2025-2026学年北京市西城区八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含答案）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年北京市西城区八年级（下）期末英语试卷一、单选题：本大题共8小题，共8分。1.Mr.Greenisahelpfulteacher.

oftengivesusadviceonhowtobeagood—languagelearner.（）A.You B.She C.He D.It2.Thisyear，theDragonBoatFestivalfell

June19.（）A.in B.on C.at D.by3.—MustImaketheposterallbymyself？

—No，you

.Youcanworkinagroup.（）A.needn't B.can't C.mustn't D.shouldn't4.Afterwinningafewcompetitions，shefelt

thanbefore.（）A.confident B.moreconfident

C.mostconfident D.themostconfident5.Inthepasttenyears，people

lotsofsolarparksinthedesert.（）A.built B.build C.willbuild D.havebuilt6.Mysistergraduatedfromcollegeand

anursein2024.（）A.becomes B.became C.hasbecome D.isbecoming7.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，manypeoplewonderifcashiers

bymachinesinthenearfuture.（）A.replace B.willreplace

C.willbereplaced D.arereplaced8.—Couldyoupleasetellme

thesportsmeet？

—NextFriday.（）A.whenwewillhold B.whenwillwehold

C.whenweheld D.whendidwehold二、完形填空：本大题共8小题，共8分。Itwasthelastdayofschoolbeforesummerholiday，andeveryonewasinhighspirits.Thesunwasshining，thebirdsweresinging，andtheairwasfilledwith

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.Buttherewasonethingthateveryonewaslookingforwardtomorethananythingelse：theyearlywaterballoonfight.

Theschoolwaterballoonfightwasa

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thathadbeengoingonforaslongasanyonecouldremember.Itwasagamebetweenthestudentsandtheteachers，witheachsidetryingto

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theotherwithasmanywaterballoonsaspossible.Therulesweresimple：whoevergottheothersidethewettestwasthewinner.

Assoonasthelastclasswasover，thestudentsrushedto

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theirwaterballoonsandheadedoutside.Theteachers，whohadalreadybeenwaiting，quicklysetuptheirdefenses（防御），usingchairsandtablestoprotectthemselvesfromtheattack.

Thefightbeganandwaterballoonsflewthroughtheairineverydirection（方向）.Thestudentslaughedwithgreatjoyastheyduckedandran，tryingto

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theteachers'waterballoons.

Theteacherswereexcitedtoo，andtheysuccessfullyscoredsomedirecthits，drenching（湿透）severalstudents.Asthefightwenton，thestudentsstartedtogaintheupperhand.Theyhadmorepeopleandmorewaterballoons，andtheywereableto

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downtheteachers'defenses.Soon，theteacherswerebackingoff，wetallover.

Finally，afterwhatseemedlikehours，thefightcametoanend.Thestudentswerewinning，havingbeatentheteacherswithaseeminglyendlesssupply（供应）ofwaterballoons.Theteachers

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thedefeat（战败）withagoodlaugh，andeveryonefelldownontothegrass，tiredbuthappy.

Asthestudentscleanedupandheadedhome，theyknewthattheyhadjustexperiencedsomething

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.Thegreatwaterballoonfightwasmorethanjustagame—itwasatraditionthatbroughteveryonetogether，anditwasamemorythattheywouldvalueforyearstocome.9.A.laughter B.pressure C.worry D.peace10.A.project B.tradition C.challenge D.journey11.A.surprise B.calm C.help D.hit12.A.collect B.drop C.brush D.freeze13.A.block B.break C.avoid D.stop14.A.wear B.turn C.slow D.put15.A.studied B.accepted C.changed D.remembered16.A.risky B.necessary C.surprising D.special三、阅读理解：本大题共9小题，共18分。AAlexhasalwaysbehavedperfectly.Hestudiedhardandlearnedtomakehisopinionslikeable.Hediscoveredwhenhespokepolitely，gaveperfectanswersandgotgoodgrades，parentsandteacherslitup，whichmadehimevenhappier.

