选择性必修 第三册　Unit 4　Adversity and Courage

读写融合•重温教材考点聚焦•突破提升进阶演练•夯实基础(主题语境:人与自我之优秀品质)Unit4

AdversityandCourage写作提能•综合运用读写融合•重温教材

Asayoungmanofbothpassionand1.___________(endure),PerceBlackborowhadlongbeendreamingofdecentadventure.Sohedidn’tgive

upwhenSirErnestShackletonturned2.________

hisrequesttojointheexpedition.Percesecretlyhidhimselfinacupboard,onlytobefoundthreedaysaftertheysetoff.Hefelt3.__________(fortunately)andhappywhenhe4._____________(assign)asasteward

insteadofbeingsentbackhome.

endurancedownfortunatewasassignedItturnedouttobeatoughjourney.TheshipgotstuckintheiceastheyapproachedAntarcticaandtheyhadtoabandontheship.5.________

theguidanceofSirErnest,theythrewawaynearlyeverythingexceptnecessitiesandabanjo,6._______

kept

their

spirits

upduringthejourney.Survivalwasnoteasyandthingswent

from

bad7.____

worse.FinallySirErnestleftforSouthGeorgiaIslandinordertofindhelp.ThedesperatesituationmadeyoungPerceBlackborowfeeldownandbecomebad-tempered.ItwasthegenuineencouragementandconcernfromBlessFrankWildthatcheeredhimup.FrankandErnest’sresolveand8._____________(persevere)filledhimwithhope.9.__________

thatheshouldn’tbecome10._______(selfishness)justbecauseoftheadversitytheywerefacedwith,helearnedtobeoptimisticanddetermined.UnderwhichtoperseveranceRealizingselfish点评:本篇文本语篇亮点包括:onlytodo作结果状语;which引导非限制性定语从句;动词-ing形式短语作状语;强调句型等。考点聚焦•突破提升【重点单词】1.enthusiastic

adj.

热情的;热心的步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①Theactivitymadeastrongimpressiononusandarousedthe_____________(enthusiastic)ofusstudentsforvariousplants.②(2023·四省联考新课标适应性考试)Theyfiredher_____________(enthusiastic)forhelpingothers.③(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven’tbeenan_____________(enthusiasm)exerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.enthusiasmenthusiasmenthusiastic(1)beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.

对(做)……热情beenthusiastictodosth.

热衷于做某事(2)enthusiasm

n.热情;热忱have/keepenthusiasmfor

有/保持……的热情arousesb.’senthusiasm

激起某人的热情lack/befullofenthusiasm

缺乏/充满热情enthusiastically

adv.热情地;热心地withenthusiasm=enthusiastically

热情地写作微练完成句子④我不仅热情而且容易相处,这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。

(应用文写作之申请信)Iam___________________________________________________,whichmakesmequalified

forthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.

notonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalong/onwith2.assign

vt.分派;布置;分配;确定;转让步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(柯林斯词典)Theassessmentforthecourseinvolveswritten_____________(assign)andpracticaltests.②(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“We

sat

and

listened

to

the

waves

at

the

beach

for

a

while”______________(assign)thecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves”.

③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshort_____________(assign)tobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.assignmentswasassigned

assignments④(2022·浙江高考)I_____________(assign)toservethesaladwiththeladynexttome.

⑤(2022·浙江1月高考)Aboveall,Ihopedhewouldn’tassignme_________(work)withthefiercelycompetitiveandextremelyseriousfellowwhoalwaysworedarkclothesandapparentlyhadapersonalitytomatch.

(1)assignsb.sth.=assignsth.tosb.

安排/分配某事(物)给某人assignsb.to...

指派某人承担……;把某人分派到……assignsb.todosth.

指派某人做某事(2)assignment

n.任务;作业;分配wasassignedtowork写作微练完成句子⑥他认真对待交给他的每一项任务,并且他有很强的解决问题的能力。

(应用文写作之人物介绍)__________________________________________

andhasastrongabilitytosolveproblems.

Heisseriousabouteverytaskassignedtohim3.sink(sank/sunk,sunk,sinking)vi.

沉没;下沉;下降vt.使下沉;使沉没步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Writingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthe_________(sink)oftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.②(2023·浙江1月高考)Thesunwasbeginning_________(sink)asIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.

③Whenthemanheardtheship__________

intotheocean,hisheart______.(sink)

sinkingtosinkhadsunksanksinkinto/down

颓然坐下one’sheart/spiritssink

心情沉重;情绪低落asinkingfeeling/ship

颓丧感/沉船写作微练完成句子④悲伤如潮水一般涌来。他倒在椅子上,放声大哭。

(读后续写之情感描写)Grief/Sadness/Sorrowcameinwaves.______________________,cryinghiseyesout.

