2026年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语

2026年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语一、阅读理解TheMaya(玛雅人)weregoodatmath.Theycountedingroupsof20,not10.Theywrotenumbersincolumnsgoingup.Thebottomrowwasthe“1s”column,thenextrowupwas20s,then400s,andsoon.Fordigits,theyusedadotfor1,alinefor5,andashellshapetoshowzero.Numbers1to19werewrittenwithacombinationoflinesanddots.

Thenumber1209(three400s+no20s+nine1s)wouldlooklikethis:AMayavillagemightkeeparecordofthepumpkinstheyharvestedlikethis:TheMayaalsokeptthreedifferentcalendars.Thefirstdividedtheyearinto18monthsof20dayseach,plusashortmonthof5days.Theshortmonthwasbelievedtobeunlucky,atimewhenspiritswalked.Thesecondcalendarrepeatedevery260days.Thiswasusedtoplancelebrationsandpredictfuture.Thiscalendarcounted13monthsof20dayseach.Eachdatehaditsownsetof3symbols(day,month,andyear).Whentalkingabouteventslongago,theyusedacalendarcalledthe“longcount.”Thiscoveredabout5,125years.Year1onthiscalendarwas3114BCEonourcalendar.Eachcityandvillagehadacalendarkeeper,whowasinchargeofsayingwhentocelebrateholidaysandwhentoexpectrainorplantcrops.Butfarmerscouldprobablyalsotellthetimeoftheyearfromthesunandstars.1.HowmanypumpkinsdidtheMayavillageharvestaccordingtoFigure3?

A．114.B．409.C．414.D．439.2.Whatcouldthe“longcount”calendarbeusedfor?

A．Markingtheunluckydays.B．Recordingancientevents.C．Dividingtheyearinto18months.D．Predictingandmakingfutureplans.3.Whichlearningprojectwouldthistextbemostsuitablefor?

A．DesignatravelplantotheMayaruinsB．WriteareportontheMayaagricultureC．GiveapresentationonMayaartisticsymbolsD．MakeaposterofMayascientificachievementsWhenMiaWoodsretiredat61,sheknewsheneededaplan.“Iwasworriedaboutlosingmyidentityasaprofessional.WhatelsecanIbe?”shethought.Theyearbefore,shehadbeentoldshehadamildmemoryproblem.“IwastryingtoshowmyselfthatIcouldstillthinkandbecreative,”shesays.Soshedecidedtodo—ratherthanbe—somethingnew:bakeapieeverydayforayearandgiveeachpieaway.“Itmademereachouteverydaytosomebody,soIwouldn’tbealone.Anditgavemearoutine,”shesays.Shebakedherfirstpieandgaveittoher88-year-oldaunt,Carol.Asateenager,Miahadmovedinwithheraunt’sfamilywhenhermotherbecameill.“Theygavemestability...Itwastheperfectfirstpie,”shesays.Shewentongivingpiestoformercolleagues,groceryclerks,evenahomelessman.Aswordspread,shegotknownas“thepielady”.Formorethan30years,Miahadworkedasacityplanner.“I’maplannerbynature,trainingandprofession.WhatIreallylikedaboutitwasthatplanningtakestime,chaos,manydifferentcomponents,putsthemalltogetherandmakesthemintosomethingmanageable.”Sheseesthesameinbakingpies:“Youtakeabunchofingredientsandcreatesomethingoutofthem.”Twelveyearson,Miahascontinuedtoinventnewprojects,includingwritingaletteraday,andpaintingpicturesofherlocalsky.Sheiswritingabookaboutthepieexperience.Butshehaslearnedmorethanbaking.“WhatreallycameoutofitwastheunderstandingthatIwassomeonewhocoulddonewthings,”shereflects.“Andmyprofessionalidentitywasn’tcriticaltowhoIam.”“Evennow,afterIhaveanencounterwithsomebody,Ithink:‘There’sapersonIwishIcouldgiveapieto.’”saysMia.4.WhatwasMia’sworrywhensheretired?

A．Herseriousmentalproblem.B．Herbeingcutofffromothers.C．Havingnoidentitybeyondcareer.D．Havingtochangeherdailyroutine.5.WhydidMiagiveherfirstpietoheraunt?

A．ShehadgivenMiaahome.B．ShehadcaredforMia’smum.C．Shewastheoldestinthefamily.D．ShehadbuiltMia’sstablecharacter.6.WhatdocityplanningandbakingpieshaveincommonaccordingtoMia?

