozonelayer臭氧层protecttheenvironment保护环境stop...from阻止……做……carefor关心；照顾apieceofpaper一张纸pickup捡起saveenergy节约能源besupposedto应该4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文It'saniceday,isn'tit?天气真好，不是吗？Yes,itis.是的，真好。You'reJenny,aren'tyou?你是珍妮，对吧？TheNo.15busstopshere,doesn'tit?15路公交车在这儿停，不是吗？It'sreallycoldtoday,isn'tit?今天真冷，不是吗？HehardlyeverwatchesTV,doeshe?他几乎不看电视，是吗？Let'sgoswimming,shallwe?咱们去游泳，好吗？Thefoodisdelicious,isn'tit?食物很美味，不是吗？Weshouldturnoffthelights,shouldn'twe?我们应该关灯，不是吗？Recyclingisgoodfortheenvironment,isn'tit?回收对环境有好处，不是吗？5.语法聚焦：反意疑问句（TagQuestions）一、基本结构陈述句+简短附加问句？原则：'前肯后否，前否后肯'，时态、人称、数前后一致。

例：It'scold,isn'tit?/Youlikemusic,don'tyou?/Heisn'there,ishe?二、附加问句的构成由be/助动词/情态动词+主语代词构成。例：Theywent,didn'tthey?/Shecanswim,can'tshe?

注意：主语必须用代词（it/they/you...），不用名词。三、特殊词的处理①陈述句含never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nothing等否定词→视为否定，附加问句用肯定。

例：Heneverlaughs,doeshe?②陈述句含everyone/noone等，附加问句主语常用they。

③Let's...用shallwe?；Letus/me...用willyou?④祈使句用willyou?/won'tyou?四、反意疑问句的回答按事实回答，Yes/No与中文习惯一致（事实肯定用Yes，否定用No），不受附加问句影响。

例：—Heisn'tastudent,ishe?—Yes,heis.（不，他是。）/—No,heisn't.（对，他不是。）五、smalltalk常用开场以天气、环境、共同处境开启闲聊：It'saniceday,isn'tit?/Thebusislate,isn'tit?是英语国家常见寒暄。6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：It'saniceday,isit?正：It'saniceday,isn'tit?（前肯后否）⚠误：Youlikemusic,don'tyoulike?正：Youlikemusic,don'tyou?（附加问句主谓缩写，无实义动词）⚠误：Henevergoesthere,doesn'the?正：Henevergoesthere,doeshe?（含never视为否定，后肯）⚠误：Thebookisinteresting,isn'tthebook?正：Thebookisinteresting,isn'tit?（用代词it）⚠误：Let'sgohome,willyou?正：Let'sgohome,shallwe?（Let's用shallwe）⚠误：—Hecan'tswim,ishe?—正：—Hecan'tswim,canhe?（附加问句用can，与陈述一致）7.写作微指导写作任务：写一段关于'保护环境，从身边小事做起'的短文，尝试使用反意疑问句，80词左右。常用表达：•It'sourdutytoprotecttheenvironment,isn'tit?•Weshouldturnoffthelights,shouldn'twe?•Recyclingishelpful,isn'tit?•Let'stakeaction,shallwe?•Smallthingscanmakeadifference.