全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级全真模拟试题(山东省枣庄市2026年上半年)

全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级全真模拟试题(山东省枣庄市2026年上半年)SectionIListeningComprehensionPartADirections:Youwillheararecordedconversation.Listentoitandfillinthemissinginformation.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheAnswerSheet.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Conversation1M:Goodmorning,ProfessorSmith.I’mdoingaresearchpaperontheimpactofurbangreenspacesonmentalhealth.Couldyousparemeafewminutes?W:Ofcourse,David.That’safascinatingtopic.Whatspecificallywouldyouliketoknow?M:I’vecollecteddatafromfivemajorcities,butI’mstrugglingwiththedataanalysispart.ShouldIfocusonthecorrelationbetweenparkvisitfrequencyandstresslevels?W:Thatsoundslikeasolidapproach.However,youmightalsowanttoconsiderthevariableof“durationofstay”intheparks.Sometimesthelengthoftimespentinnatureismoresignificantthanjustthefrequencyofvisits.M:That’sagreatpoint.Ihadn’tthoughtofthat.I’lladjustmysurveytoincludetheaveragetimerespondentsspendpervisit.W:Good.Also,makesuretodefineyourdemographicclearly.Areyoulookingatadults,teenagers,ortheelderly?Theimpactvariessignificantlyacrossagegroups.M:I’mfocusingonworkingprofessionalsaged25to40.W:Excellent.Thatdemographicoftensuffersfromhigh-stressenvironments.BesuretosubmityourdraftbynextFridaysowecanreviewthemethodology.1.Thetopicoftheman’sresearchpaperistheimpactof__________onmentalhealth.2.Themanwasstrugglingwiththe__________partofhisresearch.3.Theprofessorsuggestsincludingthevariableof“__________”intheparks.4.Thespecificdemographicthemanisfocusingonisworkingprofessionalsaged__________.PartBDirections:Youwillheararecordedpassage.ListentoitandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Passage1Welcometotoday’ssessiononsustainablearchitecture.Today,wewillexploretheconceptofpassivesolardesign.Unlikeactivesolarpowersystems,whichusepanelstocollectandconvertsunlightintoelectricity,passivesolardesignreliesonthearchitecturalstructureitselftocollect,store,anddistributeheat.Thebasicprincipleissimple:orientingabuildingtofacethesun,usinglargewindowsonthesouth-facingsidetoletinmaximumsunlightduringwinter,anddesigningoverhangsthatblockthehighsummersun.Materialswithhighthermalmass,likeconcreteorstone,areoftenusedinfloorsandwalls.Thesematerialsabsorbheatduringthedayandreleaseitslowlyatnight,maintainingaconsistentindoortemperature.Thisapproachnotonlydrasticallyreducesenergyconsumptionbutalsolowersutilitybills.However,itrequiresmeticulousplanningandisbestintegratedduringtheinitialconstructionphaseratherthanasaretrofit.5.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenpassivesolardesignandactivesolarpowersystems?A.Passivedesignusespanels,whileactivedesignusesstructuralmaterials.B.Passivedesignreliesonthebuilding'sstructure,whileactivedesignusesmechanicalpanels.C.Passivedesignisforcooling,whileactivedesignisforheating.D.Passivedesignismoreexpensivethanactivedesign.