A．Bothrequireprofessionaltraining.B．Bothmakesenseofmixedelements.C．Bothcreatesomethingoutofnothing.D．Bothconnectpeoplewithoneanother.7.WhatisMia’sreflectiononherexperience?

A．Everyoneintheworlddeservesapie.B．Newchallengesredefinewhoweare.C．Openinguptochangestakescourage.D．Simpleactscanbringpeopletogether.Peoplemightnotrealizethatonebasiclifenecessityhasslippedfromtheircontrol:meals.Withtheriseofonlineplatforms,peopleenjoythefreedomtogetanythingquicklyandatareasonableprice.However,foodwriterChenYuhuiarguesinherbookWhoDecidesWhattoEatthatthisconveniencehasrobbedpeopleoftheirautonomyoverfood,reflectingagreaterlossofcommunitylifeinaresult-drivensocietythatprioritizesefficiency.“Manypeopledon’trealizehowoftentheirdiningchoicesaremadeforthem,”Chensays.Forinstance,aboss’srequestforovertimechangestheirdinnerplans;orarestaurantdiscountofferinfluenceswheretheyeat.These,sheexplains,arepassivechoices.Chencitesanothercommoncomplaint:tomatoesthattasteplaincomparedtochildhoodmemories.Thisrevealsadeeperloss—commerciallydominant,hard-skinnedvarietiesare“morefittingforlong-distancetransportation,”sacrificingflavorandthecommunitylifeoncebuiltaroundfreshmarkets.Chenalsoworriesaboutthedeclineofpeople’sabilitytochoosefoodwisely.Youngpeoplebuyingredientsonlinewithoutmarketexperienceandmaythinkplainfoodisjusthowit’ssupposedtobe.Chenfurthernotesthatonlinefoodimagesare“zombie-like”—theyshowlifelessfood,unlikethefreshproduceinmarkets,andthislimitspeople’simaginationaboutfood.However,whenshesharestipsonselectingfreshproduceinmarkets,sheoftengetsrequestsforshoppinglinksinstead.Chenconnectstheseattitudestoabroadermindset:“Buyinggroceriesandcookinginvolveacertainlevelofacceptanceofmistakes.Yetmanytodayseemtohavelittlepatiencewiththem.”Thefocusonresultsmakesdeliveryappealing,aspeoplebelieveitguaranteesabetteroutcome.Beyondthelossofautonomy,Chenseessomethingdeeperinfood—it’samicrocosmforunderstandingtheworld.“Ifyoulovetomatoesbutfindthemplain,doyoucomplainorinvestefforttofindflavorfulones?Searchingfortherightvarietyshowsdifferentproblem-solvingabilities,whichiswhatImeanbyfoodbeingthesmallestunitforunderstandingtheworld,”sheconcludes.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlyintroduce?

A．Advancesinfoodtechnology.B．Thehiddencostoffoodconvenience.C．Changinghabitsofdiningout.D．Thepopularityofonlinefoodshopping.9.WhatdoesChenmeanbydescribingonlinefoodimagesas“zombie-like”?

A．Theylooktooperfecttobereal.B．Theydiscourageinterestincooking.C．Theypushpeopletoordertakeout.D．Theyfailtoshowrealandlivelyfood.10.Whatdoespeople’spreferencefordeliveryreveal?

A．Theirdesiretoavoiduncertainty.B．Theirover-relianceontechnology.C．Theirviewofcookingasaburden.D．Theirseparationfromfoodsources.11.Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?

