2025年上海上南中学高二（下）5月月考英语试题含解析

上南中学2024学年第二学期高二年级阶段性诊断练习二英语学科试卷Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Iwaseighteen,summerfading,whenmyparentsdrovemetomyuniversityapartment.Itwasmyfirstapartment.1myparentswerequietlysteppingbackfromthismomentbecameclearasIwalkedthemsolemnlybacktotheircar,noticingmymother’stear-filledeyes.Istruggledtoholdbackmyown.Suchastrongwomanwasshe2itwasraretoseesuchashowofemotion.Atthetime,Iwasrathersurprised.Being3(young)offivechildren,Ithoughtthatmyparentswereaccustomedto4(let)go.Butmaybeit’ssomethingthatnevergetsanyeasier,nomatterhowmanypracticeswingsyouget.Asmyparentsdroveoff,Irealizedthattheywouldreturntoanemptyhome,5alloftheirchildrenleavingtopursuedreamsandlivesoftheirown.Theirnest,6hadbeenfullofloveandjoyforsolong,wasnowempty.Relishing(憧憬)mynew-foundfreedom,Iconcentratedonmycollegelife.Myparentsdidtheirbesttogivemespacetolearnandgrow,7Ineglectedtocallorvisit.Itwasatimeof“firsts,”andatasteoffirst“lasts.”IhaverecentlybeenplayingTravelFrog,amobilegamethathasmeemotionally8(influence).Inthegameyougatherresources,sendyourfrogonhisadventuresandyourpayoffis,*drumrollplease*…postcards.That’sright,postcards.Ithoughtitwasasilly,overly-simplisticgameatfirst,butthenitstartedtobringbackmemoriesfromlongago.Whilethegamelacksthenarrativedetailortheinteractivityofothergames,youhavealesson9(learn)fromyouritinerant(四处奔波的)“FrogSon”.Youdonotcontrolwhenhesetsoffonhisadventures,norcanyoubesurethatyourhardworkwilllandyouacoveted(梦寐以求的)postcard.Thisgame,however,hasemotionallyaffectedmanyplayers.They10(remind)oftheirparentswhorestlesslyawaittheirreturnhome,theirfamiliarvoices,theirlove.Parentssacrificealargepartofthemselvesfortheirchildren.Itisasacrificethatcanonlybepaidbackwithlove.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.NotethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneedA.groundB.frictionC.loadD.collectiveE.massiveF.preservingG.attachH.illustratingI.dimensionsJ.justifyK.permanentStolenHistory:TheBattletoBringChina’sTreasuresHomeTheillegaltradeofChineseculturalartifacts(文物)hasgrownintoaworldwideissue,showinghowchallengingitistoprotecthistoricaltreasuresinourmodernage.Recentreportsrevealshockingtruths-ancientbronzetoolsfromtheShangDynastyanddelicatelymadeTangDynastypotteryfigureskeepdisappearingfromChinesemuseumsanddigsites.Manylateremergeinmajoroverseasauctionhouses,sellingformillionswhileChinastrugglestogetthemback.UNESCOestimatesmorethan10millionChineserelicsremainabroad,withfewerthan1in10everreturning—a/an11lossofculturalheritage.Someforeigncollectorstryto12keepingthesestolenitemsbysayingthey’re“safer”intheircare.Thisclaimhasnoethical13becauseitignoreshistory—countlessartifactswerestolenduringforeigninvasionsbetween1840-1949.ToChinesepeople,theserelicsaren’tjustobjects;we14our15memorytothem.Asimplejadenecklacemightrepresentafamily’shistoryacrossgenerations,whileabronzebellcouldsymbolizeancientrituals.Growing16complicatesrecoveryefforts.Foreignmuseumsoftendemandownershippapersthatwerenevermadeforitemsstolenoveracenturyago.Meanwhile,Chineseexpertscarrytheheavy17oftrackingstolengoodsthrougholdrecords,internationallaws,andtoughnegotiations.ThefighttorecovertheOldSummerPalace’szodiacanimalstatues(十二生肖兽首雕像)took12yearsandinvolvedthreegovernments,perfectly18thesechallenges.Thisissuehasmultiple19—it’saboutlaw,history,andnationalpride.Whilerecentsuccesseslikethe2019returnofastoleneighth-centuryBuddhistmural(佛教壁画)bringhope,muchworkremains.Globalcooperationandstricterarttraderulesareessential.Protectingculturalheritageisn’tjustChina’sresponsibility—it’sabout20humanity’ssharedstoryforgenerationstocome.Directions:ForeachB,CandD.FillineacThegrowingvolumeofhouseholdwastebasbecomeapressingcrisisinmoderncities.Shanghai,asoneoftheworld’smostpopulousmetropolises,facesparticularchallengesinmanagingthe30,000tonsofdomestictrash 21daily.However,throughsystematicclassificationandinnovativesolutions,thecityisgraduallybuildinga/an22modelforsustainablewastemanagement.Theprocessbeginswithresidentssortingwasteintofour23:recyclables,hazardouswaste,wetwaste(kitchenscraps),anddrywaste.Thiscrucialstep,24implementedin2019,requirescitizenstodevelopnewhabits.Ms.Li,acommunityvolunteer,explains,“Atfirst,manyfoundtherules25,butnowover90%ofhouseholdsinourneighborhood26separatetheirtrashcorrectly.”Aftercollection,specializedtruckstransportdifferentcategoriestocorrespondingfacilities.Wetwasteundergoes27treatmenttoproducebiogasforelectricitygeneration,28drywasteiseitherincineratedforenergyrecoveryorsenttolandfills.AdvancedtechnologieslikeAI-poweredsortingrobotsandwaste-to-energyplantshavesignificantly29recyclingefficiency.Theenvironmentalimpactisremarkable.Properclassificationreduceslandfillusageby30%anddecreasesgreenhousegasemissionsby45%.30,recycledmaterialssuchasplasticsandpaperconservenaturalresources.“Ourgoalistoachievezerowaste-to-landfillby2035,”saysamunicipalofficial.“Thisdemandsbothtechnological31andcontinuouspublicparticipation.”Studentsplayavitalroleinthiscampaign.Manyschoolshaveestablished“greenclubs”topromoteenvironmentalawareness.ZhangWei,ahighschoolstudent,shareshisexperience:"Weorganizecampusworkshopsanddesignappsto32recyclingknowledge.Smalldailyactions—likeusingreusablebags—collectivelymakeahuge33.”Whilechallengesremain,Shanghai’sprogressdemonstratesthaturbanwastemanagementcanbetransformedthrough34efforts.Asthecitycontinuestorefineitsstrategies,itsetsan35exampleforsustainabledevelopmentworldwide.21.A.consumedB.generatedC.importedD.recycled22.A.temporaryB.flexibleC.efficientD.effective23.A.categoriesB.zonesC.levelsD.means24.A.temporarilyB.approximatelyC.accidentallyD.initially25.A.straightforwardB.sentimentalC.confusingD.outdated26.A.reluctantlyB.consistentlyC.occasionallyD.partially27.A.chemicalB.mechanicalC.experimentalD.biological28.A.whileB.unlessC.becauseD.although29.A.boostedB.measuredC.restrictedD.revealed30.A.NeverthelessB.ConsequentlyC.MeanwhileD.Similarly31A.innovationsB.regulationsC.investmentsD.traditions.32.A.simplifyB.spreadC.debateD.justify33.A.predictionB.compromiseC.differenceD.profit34.A.individualB.isolatedC.commercialD.delayed35.A.inspiringB.fancyC.relievingD.strikingDirections:Readthefollowingonepassage.ThtheonethatfitsbestaccordingtoFromtheessentialmuseumstotickoffyourlisttocoolartspacesyouneverknewexisted,here’stheessentialguidetoSingapore’sartgalleries.Singapore’sculturesceneiswildlyunderrated,moresothanmostwouldthink.Thisisespeciallysinceitishometosomeofthebestmuseumsandgalleriesintheregion.ThisOctober,getoutofyourcomfortzoneandfillyourfreetimegettingreacquaintedwithSingapore’sartandculturescene.TheOnesYouCan’tMissNationalGallerySingaporeFormerlytheSupremeCourtandCityHallthisgiantofanartmuseum—it’sthelargestofitskindin,Singapore—focusesonSoutheastAsianartfromthe19thcenturyupuntiltoday.Andwithseveralkid-friendlyexhibitsandinstallations,thelittleoneshavelotstocheckout,too.Roundoffthedaybyhavingacocktailatthemuseum’srooftopbarSmoke&Mirrors,whichoverlookstheSingaporeskyline.NationalMuseumofSingaporePreviouslyknownasSingaporeHistoryMuseum,theNationalMuseumofSingaporeisthelargestlocalmuseum.Itcomprisestwomaingalleries:theSingaporeHistoryGallery,whichtracesthehistoryofSingaporefromitsbeginningsinthe14thcenturytothepresentday,andtheSingaporeLivingGalleries,whichfocusonfourthemes:food,fashion,filmandphotography.Checkoutthemuseum’spermanentexhibition,StoryoftheForest,andexperiencethetreasuredcollectionoftheNationalMuseumbroughttolifethroughaspectaculardigitalpresentation.ArtScienceMuseumFusingartandscience,the21galleryspacesherehavehostedsomeofthemostfamousexhibitionsintheworld.We’retalkingaboutthosethatfeaturethesets,costumesandpropsfromblockbusterfilmssuchasTitanicandtheHarryPotterfranchise.Itspermanentexhibition,FutureWorld,isamind—bender:designedbyJapaneseartscollectiveteamLab,theshowtakesvisitorsonaninteractivejourneyoflights,digitalartandmagic.AsianCivilisationsMuseumTheAsianCivilisationsMuseumisthefirstintheregiontorepresentanintegratedperspectiveofpan-Asianculturesandcivilisations.Itboasts11galleriesshowcasingmorethan1,300artefactsfromthecivilisationsofChina,SouthAsiaandWestAsia.Don’tmiss#SGFASHIONNOW,themuseum’sfirstdisplayofcontemporarySingaporefashioninthecontextofAsia’sculturalheritage.36.IfMariawantsherchildrentobeexposedtotheartproducedinSoutheastAsia,they’dbettergotoA.theNationalGallerySingaporeB.theNationalMuseumofSingaporeC.theArtScienceMuseumD.theAsianCivilisationsMuseum37Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?.A.TheNationalMuseumofSingaporeboasts11galleriesshowcasingmorethan1,300artefacts.B.TheArtScienceMuseumpromotesartisticexperimentationinthemediumsofprintandpaper.C.TheNationalGallerySingaporeservesasaplatformtoshowcasetherichhistoryofChinatownareas.DTheAsianCivilisationsMuseumpresentspan-Asianculturesandcivilisationsfromvariousaspects..38.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DifferentTypesofMuseumsinSingaporeB.TheHistoryofSingapore’sMuseumsC.EssentialArtandCultureSceneinSingaporeD.TheBestMuseumstoVisitinSingaporeDirections:ReadthefWhatReallyMattersinLife?Weliveinaworldpackedwithmaterialpossessionsandareencouragedtochasethesethings. 39Sowekeeprunning.Butwhatreallymattershere?Werunafterbiggertelevisionsets,newersmartphones,andbettercars.Werunafterjobpromotionsandluxuriousholidays.Wetendtothinkthatmoremoneyinourbankaccountswilltranslateintohappierlives. 