Hesankintothechair4.abandon

vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃;中止;陷入n.放任;放纵步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeel_____________(abandon).②(2020·江苏高考)LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthan_____________(abandon)them,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.abandonedabandoning(1)abandon(doing)sth.

放弃(做)某事abandononeselfto(doing)sth.

沉湎于(做)某事;纵情于(做)某事(2)abandoned

adj.被遗弃的;无约束的;无度的;放纵的beabandonedto(doing)sth.

沉湎于(做)某事(3)withabandon

纵情;放任地写作微练完成句子③他最后一句话深深地伤了她的心。她大哭起来,陷入绝望。

(读后续写之情感描写)Hislastsentencewentlikeabullettoherheart.__________________________________________________.

④面对这些愤怒的质问,他想说点什么,却一时语塞。

(读后续写之场景描写)Facedwiththeseangryquestions,hetriedtospeak,butforonce,_________________________.

Sheburstintotearsandabandonedherselftodespairhisvoiceabandonedhim5.resolve

vi.&

vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)n.决心;坚定的信念步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2024·北京高考)Conflictwasoften__________(resolve)inmusicalbattles.②Iresolved

_________(turn)downhisinvitationbecausemyteacherassignedtoomuchhomework.

(1)resolvetodosth.

决定做某事(2)resolution

n.决定;解决;决心makearesolutiontodo...

下定决心做……resolvedtoturn写作微练一句多译/完成句子③为了解决冲突,我们应该学会多沟通,并换位思考。

(应用文写作之建议信)

___________________,weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’shoes.

Toresolveconflicts【核心短语】6.turn

sb.down拒绝(某人)步入经典·即境活用用turn相关的短语填空①(2024·浙江1月高考)Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturned

______

a“minicommunitylibrary”:anypasser-bycan“borrow”abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.②(2024·浙江1月高考)Afterthat,shetriedtoseeifshecouldcompleteherfirstlap.Onelapturned

______

two,thenthree,thenfour.③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturn

____

thesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.intointototurnin上交turndown

调小turnup

出现;把音量调大turntosb.(forhelp)

求助于某人turnoff

关闭,停止turnon

打开,开启turninto

变成turnout

结果是;最终成为;变得写作微练句式升级④Becausehedidn’tmakefullpreparationsfortheinterview,hewas

refused.→_______________________________________________,he_________________.(非谓语动词作原因状语;turn短语)

Nothavingmadefullpreparationsfortheinterviewwasturneddown7.give

off

放出(热、光、气味或气体)步入经典·即境活用用give相关的短语填空①Itriedtopersuadehimthatjustbeingafraidofbeinglaughedatwasnoreasontogive

_____.②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Considergiving

_______

tothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.③(2024·九省联考)Peoplewereafraidtogive______

theircreditcardnumbers.upback

outgivein屈服;投降;让步;上交giveaway

赠送;泄露;丧失giveback

归还giveout

分发;用完,耗尽,精疲力竭giveup

放弃givewayto

让位于写作微练完成句子④那个周末,我们去了附近的一个养老院并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。

(应用文写作之活动介绍)Thatweekend,wewenttoanearbynursinghomeand___________________________

there.

gavethemawaytothepeople【经典句型】8.

If

it

weren’t

for

sea

animals,we

would

all

starve.(P44)如果没有海洋动物,我们都会挨饿。步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_________________(have)agoodtimetogether.

②(2023·全国乙卷)Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughthey________________(be)somuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.

③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iffoodwaste______(be)acountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.wouldhavehadcouldhavebeenwere虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用如下:假设虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might+动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(2)wereto+动词原形(3)should+动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形写作微练完成句子④要不是你的帮助,我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。

(应用文写作之感谢信)

_____________________________,Iwouldn’thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.

⑤要不是爸爸,我哪会有今天的成就。

(读后续写之情感描写)Ifitweren’tforDad,I_____________________________.

Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelpwouldn’tbewhereIamtoday【要点拾遗】1.envy

n.&

vt.羡慕;妒忌步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(牛津词典)Hesawthe__________(envy)lookintheotherboy’seyes.②Onlyshehasaccesstosuchpreciousresources,which___________(envy)byherfellows.

③Manypeopleenvied

me________(go)abroadforfurtherstudies,whichinfactwastochangemylife.④Iam_________

(envy)ofyou,becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.envious

isenvied

goingenvious(1)betheenvyofsb.成为某人羡慕/嫉妒的对象;为某人所羡慕outofenvy

出于嫉妒withenvy

羡慕地;嫉妒地greenwithenvy

嫉妒地眼红(2)envysb.sth.

羡慕/嫉妒某人的……envysb.doingsth.

羡慕/嫉妒某人做某事(3)envious

adj.羡慕的;妒忌的beenviousof...

羡慕/嫉妒……写作微练完成句子⑤我看到他那辆新汽车就非常眼红。

(读后续写之情感描写)Iwasabsolutely_________________

whenIsawhisnewcar.