范文示例：Ourearthisindanger,isn'tit?It'sourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Weshouldturnoffthelightswhenweleave,shouldn'twe?Wecanalsorecyclebottlesandpaper.Ridingabikeisgoodfortheair,isn'tit?Smallthingscanmakeabigdifference.Let'stakeactionfromnowon,shallwe?Ifeveryonedoesalittle,theworldwillbebetter.Ibelievewecanprotectourhometogether.U3Wherewouldyouliketovisit?1.单元话题与目标话题：旅游与愿望（Travelanddesires:wish,hopeandobjectclauses）•掌握wouldlike/hopeto/wouldloveto表达愿望。•初步接触由where/when/how引导的宾语从句。•学会描述旅游偏好（relaxing,educational等）。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文vacation假期peaceful安宁的；和平的furniture家具equip配备；装备store商店；储存trek长途跋涉；徒步旅行jungle丛林fall瀑布；落下touristy游客很多的；游客常去的spot地点；场所sight景象；视力fun有趣的；娱乐including包括；包含duty责任；职责onvacation在度假translate翻译point要点；得分；指向accent口音；重音underground地下的；地铁church教堂handy便利的；手边的highly高度地；非常general普遍的；常规的except除……之外thrill使兴奋；令人激动的explorer探险者；考察者takeatrip去旅行somewhererelaxing令人放松的某个地方educational有教育意义的convenient便利的；方便的safe安全的fascinating迷人的；极有吸引力的wonderful精彩的；出色的3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文wouldliketo想要；愿意takeiteasy从容；轻松ingeneral通常；大体上assoonaspossible尽快thecapitalof……的首都oneday总有一天；有一天besupposedto应该；被期望accordingto根据；按照dreamof梦想；向往continuedoing继续做translateinto翻译成sothat以便；为了hopetodo希望做plantodo计划做goonvacation去度假somewherepeaceful安静的地方quiteafew相当多；不少bewillingto愿意4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文Wherewouldyouliketovisit?你想去哪里参观？I'dliketogosomewhererelaxing.我想去令人放松的地方。IhopetogotoFrancesomeday.我希望有一天去法国。We'dliketotrekthroughthejungle.我们想徒步穿过丛林。Whatelsecanyoutellme?你还能告诉我什么？It'sbesttotravelwithsomeone.最好和人结伴旅行。Couldyoutellmehowtogetto...?你能告诉我怎么去……吗？I'dlovetosailacrossthePacific.我想横渡太平洋。Iwanttogosomewherepeacefulandnottouristy.我想去安静、不那么游客化的地方。Ingeneral,welikeplaceswithsunnyweather.总的来说，我们喜欢阳光明媚的地方。5.语法聚焦：表达愿望与意愿（wouldlike/hopeto/wouldloveto）一、wouldlike的表达wouldlike+名词/todo（想要……）。缩写I'dlike,He'dlike。

