2025~2026学年陕西镇安中学高三下学期5月阶段检测英语试卷

2025~2026学年陕西镇安中学高三下学期5月阶段检测英语试卷一、阅读理解CastlesinSwitzerlandSpiezCastleBuiltin933bytheKingofBurgundy,RudolphII,thecastleisnotjustahistoricalmonument,butalsoalivelyculturalcenter.Thegardensarenowopentothepublicandthecastleroomsareusedforavarietyofevents,includingconferences,concerts,andexhibitions.Address:Schlosstrasse16,SpiezOpeninghours:Monday,14:00-17:00;Tuesday-Sunday,10:00-17:00Admission:Free(0-5);CHF5.00(6-16);CHF12.00(Adults)HüneggCastleBuiltbetween1861and1863,thecastleishometotheRenaissanceRevivalandArtNouveauMuseum.Thecastleoffersvisitorsauniqueopportunitytostepbackintimeandseehistorycometolife.Address:Staatstrasse52,HilterfingenOpeninghours:Mondayclosed;Tuesday-Saturday,14:00-17:00;Sunday,11:00-17:00Admission:Free(0-5);CHF5.00(6-16);CHF10.00(Adults)OberhofenCastleThecastlewasbuiltintheearly1200s.Itoffersauniquewindowintothebuildingstylesandlivingconditionsofthepast.In1952,itbecameapartoftheHistoricalMuseumofBern,andabranchwasopenedinthecastletwoyearslater.Address:Schloss4,OberhofenamThunerseeOpeninghours:Mondayclosed;Tuesday-Sunday,11:00-17:00Admission:Free(0-5);CHF6.00(6-16);CHF14.00(Adults)ThunCastleThecastledatesbacktothe12thcentury.AsaSwissheritagesiteofnationalsignificance,itoffersvisitorsauniqueopportunitytoexploreandunderstandtherichhistoryofSwitzerland.Address:Schlossberg1,ThunOpeninghours:Daily,10:00-17:30Admission:Free(0-5);CHF3.00(6-16);CHF10.00(Adults)1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatSpiezCastle?

A．Attendconcerts.B．Seelivingconditions.C．Exploreamuseum.D．Studybuildingstyles.2.HowmuchshouldacouplepaytovisitHüneggCastle?

A．CHF10.B．CHF14.C．CHF20.D．CHF24.3.Whichcastleopenseverydayallyearround?

A．SpiezCastle.B．HüneggCastle.C．OberhofenCastle.D．ThunCastle.WhenKarynaKovalevska,an18-year-oldfromUkraine,firstvisitedChinain2019aspartofaConfuciusInstitutesummerexchangeprogram,sheneverimaginedthecountrywouldonedaybecomehersecondhome.TheprogrambeganinAnhuiprovince,wheresheeagerlytookonthechallengeoflearninganentirelynewlanguage.Chinesewasn’teasy—butitwasexciting.“It’ssodifferentfromUkrainianorRussian,”shesaid.“Itfeltlikesteppingintoawholenewworld.”Kovalevskawasamazedbythekindnessandgenerositysheencountered,eventhoughshewasacompletestranger.Threeyearslater,shekeptthatpromiseandreturned.NowshelivesinYuncheng,Shanxiprovince,withherChinesehusband,andshehasbegundocumentinghereverydayexperiencesthroughshortvideos.Hercheerfulclips—whethertastingShanxi’ssignaturedishes,joiningvillagersforsquaredancing,exploringtraditionalcrafts,ortryingoutnewtechnologies—haveattractedthousandsoffollowersbothinChinaandoverseas.ForKovalevska,contentcreationislessaboutgainingattentionandmoreaboutsincerity.“IjustwanttoshowthereallifeIseeeveryday,”shesaid.“Somepeopleabroadstillhavestereotypes(刻板看法)aboutChina,buttheChinaIknowisopen,safe,andfullofkindness.”Hervideosareintentionallysimple,withnoscripts,capturinggenuinemoments.“Idon’tactorstageanything,sheexplained.IwantpeopletoseehowanordinaryforeignerlivesinChina.”AfterlivinginChinaformorethanthreeyears,Kovalevskasaysshehasdevelopedadeepsenseofbelonging.“Chinaismysecondhome—thehappiestplaceI’veeverlived,”shesaid.“I’mconstantlytouchedbythewarmth,friendliness,andwillingnessofpeopleheretohelponeanother.”SheisalsofascinatedbyChina’srapidtechnologicalprogress,havingseenself-drivingcars,robotdogs,andthecountry’sfirstcommercialsuspendedmonoraillineinWuhan,Hubeiprovince.“Thecountryisadvancingsoquickly,”shesaid.“ItrulybelieveChinarepresentsthefuture.”4.WhydidKarynacometoChinain2019?