A．Returningtomarketscanrestorefoodautonomy.B．Thelossoffoodflavorisunavoidablenowadays.C．Onlineplatformshavechangedpeople’slifestyle.D．Ourrelationshipwithfoodmirrorsourworldview.Chinesescientistshavedevelopedanewrefrigerationmethodthatsolvesalong-standingchallengeincoolingtechnology.PublishedinNature,thestudyrespondstorisingenergydemandsinapplicationsrangingfromfoodpreservationtodatacentercooling.Traditionalvapor-compressionsystemsconsumevastamountsofelectricityandrelyonharmfulrefrigerants.InChina,refrigerationaccountsfornearly20%ofthenation’selectricityuseand7.8%ofitscarbonemissions(碳排放).Whilesolid-statecoolingavoidsharmfulgases,itsuffersfrompoorheattransfer,limitingitsreal-worldapplication.LedbyProfessorLiBingfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences,theresearchteamovercamethisbycombiningsolidcoolingeffectswithliquidflow.Theyusedacommon,non-toxicsaltwhosedissolution(溶解)inwaterabsorbslargeamountsofheat.Conversely,applyingpressurecausesthesalttocomeoutandreleaseheat.Cyclingthispressureachievescontinuouscooling.“Unliketraditionalsolidmethods,whereheatmovesslowly,oursystemintegratestherefrigerantandheat-transfermediumintoasingleliquid,”Lisaid.“Thissolvesthe‘impossibletriangle’—achievinglowpollution,strongcooling,andfastheattransferallatonce.”Labtestsshowedatemperaturedropofnearly30°Cinjust20secondsatroomtemperature,andupto54°Cathighertemperatures—significantlyoutperformingexistingsolidcoolers.Aprototypecycleachievedacoolingcapacityof67joulespergramwithnearly77%efficiency.Thesystemalsoprovedstable,reversible,andinstantlyresponsivetopressurechanges.“Thistechnologymovesbeyondtraditionalrefrigerationprinciples,”Liadded.“Byturningthecoolantintoafluid,itopensthedoortohigh-performance,zero-emissioncoolingforhomesandindustry.”Henotedthemethod’sstronghigh-temperatureperformancemakesitanidealcandidateforheatmanagementinnext-generationAIcomputingfacilities.Whileengineeringchallengesremain,especiallyinachievingrapidlyswitchablepressurecycles,theprinciplecouldbeadaptedtoothermaterialsfordiversecoolingneeds.12.Whatisthemainproblemwithtraditionalsolid-statecoolingsystems?

A．Theytransferheatpoorly.B．Theyproduceharmfulgases.C．Theyfailathightemperature.D．Theyusetoomuchelectricity.13.Whatisthekeyinnovationofthenewcoolingmethod?

A．Usingsaltinsteadofchemicalrefrigerants.B．Increasingpressureinsidetraditionalsystems.C．Replacingpressurecycleswithcontinuousflow.D．Combiningsolidcoolingwithliquidheattransfer.14.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“impossibletriangle”inthetext?

A．Tohighlightthevalueofthenewsystem.B．Toillustratethedesignofthenewsystem.C．Toexplainwhyoldsystemsarestillinuse.D．Toshowthelimitationsofprevioussystems.15.WhatdoesLiBingseeasapromisingapplicationofthenewtechnology?

A．Preservingfoodinsupplychains.B．Replacingtraditionalhomerefrigerators.C．CoolingfutureAIdatacenters.D．Achievingrapidlyswitchablepressurecycles.Confidenceisinfectious.Someonewhospeakswithtotalcertaintyismorelikelytoinspirethansomeonewhoishesitant.16Itfoundthatmoreconfidentletterswereassociatedwithmoresuccessfulcommercialco-operations.Confidence—evenoverconfidence—canalsoleadtohigherstatus.Ina2012study,MBAstudentswereaskedtotakeanonlinesurvey.Thequestionnaireaskedthemiftheyknewcertainnames,eventsandworksofart.17Attheendoftheterm,classmatesratedtheoverlyconfidentstudents—thosewhohadpickedthemostfictionalentries—asthemostinfluential.18Onestudyfoundthatoverconfidentbossesweremorelikelytobuyothercompanies.Thesepurchaseswerealsomorelikelytofail.AnotherpaperlookedatthelinkbetweenCEOs’confidenceandtheirearningforecasts.Researchersfoundthatbosseswithtoomuchself-beliefwereslowertoadjusttheirforecastswhentheywerewrong.19Thisleadstotwobroadsuggestionsformanagerstoreflecton.First,overconfidentpeopleneedclearrules.Anewspaperfoundthatpuffed-upbossesathigh-techfirmshadabetterrecordofmakingbreakthroughinnovationsiftheywerewatchedbypowerfulandexpertboards.Second,self-doubtersneedencouragementtofulfiltheirpotential.20Studiesshowedthatwhenpeoplewereremindedoftheirownpower,theyperformedbetterininterviewsandpresentations.Confidencecanbenatural.Itcanalsobestimulated.