例：I'dlikesomewater./I'dliketovisitBeijing.疑问句：Wouldyouliketo...?二、hope与wishhopetodo（希望做）；hope+that从句。wishtodo（希望做，较正式）。

例：Ihopetoseeyousoon./Ihope(that)itwillbefine.注意：hope一般不接sb.todo。三、It'sbesttodo...It'sbest(not)todo（最好（不）做……）。例：It'sbesttotravelwithafriend.

类似：It'simportant/necessary/difficulttodo...四、初步接触宾语从句（where/when/how）动词（know,tell,ask等）后的wh-疑问句变成陈述语序的宾语从句。

例：CouldyoutellmewhereIcanbuyamap?（注意用陈述语序canbuy，而非canIbuy）

这是U6宾语从句的铺垫，此处先建立'疑问词+陈述语序'的语感。五、somewhere/something等不定代词的修饰语后置形容词修饰somewhere,anywhere,something等要后置。例：somewhererelaxing/anythinginteresting。6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：I'dlikevisitingBeijing.正：I'dliketovisitBeijing.（wouldlike后接todo）⚠误：Ihopeyoutocome.正：Ihope(that)youwillcome./Iwishyoutocome.（hope不接sb.todo）⚠误：CouldyoutellmewherecanIbuyit?正：CouldyoutellmewhereIcanbuyit?（从句用陈述语序）⚠误：Let'sgotosomewhererelaxing.正：Let'sgosomewhererelaxing.（somewhere前不用to）⚠误：It'sbestnottravelalone.正：It'sbestnottotravelalone.（best后接todo）⚠误：I'dlikegotothemountains.正：I'dliketogotothemountains.（like后接todo）7.写作微指导写作任务：写一段关于'我的理想旅行地'的短文，说明想去哪里、为什么，80词左右。常用表达：•I'dliketovisit...•Ihopeto...•It'sagoodplaceto...•Iwanttosee/experience...•Itmustberelaxing/educational.范文示例：Summervacationiscoming.I'dliketovisitSwitzerland.Itisabeautifulcountrywithhighmountainsandcleanlakes.Ihopetogotherewithmyparents.Itmustbepeacefulandrelaxing.Wecanbreathefreshairandenjoytheview.Ialsowanttolearnaboutitsculture.Ingeneral,Ilikeplacesthatarequietandnottootouristy.Ibelieveitwillbeaneducationaltrip.Ican'twaittogo!U4Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?1.单元话题与目标话题：学习方法与建议（Waysoflearning:bydoing）•掌握by+动名词表示方式、途径。•学会描述学习中的困难并给出建议。•积累学习策略相关词汇与短语。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文textbook教科书；课本conversation交谈；谈话aloud大声地；出声地pronunciation发音；读音sentence句子patient有耐心的；病人expression表达（方式）；表示discover发现；发觉secret秘密；秘诀；秘密的fallinlovewith爱上；倾心于grammar语法repeat重复；重做note笔记；记录；注意physics物理；物理学chemistry化学memorize记忆；记住pattern模式；方式pronounce发音increase增加；增长speed速度partner搭档；同伴born天生的；出生bebornwith天生具有ability能力；才能create创造；创建brain大脑active活跃的；积极的attention注意；关注connect连接；与……有联系review回顾；复习knowledge知识；学问wisely明智地；聪明地lifelong终身的；毕生的overnight一夜之间；在短时间内afraid害怕；畏惧3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文workwithfriends和朋友一起学习makeflashcards制作单词卡片readaloud大声读practicepronunciation练习发音improveone'sspeakingskills提高口语技能bydoing通过做……asktheteacherforhelp向老师求助haveconversationswith与……交谈fallinlovewith爱上bebornwith天生具有payattentionto注意；关注connect...with把……和……连接或联系起来beafraidof害怕takenotes记笔记learnfrommistakes从错误中学习keepadiary记日记bitbybit一点点地；逐渐地dependon依赖；取决于beinterestedin对……感兴趣lookup查阅；抬头看4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?我们怎样才能成为好的学习者？Istudybyworkingwithagroup.我通过小组合作来学习。DoyoulearnEnglishbyreadingaloud?你通过大声朗读学英语吗？Yes,Ido.是的。It'stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.理解英语口语太难了。Themoreyouread,thefasteryou'llbe.你读得越多，速度就会越快。Idon'tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.我不知道怎么提高阅读速度。Knowledgecomesfromquestioning.知识源于质疑。Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。Iwasbornwiththeabilitytolearn.我生来就有学习的能力。5.语法聚焦：by+动名词表方式（学习途径）一、by+动名词表示方式、手段by后接动词-ing形式，意为'通过……的方式'，回答how的提问。

例：—HowdoyoulearnEnglish?—Ilearnbylisteningtotapes.二、常见学习策略表达byworkingwithfriends（合作学习）；bymakingflashcards（做卡片）；byreadingaloud（朗读）；

bytakingnotes（记笔记）；byaskingtheteacherforhelp（求助老师）；bywatchingEnglishmovies（看电影）。三、the+比较级,the+比较级表示'越……，就越……'。例：Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryouwillbe.

Theharderyoustudy,themoreknowledgeyouget.四、It's+adj.+todo与too...toIt'shardtolearnalanguage.（学语言难）；too...to表'太……而不能'。

例：Heistooyoungtogotoschool.注意：enoughto表'足够……能'：oldenoughtogo.五、bebornwith/payattentiontobebornwith（天生具有）：Wearebornwiththeabilitytolearn.；