A．Tostartashortvideocareer.B．Tojoinasummerculturaltour.C．TofindherChinesehusband.D．Tostudylocaltraditionalcrafts.5.WhatcanwelearnfromKarynaKovalevska’swordsaboutforeignviewsonChina?

A．TheypraiseChina’spublicsafetygreatly.B．TheyexpecttoliveinChinapersonally.C．TheymisunderstandChina’srealdailylife.D．TheyknowChinainanall-roundway.6.WhatmakesKovalevskafeelcloselyconnectedwithChina?

A．Itskindinterpersonalrelations.B．Itspleasantnaturalsurroundings.C．Itsconvenientpublictransport.D．Itsamazingmoderntechnologies.7.WhatdoesKarynaKovalevska’sexperiencetellus?

A．Onlylocaltraditionsattractglobalfollowers.B．TrueChinashineswithwarmthandhope.C．Cross-culturalmarriagescreatehappylives.D．Languagestudybringslifelongfriendships.Tenyearsago,scientistsidentifiedasmallgroupofindividualswhofeelnopleasurefrommusiceventhoughtheirhearingisnormalandtheyenjoyothertypesofexperiences.Thiscondition,called“specificmusicalanhedonia(快感缺乏症),”occurswhenthebrain’sauditory(听觉的)regionsfailtoproperlycommunicatewiththeareasinvolvedinreward.InapaperrecentlypublishedinthejournalTrendsinCognitiveSciences,theresearcherswhofirstdescribedtheconditionoutlinethebrainprocessesinvolvedandexplainhowthisworkmayhelpuncoverbroaderdifferencesinhowpeopleexperiencepleasureandjoy.Toidentifythiscondition,theteamdevelopedtheBarcelonaMusicRewardQuestionnaire(BMRQ),whichassessesresponsestofivemusicalrewardsources:emotionalimpact,moodregulation,socialinteraction,movement/dance,andenjoymentofseekingnewmusic.Thosewithmusicalanhedoniascorelowacrossallfiveareas.Behavioralresearchandbrainimagingconfirmthattheirauditorycircuitsworknormally—theycanhearandinterpretmusic—buttherewardcircuitshowsreducedactivitywhenexposedtomusic.Thiscleardifferencemakesthespecialdiseaseeasytotellfromcommonhearingproblems.Notably,thiscircuitrespondsnormallytootherrewardslikewinningmoney,provingtherewardsystemitselffunctionswell.Thecoreissueliesinthedisruptionbetweentherewardcircuitandtheauditorynetwork,nottherewardcircuit’sperformance.Studiessuggestgenetics(基因)andenvironmentmaycontributetothecondition.Researchersalsoproposethatsimilarspecificanhedoniasmightexistforotherrewards,suchasfood,duetointerruptedconnectivitybetweenrelevantprocessingregionsandtherewardcircuit.Itmeanspeoplemaylackfeelingsforcertainpleasuresratherthanallpleasantthings.Theteamiscurrentlyworkingtogetherwithgeneticiststoidentifyspecificgenesthatmightbeinvolvedinspecificmusicalanhedonia.Theyalsoplantoinvestigatewhethertheconditionisastabletraitorsomethingthatchangesthroughoutlife—andwhethermusicalanhedoniaorothersimilarconditionscanbereversed.8.Howcanwedescribespecificmusicalanhedonia?

A．Lossofallpleasureexperiences.B．Trulydamagedauditorybrainregions.C．Normalhearingbutnomusicjoy.D．Reducedresponsetomusicrewards.9.WhatdoestheBMRQmainlydo?

A．Recordpeople’sdailymusichabits.B．Treatunusualbrainhearingillnesses.C．Testdifferentstylesofbeautifulmusic.D．Checkpeople’smusicpleasurereactions.10.Whichwordhastheclosestmeaningto“disruption”inparagraph3?

A．Disconnection.B．Distribution.C．Discussion.D．Disqualification.11.Whatwillresearchersstudynext?

