2025年考研英语一真题回忆版

2025年考研英语一真题回忆版SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theconceptof"digitaldetox"hasgainedconsiderabletractioninrecentyears,emergingasanecessaryresponsetoourhyper-connectedexistence.However,theideaofcompletely1technologyfromourlivesisnotonlyimpracticalbutoften2.Instead,expertssuggestamorenuancedapproach:"digitalhygiene."Thisdoesnot3arejectionofmoderntoolsbutratheramindfulandintentionalusageofthem.Thegoalistoregaincontroloverourdigitallivesratherthanbeing4byalgorithmsandnotifications.Thephysiologicalandpsychologicalimpactsofconstantconnectivityareprofound.Studieshaveshownthatthebluelightemittedbyscreenscan5circadianrhythms,leadingtosleepdeprivation.Furthermore,theincessantstreamofinformationcreatesastateof"continuouspartialattention,"6ourabilitytofocusdeeplyonasingletask.Thiscognitivefragmentationnotonlylowersproductivitybutalso7stressandanxiety.Weareconstantly8forthedopaminehitthatcomeswithanewlikeoremail,creatingacycleofdependencythatisdifficulttobreak.Tocombatthis,digitalhygieneadvocatessettingclearboundaries.Thiscouldbeassimpleas9"no-phonezones"inthehouse,suchasthediningtableorthebedroom.Anothereffectivestrategyisthe"24-hourrule,"whichinvolves10anynon-urgentdigitalcommunicationforaday.11,thesepracticesarenotaboutdemonizingtechnology;theyareabout12ourrelationshipwithit.Bytreatingourdevicesastoolsratherthanextensionsofourselves,wecan13thebenefitsofconnectivitywithoutsuccumbingtoitspitfalls.Criticsarguethatsuchmeasuresaremerely14andthattheonlysolutionisafundamentalrestructuringofthetechindustryitself.Whileregulationisimportant,individualagencyremains15.Wecannotwaitfortechgiantstoredesigntheirproductstobelessaddictive;wemusttakeproactivestepstoprotectourmental16.Theriseof"digitalwellness"featuresinoperatingsystemsindicatesthattheindustryisrespondingtopressure,butthesefeaturesareoften17andeasilybypassed.Ultimately,digitalhygieneisaboutcultivatingasenseofautonomyinadigitalage.Itrequires18anddiscipline.Itisnotaone-timefixbutacontinuousprocessof19andadjusting.Aswemoveforward,theabilitytodisconnectwillbecomeavaluableskill,20thosewhomasteritwilllikelyenjoybothhigherproductivityandgreaterpeaceofmind.1.[A]eliminating[B]integrating[C]updating[D]duplicating2.[A]beneficial[B]counterproductive[C]essential[D]inevitable3.[A]imply[B]justify[C]necessitate[D]signify4.[A]controlled[B]guided[C]manipulated[D]dictated5.[A]regulate[B]disrupt[C]stabilize[D]monitor6.[A]enhancing[B]maintaining[C]impairing[D]restoring7.[A]alleviates[B]diminishes[C]exacerbates[D]neutralizes8.[A]waiting[B]looking[C]hoping[D]longing9.[A]establishing[B]ignoring[C]crossing[D]imagining10.[A]respondingto[B]engagingwith[C]delaying[D]prioritizing11.[A]Furthermore[B]Conversely[C]Consequently[D]Importantly12.[A]ending[B]restructuring[C]ignoring[D]romanticizing13.[A]maximize[B]minimize[C]identify[D]eliminate14.[A]solutions[B]innovations[C]stopgaps[D]necessities15.[A]negligible[B]paramount[C]optional[D]obsolete16.[A]health[B]stability[C]activity[D]image17.[A]mandatory[B]sophisticated[C]buried[D]superficial18.[A]ignorance[B]passivity[C]mindfulness[D]impulsiveness19.[A]evaluation[B]rejection[C]acceptance[D]denial20.