2025年北京市12月学业水平测试高二年级英语试卷

2025年北京市12月学业水平测试高二年级英语试卷一、完形填空IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehomefromworkattwoo’clockoneafternoon.Imaginemy1whenIheardmydaughterMeganandherfriendJoannlaughinginthehousesinceitwastherighttimeforclass.Theyfinally2thattheycamehomeforlunchandneverreturnedtoschool.Buttheysaidtheyhadforgottentolookattheclock.ItoldJoanntogohomebecauseIneededtospeaktoMegan3.WhenJoannleft,I4myselfandmanagedtoaskMeganveryquietly,“Youforgottolookattheclock?”Meganloweredherheadandsaid,“Well,wewerejustexperimentingtoseewhatitwouldfeellikenottogobacktoschool.”ForthemomentIwasgettingangry.Iconsidered5her,butinsteadIsaid,“I’mveryupsetbyallthis.Whenyou’resupposedtobeinschool,that’s6Iexpectyoutobe.NowI’mprobablygoingtogetaphonecallfromyourteacher.”Megansaid,“Writemeanabsencenote,sayIwassickandthenyouwon’tgetacall.”Isaid,“Megan，thenotehastocomefromyouandithastobethe7.”Well,shewasn’tvery8aboutthat,butshedidwriteanotesayingshewasjust“experimenting”andthatshewouldn’tdoitagain.Althoughtheteachergavehera9timeoverthenote,IstillfeltIdidtherightthing.IknewIhadhelpedMeganfaceuptowhatshedidandtake10.1.A．joyB．shockC．reliefD．shame2.A．believedB．realizedC．admittedD．predicted3.A．privatelyB．carefullyC．equallyD．normally4.A．encouragedB．blamedC．warnedD．controlled5.A．comfortingB．punishingC．changingD．annoying6.A．whenB．whyC．whereD．how7.A．truthB．planC．adviceD．wish8.A．surprisedB．worriedC．scaredD．pleased9.A．hardB．luckyC．boringD．free10.A．opportunitiesB．responsibilitiesC．suggestionsD．advantages二、语法填空阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Sallynervouslystartedherfirstdayofanewschool.Intheafternoon,shehadmathsclass,alwaysadifficultoneforher.Butshe11(find)theteachersandclassmatesfriendlyandhelpful.Inchemistryclass,however,theguynexttoher,12talkedtoherthewholetime,gotherabitannoyed.Attheendoftheday,Sallybecame13(confident)thaninthemorningandbelievedtheremustbearichexperienceintheschool.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InAmerica,highschoolgradesareusedtodecide14astudentisadmittedintoanacademicprogramornot.However,ascientificsurveyshowsthatnearly75%ofstudentsuccessisdecidedbyotherfactors,often15(describe)as21st-centuryskills.Theimportantthingsthatleadtosuccessaregoodstudyhabitsandstressmanagement.Inotherwords,thestudent’sability16(deal)withchallengesofthepost-secondaryworldwillshapetheirfuture.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Recently,avideoofcollegestudentsinmilitarystylecottoncoatstoclass17(trend)onsocialmediaplatforms.Withthepriceofdownjacketsincreasing,cottoncoatshavemadeamajorcomebackthiswinterandstormedquiteafewcollege18(campus)inNorthernChina.Onecanbuytencottoncoats19thepriceofonedownjacket.Actually,acoupleofpeople20(wear)thecoatsmightbelaughedat,butwhenagrouppicksthemup,it’sthelatestfashion.三、阅读理解ImmersiveVanGoghFromthecreatorsoftheblockbustershowinParisseenbyovertwomillionvisitorsandstillwowingcrowdsinToronto,thewestcoastpremiere(首场)oftheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitwillbringtheartofVincenttolifeinLosAngeles.Immersiveartisnotjustatechnicalwaytorepresentvideoandaudioinhugespaces.Thewordimmersiveindicatesadeepcommitmentofintentionswhichconnectimagesandsoundsinawaythattheaudienceisabletoexperienceadifferentwayoftheart.Truetoitsname,thisexhibitiontransformstheiconic(偶像的)paintingsofVincentvanGoghintomoving,wall-fillingprojections.“ImmersiveVanGogh”promiseshalf-a-millioncubicfeetofprojectionsthatpullfromsomeofthepost-impressionist’smostrecognizablepieces,includingTheBedroom,Sunflowersand,yes,TheStarryNight.Youwillexperienceartlikeneverbefore—loseyourselfinentrancing,movingimagesthathighlightbrushstrokes,detail,andcolor—trulyilluminating(照亮)themindofthegenius.LOCATIONTheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitislocatedatasecretplacesituatedintheheartofLosAngeles.Tobeannouncedbeforetheexhibitopens,existingticketholderswillreceiveanemailwiththeplacenameandlocationonceitismadepublic.TICKETPRICES