40Thereareallexamplesofthingsthatdon’tmatterintheend.Thewisedonotchaseaftermaterialisticitems.Moreclothes,smartergadgets,biggercars,andluxurioushousescanmakeourlivesmoreconvenient,butdothesethingsbringuslong-lastinghappiness?Theydon’t.Whatreallymattersinlifeishappinessitself.Happinesscomesfromhavingapurposeinlife,lovingandacceptingyourselfandothers,andmaintaininggoodhealth.41AnadultdevelopmentstudybyHarvardonthelivesofmorethan700peoplewasconductedforover75years.Theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroups—onegroupwithparticipantswhofinishedcollegeandtheotherwithparticipantsfrompoorneighborhoods.Theirpersonalandprofessionalliveswerestudied,aswellastheirhealthandrelationships.Whilemostpeoplethoughtthatmoneyandfamemadeforahappierlife,theresearchshowedsomethingdifferent.42It’snotabouthavingabigcircleoffriendsorseveralrelationships.It’sabouthavingmeaningfulrelationships.Qualityoverquantity.Theclearestmessagethatwegetfromthis75-yearstudyisthis:Goodrelationshipskeepushappierandhealthier.A.Withoutthese,youwillalwaysendupfeelingunfulfilledandunhappy.B.Asaresult,ourneedsneverseemtostopgrowing.C.Youneedtonurturetheserelationshipswiththeattention,love,andcarethattheydeserve.D.Evenworse,wetakeitallforgrantedandpostponeitforlater,whileweprioritizeourwork.E.Whileofflineandonlineshoppingcanbringusshort-termsatisfaction,itrarelymattersinthelongrun.F.Itwasgoodrelationshipsthathadamorepositiveimpactonlife.43.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ReasonsWhyThereareMirrorsinElevators(电梯)Theelevatorisamodernmiracle.It’satinyspace-ametalboxthatallowsustotravelathighspeed,oftenwitharandomgroupofstrangers.Yet,thoughridinginanelevatorisaneverydayexperience,itcanstillbeabitanxiety-provoking.It’snoaccidentthatmirrorsarefoundinmostelevators.Youmightnotrealizeit,butmirrorsareastandarddesignelementthatservesmultiplefunctionstohelpyoupsychologicallymanageyourelevatorride.Manypeoplefeelclaustrophobic(引起幽闭恐怖的)inalift.It’saconfinedspace(密闭狭小的空间)withlimitedoxygen,anditcanbechallengingtoseewhat’sgoingonoutsideastheelevatordoorscloseanditstartsmoving.Looktothemirrorifyoufeelyourheartracinginaconfinedspacelikeanelevator.Amirrorinaliftcanhelprelieveyouranxietybygivingthesensationofmorespace,makingitfeellesscrowdedornarrow,andlesseningthefeelingofconfinement.Themirrorallowsyoutoseewhatothersaredoinginthelift.Forexample,youcanseeyourfellowpassengers’facialexpressionsandwhattheirhandsaredoing.Asaresult,mirrorscandiscouragetheftorunwantedtouching.Mirrorscanalsopreventaccidents.Forexample,ifyouareinawheelchairortransportingabulkyobject.It’seasytobecomeboredinanelevator,andmirrorsareanexcellentwaytoentertainyourself.Youcanfixyourhairorcheckouttheotheroccupants.Withoutamirror,everyonewouldhavetostareatthefloor.Beingdistractedbythemirrorgivesanimpressionoflesstimebeingspentinside.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Directions:Translatethefollowings44.众所周知，中国制造的产品在国际市场上正享有越来越好的声誉。（It汉译英）45.即便人工智能正在引发各行各业的变革,我们能否抵制对其的过度依赖仍有待进一步探索。