[A]and[B]but[C]so[D]orSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedafiercedebateregardingitsimpactonthecreativeindustries.Fordecades,creativitywasconsideredthefinalbastionofhumansuperiority—adomainwheremachinescouldnevertreadduetotheirlackofconsciousnessandemotionaldepth.However,theadventofgenerativeAI,capableofproducingstunningvisualart,composingsymphonies,andwritingcoherentprose,haschallengedthisassumption.ProponentsofAIinartarguethatthesetoolsarenotreplacinghumancreativitybutaugmentingit.TheyviewAIasasophisticatedpaintbrushoralimitlesslibraryofreferencematerial.Forinstance,architectscanuseAItogeneratethousandsofstructuralvariationsinseconds,selectingthemostviableonesforfurtherrefinement.This,theyclaim,democratizescreativitybyloweringthebarriertoentryforthosewithvisionbutperhapslackingtechnicalexecutionskills.However,theoppositionwarnsofa"hollowingout"ofthecreativeprofession.Ifanalgorithmcanproduceamarketinglogoorabackgroundillustrationforafractionofthecostofahumanfreelancer,theeconomicincentivetohirehumansdiminishes.Thisleadstoadevaluationofhumanlabor.Moreover,thereistheissueofauthorship.IfanAIcreatesamasterpiecebasedonadatasetofbillionsofhuman-madeimages,whoownsthecopyright?Theuserwhotypedtheprompt?Thedevelopersofthealgorithm?Ortheoriginalartistswhoseworkwasusedtotrainthemodel?Beyondeconomicsandlawliesaphilosophicalquestion:Canartwithoutintentbeconsideredart?Humanartisoftenareflectionofthehumancondition,bornofstruggle,joy,andlivedexperience.AnAIdoesnot"feel"sadnessorjoy;itsimplypredictsthenextpixelbasedonprobability.CriticsarguethatthislackofinternalexperiencerendersAIartfundamentallyinauthentic,ameresimulationofcreativityratherthantherealthing.Despitethesevalidconcerns,theintegrationofAIintocreativefieldsseemsirreversible.Thehistoryoftechnologyisrepletewithexamplesoftoolsthatinitiallydisplacedworkersbuteventuallycreatednewcategoriesofemployment.Thecameradidnotkillpainting;itgavebirthtoImpressionismandphotography.Similarly,AImayforcehumanartiststomoveawayfromrotetechnicalproductionandfocusmoreonconceptualdepthandemotionalresonance—areaswheremachinesstillstruggle.Thefutureofcreativitymaynotbeacompetitionbetweenhumansandmachines,butacollaborationwheretheuniquestrengthsofbothareleveraged.21.Theauthormentions"thefinalbastionofhumansuperiority"toshowthat______.[A]AIhasalreadysurpassedhumanintelligenceinmostfields.[B]creativitywastraditionallythoughttobeuniquelyhuman.[C]thedebateonAI’simpactisunnecessaryandfutile.[D]humanconsciousnessistoocomplextobesimulated.22.ProponentsofAIbelievethatthetechnology______.[A]posesathreattothelivelihoodofhumanartists.[B]requiresadvancedtechnicalskillstooperateeffectively.[C]enablespeopletorealizetheircreativevisionsmoreeasily.[D]producesartthatissuperiortohuman-madeworks.23.Theopposition’sconcernregarding"hollowingout"impliesafearthat______.[A]AIwillcreateamonopolyinthecreativeindustries.[B]thequalityofartwilldeclineduetoautomation.[C]humanartistswillloseeconomicopportunitiesandstatus.[D]AIwilleventuallydevelopconsciousnessandreplacehumans.24.ThephilosophicalquestionraisedinthefourthparagraphsuggeststhatAIartlacks______.[A]technicalcomplexity.[B]emotionalauthenticity.[C]popularappeal.[D]legalrecognition.25.Whichofthefollowingbestrepresentstheauthor’sviewonthefutureofAIinart?[A]Itwillinevitablyleadtothedisappearanceofhumanartists.[B]Itshouldbestrictlyregulatedtoprotecthumanjobs.