A．Popularityofspecialmusicalabilities.B．Linksbetweengenesandbrainproblems.C．Timelimitsofdifferentbraindisorders.D．Waystospreadmusicalknowledgewidely.ResearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandtheUniversityofMichiganhavedevelopedthesmallestfullyprogrammableautonomousrobotstodate.Thesemicroscopicmachines,barelyvisiblewithoutmagnification,measureroughly200by300by50micrometers—smallerthanagrainofsalt.Theycanswimthroughliquid,sensetheirsurroundings,respondindependently,operateformonthscontinuously,andcostmerelyonepennyeachtoproduce.Poweredentirelybylight,therobotsareequippedwithmicroscopiccomputersenablingthemtofollowprogrammedpaths,detectlocaltemperaturechanges,andadjustmovementaccordingly.Unlikeprevioustinymachines,theydonotdependonwires,magnetic(磁的)fields,orexternalcontrols,makingthemthefirsttrulyautonomousandprogrammablerobotsatsuchamicroscale(微尺度).Fordecades,electronicshaveshrunksteadily,butroboticshaslaggedbehind,especiallyinachievingindependenceatsizesbelowonemillimeter—achallengethathaspuzzledthefieldfor40years.Atthemicroscopiclevel,surface-relatedforceslikedragandviscositydominate,ratherthangravityandinertiathatshapemotionateverydayscales.Conventionalroboticdesignswithsmallarmsorlegsfailhere,astheybreakeasilyandarehardtomanufacture.Toaddressthis,theresearcherscreatedanovelmovementmethod:insteadofbendingorflexing,therobotsgenerateanelectricalfieldthatpusheschargedparticlesinthesurroundingliquid,draggingwatermoleculestocreatemotion.Thisdesign,withnomovingparts,ensuresdurability,allowingtherobotstobetransferredrepeatedlywithoutdamageandswimformonthspoweredbyLEDlight.Trueautonomyalsorequiressensing,decision-makingandself-powering,allintegratedintoachipfractionsofamillimeteracross.ThiswasmadepossiblebycooperationbetweenMiskin’steamandDavidBlaauw’slabattheUniversityofMichigan,whichholdstherecordfortheworld’ssmallestcomputer.Overfiveyearsofdevelopment,theyovercamekeyobstacles.Therobotsfeatureelectronictemperaturesensorssensitivetochangesassmallas0.3degreesCelsius,enablingthemtotrackcellularactivity.12.Whatisthepowersourceofthenewlydevelopedmicroscopicrobots?

A．Lightenergy.B．Liquidpressure.C．Externalwires.D．Magneticfields.13.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheconventionalroboticdesignsformicroscalemachines?

A．Theykeeprunningforanextremelylongtime.B．Theysensetemperaturechangesaccurately.C．Theygainhigherflexibilityintheirmovements.D．Theyarequiteeasytodamageintinysizes.14.WhyisthecollaborationbetweenMiskin’steamandDavidBlaauw’slabsignificant?

A．Itimprovedproductionskillsofsmallrobotpartsgreatly.B．ItcreatednewLEDlightstoprovidepowerfortinyrobots.C．Itallowedkeyautonomousfunctionsonasupersmallchip.D．Itprovedelectronicsfailtomatchroboticsinsizereduction.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．TheDevelopmentHistoryofTinyMicroscopicRobotsB．MajorIssuesRelatedtoTiny-sizedRobotMovementC．JointResearchCooperationofFamousUniversityTeamsD．World’sTiniestFullyProgrammableAutonomousRobotsARainGardenThemonsoons(季风)canturnyourbackyardintoagarden.Thesetipshelpyoumakethemostofthisseason.16Rainwateristhebestkindofwaterforyourplants.It’sassimpleasplacingindoorpotsontheverandaorbalcony.Youcouldalsoputoutindustrialdrumsandbarrelsundertheraintocollectenoughwaterforyourgarden.17Ifyouhavethespace,considercreatingyourownraingarden.Raingardenscollectrun-offwaterfrompavedsurfaces,thussavingyoutheadditionaleffortofwateringyourplants.Don’tdriveawayslimypests.Therainsalsobringwiththemaslewofvisitors,suchastoads,snailsandants.18Beforeyouusepesticideinyourgarden,keepthisinmind:Manyofthesepestsareharmlessandwilldoyourgreenspacealotofgood.Forinstance,snailsinacompostpitcanspeeduptheprocessofturningbiodegradablewasteintofertilizer.Ifyoumustridyourgardenofthem,gothechemical-freeway.Preventsoilerosion(侵蚀).19Itisvitalforplantgrowth.Keepsoilerosionincheckbyplacingpebblesonthesurface.Worriedabouttheflowerbedsonyourveranda?Propergroundcoverwillholdthesoilin.Fixasmanysmallplantsaspossible.Thiswillnotpreventerosionofthetopsoillayerentirely,butitwillreduceittosomeextent.Weeditout.Weedstypicallycropupafteraheavyrainfall,androbyourgardenofthenutrientsrequiredtokeepitflourishing.Youcangetridofthemnaturallybypullingthemoutfromtheroot.Fordeep-rootedweeds,makeuseofweedingknivesandforkstoremovethem.20