VIPTICKETS—$99.99

●Priorityaccess

●VanGoghcushion(agiftforyou)

●LimitededitionposterPREMIUMTICKETS—$59.99

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●LimitededitionposterBASICTICKETS—$54.99

●AdmissiononlyCHILDTICKETS—$29.99

●Ages6—16(children5andunderdonotrequireaticket)

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●ChildticketsarenotsubjecttochangeofdatefeesTicketsareavailableonlineat.GIFTSHOPStopbyourExhibitGiftShoptotakethemagicofVanGoghhomewithyou!Fromclothingandjewelrytohomedécor,children’sbooks,andsomuchmore,youwillfinduniqueandthoughtfulsouvenirsattheImmersiveVanGoghExhibit.Alsobesuretocheckoutatouronlinestore!ExperiencetheorganiclandscapesofVanGogh’simagination,andjourneythroughhisbrillianceandmadnessinacompletelynewandunforgettableway.21.Accordingtothepassage,theImmersiveVanGoghExhibit________.

A．presentsVanGogh’sartinamodernwayB．beginsajourneytoVanGogh’shometownC．displaysVanGogh’spaintingsonmovingwallsD．designsprojectsonVanGogh’slearningexperience22.Fromwherecanpeoplefindinformationabouttheexactlocationoftheexhibit?

A．Anemail.B．Awebsite.C．Theticketoffice.D．Thegiftshop.23.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldchildwhowouldliketoownaVanGoghcushionatleastpayforthevisit?

A．$109.98.B．$154.98.C．$159.98.D．$199.98.Researchersfoundthattheycouldaccuratelypredicthowclosetwopeoplewerebasedonlyontheirbrainactivityinresponsetoaseriesofunfamiliarvideoclips.Simplyput:Youandyourbestfriendsreallydothinkalike.AccordingtoaDartmouthstudyfinding,friendshavesimilarneural(神经的)responsestoreal-worldstimuli(刺激)andthesesimilaritiescanbeusedtopredictwhoyourfriendsare.Thestudyrevealsthatfriendshavethemostsimilarneuralactivitypatterns,followedbyfriends-of-friendswho,inturn,havemoresimilarneuralactivitythanpeoplethreedegreesremoved(friends-of-friends-of-friends).PublishedinNatureCommunications,thestudyisthefirstofitskindtoexaminetheconnectionsbetweentheneuralreactionofpeoplewithinareal-worldsocialnetwork.“Neuralresponsestodynamic,naturalisticstimuli,likevideos,cangiveusawindowintopeople’sunlimited,unplannedthoughtprocessesastheyunfold.Ourresultssuggestthatfriendsprocesstheworldaroundtheminexceptionallysimilarways,”saysleadauthorCarolynParkinson.Thestudyanalyzedthefriendshipsorsocialtieswithinagroupof280graduatestudents.Theresearchersestimatedthesocialdistancebetweenpairsofindividualsbasedonmutually(相互地)reportedsocialties.Forty-twoofthestudentswereaskedtowatcharangeofvideoswhiletheirneuralactivitywasrecordedinafunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)scanner.Thevideoscoveredarangeoftopicsandgenres,includingpolitics,science,comedyandmusicvideos,forwhicharangeofresponseswasexpected.Eachparticipantwatchedthesamevideosinthesameorder,withthesameinstructions.Theresearchersthencomparedtheneuralresponsespairwiseacrossthesetofstudentstodetermineifpairsofstudentswhowerefriendshadmoresimilarbrainactivitythanpairsfurtherremovedfromeachotherintheirsocialnetwork.Thefindingsrevealedthatneuralresponsesimilaritywasstrongestamongfriends,andthispatternappearedacrossbrainregionsinvolvedinemotionalrespondingandhigh-levelreasoning.Evenwhentheresearcherscontrolledvariables,includingleft-handednessorright-handedness,age,gender,race,andnationality,theanalogyinneuralactivityamongfriendswasstillevident.TheteamalsofoundthatfMRIresponsesimilaritiescouldbeusedtopredictnotonlyifapairwerefriendsbutalsothesocialdistancebetweenthetwo.24.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudymentionedinthetext?