[C]Itwilldrivehumanartiststoexploredeeperconceptualthemes.[D]Itismerelyapassingtrendsimilartoprevioustechnologicalfads.Text2Theglobalpushtowardsrenewableenergyhashighlightedacritical,yetoftenoverlooked,environmentaldilemma:thelifecycleimpactofgreentechnologyhardware.Solarpanels,windturbines,andelectricvehicle(EV)batteriesarethepillarsofalow-carbonfuture.However,theirproductionanddisposalpresentsignificantecologicalchallenges.Manufacturingthesecomponentsrequiresintensivemining.Asingleelectricvehicle,forexample,containsabatterythatdemandscobalt,lithium,nickel,andcopper.Theextractionofthesematerialsisenergy-intensiveandoftenenvironmentallydestructive.CobaltminingintheDemocraticRepublicofCongohasbeenlinkedtoseverewaterpollutionandhumanrightsabuses.Similarly,theproductionofpolysiliconforsolarpanelsishighlycarbon-intensive,ironicallycreatingacarbondebtthattakesyearsofoperationtopayoff.Furthermore,theissueofend-of-lifewasteislooming.Thefirstgenerationofmass-marketsolarpanelsandwindturbinesisreachingretirement.Currently,recyclinginfrastructureforthesecomplexdevicesiswoefullyinadequate.Solarpanelsarecomposedofglass,metal,andsiliconsandwichedwithtoxicplastics;separatingthesematerialsisdifficultandexpensive.Consequently,thevastmajorityofdecommissionedpanelsendupinlandfills,whereheavymetalscanleachintothesoil.Thisdoesnotmeanweshouldabandonthetransitiontogreenenergy.Theclimatecrisisremainsanexistentialthreatthatnecessitatesarapidmoveawayfromfossilfuels.However,a"circulareconomy"approachisessential.Thisinvolvesdesigningproductsforlongevity,repairability,andrecyclabilityfromtheoutset.Italsorequiresdevelopingrobustrecyclingindustriesthatcanrecovervaluablerawmaterials,therebyreducingtheneedforvirginmining.Governmentsandcorporationsarebeginningtorespond.TheEuropeanUnionhasproposedregulationsthatwouldmandateminimumlevelsofrecycledcontentinnewbatteries.SomeEVmanufacturersareexperimentingwith"second-life"applicationsforusedbatteries,suchasstoringenergyforthepowergrid.Yet,theseeffortsremainintheirinfancycomparedtothescaleoftheimpendingwaveofgreenwaste.Thepathforwardrequiresaholisticviewofsustainability.Wecannotsimplyswaponeextractiveindustry(oil)foranother(lithium)andcallitprogress.Truesustainabilitydemandsthatweaccountfortheentirefootprintofourenergysystems,fromtheminetothelandfill.Onlybyclosingtheloopcanweensurethatoursolutiontotheclimatecrisisdoesnotsowtheseedsofthenextenvironmentalcatastrophe.26.Thepassagefocusesprimarilyon______.[A]theeconomicbenefitsoftherenewableenergytransition.[B]theenvironmentalcostsassociatedwithgreentechnologyhardware.[C]theinefficiencyoffossilfuelscomparedtorenewables.[D]thehumanrightsabusesintheminingindustry.27.Thephrase"carbondebt"inthesecondparagraphrefersto______.[A]thefinancialcostofproducingsolarpanels.[B]theamountofcarbondioxidereleasedduringmanufacturing.[C]theloanstakenbycompaniestobuildgreeninfrastructure.[D]thepenaltyforfailingtomeetcarbonemissiontargets.28.Accordingtothetext,whyisrecyclinggreentechnologycurrentlydifficult?[A]Thereisnodemandforrecycledmaterials.[B]Thetechnologytoseparatecomponentsisundeveloped.[C]Thematerialsusedaretootoxictohandle.[D]Itischeapertodumptheminlandfills.29.Theauthorsuggeststhata"circulareconomy"approachinvolves______.