payattentionto（注意），to是介词，后接名词或-ing：payattentiontolistening.6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：IlearnEnglishbyreadbooks.正：IlearnEnglishbyreadingbooks.（by后接doing）⚠误：Howdoyoustudy?Bymakecards.正：Bymakingcards.（by+doing）⚠误：Themoreyouread,thefastyou'llbe.正：Themoreyouread,thefasteryou'llbe.（前后都用比较级）⚠误：Heistooyoungthathecan'tgo.正：Heistooyoungtogo./soyoungthathecan'tgo.⚠误：Payattentiontolisten.正：Payattentiontolistening.（to为介词）⚠误：I'mafraidtospeakEnglishinpublic.正：I'mafraidofspeaking...或I'mafraidtospeak...（两者皆可，但of后接-ing）7.写作微指导写作任务：给同学写一段'如何学好英语'的建议（用bydoing结构），80词左右。常用表达：•IthinkthebestwaytolearnEnglishisby...•Youcanimproveyour...by...•Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.•Themoreyouread,thefasteryou'llbe.•Practicemakesperfect.范文示例：ManystudentsaskhowtolearnEnglishwell.Ithinkthebestwayisbyusingiteveryday.Youcanimproveyourpronunciationbyreadingaloud.Youcanlearnnewwordsbymakingflashcards.Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakes,becausewelearnfrommistakes.Also,themoreyouread,thefasteryou'llbe.YoucankeepadiaryinEnglish.Remember,practicemakesperfect.Ifyoukeeptrying,youwillbecomeagoodlearner.U5Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!1.单元话题与目标话题：节日与宾语从句（Festivalsandobjectclauseswiththat/if/whether）•掌握由that/if/whether引导的宾语从句。•继续巩固感叹句。•了解中外节日文化及相关表达。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文lantern灯笼stranger陌生人relative亲属；亲戚puton增加（体重）；穿上pound磅（重量单位）steal偷；窃取lay放置；产（卵）layout摆开；布置dessert（饭后）甜点；甜食garden花园；园子tradition传统admire欣赏；仰慕treat招待；请客；款待tie捆；束haunted有鬼魂出没的ghost鬼；鬼魂trick花招；把戏；戏弄spider蜘蛛Christmas圣诞节lie存在；平躺；处于novel（长篇）小说eve前夕；前夜dead死的；失去生命的business生意；商业punish处罚；惩罚warn警告；告诫endup最终成为；最后处于present现在；礼物；当前的warmth温暖；暖和spread传播；展开3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文theWaterFestival泼水节theDragonBoatFestival端午节theChineseSpringFestival春节theLanternFestival元宵节puton增加（体重）；穿上besimilarto与……相似washaway冲走；洗掉layout摆开；布置share...with与……分享asaresult结果trickortreat不给糖就捣蛋dressupas装扮成hauntedhouse鬼屋themeaningof……的意思careabout关心；在意wakeup醒来endup最终处于notonly...butalso不但……而且……4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious.我觉得月饼很好吃。IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.我知道泼水节真的很有趣。Iwonderifthey'llhavetheracesagainnextyear.我想知道明年是否还会有赛龙舟。Howdeliciousthefoodis!食物多美味啊！Whatfunthefestivalis!这个节日多有趣啊！IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonth.我相信四月是最热的月份。Billthinksthattheracesarenotasinterestingas...比尔认为比赛不如……有趣。Whatdoyoulikebestabout...?关于……你最喜欢什么？Thebooktellsusthatweshouldcareaboutothers.这本书告诉我们应当关心他人。Peoplecelebrateitbyeatingmooncakes.人们吃月饼来庆祝它。5.语法聚焦：宾语从句（一）：that/if/whether引导一、宾语从句的概念在复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。由'主句+连接词+陈述语序的从句'构成。

连接词：that（无意义，可省）；if/whether（是否）。二、that引导的宾语从句当从句为陈述句时用that连接，that常可省略。

例：Ithink(that)heisright./Shesays(that)shelikesmusic.注意主句为Ithink时，否定常前移：Idon'tthinkheisright.三、if/whether引导的宾语从句当从句为一般疑问句意义（是否）时用if或whether。

例：Iwonderif/whetherhewillcome.区别：whether可与ornot连用、可接不定式（whethertodo），if一般不能。四、语序与时态①语序：宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。