（resist汉译英）__________________________________________________46.有些父母认为替孩子做决定是理所当然的，因为他们觉得孩子的能力远远不能让他们满意。(grant,farfrom)(汉译英)______________________________________________________________________________________47.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是明启中学的学生李华，你的英国好友Jim在你们学校网站上看到了你们前往农场参与学农（farmingpracticeactivities）的照片，对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你写一封回信，信件内容需包括：1.学农活动过程和内容；2.你参加学农活动的感受。上南中学2024学年第二学期高二年级阶段性诊断练习二英语学科试卷考试时间:90分钟满分:100分Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Iwaseighteen,summerfading,whenmyparentsdrovemetomyuniversityapartment.Itwasmyfirstapartment.1myparentswerequietlysteppingbackfromthismomentbecameclearasIwalkedthemsolemnlybacktotheircar,noticingmymother’stear-filledeyes.Istruggledtoholdbackmyown.Suchastrongwomanwasshe2itwasraretoseesuchashowofemotion.Atthetime,Iwasrathersurprised.Being3(young)offivechildren,Ithoughtthatmyparentswereaccustomedto4(let)go.Butmaybeit’ssomethingthatnevergetsanyeasier,nomatterhowmanypracticeswingsyouget.Asmyparentsdroveoff,Irealizedthattheywouldreturntoanemptyhome,5alloftheirchildrenleavingtopursuedreamsandlivesoftheirown.Theirnest,6hadbeenfullofloveandjoyforsolong,wasnowempty.Relishing(憧憬)mynew-foundfreedom,Iconcentratedonmycollegelife.Myparentsdidtheirbesttogivemespacetolearnandgrow,7Ineglectedtocallorvisit.Itwasatimeof“firsts,”andatasteoffirst“lasts.”IhaverecentlybeenplayingTravelFrog,amobilegamethathasmeemotionally8(influence).Inthegameyougatherresources,sendyourfrogonhisadventuresandyourpayoffis,*drumrollplease*…postcards.That’sright,postcards.Ithoughtitwasasilly,overly-simplisticgameatfirst,butthenitstartedtobringbackmemoriesfromlongago.Whilethegamelacksthenarrativedetailortheinteractivityofothergames,youhavealesson9(learn)fromyouritinerant(四处奔波的)“FrogSon”.Youdonotcontrolwhenhesetsoffonhisadventures,norcanyoubesurethatyourhardworkwilllandyouacoveted(梦寐以求的)postcard.Thisgame,however,hasemotionallyaffectedmanyplayers.They10(remind)oftheirparentswhorestlesslyawaittheirreturnhome,theirfamiliarvoices,theirlove.Parentssacrificealargepartofthemselvesfortheirchildren.Itisasacrificethatcanonlybepaidbackwithlove.【6题详解】【答案】1.That2.that3.theyoungest4.letting5.with6.which7.evenif##eventhough8.influenced9.tolearn10.arereminded【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文作者讲述了18岁初入大学，父母送自己去公寓后离开，自己当时因享受自由而疏于与父母联系。近期玩游戏《旅行青蛙》，由此联想到父母，意识到父母为孩子牺牲很多，应该用爱回报他们。【1题详解】考查主语从句。句意：当我郑重地陪父母走回他们的车时，我清楚地意识到父母正悄然从这一刻退场，我注意到母亲满是泪水的眼睛。分析句子结构可知，“myparentswerequietlysteppingbackfromthismoment”为主语从句，该从句结构和意义完整，故用that引导，that在主语从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。故填That。【2题详解】考查固定句型。句意：她是如此坚强的一个女人，以至于很少看到她如此表露情感。such…that…为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。【3题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：作为五个孩子中最小的一个，我原以为父母已经习惯了放手。根据“offivechildren”可知，此处表示在五个孩子中进行比较，应用形容词最高级，且最高级前要加定冠词the。故填theyoungest。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为五个孩子中最小的一个，我原以为父母已经习惯了放手。beaccustomedtodoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“习惯于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填letting。