Basketball，however，wasadifferentstory.Hemadeeveryeffortateachpractice，yetinthegamehealwaysfeltonestepbehind-somethingimportantseemedtobemissing-untilagameheldupamirrortohim.

Itwasthebiggestgameoftheyear.CoachMillersenthiminlateinthegame.Thescorewasclose，andthecourtwasloudwithcheers.Alexwentintoposition，quietlyhopingtodohisbest.Whentheballwasinhishand，hehadaclearchancetoshoot.Buthefrozeandlookedforsomeonetopassto.Amomentlater，hehadanotherchance.Hereachedfortheball，butwhenhesawanotherplayercharging（冲）athim，hebackedoff.Bytheendofthegame，Alexhadtouchedtheballfourtimes-movingaroundthecourtbutneverreallygoingforit.Notsurprisingly，histeamlost.

Alexwassittingaloneinthelockerroomwithaheavyheart，whenMr.Millersilentlyjoinedhim.

"YouknowwhyIputyouin？"Mr.Millerasked.

Alexshookhishead.

"Becauseyou'reready—youjustdon'tknowityet."

"Ready？Theyranrightthroughme，"Alexsaid，staringathim.

"No，yousteppedoutoftheirway.Andthat'stheproblem，Alex.Youhavetheheightandskills，butyouplayeditsafeonthecourt.Youweretooafraidofnotlookingperfect."

"I'vewatchedyouoffthecourttoo.Inthehallway，inclass，you'realwaysmeasuring（权衡），alwaysmakingsureyouranswersareperfect.You'velearnedtobeperfectlybehaved，Alex.Butthatdoesn'twingames."

Alexfeltheatrisetohisface."ButifIshootandmiss.."

"Thenyoumiss，Mr.Millersaid."Goodplayersaren'tperfect.Theygofortheballevenwhensomeone'scomingrightatthem.Theyaren'tafraidoflookingstupidorfailinginfrontofeveryone."

Silencefellbetweenthem.Mr.Millerstoodup."Sametimetomorrow，Alex，remembertoleavetheperfectkidinthelockerroom."

Walkinghome，Alexmadeadecision.Hewouldn'tbeafraidoflookingimperfectanymore—notjustonthecourt，buteverywhere.17.ParentsandteacherswerehappywithAlexbecausehewas______.A.braveandactive B.confidentandoutgoing

C.handsomeandpopular D.well-behavedandhardworking18.HowdidAlexdointhebasketballgame？______A.Hedidhisbest. B.Heplayeditsafe.

C.Hescoredfourpoints. D.Hekeptupwithothers.19.AftertalkingwithMr.Miller，Alexprobablylearntthat______.A.fearoffailureholdsoneback B.goodbehaviorleadstosuccess

C.beingpopularbringshappiness D.practicinghardhelpswingamesBHaveyoueverwonderedwhatyourbraindoeswhenyouareasleep？Duringthenight，youmaygothroughseveralroundsofsleepcycle.Ineachcycle，therearedifferentsleepstages，likelightsleep，deepsleep，andREMsleep-thestagewhereyoudreammost.Duringdeepsleep，yourbrainwavesslowdownthemost.Accordingtosleepresearch，thisisalsothetimewhenyourbrain'swaste-cleaningsystemismostactive，helpingremovewastefromthebrain.Thesystemiscalledtheglympnaticsystem.

Yourbraincellsneedenergyfromfoodtopowertaskslikethinkingandlearning.Oncethatenergyisused，wasteremains.Thiswastehastobeclearedoutofyourbrain，becausesometypesofitareespeciallyharmfulifleftinyourbraintoolong.That'swhentheglymphaticsystemcomesin-itusesbrainfluid（液体）towashthatwasteoutofyourbrain.