例：Couldyoutellmewherethebankis?（不可说whereisthebank）

②时态：主现从不限；主过从过；客观真理用一般现在时。例：Hesaidhewasbusy.（主过从过）五、感叹句再巩固What+(a/an)+adj.+名词！/How+adj./adv.！例：Whatadeliciousmooncake!/Howdeliciousthemooncakeis!6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：Idon'tthinkheisnotright.正：Idon'tthinkheisright.（否定前移，从句不用not）⚠误：Iwonderifwillitraintomorrow.正：Iwonderifitwillraintomorrow.（从句陈述语序）⚠误：Couldyoutellmewhereisthelibrary?正：Couldyoutellmewherethelibraryis?（陈述语序）⚠误：Hesaidheisastudent.正：Hesaidhewasastudent.（主过从过）⚠误：Whatdeliciousthefoodis!正：Howdeliciousthefoodis!/Whatdeliciousfood(itis)!（名词用what）⚠误：Iwanttoknowiftogo.正：Iwanttoknowwhethertogo.（whether可接todo，if一般不行）7.写作微指导写作任务：介绍一个中国传统节日（名称、时间、活动、食物、意义），80词左右。常用表达：•Myfavoritefestivalis...•Itfallson...•Peoplecelebrateitby...•Themostdeliciousfoodis...•Itshowsthatweshould...范文示例：MyfavoritefestivalistheMid-AutumnFestival.Itfallsonthe15thdayofthe8thlunarmonth.Onthatday,familiesgettogetherandhaveabigdinner.Themostdeliciousfoodismooncakes.Theyaresweetandround,likethefullmoon.Afterdinner,welookatthemoonandsharestories.Peoplecelebrateittoshowloveandreunion.Ithinkthatthefestivalisnotonlyaboutfood,butalsoaboutfamily.Ittellsusweshouldcareaboutthepeoplewelove.U6Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?1.单元话题与目标话题：礼貌问路与宾语从句（Politerequestsandobjectclauseswithwh-words）•熟练运用由wh-词引导的宾语从句（间接疑问句）。•掌握礼貌请求的多种表达。•能看懂并描述方位。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文restroom洗手间；公共厕所stamp邮票；印章postcard明信片pardon请再说一遍；原谅washroom洗手间；厕所bathroom浴室；洗手间quick快的；迅速的rush仓促；急促suggest建议；提议staff管理人员；职工grape葡萄central中心的；中央的near附近的；在近处mail邮寄；邮件east东方的；向东；东fascinating迷人的；有吸引力的convenient便利的；方便的mall商场；购物中心clerk职员；店员corner拐角；角落polite有礼貌的；客气的politely礼貌地；客气地speaker讲（某种语言）的人；发言者request要求；请求direction方向；方位correct正确的；恰当的less较少的；更少的address住址；地址；通讯处underground地下的；地铁course课程；学科Italian意大利（人）的；意大利语parking停车；停车位direct直接的；直率的3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文getto到达apairof一双；一对goalong沿着……走turnleft/right向左/右转onone'sleft/right在某人的左/右边between...and在……和……之间passby路过；经过comeon快点儿；加油holdone'shand牵着某人的手leadinto导入；引入parkinglot停车场suchas例如indifferentsituations在不同的情况下dependon取决于；依赖askforhelp寻求帮助e-mailaddress电子邮箱地址makerequests提出请求beconvenientto对……方便communicatewith与……交流alittleearlier早一点4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?你能告诉我洗手间在哪儿吗？Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?打扰一下，你知道我在哪儿能买到药吗？Couldyoutelluswhenthebandstartsplaying?你能告诉我们乐队什么时候开始表演吗？Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.我想知道我们接下来该去哪儿。Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗？Thesupermarketisbetweentheflowerstoreandthebookstore.超市在花店和书店之间。It'snotenoughtojustaskaquestioncorrectly.仅仅正确地提问是不够的。Couldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?请你说慢一点好吗？Couldyoutellmewhosebookthisis?你能告诉我这是谁的书吗？Goalongthestreetandturnleft.沿着街走然后向左转。5.语法聚焦：宾语从句（二）：wh-词引导的间接疑问句一、宾语从句的连接词（疑问意义）当宾语从句由原特殊疑问句变来时，用wh-词（what,where,when,why,how,who,whose,which）连接。

例：Idon'tknowwhathewants./PleasetellmehowIcangetthere.二、语序：必须是陈述语序无论原句是什么语序，宾语从句都要用'连接词+主语+谓语'的陈述语序。