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthefunctionofmaterialswithhighthermalmass?A.Theygenerateelectricityfromsunlight.B.Theyblockthesummersunfromenteringthebuilding.C.Theyabsorbheatduringthedayandreleaseitatnight.D.Theyareusedtoconstructsolarpanels.7.Whatisadisadvantageorlimitationofpassivesolardesignmentionedinthespeaker?A.Itcannotbeusedincoldclimates.B.Itincreasesutilitybillssignificantly.C.Itisbestimplementedduringtheinitialconstructionphase.D.Itrequiresactivemechanicalventilationsystems.SectionIIUseofEnglishReadthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Theconceptof"digitalminimalism"hasgainedconsiderabletractioninrecentyears,emergingasanecessaryantidotetothepervasiveinfluenceoftechnology.Inanerawhereourattentionisconstantly8bynotifications,socialmediafeeds,andendlessstreamsofinformation,manyindividualsfindthemselvesexperiencingaprofoundsenseof9exhaustion.Digitalminimalismdoesnot10theuseoftechnology;rather,itadvocatesforamoreintentionalandselectiveapproachtoourdigitallives.Thephilosophy11thatweshouldevaluatethedigitaltoolsweuseanddiscardthosethatdonotbring12valuetoourlives.CalNewport,aprominent13ofthismovement,arguesthatbyreducingourscreentime,wecanreclaimourtimeand14ondeep,meaningfulworkandrelationships.However,adoptingthislifestyleisnotwithoutits15.Themodernworkplaceoften16constantconnectivity,makingitdifficultforemployeestocompletely17fromdigitalplatforms.Furthermore,thepsychological18builtintomanyapplicationsaredesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,creatingacycleof19thatishardtobreak.Tosuccessfullyimplementdigitalminimalism,expertsrecommendstartingwithathirty-daydigitaldeclutter.Duringthisperiod,individuals20alloptionaltechnologiesfromtheirlives,only21thembackonebyoneiftheyserveadeeplyvaluedpurpose.Thisrigorousprocess18allowsindividualstobreakfreefromthe22ofmindlessscrollingandrediscoverofflineactivitiesthatbringgenuinesatisfaction.Ultimately,digitalminimalismisnotaboutrejectingthedigitalage,butaboutmasteringit23lettingitmasteryou.8.A.attractedB.divertedC.fragmentedD.captured9.A.cognitiveB.physicalC.emotionalD.social10.A.prohibitB.rejectC.dictateD.regulate11.A.impliesB.assertsC.speculatesD.denies12.A.monetaryB.superficialC.intrinsicD.marginal13.A.advocateB.criticC.opponentD.observer14.A.relyB.insistC.focusD.depend15.A.benefitsB.challengesC.opportunitiesD.consequences16.A.prohibitsB.demandsC.avoidsD.limits17.A.engageB.downloadC.disconnectD.subscribe18.A.tricksB.flawsC.algorithmsD.designs19.A.dependencyB.productivityC.creativityD.efficiency20.A.removeB.adoptC.integrateD.retain21.A.takingB.bringingC.puttingD.reintroducing22.A.habitB.addictionC.routineD.pattern23.A.insteadofB.ratherthanC.bymeansofD.incaseofSectionIIIReadingComprehensionReadthefollowingtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Text1TheadventofArtificialIntelligence(AI)inthecreativeindustrieshassparkedacontentiousdebateregardingthenatureofartandauthorship.AI-generatedart,createdthroughalgorithmsthatanalyzeandreplicatethestylesofexistingartworks,challengesourtraditionalunderstandingofcreativity.ProponentsarguethatAIismerelyanewtoolintheartist’srepertoire,akintothecameraorthedigitalpaintbrush.Theyclaimthatthehumanwhoinputsthepromptandselectstheoutputisthetrueartist,andtheAIissimplyexecutingtheirvision.However,criticsarguethatthisperspectiveoverlooksacrucialelementofart:thehumanexperience.Traditionalartisnotjustaboutthefinalvisualoutput;itisacommunicationofemotion,struggle,andperspective.Analgorithm,nomatterhowsophisticated,doesnotfeel.Itdoesnotunderstandthepainofaheartbreakorthejoyofasunrise;itmerelyrecognizespixelpatternsandcolordistributionsthatcorrespondtotheseconceptsbasedonitstrainingdata.Furthermore,thelegalimplicationsofAIartarestilllargelyunresolved.IfanAIistrainedonthousandsofcopyrightedimages,whoownstheresultinggeneratedartwork?Theoriginalartists,theprogrammerswhocreatedtheAI,ortheuserwhoinputtedtheprompt?Thesequestionsarecurrentlycloggingupcourtroomsandchallengingintellectualpropertylaws.Despitethesecontroversies,theproliferationofAIinartisundeniable.Itforcesustoconfrontafundamentalquestion:Isartdefinedbytheprocessofitscreationorbytheaestheticvalueofitsfinalproduct?AsAIcontinuestoevolve,ourdefinitionofartmayhavetoevolvewithit.24.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainargumentoftheproponentsofAI-generatedart?A.AIartwilleventuallyreplacetraditionalartforms.B.AIisjustanothertool,andthehumanprompteristheartist.C.AIcanfeelemotionsbetterthanhumanartists.D.AIartshouldnotbesubjecttointellectualpropertylaws.25.WhydocriticsbelieveAI-generatedartlacksacrucialelement?A.BecauseAIalgorithmsaretechnicallyflawed.B.BecauseAIcannotreplicatethevisualoutputaccurately.C.BecauseAIlacksthehumanexperienceandemotionaldepth.D.BecauseAIartislegallycontestedandsubjecttocopyrightissues.26.Whatdoestheword"contentious"inthefirstsentencemostlikelymean?A.Controversialandcausingdisagreement.B.Settledanduniversallyaccepted.C.Financiallyprofitable.D.Technologicallyobsolete.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofartbasedonthepassage?A.Traditionalartwillcompletelydisappear.B.Intellectualpropertylawswillbeabolished.C.Thedefinitionofartmayneedtobereevaluated.D.AIwilleventuallydevelophuman-likeemotions.Text2Theglobaltransitiontowardsrenewableenergyisaccelerating,drivenbytheurgentneedtomitigateclimatechange.Amongthevarioussourcesofrenewableenergy,hydrogenhasemergedasahighlypromisingcandidate,particularlyfordecarbonizingsectorsthataredifficulttoelectrify,suchasheavyindustryandlong-haultransportation.However,notallhydrogeniscreatedequal.Theenvironmentalimpactofhydrogendependsentirelyonhowitisproduced."Greyhydrogen,"currentlythemostcommontype,isderivedfromnaturalgasthroughaprocesscalledsteammethanereforming.Thisprocessishighlycarbon-intensive."Bluehydrogen"attemptstoaddressthisbycapturingandstoringthecarbonemissionsproducedduringthecreationofgreyhydrogen.Whileanimprovement,itstillreliesonfossilfuelsandthecarboncapturetechnologyisnotyetperfect.Theultimategoalis"greenhydrogen."Thisisproducedbyusingrenewableelectricity—suchassolarorwindpower—tosplitwaterintohydrogenandoxygenthroughaprocesscalledelectrolysis.Becauseitreliesonrenewableenergyandproducesnocarbonemissions,greenhydrogenistrulysustainable.Theprimaryobstacletothewidespreadadoptionofgreenhydrogeniscost.Currently,producinggreenhydrogenissignificantlymoreexpensivethangreyorbluehydrogen.Furthermore,theinfrastructurerequiredtostore,transport,andutilizehydrogenisvastlydifferentfromexistingnaturalgasinfrastructure,requiringmassivecapitalinvestment.Despitethesehurdles,theresearchersquantifythepotentialeconomicimpactusingthemodel=(×)+,whererepresentsthevolumeproducedatfacilityi,isthecostfactor,and28.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweengreyhydrogenandgreenhydrogen?A.Greyhydrogenisusedinheavyindustry,whilegreenhydrogenisusedintransportation.B.Greyhydrogenisproducedfromfossilfuels,whilegreenhydrogenisproducedusingrenewableenergy.C.Greyhydrogenismoreexpensivetoproducethangreenhydrogen.D.Greyhydrogenproducesoxygen,whilegreenhydrogenproducescarbon.29.Whyisbluehydrogenconsideredonlyanimprovement,notaperfectsolution?A.Itdoesnotuseanyformofcarboncapture.B.Itreliesonfossilfuelsanditscarboncaptureisimperfect.C.Itrequiresexcessiveamountsofwater.D.Itistooexpensivetoproducecurrently.30.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebiggestbarriertothewidespreaduseofgreenhydrogen?A.Lackofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwind.B.Thecostofproductionandinfrastructurerequirements.C.Theinefficiencyoftheelectrolysisprocess.D.Resistancefromthenaturalgasindustry.31.Whatdoesthemathematicalformulaprovidedinthepassagesuggest?A.Theeconomicimpactofgreenhydrogendependsonproductionvolume,costfactors,andinfrastructurecosts.B.Greenhydrogenwillimmediatelyreplacegreyhydrogenduetolowercosts.C.Infrastructurecostsarenegligiblecomparedtoproductioncosts.D.Thecostofrenewableelectricityisincreasing.Text3Thehumanmicrobiome,thevastcollectionofmicroorganismsresidinginandonourbodies,hasbecomeafocalpointofmodernmedicalresearch.Onceviewedmerelyaspassivepassengers,thesemicrobesarenowrecognizedasactiveparticipantsinourphysiologicalprocesses.Thegutmicrobiome,inparticular,hasbeenlinkedtoeverythingfromdigestionandimmunesystemregulationtomentalhealth.Theconnectionbetweenthegutandthebrain,knownasthegut-brainaxis,hasrevolutionizedourunderstandingofneurologicaldisorders.Researchershavefoundthatthecompositionofgutbacteriainpatientssufferingfromdepressionandanxietydifferssignificantlyfromthatofhealthyindividuals.Whilethiscorrelationdoesnotnecessarilyimplycausation,experimentsinvolvingfecalmicrobiotatransplantsinmicehaveshownthattransferringgutbacteriafromadepressedhumantoahealthymousecaninducedepressive-likebehaviorsintheanimal.Thisgroundbreakingresearchsuggeststhatourdiet,whichdirectlyshapesourgutmicrobiome,mayhaveamuchmoreprofoundimpactonourmentalwell-beingthanpreviouslythought.ThestandardWesterndiet,highinprocessedfoodsandsugars,isknowntodecreasemicrobialdiversityinthegut,aconditionlinkedtovariousinflammatorydiseases.Conversely,adietrichinfiberandfermentedfoodspromotesadiverseandrobustmicrobiome.However,thefieldofmicrobiomeresearchisstillinitsinfancy.Theexactmechanismsbywhichthesemicrobescommunicatewiththebrainremainunclear.Researchershypothesizethattheymayproduceneurotransmitters,regulateinflammation,orstimulatethevagusnerve.Untilthesemechanismsarefullyunderstood,manipulatingthemicrobiomeformentalhealthtreatmentremainsexperimental.32.Whatwasthetraditionalviewofthemicroorganismslivinginthehumanbody?A.Theywereconsideredactiveparticipantsinphysiologicalprocesses.B.Theywereconsideredpassivepassengers.C.Theywereknowntodirectlycausementalillnesses.D.Theywerebelievedtoonlyaffectthedigestivesystem.33.Whatdoestheexperimentinvolvingfecalmicrobiotatransplantsinmicedemonstrate?A.Thathealthymicecancuredepressedhumans.B.Thatgutbacteriacaninfluenceneurologicalbehavior.C.Thatmiceandhumanshaveidenticalmicrobiomes.D.Thatdepressioniscausedbyalackoffiber.34.Howdoestheauthordescribethecurrentstateofmicrobiomeresearch?A.Itisfullydevelopedandreadyforclinicalapplication.B.Itisinitsearlystagesandmechanismsarestillunclear.C.Ithasproventhatdietisthesolecauseofdepression.D.Ithasshiftedfocusawayfromthebraintothegut.35.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthetext?A.Thehumanmicrobiomeisonlyrelevanttodigestivehealth.B.Fecaltransplantsarethemosteffectivetreatmentfordepression.C.Thegutmicrobiomemayplayasignificantroleinoverallhealth,includingmentalwell-being,thoughresearchisongoing.D.TheWesterndietistheprimarycauseofallinflammatorydiseases.Text4Inthecontemporarycorporatelandscape,theconceptofemotionalintelligence(EI)hasemergedasacriticalmetricforleadershipeffectiveness.WhiletraditionalmetricslikeIntelligenceQuotient(IQ)andtechnicalskillswerehistoricallyprioritized,contemporarystudiesconsistentlydemonstratethathighEIisastrongerpredictorofsuccessinmanagementroles.Emotionalintelligenceencompassesfourprimarydomains:self-awareness,self-management,socialawareness,andrelationshipmanagement.Leaderswithhighself-awarenessunderstandtheirownemotions,strengths,andweaknesses,allowingthemtomakedecisionswithoutbeingcloudedbyegooruncheckedbiases.Self-managementbuildsuponthisbyenablingleaderstocontrolimpulsivereactionsandadapttochangingcircumstanceswithresilience.Socialawareness,oftenmanifestingasempathy,allowsaleadertoreadtheemotionalcurrentsofagroup,understandingtheunspokenconcernsofemployees.Finally,relationshipmanagementinvolvesusingthisemotionaldatatoinspire,influence,anddevelopothers,therebyfosteringacollaborativeandproductiveworkenvironment.DespitetheacknowledgedimportanceofEI,manyorganizationsstruggletointegrateitintotheirhiringandpromotionprocesses.Theprimarychallengeliesinmeasurement;unlikeIQ,whichcanbereliablyassessedthroughstandardizedtests,EIisinherentlysubjectiveandsituational.Manyself-reportEItestsexist,buttheyaresusceptibleto"fakinggood,"wherecandidatesexaggeratetheiremotionalcompetencetoappearmoreappealing.Consequently,organizationsareincreasinglyturningtobehavioralinterviewsandsituationaljudgmenttests,whichevaluateEIbasedonpastactionsandresponsestohypotheticalscenarios,providingamorerobustassessmentofacandidate’strueemotionalcapabilities.36.Accordingtothepassage,whyisemotionalintelligenceconsideredabetterpredictorofmanagementsuccessthanIQ?A.BecauseIQisnolongerimportantinthecorporateworld.B.BecauseEIencompassesselfandsocialawarenesswhicharecrucialforleadership.C.BecauseEIiseasiertomeasurethanIQ.D.BecauseleaderswithhighIQtendtomakeimpulsivedecisions.37.Whatistherelationshipbetweenself-awarenessandself-management?A.Self-managementismoreimportantthanself-awareness.B.Self-awarenessisirrelevanttoself-management.C.Self-managementbuildsuponthefoundationofself-awareness.D.Theyareentirelyunrelatedconcepts.38.Whatdoestheterm"fakinggood"meaninthecontextofthepassage?A.Candidatesperformingwellinbehavioralinterviews.B.Candidatesexaggeratingtheiremotionalcompetenceonself-reporttests.C.OrganizationspretendingtovalueEI.D.Leadershidingtheirtrueemotionsfromemployees.39.Whyareorganizationsmovingawayfromself-reportEItests?A.Theyaretooexpensivetoadminister.B.Theyaresubjectiveandcanbeeasilymanipulatedbycandidates.C.TheyfailtotestIQsimultaneously.D.Theytaketoomuchtimetocomplete.40.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthistext?A.ToarguethatIQshouldbecompletelyreplacedbyEItests.B.ToexplainthecomponentsofEIandthechallengesofmeasuringitincorporatesettings.C.Toprovideastep-by-stepguideonhowtodevelopemotionalintelligence.D.Tocriticizethecorporateworldforovervaluingtechnicalskills.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandtranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Theconceptofthe"SmartCity"hasevolvedfromafuturisticvisionintoatangiblerealityformanyurbancentersworldwide.41.Atitscore,asmartcityutilizesinformationandcommunicationtechnologies(ICT)toenhancethequalityandperformanceofurbanservices,suchasenergy,transportation,andutilities.Theprimaryobjectiveistoreduceresourceconsumption,decreaseenvironmentaldegradation,andimprovetheoveralllivingconditionsofitscitizens.42.However,theimplementationofsmartcitytechnologiesisnotwithoutitscritics,whoraisevalidconcernsregardingdataprivacyandsurveillance.Asmillionsofsensorsaredeployedacrossthecity,collectingdataoneverythingfromtrafficpatternstoindividualenergyusage,thepotentialformisuseofthisdatabecomesasignificantethicalissue.43.Furthermore,thereisagrowingdigitaldivide;whiletech-savvyresidentsmaythriveinahighlydigitizedenvironment,vulnerablepopulationsmightfindthemselvesexcludedfromessentialservicesthathavemigratedentirelyonline.Toaddressthesechallenges,urbanplannersemphasizethatbeing"smart"isnotjustabouttechnologicaladoption,butaboutcreatinginclusive,citizen-centricpolicies.44.Atrulysmartcitymustbalancetechnologicalinnovationwithrobustlegalframeworksthatprotectpersonalprivacyandensureequitableaccesstodigitalinfrastructure.45.Onlythroughthisholisticapproachcansmartcitiesfulfilltheirpromiseofcreatingsustainable,resilient,andlivableurbanspacesforallresidents,ratherthanmerelyservingasshowcasesoftechnologicalprowess.SectionIVWritingDirections:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsbasedonthefollowingtopic.Inrecentyears,theriseofshort-videoplatforms(suchasTikTok,Kuaishou,etc.)hasprofoundlychangedthewaypeopleconsumeinformationandentertainthemselves.Somepeoplearguethatshortvideosprovideaconvenientandefficientwaytolearnnewthingsandrelax.However,othersbelievetheyleadtofragmentedattention,addiction,andadecreaseindeepthinkingabilities.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Providereasonsandexamplestosupportyourargument.参考答案及解析SectionIListeningComprehension1.urbangreenspaces2.dataanalysis3.durationofstay4.25to405.B6.C7.C【听力原文及解析】Conversation1M:Goodmorning,ProfessorSmith.I’mdoingaresearchpaperontheimpactofurbangreenspacesonmentalhealth.Couldyousparemeafewminutes?W:Ofcourse,David.That’safascinatingtopic.Whatspecificallywouldyouliketoknow?M:I’vecollecteddatafromfivemajorcities,butI’mstrugglingwiththedataanalysispartofhisresearch.ShouldIfocusonthecorrelationbetweenparkvisitfrequencyandstresslevels?W:Thatsoundslikeasolidapproach.However,youmightalsowanttoconsiderthevariableofdurationofstayintheparks.Sometimesthelengthoftimespentinnatureismoresignificantthanjustthefrequencyofvisits.M:That’sagreatpoint.Ihadn’tthoughtofthat.I’lladjustmysurveytoincludetheaveragetimerespondentsspendpervisit.W:Good.Also,makesuretodefineyourdemographicclearly.Areyoulookingatadults,teenagers,ortheelderly?Theimpactvariessignificantlyacrossagegroups.M:I’mfocusingonworkingprofessionalsaged25to40.W:Excellent.Thatdemographicoftensuffersfromhigh-stressenvironments.BesuretosubmityourdraftbynextFridaysowecanreviewthemethodology.解析：对话围绕学生关于“城市绿地对心理健康的影响”的研究论文展开。第1题考查研究主题，注意捕捉关键短语urbangreenspaces。第2题考查学生遇到的困难，教授提到他在dataanalysis部分感到挣扎。第3题考查教授的建议，教授明确指出应该考虑“durationofstay”（停留时间）这一变量。第4题考查研究受众，男士明确指出他关注的是25到40岁的职场人士，注意填入数字时保持格式准确。Passage1Welcometotoday’ssessiononsustainablearchitecture.Today,wewillexploretheconceptofpassivesolardesign.Unlikeactivesolarpowersystems,whichusepanelstocollectandconvertsunlightintoelectricity,passivesolardesignreliesonthearchitecturalstructureitselftocollect,store,anddistributeheat.Thebasicprincipleissimple:orientingabuildingtofacethesun,usinglargewindowsonthesouth-facingsidetoletinmaximumsunlightduringwinter,anddesigningoverhangsthatblockthehighsummersun.Materialswithhighthermalmass,likeconcreteorstone,areoftenusedinfloorsandwalls.Thesematerialsabsorbheatduringthedayandreleaseitslowlyatnight,maintainingaconsistentindoortemperature.Thisapproachnotonlydrasticallyreducesenergyconsumptionbutalsolowersutilitybills.However,itrequiresmeticulousplanningandisbestintegratedduringtheinitialconstructionphaseratherthanasaretrofit.