AscientistnamedMaikenNedergaardfromDenmarksays，"It'sliketurningonthe"dishwasher'inyourbrainbeforeyougotobed，andthenyouwakeupwithacleanbrain."Sheandherteamdidalotofresearchtofindoutwhatactuallypoweredthiscleaningwork.

Theteamdiscoveredthatachemicalcallednorepinephrine（NE）playedakeyrole.Duringdeepsleep，thebrainstemsendsouttinywavesofNEaboutevery50seconds.Thesewavescausetinybloodvesselsinthebraintonarrowandwidenregularly.Asthebloodvolume（血量）inthebrainchanges，theflow（流量）ofbrainfluidrisesandfallsaswell.Inthisway，thebloodvesselsworklikesmallpumps（泵），helpingmovebrainfluidthroughthebrainandclearawaywaste.

Sonexttimeyouaregettingagreatnight'ssleep，yourbrain'spersonalhero—norepinepnrine-ishardatwork，givingyourbrainadeepcleaning.However，whenyouareshortofsleep，you'renotjustlosingrest—you'reallowingwastetobuildupinyourbrain.

Ifyouwantyourbraintogetthisnightlywash，makesureyougetenoughdeepsleep.Sticktoaregularbedtimetosetyourbodyclockright.Keepscreensawayanhourbeforesleep，anddosomereadingtohelpyourbrainwinddown.Thesehabitshelpyoustaysharptodayandkeepyourbrainhealthyforyearstocome.Sweetdreams，andhappycleaning！20.Accordingtothepassage，theglymphaticsystemismostactivewhen______.A.youdreammostduringsleep B.wastestaysinthebraintoolong

C.braincellsuseenergyfromfood D.youareinthestageofdeepsleep21.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______

AWavesofNEarecausedbybloodvesselchanges.A.Theflowofbrainfluidchangeswithbloodvolume.

B.Theglymphaticsystemworksbetterwithmorebrainfluid.

C.Brainwasteclearanceishardlyinfluencedbybloodvolume.22.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？______A.Whereyourbraingetsitspower.

B.Whythebrainneedstoremovewaste.

C.Howthebrainclearswasteduringsleep.DWhatyoushoulddotoimproveyoursleep.CYou'veprobablynoticedthatAIisshowingupeverywhere—inhowyoudoresearch，talktofriends，andeventhinkthroughproblems.AlotofteensnowadaysuseAItoolstohelpwithhomeworkorfindinformation.Buthere'swhereitgetscomplicated：howmuchshouldAIactuallyhelp？Workingouttheanswerisharderthanitsounds.

Itcanbeeasytojust"putyourhomeworkintoAI"asyougetaperfectanswerinseconds.Onthesurface，itfeelseasy，quick，andharmless.Butthere'sacatch.WhenstudentsjustfeedtheirworkintoanAIchatbot，they'reactuallydoingsomethingcalledcognitiveoffloading.Insteadofusingtheirownbraintothinkthroughaproblem，theypassthehardthinkingontosomethingelse—likeachatbot.

Cognitiveoffloadingisn'talwaysbad—wedoitallthetime：wetakeaphotoofnotesinsteadofcopyingthem；weuseGPSinsteadofrememberingtheturns.ButwithAI，itcanbecomeaproblemwhenitreplacesreallearning.Youmightthink，"Idon'tletAIdomyworkTHAToften，I'mstillabletolearnjustfine！"Researchsays：thinkagain.

ResearcherscarriedoutastudyonhowAIinfluenceslearning.About1，000highschoolstudentssolvedmathproblemsinthreegroups：oneusedabasicAIchatbot，oneusedatutor（导师）AIthatguidedandsupportedlearninginsteadofsimplygivinganswers，anaoneusenoAIatall.