例：Whereisthebank?→Couldyoutellmewherethebankis?（不是whereisthebank）

Whendoesitopen?→Doyouknowwhenitopens?三、时态呼应主句一般现在时，从句按需用时态；主句一般过去时，从句多用过去相关时态。

例：HeaskedwhereIlived./ShewonderedifIcouldhelp.四、礼貌请求的表达梯度由直接到委婉：①Whereisthebank?②Doyouknowwherethebankis?③Couldyou(please)tellmewherethebankis?④Iwonderifyoucouldtellme...（最礼貌）

注意礼貌还体现在用excuseme,please,could等softening词。五、方位表达ontheleft/right（在左/右）；betweenAandB；nextto；acrossfrom（在……对面）；goalong/turnleft。6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：Couldyoutellmewhereisthebank?正：Couldyoutellmewherethebankis?（陈述语序）⚠误：Idon'tknowwhatdoeshewant.正：Idon'tknowwhathewants.（从句陈述语序）⚠误：Doyouknowwhenwillthemeetingstart?正：Doyouknowwhenthemeetingwillstart?⚠误：HeaskedmewherewasIfrom.正：HeaskedmewhereIwasfrom.（主过从过+陈述语序）⚠误：Couldyoupleasetohelpme?正：Couldyoupleasehelpme?（please后原形）⚠误：Thebankisnexttheschool.正：Thebankisnexttotheschool.（nextto固定搭配）7.写作微指导写作任务：写一段'向他人礼貌问路并指路'的对话式或说明式短文，80词左右。常用表达：•Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme...?•Iwonderwhere/how...•Goalong...andturnleft/right.•It'sbetween...and...•Youcan'tmissit.范文示例：Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewherethenearesthospitalis?IwonderhowIcangetthere.Thevisitorsays,"Goalongthisstreetandturnrightatthesecondcrossing.Thehospitalisbetweenthebankandthelibrary.Youcan'tmissit."Ithankhimandsay,"Couldyouspeakalittlemoreslowly,please?"Hesmilesandrepeats.Ilearnthatitisimportanttoaskpolitelyandlistencarefullywhenweareinanewplace.U7Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.1.单元话题与目标话题：过去与现在的变化（Changes:usedtodo）•掌握usedtodo表示'过去常常（现在不）'。•能对比过去与现在的外貌、性格、爱好。•掌握相关句型与反意疑问。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文humor幽默；诙谐silent不说话的；沉默的helpful有用的；有帮助的fromtimetotime时常；有时score得分；分数background背景interview采访；面试Asian亚洲（人）的；亚洲人deal对付；对待dare敢于；胆敢private私人的；私密的guard守卫；看守require需要；要求European欧洲（人）的；欧洲人African非洲（人）的；非洲人British英国（人）的speech讲话；发言public民众；公开的ant蚂蚁seldom不常；很少influence影响absent缺席；不在fail不及格；失败；未能做到examination考试；审查boarding寄宿inperson亲身；亲自exactly确切地；精确地pride自豪；骄傲takepridein为……感到自豪proud自豪的；骄傲的general普遍的；常规的；将军introduction介绍3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文usedto过去常常beafraidof害怕beinterestedin对……感兴趣fromtimetotime时常；有时inpublic公开地；在别人（尤指生人）面前beproudof为……骄傲；感到自豪takepridein为……感到自豪inperson亲身；亲自beabsentfrom缺席failtheexam考试不及格makeadecision做决定becarelessabout对……粗心boardingschool寄宿学校lookafter照顾eventhough即使；虽然worryabout担心payattentionto注意bequiet安静getgoodgrades取得好成绩besilent沉默的4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.我过去怕黑。Didyouusetobeshort?你过去矮吗？Yes,Idid.是的。Youusedtobeshort,didn'tyou?你过去很矮，不是吗？Ididn'tusetoliketests.我过去不喜欢考试。Heusedtocausealotoftrouble.他过去常惹很多麻烦。It'sbeenthreeyearssincewelastsaw.自从我们上次见面已三年了。Hisfaceturnedredwhenhetalkedtogirls.他和女孩说话时脸会变红。Youhavechangedalot.你变了很多。I'mproudofyou.我为你感到骄傲。5.语法聚焦：usedtodo表示过去习惯一、usedto的基本用法usedto+动词原形，表示'过去常常（而现在不）了'，只用于过去。