[A]banningtheproductionofnewbatteries.[B]reducingtheoverallconsumptionofenergy.[C]designingproductsthatareeasiertorecycleandreuse.[D]shiftingfocusbacktofossilfuelstemporarily.30.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’stone?[A]Alarmistandpessimistic.[B]Balancedandsolution-oriented.[C]Highlycriticalofrenewableenergy.[D]Overlyoptimisticabouttechnologicalfixes.Text3Inthemid-20thcentury,urbanplanningwasdominatedbytheethosofmodernism:efficiency,functionality,andtheseparationofzones.Thisledtotheriseoftheautomobile-centriccity,wherevasthighwaysslicedthroughneighborhoodsandpedestrianswererelegatedtothemargins.Whilethismodelfacilitatedtherapidmovementofvehicles,ithadadetrimentaleffectonthesocialfabricofurbanlife.Streets,oncevibrantpublicspacesforinteraction,becameconduitsfortraffic.Overthepastfewdecades,aparadigmshifthasoccurred.Plannersandcitizensalikehavebeguntorecognizethevalueofthe"walkablecity."Thisconceptprioritizesthehumanexperienceovervehicularefficiency.Itadvocatesformixed-usedevelopments—wherehousing,shops,andofficescoexist—densenetworksofstreets,andhigh-qualitypublictransit.Thebenefitsofsuchanapproacharemanifold.First,walkablecitiesarehealthier.Residentsofwalkableneighborhoodstendtoengageinmorephysicalactivityaspartoftheirdailyroutine,leadingtolowerratesofobesityandcardiovasculardisease.Theairqualityisoftenbetterduetoreducedrelianceoncars.Second,theyareeconomicallyvibrant.Streetsthatencouragewalkingandcyclingboostfoottrafficforlocalbusinesses.Studieshaveconsistentlyshownthatpedestriansandcyclistsspendmoremoneyatlocalmerchantsthandrivers.Third,thereisthesocialdimension.Walkablestreetsfoster"weakties"—casualinteractionswithneighborsandstrangers—whicharecrucialforbuildingcommunitycohesionandtrust.Incontrast,isolated,car-dependentsuburbscanleadtosocialatomizationandloneliness.Thepresenceofpeopleonthestreetalsoincreases"eyesonthestreet,"aconceptpopularizedbyJaneJacobs,whichenhancessafetybydeterringcrime.However,retrofittingcar-centriccitiesintowalkableonesisnosmallfeat.Itrequirespoliticalwillandsignificantinvestment.Removinglanesoftraffictomakewayforbikelanesorwidersidewalksoftenfacesfierceoppositionfromcommutersandbusinessesaccustomedtothestatusquo.Moreover,issuesofgentrificationoftenarise;asneighborhoodsbecomemoredesirableandaccessible,propertyvaluesrise,potentiallydisplacinglong-term,lower-incomeresidents.Despitethesechallenges,themomentumtowardswalkabilityisgrowing.The"15-minutecity"concept,wherealldailynecessitiesarewithina15-minutewalkorbikeride,hasgainedtractionglobally,particularlyaftertheCOVID-19pandemichighlightedtheimportanceoflocalamenities.Aswelooktothefuture,thesuccessfulcitywilllikelybeonethatbalancesmobilitywithlivability,ensuringthattheurbanenvironmentservesthepeople,notjustthecars.31.Theauthorcontraststhe"modernist"citywiththe"walkable"citytoillustrate______.[A]theevolutionofurbandesignphilosophyovertime.[B]thetechnicaldifficultiesofbuildinghighways.[C]thedangersoflivingindenselypopulatedareas.[D]thesuperiorityofsuburbanlivingoverurbanlife.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisabenefitofawalkablecity?[A]Fastercommutesforofficeworkers.[B]Lowercostoflivingforresidents.[C]Improvedpublichealthoutcomes.[D]Eliminationoftrafficcongestion.33.Thephrase"eyesonthestreet"(Para.4)suggeststhatsafetyisimprovedby______.