⑥想到她得到我妈妈那么多的关爱,一股嫉妒之情如潮水般涌上我的心头。

(读后续写之心理描写)____________________________________________

whenIthoughtofhowmuchaffectionshehadreceivedfrommymother.

greenwithenvyAwaveofenvycameflooding/sweepingoverme2.guidance

n.指导;引导;导航步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththat_________(guide)visitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)The_________(guide)citytourstartsfromDamSquare.③(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexercise_______

the

guidance

ofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.④Underthe__________(guide)oftheirfather,theytookpositiveactionandstartedalloveragain.⑤Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted,andwealsoneedyour___________(guide)onourperformance.guidesguidedunderguidanceguidance(1)guidanceonsth./howtodosth.

关于(做)某事的指导under/withtheguidanceofsb.=under/withone’sguidance 在某人的指导下(2)guide

vt.给某人领路;指导;解释n.指南;向导guidesb.to...

领某人去……(to为介词)(3)aguideto...

关于……的指南写作微练完成句子⑥如果没有他的指导和鼓励,我不可能在市英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。

(应用文写作之感谢信)________________________________________________,Icouldn’thavewonthefirstplaceinthecityEnglishspeechcontest.

⑦在他们爸爸的悉心指导下,没过多久,法式烤面包和鸡肉粥就做好了。

(读后续写之动作描写)______________________________________________________________________________,itdidn’ttakelongbeforetheFrenchtoastandchickenporridgewereready.

HaditnotbeenforhisguidanceandencouragementUnderthecarefulguidanceoftheirfather/Withtheirfatherguidingthemcarefully3.make

fire

生火步入经典·即境活用用make短语填空①(2024·浙江1月高考)However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextratobenefitfrompricereductionsdoesn’tmake

_______.②(2024·浙江1月高考)Westillneedtotryontheactortomake

_______

everythingfitsandlooksgood.③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shewouldhavestruggledwithextremepaintomake

___

tothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.④(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemade

___

mistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.sensesureitamakeit

成功makesense

有意义;有道理;讲得通makealistof

列清单makesure

确保makeanappointment

约会;预约makeadifference

有影响makeamistake

犯错写作微练完成句子⑤无论如何都不要失去信心。坚持下去,你迟早会成功的。

(应用文写作之演讲稿)Innosenseshouldyouloseheart.Keeptryingand_____________________________.

⑥幸运的是,老师觉察到我的问题,告诉我每一件小事都有可能产生很大的影响。

(读后续写之主旨升华)Luckily,myteachersensedmyproblem,tellingmethat_________________________________________.

youwillmakeitsoonerorlatereverysmallthingcanmakeabigdifference进阶演练•夯实基础Ⅰ语境填空|高考探究体验1.(2024·北京高考)Oursocialinstincts(本能)includetheintensedesire___________(belong).

2.(2024·北京高考)Typically,_________(cruel)andcheatingarediscouraged,whilecooperation,humblenessandcouragearepraised.3.(2023·全国乙卷)She__________(qualify)asasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.4.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Iwasalwaysan_____________(enthusiasm)reader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.tobelongcrueltyqualifiedenthusiastic

5.(2021·全国甲卷)Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,______________(persevere),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”6.(2019·天津高考)Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthat______________(assign),butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofreading.

7.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Emmasaysit’schallengingtobeahealthexpert,becausepeoplecanbeeasilyinfluencedby________________(advertise)thatlackscientificsupport.8.Ihopethenewspaperwilldobetterandhavemore_______(loyalty)readers.perseverancewasassignedadvertisementsloyal9.(2022·浙江高考)Goodmanagement,likegoodparenting,isalong-term_______________(commit).10.______________,thelittleboygothislegbadlyhurtinthecaraccident.Andhehadtodropoutofschooltoseekhis_________

inbigcities.Whenworkinginacompany,he_____________

gotpromotedandbecamerich.(fortunate)commitmentUnfortunatelyfortunefortunatelyⅡ熟词生义/一词多义|攻克阅读障碍1.(2023·浙江1月高考)Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations. _________2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded. _________3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread. ___________vt.确定vt.布置n.洗碗槽4.(2019·天津高考)Erinhadgonebeyondwhatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,andforthatIwasextremelygrateful. _________5.Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied. _________adv.极其n.树皮6.roughA.汹涌的;风浪很大的B.崎岖的C.粗略的D.艰难的E.粗鲁的①Ican’ttoleratesailinginroughsea. _________②He’shadareallyroughtimerecently. _________

③(2023·全国甲卷)ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.