WhileAIwasavailable（可用的），studentsusingthebasicAIandtutorAIperformed48%and127%betterthantheno-AIgroup.ButonceAIwastakenaway，thebasic-AIgroupdid17%worsethantheno-AIgroup，whilethetutor-AIgroupshowedlittletonodifference.ThesefindingssuggestAIcanhelpinthemoment—butdependingonittooheavilymaybackfire（适得其反）.Thegoalisn'ttoneveruseAI—it'stouseitasatoolthatstrengthensourbrain，notreplacesit.

Sowhatshouldyoudo？Youcanstartbyworkingthingsoutonyourownfirst.BuildyourownunderstandingbeforeaskingAI.ThenuseAItoguideyou：askforexplanationsinsteadofjusttheanswer.Finally，checkwhetheryouorAIdidmostofthethinking.Makesuretoavoidthekindofoffloadingthatcanhurtyourlearning.

Gettingthingsdonefastsurelyfeelsgood.Buttruelearningcomesfromeffort，struggles，creativity，andproblem-solving-notjustthefinalanswer.23.Whatdothewords"cognitiveoffloading"inParagraph2mostprobablymean？______A.Gettingthingsdonequicklyonyourown.

B.Havingyourownideasbeforeaskingforhelp.

C.Thinkingthroughdifficultpartswhilereading.

D.Usingcertaintoolstomakethejobeasierforthebrain.24.Whatdoweknowfromthestudymentionedinthepassage？______A.AIreplacestheneedtolearnbasicmath.

B.BasicAlhelpspeoplelearninthelongrun.

C.QuickAIgainsmayweakenfuturelearning.

D.AIuseprovidesclearsupportformathlearning.25.Whichofthefollowingwouldthewritermostprobablyagreewith？______A.MindfuluseofAIisnecessaryinlearning.

B.StudentsshoulduseAIwhenthey'reolder.

C.TruelearninghappensinthepresenceofAI.

D.Technologykeepspeoplefromreallearning.四、任务型阅读-简答：本大题共1小题，共10分。26.

Imaginethis：alongweekendiscomingup.Somestudentsprefertoplaneverythingindetail，suchasfinishinghomeworkandmeetingfriends.Theyareprobablyplanners.Plannerssetgoalsandorganizetheirtimecarefullytokeepthingsinorder.Othersgowiththeflow（顺其自然）.Theyaremorelikelytobenon-planners.Non-plannersseldomsticktofixedplans.Instead，theyenjoysurprisesandoftenmakechoicesbasedonhowtheyfeel.

Ihavealwaysbeenastrictplanner.Iliketothinkaheadandplanmytimecarefully.Thishelpsmestayorganized，usemytimewiselyandavoidrushingatthelastminute.Yet，Isometimesgotoofar—IcaresomuchaboutfollowingmyplansthatIforgettoenjoythemoment.

MyfriendPeter，however，isanon-planner.Heseldommakesplansandisalwaysopentounexpectedadventures.Icouldn'treallyunderstandhimatfirst，butovertime，Igrewtoaccepthiswayofdoingthings.Now，Ievenenjoyspendingtimewithhimbecauseheoftenintroducesmetonewthingsandhelpsmenoticethebeautyaround.

Ourdifferentstylescansometimescauseproblems.Lastmonth，weworkedtogetheronagroupprojectwiththreeotherclassmates.Astheteamleader，Imadeaplan，gaveoutthetasks，andsetcleardeadlines（截止日期）.Mostmembersfollowedtheplanandcompletedtheirtasksasexpected.Oftentimes，Peterfailedtofinishhispartontime，whichsomewhatheldtheteamback.However，hewasfullofcreativeideas.Neartheendoftheproject，hesuggestedsomechangestoimproveourwork.Ilikedhisideas，butIworriedthatmakingchangessolatemightslowusdown.Finally，Idecidednottoaccepthissuggestions.Heseemedalittledisappointed，whichmadeourteamworklesspleasantthanIhadexpected.

Afterthisexperience，Istartedtoseethingsdifferently.Lifeisnotaboutchoosingonesideortheother.Sometimesweneeda