例：Iusedtoplaytennis./Thereusedtobeatreehere.（Thereusedtobe表'过去曾有'）二、句式变化否定：didn'tusetodo（美式常用）或usednottodo；疑问：Did+主语+usetodo?（不用used）。

例：Hedidn'tusetolikemusic./Didsheusetowearglasses?注意拼写：疑问/否定中用use而非used。三、反意疑问陈述句含usedto，附加问句常用didn't+主语（或usedn't+主语）。

例：Youusedtolivehere,didn'tyou?/Heusedtobethin,usedn'the?四、usedto与beusedto的区别usedtodo（过去常常做）；beusedtodoing（习惯于做，to是介词）；beusedtodo（被用来做，被动）。

例：Iamusedtogettingupearly.（习惯于）/Woodisusedtomakepaper.（被用来）五、外貌与性格对比词汇外貌：tall/short,fat/thin,long/shorthair；性格：outgoing/quiet/shy,brave/afraid；

爱好：beinterestedin,hate,enjoy。描述变化常用butnow...转折。6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：Didheusedtoplayfootball?正：Didheusetoplayfootball?（疑问中用use）⚠误：Ididn'tusedtolikeit.正：Ididn'tusetolikeit.（否定中用use）⚠误：Heisusedtogetupearly.正：Heisusedtogettingupearly.（beusedto后接doing）⚠误：Iusetogothere.正：Iusedtogothere.（'过去常常'用usedto，不是useto）⚠误：Youusedtobetall,usenotyou?正：Youusedtobetall,didn'tyou?（常用didn'tyou）⚠误：Sheisafraidofspeakinpublic.正：Sheisafraidofspeakinginpublic.（of后接doing）7.写作微指导写作任务：以'MyChanges'为题，描写自己过去与现在在外貌、性格或爱好上的变化，80词左右。常用表达：•Iusedtobe...butnowIam...•Ididn'tusetolike...,butnowIenjoy...•Mybiggestchangeis...•Iamproudofmychange.•It'sgoodtoseemyselfgrow.范文示例：Ihavechangedalotinthepastfewyears.Iusedtobeshortandquiet.Iwasafraidofspeakinginpublic.ButnowIamtallerandmoreoutgoing.Ididn'tusetolikereading,butnowIenjoyitverymuch.MybiggestchangeisthatIusedtohateEnglish,butnowIaminterestedinitandgetgoodgrades.Ipracticespeakingeveryday.Iamproudofmychanges.Itisgoodtoseemyselfgrowandbecomeabetterperson.U8Whataretheshirtsmadeof?1.单元话题与目标话题：产品与被动语态（Productsandthepassivevoice:present&past）•掌握一般现在时与一般过去时的被动语态。•区分bemadeof/from/in/by。•能描述物品的材料、产地与制作方式。2.重点单词（英—汉）英文中文chopstick筷子coin硬币fork餐叉；叉子blouse（女式）短上衣；衬衫silver银；银色的glass玻璃cotton棉；棉花steel钢；钢铁grass草；草地leaf叶；叶子produce生产；制造；出产widely广泛地；普遍地process加工；处理pack包装；装箱fair展览会；交易会uncover发现；揭露paint用颜料画；油漆material材料；原料traffic交通；路上行驶的车辆postman邮递员cap（尤指有帽舌的）帽子glove手套international国际的competitor参赛者；竞争者its它的form形式；类型balloon气球scissors剪刀lively生气勃勃的；（色彩）鲜艳的heat热；加热；变热complete完整的；完全的Korea朝鲜；韩国Switzerland瑞士France法国brand品牌；牌子avoid避免；回避product产品；制品handbag小手提包mobile可移动的；非固定的everyday每天的；日常的boss老板；上司surface表面；表层3.重点短语（英—汉）英文中文bemadeof由……制成（看得出原料）bemadefrom由……制成（看不出原料）bemadein在……制造bemadeby被……制造（后接人/工厂）beknownfor以……闻名befamousfor因……著名beproducedin在……生产environmentalprotection环境保护begoodfor对……有益nomatter不论；无论eventhough即使inthelocalarea在当地avoiddoing避免做everydaythings日常用品high-technologyproducts高科技产品beusedby被……使用o把……变成accordingto根据sendout发出（光、热等）becoveredwith被……覆盖4.重点句型（功能意念句）英文中文Whataretheshirtsmadeof?这些衬衫是什么做的？Theyaremadeofcotton.它们是棉制的。Wherewasitmade?它是在哪里制造的？ItwasmadeinChina.它是在中国制造的。Whatisthepapercuttingmadefrom?剪纸是用什么做的？Itismadefrompaper.它是用纸做的。Thekiteismadebyhand.风筝是手工制作的。Chinaisfamousfortea.中国因茶而闻名。Nomatterwhatyoumaybuy,youmightthinkthoseproductsweremadeinChina.无论你买什么，都可能觉得那些产品是中国制造的。TheinternationalkitefestivalisheldinAprileveryyear.国际风筝节每年四月举行。5.语法聚焦：被动语态（二）：一般现在时与一般过去时一、被动语态的时态构成（复习+拓展）被动语态=be+过去分词。一般现在时：am/is/are+done；一般过去时：was/were+done；