________④Theiceontheroughroadhasmeltedanditissafetodriveonitnow. ________⑤Heissucharoughchildthathedoesn’tbehavehimself. ________A

DCBE串词成篇|提升关键能力MynephewBillledadecentandcosylife,buthewasfullofvigourandoftenshowedgreatcourageinadversity.Beingparticularly1._____________(enthusiasm)aboutadventures,hehadbeendreamingofmakingavoyage.Atage21,Billresolved

2.________(join)anexpedition,wherehewasassigned3.____

astewardearningthelowestwage.Ona4._________(bitter)coldday,thecrewgotaboardashipboundforAfrica.Billwasgood-temperedandloyal

tohisduty.Moreover,hewasnotselfish,alwaysshowinggenuineconcernforothers.That’swhyeveryoneonboardlikedhim.5._______________(fortunate),theshipgotcrushedbyanicebergandwasabout6.________(sink).Atthiscriticalmoment,the7.___________(qualify)captainmadeaenthusiastictojoinasbitterlyUnfortunatelytosinkqualifiedcommitment

totakethecrewtosafety,expectingthemnever8.___________(abandon)thehopeofsurvival.All9.___________(belonging)werethrownawayexceptforthesmallboats,food,stovesandblankets.Theylandedonadesertislandafterthreedaysatsea.Youcouldn’timaginehowmuchtheyhadsufferedinsuchcruelconditions.Itwastheirdisciplineandteamspiritaswellastheir10.____________(endure)andperseverance

thatcountedfortheirultimatesurvival.Amonthlater,theywererescuedbyapassingship.ItwasamiserablebutunforgettableepisodeinBill’slife.

toabandonbelongingsendurance写作提能•综合运用应用文写作提分练|困境与勇气(2024·广东模拟)你校英文报正在组织作文比赛,请你以“FailureIsNotNecessarilyBad”为题写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:1.你的理解;2.举例说明。注意:写作词数应为80左右。Step

1

辨模式(Patterns)Step

2

明实例(Examples)1.连词成句①人们常常为失败感到悲伤,因此不惜一切代价试图避免失败。Peopleoften________________________

thustheytrytoavoidit____________.

②我们对待它的态度很重要。Ourattitude__________

itcounts.③因此,我们应该把失败当作垫脚石而不是障碍。Thus,weshould________________________________________________.

④以我自己为例。_______

myself_______________.

feelsorrowfulforfailureatanycosttowardstreatfailureasasteppingstoneinsteadofasablockTakeasanexample⑤渐渐地,我取得了进步,并取得了最后的成功。____________,I_______________

and_________________________.

⑥从这次经历中,我学到了重要的一课,那就是永不放弃。I__________________________

aboutnevergivingupfromtheexperience.

⑦简而言之,失败并不一定是坏事。Inbrief,___________________________.

Byandbymadeprogressachievedmyfinalsuccesslearntanimportantlessonfailureisnotnecessarilybad2.句式升级⑧将①使用现在分词短语作伴随状语改写。Peopleoften________________________,thus___________________________.

⑨将②使用强调句型改写。____________________________________.

ItisourattitudetowardsitthatcountsfeelsorrowfulforfailuretryingtoavoiditatanycostStep

3

会实践(Practice)背诵默写连句成篇Peopleoftenfeelsorrowfulforfailure,thustryingtoavoiditatanycost.However,indailylife,failureisunavoidable.Itisourattitudetowardsitthatcounts.Thus,weshouldtreatfailureasasteppingstoneinsteadofasablock.Takemyselfasanexample.Iusedtodopoorlyinmath,howeverhardItried.Repeatedfailureinthesubjectwasablowtomyconfidence.Ineverthoughtofgivingup,though.Ibegantoreflectonmyfailure.Byandby,Imadeprogressandachievedmyfinalsuccess.Ilearntanimportantlessonaboutnevergivingupfromtheexperience.Inbrief,failureisnotnecessarilybad.读后续写提能练|困境与勇气辨模式困境与勇气1.故事背景设定:通常以一个主角面临某种困境作为故事的开端,这个困境往往与“人与自我”“人与自然”或“人与社会”的主题相关。主角可能是普通人,在特定情境下展现出勇气2.情节发展紧凑:故事情节紧凑且逻辑清晰,主角在困境中经历挑战、挣扎,逐渐展现出克服困难的勇气。过程中会详细描绘主角的心理活动、动作和语言,以体现其勇气和成长3.情感线索鲜明:情感线索贯穿整个故事,主角从最初的困惑、恐惧或绝望,到鼓起勇气面对困境,再到最终克服困难,情感变化丰富且合理辨模式困境与勇气4.结局积极向上:故事结局通常是主角通过勇气战胜了困境,实现了自我超越或成长。这种积极向上的结局符合社会主义核心价值观,能够激励读者5.语言风格一致:续写部分的语言风格需要与原文保持一致,包括词汇选择、句式结构和语气等。同时,要求语言生动、形象、具体,通过细致入微的描写增强表达效果