A．Itisoriginalandcheckspeople’sneuralresponses.B．Ithasyettowinrecognitionfromtheacademicworld.C．Itinvolvedmorethan200studentswatchingvariousvideos.D．Itrequiredaprofessionaldevicetoanalyzeparticipants’conversation.25.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A．Thedesignofthestudy.B．Theprocessofthestudy.C．Thefindingsofthestudy.D．Theinnovationofthestudy.26.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefindingsofthestudy?

A．Skeptical.B．Supportive.C．Indifferent.D．Neutral.27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．NeuralResponsesShapeSocialBondsB．HowVideosConnectPeople’sMindsC．TheScienceBehindSocialNetworks.D．FriendshipSeenThroughNeuralPatterns.Precognitivedreamsaredreamsthatseeminglypredictthefuturewhichcannotbeinferredfromactuallyavailableinformation.FormerUSPresidentAbrahamLincolnoncerevealedthefrighteningdreamtohislawpartnerandfriendWardHillLamon,“…ThenIheardpeopleweep…‘WhoisdeadintheWhiteHouse?’Idemanded.‘ThePresident,’‘hewaskilled!’…”Thekillingdidhappenlater.ChristopherFrench,ProfessorintheDepartmentofPsychologyatGoldsmiths,statedthemostlikelyexplanationforsuchaphenomenonwascoincidence(巧合).“Inadditiontopurecoincidenceswemustalsoconsidertheunreliabilityofmemory”,headded.Askedwhatcriteriawouldhavetobemetforhimtoacceptthatprecognitivedreamswereareality,hesaid,“Theprimaryproblemwithtestsoftheclaimisthatthesubjectsareunabletotellwhentheevent(s)they’vedreamedaboutwillhappen.”However,someclaimedtomakesuchtestspracticable.ProfessorCarolineWattattheUniversityofEdinburgh,hasconductedstudiesintoprecognitivedreaming.Shestatedthatknowingfuturethroughdreamschallengedthebasicassumptionofscience—causality(relationshipofcauseandeffect).DickBierman,aretiredphysicistandpsychologist,whohasworkedattheUniversitiesofAmsterdam,UtrechtandGroningen,hasputforwardatheorythatmayexplainprecognitivedreams.Itisbasedonthefactthatwhenscientistsusecertainmathematicaldescriptionstotalkaboutthingslikeelectromagnetism(电磁学),thesedescriptionsfavourthebeliefthattimeonlymovesinonedirection.However,inpracticethewavethatisrunningbackwardsintimedoesexist.Thisconceptiscalledthetimesymmetry,meaningthatthelawsofphysicslookthesamewhentimerunsforwardorbackward.Buthebelievesthattimesymmetrybreaksdownduetoexternalconditions.“Thekeyofthetheoryisthatitassumesthatthereisaspecialcontextthatrestoresthebrokentime-symmetry,ifthewavesrunningbackwardsare‘absorbed’byaconsistentmulti-particle(多粒子)system.Thebrainunderadreamstatemaybesuchasystemwherebrokentime-symmetryispartiallyrestored.Thisisstillnotafullexplanationforprecognitivedreamsbutitshowswherephysicsmightbeadjustedtoaccommodatethephenomenon,”heexplains.AlthoughBierman’sexplanationisstillbasedonguessesandhasnotacceptedbymainstreamscience,Wattdoesthinkitisworthconsidering.Fornow,believingthatit’spossibletopredictfuturewithdreamsremainsanactoffaith.Yet,it’spossiblethatonedaywe’llwakeuptoatrueunderstandingofthisfascinatingphenomenon.28.AccordingtoFrench,whatmakesitdifficulttotestprecognitivedreams?