[A]theinstallationofsurveillancecameras.[B]thepresenceofpoliceofficersonpatrol.[C]thenaturalobservationbypedestriansandresidents.[D]theimplementationofstricttrafficlaws.34.Theauthormentionsgentrificationasapotentialchallengebecause______.[A]itmakesstreetstoocrowdedforwalking.[B]itcanleadtothedisplacementoforiginalinhabitants.[C]itreducestheeconomicviabilityoflocalshops.[D]itdiscouragesinvestmentinpublictransit.35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?[A]Theautomobile-centriccityisafailedmodelthatmustbeabandoned.[B]Walkablecitiesoffersignificantsocial,economic,andhealthbenefits.[C]Urbanplanningistoocomplextobeunderstoodbythegeneralpublic.[D]The15-minutecityistheonlyviablesolutionformodernurbanproblems.Text4Theconceptof"implicitbias"hasbecomeacentraltopicindiscussionsonsocialjusticeandorganizationalbehavior.Implicitbiasreferstotheunconsciousassociationsandattitudesthataffectourunderstanding,actions,anddecisions.Unlikeexplicitbiases,whichareconsciousandcontrollable,implicitbiasesoperateautomatically,oftenwithoutourawareness.Theyareshapedbyourupbringing,mediaexposure,andsocietalnorms.ResearchintoimplicitbiashasutilizedtoolsliketheImplicitAssociationTest(IAT),whichmeasuresthestrengthofassociationsbetweenconcepts(e.g.,flowers/insects)andevaluations(e.g.,good/bad).StudiesusingtheIAThaveconsistentlyshownthatamajorityofpeopleholdunconsciouspreferencesforcertainsocialgroups.Forexample,manyindividuals,regardlessoftheirstatedpoliticalbeliefs,demonstrateapro-whiteoranti-blackbias.Theimplicationsofimplicitbiasareprofound,particularlyinprofessionalsettings.Inhiringprocesses,resumeswith"white-sounding"namesoftenreceivemorecallbacksthanidenticalresumeswith"black-sounding"names.Inmedicine,doctorsmayunconsciouslytreatpaindifferentlyinpatientsofdifferentraces,leadingtodisparitiesincare.Inlawenforcement,split-seconddecisionscanbeinfluencedbyracialstereotypes,sometimeswithtragicconsequences.Giventhepervasivenatureofimplicitbias,thequestionbecomes:howcanwemitigateit?Initially,itwasbelievedthatsimplymakingpeopleawareoftheirbiaseswouldleadtochange.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatawarenessaloneisinsufficientandcansometimesbackfire,causingdefensivenessoranxiety.Furthermore,tryingtosuppressbiases—forcingoneselfnottothinkstereotypicalthoughts—canparadoxicallymakethemmoreaccessible.Effectivemitigationstrategiesrequireamorestructuralandbehavioralapproach.Onepromisingmethodis"counter-stereotypictraining."Exposingindividualstoexamplesthatcontradictprevalentstereotypes(e.g.,femaleCEOs,malenurses)canweakentheneuralpathwaysthatsupportbiasovertime.Anotherstrategyistoimplement"blind"evaluationproceduresinhiringandadmissions,removingidentifyinginformationthatcouldtriggerbias.Moreover,changingthedefaultbehaviorwithininstitutionsiscrucial.Insteadofrelyingonindividualwillpower,organizationsshoulddesignsystemsthatreducetheopportunityforbiastooperate.Thiscouldinvolvestructuredinterviewquestions,diversehiringpanels,andstandardizedevaluationcriteria.Byshiftingtheburdenoffairnessfromtheindividualtothesystem,wecancreateenvironmentsthataremoreequitable,regardlessoftheunconsciouspreferencesofthepeoplewithinthem.Whilewemaynevercompletelyeliminatethecognitiveshortcutsthatleadtobias,understandingandaddressingthemisacriticalsteptowardafairersociety.Itrequiresongoingvigilanceandacommitmenttobothpersonalintrospectionandsystemicreform.36.Implicitbiasdiffersfromexplicitbiasinthatit______.