现在完成时：have/has+been+done（U1已学was/weredone）。

例：Englishisspokenwidely./Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.二、bemadeof/from/in/by辨析bemadeof（看得出原材料，物理变化）：Thedeskismadeofwood.

bemadefrom（看不出原材料，化学变化）：Paperismadefromwood.

bemadein+产地（spatial）：madeinChina；bemadeby+制造者：madebyhand/byworkers.三、主动变被动的步骤①宾语变主语；②谓语变be+done（时态随原句）；③原主语变by短语（可省）；④其他不变。

例：Wemakecarsinthisfactory.→Carsaremade(byus)inthisfactory.四、被动语态的使用时机①动作执行者不明：Thewindowwasbroken.②强调动作承受者：ThebookwaswrittenbyLuXun.③客观叙述/说明流程：TeaisgrowninthesouthofChina.五、被动语态中的情态动词情态动词+be+done。例：Theworkmustbefinishedtoday./Treesshouldbeplanted.6.易错警示（高频考点）⚠误：Thedeskismadefromwood.正：Thedeskismadeofwood.（看得出原料用of）⚠误：Paperismadeofwood.正：Paperismadefromwood.（化学变化用from）⚠误：ThecarisproduceinGermany.正：ThecarisproducedinGermany.（被动用过去分词）⚠误：Thekiteismadewithhand.正：Thekiteismadebyhand.（'手工'用byhand）⚠误：Thebookwaswrotebyhim.正：Thebookwaswrittenbyhim.（written非wrote）⚠误：ItmadeinChina.正：ItismadeinChina.（被动须有be动词）7.写作微指导写作任务：介绍一件中国特产（如茶叶、瓷器、剪纸），说明材料、产地、制作与意义，80词左右。常用表达：•Itismadeof/from...•Itismadein...•Itisproducedby...•Chinaisfamousfor...•ItshowsChineseculture.范文示例：TeaisoneofthemostfamousChineseproducts.Itismadefromtheleavesofteaplants.Chinaisfamousforteaanditisproducedinmanyplaces,suchasFujianandZhejiang.Theleavesarepickedbyhandandthenprocessedandpacked.Teaisnotonlyadrink,butalsoapartofChineseculture.Itisgoodforourhealth.Nomatterwhereyouarefrom,youcanenjoyacupofChinesetea.ItshowsthewarmthofChinesepeople.三、语法专项突破专项一、宾语从句全解（U5–U6）一、连接词：that（陈述，可省）；if/whether（是否）；wh-词（what/where/when/how.