【5题详解】考查with复合结构。句意：当父母开车离开时，我意识到他们将回到一个空荡荡的家，因为他们所有的孩子都离开去追寻自己的梦想和生活。此处为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，在句中作状语，故填with。,考查定语从句。句意：他们的家，长久以来充满爱与欢乐，现在却空了。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Theirnest，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。【7题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：父母尽最大努力给我学习和成长的空间，即使我疏于打电话或看望他们。根据前后文逻辑关系可知，此处表示让步，意为“即使”，故用evenif/though引导让步状语从句。故填evenif/though。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我最近在玩《旅行青蛙》，这是一款让我在情感上受到影响的手机游戏。“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，宾语me与influence之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词influenced作宾语补足语。故填influenced。【9题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这款游戏缺乏其他游戏那样的叙事细节或互动性，但你可以从四处奔波的“蛙儿子”身上学到一课。havesth.todo为固定结构，意为“有某事要做”，此处用动词不定式tolearn作后置定语，修饰lesson，表示将要做的事情。故填tolearn。【10题详解】考查动词语态和时态。句意：他们会想起那些不安地等待他们回家的父母，他们熟悉的声音，他们的爱。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语They与remind之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语They是复数，所以用arereminded。故填arereminded。Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.NotethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneedA.groundB.frictionC.loadD.collectiveE.massiveF.preservingG.attachH.illustratingI.dimensionsJ.justifyK.permanentStolenHistory:TheBattletoBringChina’sTreasuresHomeTheillegaltradeofChineseculturalartifacts(文物)hasgrownintoaworldwideissue,showinghowchallengingitistoprotecthistoricaltreasuresinourmodernage.Recentreportsrevealshockingtruths-ancientbronzetoolsfromtheShangDynastyanddelicatelymadeTangDynastypotteryfigureskeepdisappearingfromChinesemuseumsanddigsites.Manylateremergeinmajoroverseasauctionhouses,sellingformillionswhileChinastrugglestogetthemback.UNESCOestimatesmorethan10millionChineserelicsremainabroad,withfewerthan1in10everreturning—a/an11lossofculturalheritage.Someforeigncollectorstryto12keepingthesestolenitemsbysayingthey’re“safer”intheircare.Thisclaimhasnoethical13becauseitignoreshistory—countlessartifactswerestolenduringforeigninvasionsbetween1840-1949.ToChinesepeople,theserelicsaren’tjustobjects;we14our15memorytothem.Asimplejadenecklacemightrepresentafamily’shistoryacrossgenerations,whileabronzebellcouldsymbolizeancientrituals.Growing16complicatesrecoveryefforts.Foreignmuseumsoftendemandownershippapersthatwerenevermadeforitemsstolenoveracenturyago.Meanwhile,Chineseexpertscarrytheheavy17oftrackingstolengoodsthrougholdrecords,internationallaws,andtoughnegotiations.ThefighttorecovertheOldSummerPalace’szodiacanimalstatues(十二生肖兽首雕像)took12yearsandinvolvedthreegovernments,perfectly18thesechallenges.Thisissuehasmultiple19—it’saboutlaw,history,andnationalpride.Whilerecentsuccesseslikethe2019returnofastoleneighth-centuryBuddhistmural(佛教壁画)bringhope,muchworkremains.Globalcooperationandstricterarttraderulesareessential.Protectingculturalheritageisn’tjustChina’sresponsibility—it’sabout20humanity’ssharedstoryforgenerationstocome.【答案】11.E12.J19.I20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了中国文物非法交易的问题，以及中国在追回流失文物过程中所面临的挑战和努力。