[A]isbasedonfactualevidence.[B]operateswithoutconsciousawareness.[C]iseasiertocontrolandchange.[D]isusuallydirectedagainstaspecificgroup.37.TheImplicitAssociationTest(IAT)isusedto______.[A]measurethestrengthofunconsciousassociations.[B]determineaperson'spoliticalaffiliation.[C]assesstheaccuracyofmedicaldiagnoses.[D]predictcriminalbehaviorinlawenforcement.38.Theauthormentionsthe"backfire"effecttoarguethat______.[A]peoplearegenerallyunawareoftheirownbiases.[B]suppressingstereotypescanmakethemstronger.[C]awarenessofbiasdoesnotalwaysleadtobehavioralchange.[D]organizationsareresistanttodiversitytraining.39.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedasastructuralsolutiontoimplicitbias?[A]Encouragingemployeestomeditatedaily.[B]Relyingonmanagers'gutfeelingsduringhiring.[C]Implementingstandardizedevaluationcriteria.[D]Askingindividualstohidetheirtruefeelings.40.Thepassageconcludesthatachievingfairnessrequires______.[A]thecompleteeliminationofcognitiveshortcuts.[B]afocussolelyonsystemicreform.[C]acombinationofindividualandsystemicefforts.[D]ignoringpersonalpreferencesinprofessionalsettings.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubtitlefromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubtitleswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]TheRoleofGutInstinct[B]TheIllusionofCompetence[C]TheImportanceofObjectiveMetrics[D]TheDunning-KrugerEffectExplained[E]StrategiesforAccurateSelf-Assessment[F]TheImpactofOverconfidence[G]TheValueofExternalFeedbackSelf-awarenessisoftenhailedasacornerstoneofemotionalintelligenceandprofessionalsuccess.However,psychologicalresearchsuggeststhatweareoftenremarkablypoorjudgesofourownabilitiesandperformance.Thisgapbetweenperceptionandrealitycanhaveseriousconsequencesforourpersonalandprofessionallives.41._____________________________OneofthemostrobustfindingsinpsychologyistheDunning-Krugereffect.Thiscognitivebiasoccurswhenindividualswithlowabilityatataskoverestimatetheirability.Essentially,theylackthecompetencetorealizetheyareincompetent.Conversely,highlycompetentindividualsoftenunderestimatetheirrelativeability,assumingthattaskswhichareeasyforthemareeasyforeveryone.Thiscreatesadoublecurse:theincompetentareconfident,whilethecompetentareplaguedbyself-doubt.42._____________________________Whydoesthishappen?Theprimaryculpritis"metacognition"—ourabilitytothinkaboutourownthinking.Toaccuratelyassessourskilllevel,weneedthesameknowledgeusedtoperformthetask.Ifyouarebadatgrammar,youlacktheknowledgetoidentifygrammaticalerrors,makingitimpossibleforyoutogaugehowbadyourwritingtrulyis.Youmistakeyourfamiliaritywiththelanguageformasteryoftherules.43._____________________________Theconsequencesofthismiscalibrationextendbeyondmereego.Intheworkplace,overconfidentemployeesmaytakeonprojectstheyareunqualifiedfor,leadingtofailuresthatcancostthecompanytimeandmoney.Intheacademicworld,studentswhoperformpoorlyonexamsoftenratetheirperformanceasexcellent,leavingthemshockedandunpreparedforthepoorgrades.Inextremecases,suchasdrivingormedicalprocedures,overconfidencecanbephysicallydangerous.44._____________________________So,howcanwebridgethegap?Oneeffectivemethodistocommittocontinuouslearningandtesting.Insteadofrelyingon"feelings"ofmastery,weshouldseekobjectivedata.Standardizedtests,peerreviews,andperformancemetricsprovidearealitycheckthatsubjectivefeelingscannot.Activelyseekingoutnegativefeedback,thoughpainful,isoneofthefastestwaystoidentifyblindspots.45._____________________________Furthermore,wemustbewaryof"fluency."Informationthatiseasytoprocessoftenfeelstrueandfamiliar,leadingustobelieveweunderstandaconceptwhenwemerelyrecognizeit.Tocombatthis,wecanemploytechniqueslike"FeynmanTechnique,"whereweattempttoexplainacomplexconceptinsimpleterms.Ifwestumble,itrevealsagapinourunderstanding.Accurateself-assessmentisnotagift;itisaskillthatmustbecultivatedthroughdisciplineandhumility.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Therapiddevelopmentofbiotechnologyinthe21stcenturyhasusheredinaneweraofmedicalpossibilities,butithasalsoreignitedage-oldethicaldebates.(46)Theabilitytoeditthehumangenome,oncethestuffofsciencefiction,isnowatangiblereality,forcingustoconfronttheboundariesofhumaninterventioninnature.AttheheartofthisdebateisthetechnologyknownasCRISPR-Cas9.(47)Thisgene-editingtoolactsasasortofmolecularscissors,capableofcuttingDNAatspecificlocationsandeitherremovingoraddinggeneticmaterial.Thepotentialtherapeuticapplicationsareimmense,rangingfromcuringgeneticdiseaseslikecysticfibrosistopreventinghereditaryconditions.(48)However,theprospectof"germlineediting"—makingchangestothehumangenomethatcanbepasseddowntofuturegenerations—raisesprofoundethicalandsafetyconcerns.Criticsarguethattamperingwiththegermlinecrossesadangerousethicalline.(49)Theyworrythatitcouldleadtoaslipperyslopewheregeneticenhancementsareusednotjusttocurediseases,buttocreate"designerbabies"withselectedtraitsforintelligence,height,orappearance.This,theyfear,wouldexacerbatesocialinequalitiesandintroduceanewformofeugenics.Moreover,thelong-termeffectsofeditingthegenomearenotfullyknown;anunintendedmutationcouldhavedisastrousconsequencesfortheindividualandtheirdescendants.Proponents,ontheotherhand,emphasizethemoralimperativetoalleviatesuffering.(50)Ifwehavethepowertopreventachildfromlivingalifeplaguedbygeneticillness,dowenothaveadutytouseit?Theyarguethatwithstrictregulationandrobustoversight,thebenefitscanoutweightherisks.Thechallengeforsocietyistostrikeabalancebetweenembracingscientificprogressandpreservingourfundamentalvalues.SectionIIIWritingPartA51.Directions:Supposeyouareamemberoftheuniversitylibrarycommittee.Thelibraryisplanningtopurchasenewbooksandresourcesforthecomingsemester.Writealettertothelibrariantomakesuggestions.Youshouldincludethefollowingdetails:1)Expressyoursupportforthelibrary'sdevelopment.2)Suggestspecificcategoriesofbooksorresources(e.g.,digitaldatabases,interdisciplinaryjournals).3)Explainthereasonsforyoursuggestions.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownnameorthenameoftheuniversity.Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould:1)Describethedrawingbriefly.2)Interpretthemeaning.3)Giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.[PictureDescription:Theimagedepictsalarge,complexmaze.Attheentrance,thereisayoungpersonholdin