A．Theydidn’tknowthatsomeofthechoicesweremadeup.B．Astudyanalysedthelanguageusedinlettersfrominvestors.C．Simplyput,overconfidentbossesstayedwrongforalongertime.D．Overconfidentpeopletendtobepromotedtoleadershippositions.E．Asmuchasconfidencebringsrewards,however,italsobringsdanger.F．Therefore,expertssuggestcreatingamorerelaxingworkenvironment.G．Thissupportcancomefrommanagers,advisors,orevenfromthemselves.二、完形填空Despitemysuccessfulcareer,performanceanxietyhasbeenmyconstantcompanion.Itfirststruckduringanexamatuniversity.Forthirtyminutes,mymindwentcompletelyblank,unableto21asinglewordfromthepaper.AlthoughI22recoveredandachievedadecentresult,theregretremained:whatifIhadn’t23?Yearslater,asaprofessional,Ifrequentlygave24.Usually,afewdeepbreathswouldcalmmynerves.However,oneday,whileheadingtoaddressstudentsonhowtoimprovelearningefficiency,I25thesubwayexit.Themistake26meprecioustime,andIrushedintothehalljustfiveminutesbeforethestart.Seeingtheaudiencealready27,Ifeltawaveofterrorwashingoverme.Thistime,thebreathingtechnique28.WhenIfinallybegantospeak,myvoiceshookuncontrollably.Inthat29moment,Imadeasuddendecision.Iadmittedmyfeartothestudents.Immediately,theireyesfilledwith30insteadofjudgment.Forthenexttenminutes,Isharedmystory,explainingthateveryonehasweaknessesthatmayneverbefully31.Itoldthemthatnooneisperfect,but32ourselvescanmakeusbetter.Thetwo-hoursessionendedwithunexpectedwarmth.Later,afriendmentionedhow33thestudentsweretotrythemethodsIshared.Iexplainedthatthesuccesslayinmy34interaction.Sometimes,whattrulytouchesheartsisnotaperfectspeech,butthe35toshareourrealselves.21.A．takeinB．bringupC．lookforD．sendout22.A．actuallyB．eventuallyC．quicklyD．suddenly23.A．passedB．recoveredC．panickedD．finished24.A．adviceB．feedbackC．lecturesD．performances25.A．forgotB．foundC．changedD．misjudged26.A．costB．wonC．boughtD．spared27.A．boredB．seatedC．chattingD．leaving28.A．helpedB．matteredC．respondedD．failed29.A．surprisingB．desperateC．magicalD．unforgettable30.A．angerB．doubtC．curiosityD．sympathy31.A．overcomeB．forgivenC．understoodD．neglected32.A．behavingB．describingC．acceptingD．loving33.A．eagerB．hesitantC．proudD．confused34.A．meaningfulB．inspiringC．casualD．honest35.A．motivationB．courageC．techniqueD．determination三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyspring,the356-year-oldkapoktree(木棉树)inSunYat-senMemorialHallflowers,capturingtheheartsoflocals.Knownas36“KapokKing,”itisamiracleofnature,asthesetreesrarelysurvive37acenturyinthewild.Itslonglifeisduetotheconstantcareandattentionfromanexpertteam.LedbyWangYongyue,theteamemploysadvancedtechnologies38(monitor)thetree’shealth.TheyuseCTscanstomaprootsuptosevenoreightmetersdeep.“Wealsostrikenailsinthewoodtocreatesoundwaves,”Wangexplains.“Ifthewood39(be)hollowordecayed(腐烂的)inside,thespeedofthesoundchanges.Thishelpsusstrengthenthetree40it’stoolate.”Since2009,Wanghasoverseenquarterlycheck-ups,withacriticalfocusonmanagingharmfulinsects.Ratherthanrelyingonstrong41(chemical),theteampracticesbiologicalcontrol.BiKeke,alabexpert,describesreleasing42(nature)enemiestohuntthem.“Itisastoryofone43(beat)anotherinnature,”henotes,highlightinghowthisapproachmaintains44(ecology)balance.TothecitizensofGuangzhou,thistreeismorethanaplant;itisabelovedfamilymember45well-beingconnectsthecity’spastandfuture.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Mark在邮件中说，学校摄影比赛中有幅作品因使用AI技术生成而被取消参评资格。请你回复邮件谈谈你对这一事件的看法及理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMark,Thanksforsharingthedisqualifiedphotocasewithme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastsummer,wemovedintoabeautifulhousewheresunlightfloodedthekitcheneverymorning.Theonlydownsidewasthebackyard:behindtall,messybusheslayanoldpond,dryandsmelly.“Let’sbringitbacktolife!”Isuggested.Myparentssmiledandagreed.Itbecameourfamily’ssummerproject.Wecleanedoutthemudandlinedtheedgewithprettystones.Atthegardenshop,Ichosecattailsandwaterlilies.“Theyfloatlikelittleumbrellas,”Mumsaid.“Yes,”Irepliedproudly,“andtheykeepthewatercoolandclean.”Thencamethebestpart:twotinygoldfish—SpottyandSparkly.Ialsoaskedaboutapondheater.I’dreadthatifthepondfrozesolidinwinte