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：联合国教科文组织估计有超过1000万件中国文物仍留在国外，其中少于十分之一能够返回——这是一个巨大的文化遗产损失。空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词“loss”，结合句意，只有十分之一的文物能够回国，这是一种巨大的损失。选项E“massive”意为“巨大的”，符合句意，故选E。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：一些外国收藏家试图为保留这些被盗物品进行辩解，声称它们在他们的照顾下“更安全”。trytodo为固定搭配，设空处填动词原形，根据“keepingthesestolenitemsbysayingthey’re“safer”intheircare”,可知，空格处需要填入一个动词来表示“为……进行辩解”。选项J“justify”意为“为……辩护；证明……正当”，符合句意，故选J。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：这种说法在道德上没有任何根据，因为它忽视了历史——无数文物在1840-1949年间的外国入侵中被盗。设空处填名词作宾语，“ground”意为“根据；理由”为名词，放在这里和ethical形成固定短语，意思是“道德依据”，符合句意，故选A。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：我们把集体记忆附着于它们。空格处需要填入一个动词作谓语，和后面的to形成固定短语。根据下文“Asimplejadenecklacemightrepresentafamily’shistoryacrossgenerations,whileabronzebellcouldsymbolizeancientrituals.”可知，文物上承载着记忆和历史，此处指我们把记忆附加到文物上，选项G“attach”意为“附着；连接”为动词，attachsth.to…是“把……依附于……”，符合句意，故选G。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们把集体记忆附着于它们。空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词“memory”，结合下文“Asimplejadenecklacemightrepresentafamily’shistoryacrossgenerations,whileabronzebellcouldsymbolizeancientrituals.”可知，文物代表集体文化遗产，文物承载了我们的集体回忆、历史。选项D“collective”意为“集体的”，符合句意，故选D。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：不断增加的摩擦使回收工作变得更加复杂。根据下文“Foreignmuseumsoftendemandownershippapersthatwerenevermadeforitemsstolenoveracenturyago.”以及“ThefighttorecovertheOldSummerPalace’szodiacanimalstatues(十二生肖兽首雕像)took12yearsandinvolvedthreegovernments”文物追回工作面临诸多阻力和摩擦，空格处需要填入一个名词来表示“摩擦，阻力”，在句中充当主语。选项B“friction”意为“摩擦；冲突”为名词，符合句意，故选B。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：与此同时，中国专家肩负着追踪被盗物品的重任，他们要依靠旧档案资料、国际法律以及艰苦的谈判来完成这项工作。根据下文“oftrackingstolengoodsthrougholdrecords,internationallaws,andtoughnegotiations”专家们承担着重任，选项C“load”意为“责任，重担”，为名词，符合句意，故选C。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：圆明园十二生肖兽首雕像的追回工作历时12年，涉及三个政府，完美地说明了这些挑战。追回十二生肖兽首的艰难工作充分说明了文物追回工作所面临的挑战，动词illustrate“说明；阐释”符合句意，用现在分词作状语。选项H“illustrating”意为“说明；阐释”，符合语境，故选H。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：这个问题有多个层面——它涉及法律、历史和民族自豪感。此空作宾语，根据“it’saboutlaw,history,andnationalpride”可知，文物追讨工作涉及很多层面的问题，空格处需要填入一个名词来表示“层面；维度”，multiple提示名词用复数。选项I“dimensions”意为“层面；维度”，符合句意，故选I。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：保护文化遗产不仅仅是中国的责任，而是为了保存人类共同的故事，以便代代相传。根据后文“humanity’ssharedstoryforgenerationstocome”可知，此处指“保护人类共享的故事”，空格处需符合句意，故选F。Directions:ForeachB,CandD.FillineacThegrowingvolumeofhouseholdwastebasbecomeapressingcrisisinmoderncities.Shanghai,asoneoftheworld’smostpopulousmetropolises,facesparticularchallengesinmanagingthe30,000tonsofdomestictrash 21daily.However,throughsystematicclassificationandinnovativesolutions,thecityisgraduallybuildinga/an22modelforsustainablewastemanagement.Theprocessbeginswithresidentssortingwasteintofour23:recyclables,hazardouswaste,wetwaste(kitchenscraps),anddrywaste.Thiscrucialstep,24implementedin2019,requirescitizenstodevelopnewhabits.Ms.Li,acommunityvolunteer,explains,“Atfirst,manyfoundtherules25,butnowover90%ofhouseholdsinourneighborhood26separatetheirtrashcorrectly.”Afterc