A．Keepplantswellwatered.B．Makefulluseofseasonalrainwater.C．Valuabletopsoilcanbewashedawaybyheavyrain.D．Thissimplemethodhelpssavespaceefficientlyforlateruse.E．Ignoringweedsfortoolongcanleadtopoorgrowthofyourdesiredplants.F．Somegardenerspreferchemicalmethodstodealwiththeseunwantedguests.G．Anothercreativewaytoutilizerainwaterisgainingpopularityamonggardeninglovers.二、完形填空Hank,atwo-year-oldcatwholovedgoingoutside,gotstuckina60-foot-talltreeforfivedayswithoutfoodorwater.Hisowner,75-year-oldDeloresBushong,21forhimeverywherebutfailed.Later,sheheardmewlingand22Hankperchedhighupaneighbour’stree.BushongthoughtHankmusthavebeen23bydogsandclimbedupwardoutoffear.Bushong24HumaneRescueAlliance(HRA)forhelp.Theyrefusedduetosafetyconcerns.ThevolunteergroupCaseyTreesalsosaidclimbingthetreewas25asthebranchesweren’tstrong.26,neighbourscametotherescue.OneletBushongusehisbackyardtocallHank.Another27acanoffishtoattractthecat.Dogownersavoidedlettingtheirpetsouttonot28Hank.Ondayfive,her29workedoutapulley(滑轮)system.BushongpreparedaboxwithHank’s30asa“partypack”.TheyloopedaropeoverabranchaboveHankandloweredthebox.Excitedly,Hankjumpedinandwas31broughtdown.Backontheground,BushongheldHanktightly.Theadventuretaughthera32aboutneighbourlykindness.“Somanypeoplewentoutoftheirwayto33,”shesaid.“ItgavemeconfidencethatIliveinsucha34neighbourhood.”Backhome,Hanknowstayssafelyinthebackyard,nolongereagerto35onriskyadventures.21.A．searchedB．calledC．followedD．accused22.A．imaginedB．caughtC．spottedD．guessed23.A．attractedB．limitedC．abandonedD．scared24.A．bannedB．askedC．invitedD．ordered25.A．dangerousB．easyC．necessaryD．practical26.A．AmusinglyB．StrangelyC．LuckilyD．Gradually27.A．hidB．soldC．boughtD．cancelled28.A．missB．panicC．observeD．puzzle29.A．neighboursB．studentsC．relativesD．colleagues30.A．schedulesB．performancesC．operationsD．favourites31.A．curiouslyB．safelyC．secretlyD．quietly32.A．lessonB．storyC．skillD．trick33.A．analyseB．teaseC．submitD．assist34.A．cold-bloodedB．good-temperedC．close-connectedD．long-sighted35.A．setoffB．putoutC．giveupD．turndown三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dujiangyanirrigation(灌溉)systemwasconstructedinaround256BCEbytheStateofQin.Asanirrigationandfloodcontrolsystem,Dujiangyan36(be)aremarkableexampleofancientengineeringskillstillinusetoday.DuringtheWarringStatesperiod,people37(live)alongthebanksoftheMinRiverweretroubledbyannualflooding.QinirrigationengineerLiBinginvestigatedtheproblem38(thorough).Heledateamtoconstructalevee(堤坝)toredirectaportionoftheriver’sflow.ThentheycutachannelthroughMountYuleitoreleasetheexcesswater.Afterthesystem39(complete),nomorefloodsoccurred.What’smore,itmadeSichuanoneofthemostproductiveagricultural40(region)inChina.IfyouvisitDujiangyan,youwillseeanunusualconstruction41lookslikeafish’smouth.Thisfamousattraction,Yuzui,togetherwithtwootherimportantparts,namely,FeishayanandBaopingkou,wasscientificallydesigned42(control)thewaterflowthroughouttheyear.43(recognize)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,Dujiangyanhasprotectedlocalareasfromfloodsandwateredfarmlandforover2,000years.Currently,theconservationconditionofthispropertyisexcellent.DuringtheSichuanearthquake44May12th,2008,DujiangyanIrrigationSystemwasbasicallyundamagedandstable.Itsirrigationsystemiskeptthroughregular45strictprotection.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，你校将于下个月举办“科技赋能文化”（TechnologyEmpoweringCulture）校园艺术节。请你代表学生会给外教Mr.Smith写一封邮件，邀请他担任活动的评委。内容包括：1.活动时间和地点；2.活动内容（如AI绘画展、传统戏曲数字化表演等）；3.期待他的参与。注意：1.写作词数应为100个左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMr.Smith,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Danielranallthewayhome.Hecouldnotwaittoplayhisguitar.Amomentlater,ascreamwasheardfromDaniel’sroom.Heracedtothekitchenwherehismotherwas.Daniel’smotherwasinshockwhenshesawthebadlydamagedguitar.Ascratch(刮痕)randownthebodyofhisguitar.Hisplectrum(琴拨)hadbeenthrownintothesoundhole,causingarattlingsoundwhenevertheguitarwasmoved.Threeofthestringshadbeencutandthelooseendswerecurledupwards.Danielwasalmostintears.Hehadsavedhisallowanceforhalfayearbeforehewasabletoaffordtheguitarandhehadalwayskeptitingoodcondition.Justthen,Daniel’syoungersister,Marie,walkedintothekitch