A．Unavailabilityofpeople’sdreams.B．Thatcoincidenceshappenalotinreality.C．Thatcriteriafordreamreliabilityarenottrustworthy.D．People’sinabilitytotellwhendreamteventswillhappen.29.Believersinprecognitivedreamsmayquestionthetruthof______.

A．theassumptionofcausalityB．thetimesymmetryC．memoriesofordinarypeopleD．modernscientifictests30.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.

A．LincolnwaswarnedofthekillingbyhisfriendB．WattcarriedoutseveralexperimentsoncausalityC．researchesonelectromagnetismarebasedonthetimesymmetryD．time’smovingintwodirectionsmayjustifyprecognitivedreamsTheUSscientistswhocreatedthefirstlivingrobotssaythelifeforms,knownasxenobots,cannowreproduce—andinawaynotseeninplantsandanimals.XenobotsareformedfromthestemcellsoftheAfricanclawedfrog(Xenopuslaevis),fromwhichittakesitsname.“Frogshaveawayofreproducingthattheynormallyuse,butwhenyouliberatethestemcellsfromtheembryo(胚胎)andyougivethemachancetofigureouthowtobeinanewenvironment,notonlydotheyfigureoutanewwaytomove,buttheyalsofigureoutapparentlyanewwaytoreproduce,”saidMichaelLevin,aprofessorofbiologyatTuftsUniversity,whowasco-leadauthorofthenewresearch.Stemcellsareunspecializedcellsthathavetheabilitytodevelopintodifferentcelltypes.Tomakethexenobots,theresearchersremovedlivingstemcellsfromfrogembryosandleftthemtodevelop.“Mostpeoplethinkofrobotsasbeingmadeofmetal,butit’snotsomuchwhatarobotismadefrombutwhatitdoes,whichisactonitsownonbehalfofpeople,”saidJoshBongard,acomputerscienceprofessorandroboticsexpertattheUniversityofVermontandleadauthorofthestudy.“Inthatway,it’sarobot,butit’salsoclearlyanorganismmadefromfrogcells.”Theresearchersfoundthatthexenobotscouldreplicate(自我复制).Butithappenedrarelyandonlyinspecificcircumstances.Thexenobotsused“kineticreplication”—aprocessthatisknowntooccuratthemolecular(分子)level.Withthehelpofartificialintelligence,theresearchersthentestedbillionsofbodyshapestomakethexenobotsmoreeffectiveatthistypeofreplication.ThesupercomputercameupwithaC-shapethatlookedlikePac-Man,the1980svideogame.Theyfounditwasabletofindtinystemcells,gatherhundredsoftheminsideitsmouth,andafewdayslaterthepackofcellsbecamenewxenobots.“TheAIdidn’tprogramthesemachinesinthewayweusuallythinkaboutwritingcode.ItshapedandsculptedandcameupwiththisPac-Manshape,”Bongardsaid.“Theshapeis,inessence,theprogram.Theshapeinfluenceshowthexenobotsbehavetospeedupthisincrediblysurprisingprocess.”Thexenobotsareveryearlytechnology-thinkofa1940scomputer—anddon’tyethaveanypracticalapplications.However,thiscombinationofmolecularbiologyandartificialintelligencecouldpotentiallybeusedinmanytasksinthebodyandtheenvironment.Thismayincludethingslikecollectingmicroplasticsintheoceans,inspectingrootsystemsandregenerativemedicine.“Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindofplasticityandabilityofcellstosolveproblems,”Bongardsaid.31.AccordingtoJoshBongard,arobotshouldbedefinedintermsof______.

A．itsfunctionB．itsreliabilityC．itsappearanceD．itsmaterial32.Whatcanwelearnaboutxenobotsfromthepassage?