解析：第5题考查被动式太阳能设计与主动式太阳能系统的区别。文中明确指出被动式设计依赖建筑结构本身，而主动式系统使用机械面板。故选B。第6题考查高热容材料的功能。文中指出这些材料在白天吸收热量，在夜晚缓慢释放，以保持室内温度恒定。故选C。第7题考查被动式太阳能设计的局限性。文章最后一句提到它需要细致的规划，并且最好在初始施工阶段整合，而不是作为改造项目。故选C。SectionIIUseofEnglish8.Dcaptured。解析：本题考查动词辨析。句子意为“在这个注意力不断被通知、社交媒体信息流和无尽的信息流所______的时代”，attracted（被吸引）、diverted（被转移）、fragmented（被碎片化）、captured（被捕获、被占据）。结合语境，此处表达注意力被这些数字内容所“占据/捕获”最符合语境。9.Acognitive。解析：本题考查形容词辨析。由于前文提到注意力和数字信息过载，这里人们经历的是“认知”耗竭。cognitiveexhaustion（认知疲劳）是心理学常见术语，比physical（身体的）、emotional（情感的）或social（社交的）更贴切。10.Aprohibit。解析：本题考查动词辨析。数字极简主义“并不禁止”技术的使用，而是提倡更有意图的使用方法。prohibit（禁止）符合句意。11.Basserts。解析：本题考查动词辨析。该哲学理念“主张/断言”我们应该评估数字工具。asserts（断言、主张）最符合逻辑。12.Cintrinsic。解析：本题考查形容词辨析。评估并抛弃那些不能给我们的生活带来“内在”价值的数字工具。intrinsic（内在的、本质的）价值最符合语境。13.Aadvocate。解析：本题考查名词辨析。CalNewport是该运动的杰出“倡导者”。advocate意为“拥护者、倡导者”。14.Cfocus。解析：本题考查动词搭配。focuson意为“专注于”，句意为“重新夺回我们的时间，专注于深度、有意义的工作和人际关系”。15.Bchallenges。解析：本题考查名词辨析。后文提到职场要求持续在线，说明这种生活方式并非没有“挑战”。16.Bdemands。解析：本题考查动词辨析。现代职场经常“要求”持续的在线状态。17.Cdisconnect。解析：本题考查动词辨析。因为职场要求在线，所以员工很难完全“断开连接”。18.Calgorithms。解析：本题考查名词辨析。应用程序内置的心理“算法”旨在最大化用户参与度。19.Adependency。解析：本题考查名词辨析。算法创造了难以打破的“依赖”循环。20.Aremove。解析：本题考查动词辨析。在30天的清理期，人们从生活中“移除”所有非必要技术。21.Dreintroducing。解析：本题考查动词辨析。只有在能服务于深层价值时，才将它们“重新引入”。22.Baddiction。解析：本题考查名词辨析。打破无意识滑屏的“成瘾”习惯。habit（习惯）、routine（常规）、pattern（模式）程度不如addiction深刻且符合语境。23.Bratherthan。解析：本题考查固定搭配。数字极简主义不是拒绝数字时代，而是掌握它，而不是让它掌握你。ratherthan意为“而不是”。SectionIIIReadingComprehensionText124.B。解析：细节题。第一段最后一句指出，“他们（支持者）认为输入提示并选择输出的人类才是真正的艺术家”。选项B（AI只是工具，人类提示者才是艺术家）符合文意。25.C。解析：细节题。第二段提到，批评者认为这忽视了艺术的关键要素：人类经验。算法无论多复杂，都没有感觉。选项C（因为AI缺乏人类经验和情感深度）符合文意。26.A。解析：词汇题。“contentious”出现在首句，描述关于AI艺术的辩论。根据后文描述的支持者和批评者的不同观点，可以推断出该词意为“有争议的、引起分歧的”，故选A。27.C。解析：推理题。最后一段提到，“随着AI的发展，我们对艺术的定义可能也不得不随之演变”，说明艺术定义需要被重新评估。故选C。Text228.B。解析：细节题。第二段提到灰氢来源于天然气，产生大量碳排放；第三段提到绿氢使用可再生电力电解水产生，无碳排放。因此主要区别在于生产来源，选B。29.B。解析：细节题。第二段最后一句提到蓝氢的改进：“虽然有所改善，但它仍然依赖化石燃料，且碳捕获技术尚不完美。”故选B。30.B。解析：细节题。第四段首句明确指出，广泛采用绿氢的主要障碍是成本，随后提到基础设施需要巨额投资。故选B。31.A。解析：推断题。第四段中的公式=(×)+包含变量（生产量）、（成本因子）和Text332.B。解析：细节题。第一段提到“Onceviewedmerelyaspassivepassengers...（曾经仅仅被视为被动的乘客）”，说明传统观点认为它们是被动存在的，故选B。33.B。解析：细节题。第二段提到，将抑郁症患者的肠道细菌移植到健康小鼠体内，会诱发小鼠的抑郁样行为，这证明了肠道细菌可以影响神经行为。故选B。34.B。解析：细节题。最后一段首句提到“微生物组研究领域仍处于起步阶段”，并且机制尚不清楚。故选B。35.C。解析：主旨题。文章通篇围绕人类微生物组展开，特别是肠道微生物组对整体健康和心理健康的影响，并指出研究仍在进行中。选项C最能概括全文大意。Text436.B。解析：细节题。第一段和第二段详细列举了EI的四个领域：自我意识、自我管理、社会意识和关系管理，这些都是领导力的重要组成部分。故选B。37.C。解析：细节题。第二段第二句提到“自我管理建立在自我意识的基础之上”。故选C。38.B。解析：词汇题。第三段提到自我报告测试容易受到“fakinggood”的影响，后面解释为“候选人夸大他们的情感能力以显得更有吸引力”。故选B。39.B。解析：细节题。第三段提到，与IQ标准化测试不同，EI具有主观性，自我报告测试容易受候选人“伪装”影响，因此组织转向行为面试和情境判断测试。故选B。40.B。解析：主旨题。文章第一部分解释了EI的组成部分，第二部分探讨了在职场中测量EI所面临的挑战。选项B最完整地概括了文章内容。PartBTranslation41.【参考译文】其核心在于，智慧城市利用信息与通信技术（ICT）来提升城市服务（如能源、交通和公用事业）的质量与性能。【解析】Atitscore译为“其核心在于”。