A．Xenobotshavecopiedstemcellsusingcomputerprograms.B．Specializedcellsplayakeyroleinthereplicationofxenobots.C．AImakesitpossibleforxenobotstoreplicatemoreeffectively.D．Theshapeofxenobotswasinspiredfromavideogameinthe1980s.33.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsfutureapplicationsofxenobots?

A．Disapproving.B．Optimistic.C．Unconcerned.D．Objective.34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．Wheredoestheunnaturalreplicationprocesslead?B．Arcxenobotsthefutureofartificialintelligence?C．TheuncertainroleofrobotreproductionD．Factorfantasy?RobotscanreproduceIfyoutextoften,youlikelyhavea“textingstyle”.Doyouoftenuseemojis?Orwhataboutusingcorrectpunctuation(标点)?Whatdoallthesetextinghabitssayaboutyou?Tohelpyouunderstandyourself,herearesometextingstylesthatcantellyoualotaboutyourpersonality.Doyoualwaysuseemojiswhenyou’retexting?You’remostlikelysomeonewhoisopentoshowingyouremotionsandistruthful.35Tomakesuretheotherpersondoesn’tgetthewrongideaaboutyourmessages,youmakesuretoexpressthetoneofmessageswithanemoji,whichcanbeoftenusedaseffectivesignalsinmodernsocialcommunication.Ifyouliketorespondinone-wordtextslikeaquick“Good”,thenyoumostlikelyhaveamorereservedpersonality,andaren’tasopenwithyourtruethoughtsandfeelings.Becauseyouarenotasopenwithyouremotionsintexts,youmaynotcarehowlengthyyourresponseis.Butbecareful.36Doyouvaluepunctuationandgrammarinyourwriting?Thisloveofgrammargoesstraightintoyourtextsaswellasyouremails.Thisseemslikeagreatthing,doesn’tit?Butintexting,peopleseemtothinkotherwise.Simplyplacingaperiodattheendofsentencesintextscanmakeyoucomeacrossasuntrustworthytoothers.37Withthistextingstyle,youarerootedinlogicandalwayspayattentiontothelittledetails.Areyourtextslengthyandthoughtful?38Similartosomeonewhotextswithperfectgrammar,youareathoughtfulanddetail-orientedperson,whoenjoysdeepconversationsandlikesthingsthatarecontrolledandstable.39Whichtextingpersonalityareyou?Areyouamixofseveraltypes?It’simportanttonotethateveryonehasdifferentwaysoftextingindifferentsituations.Everyonetextstheircolleaguesinadifferentstylefromtheirfamilyortheirfriends.Ifyoueverthinksomeonemayhaveleftyouanunclearorrudetext,it’sbettertojustaskthemin-personwhattheymeantorwhattheywerefeeling.

A．Doyourelatetoanyofthesetextingpersonalities?B．Doyouknowthatyouandyourfriendsmayhavedifferentstyles?C．Suchtextsmayalsoberatedaslesssincerethanthosethatdonot.D．Youmaybethebusytypewhodoesn’thavealotoftimetorespond.E．You’rethetypeofpersonwhounderstandstheimportanceofcontext.F．Youwantotherstoknowhowyou’refeelingwhenyou’reusingamessage.G．Ifyou’retextingsomeonewithadifferenttextpersonality,theymayviewyourtextasnegative.阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Wealllovetocriticize,butunfortunately,wealsohatebeingcriticized.Wefreelypostandcommentonothers,butfeelannoyedatthewayothersassessus,bothonlineandinperson.Theworldseemsunlikelytochangeanytimesoon.Fortunately,though,eachofuscanchangehowwegiveandtakecriticism,whichwillmakeuslesslikelytoharmothers,moreresistanttobeingangry,andbetterabletobenefitfromfeedback—evenwhenitisnegative.Criticismisdefinedasjudgmentofthemerits(优点)andfaultsofsomethingorsomeoneinwrittenorspokenform.Technically,criticismcanincludepraise,butthatisn’twhatconcernsushere.Whatannoysusiscriticismofthenegativevariety,evenwhenwell-intentioned—so-calledconstructivecriticism,whichmeanstoprovideguidancesowecanimprove.Worstofallisdestru