2025年高考英语大二轮-培优练（十七）

eq\a\vs4\al\co1(培优练（十七）32分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解It’sknownthatreadingisgoodforachild’svocabularyandliteracyskills,teachingthemmathorscienceconceptsandhelpingthemlearnhistory.Apartfromthose,readinghasanotherbenefit.Haveyoureadastoryandfelttearswellupbecauseofacharacter’ssuffering?Ifso,thatisbecauseyouhaveempathy(共鸣)forthecharacter—andempathycanbelearnedthroughvariousfictions.“It’samagiceyethatseesintootherpeople’shearts，”explainsauthorCressidaCowell.Researchshowsthathumanbrainsreactdifferentlytostoriesandfacts.“Manymoreareasofyourbrainlightupwhenyou’reenjoyingastory，”explainsMirandaMcKearneyfromEmpathyLab,anorganisationthatbuildsempathythroughreading.“Yourbrainthinksyouareinthestory...Thismeansyouexperiencethecharacters’thoughtsasiftheyarereal.”Empathyhelpsyoutoreadpeople’semotionsandworkoutthebestwaytorespond.Thisskill,calledemotionalintelligence,canmakeiteasiertocommunicateandconnectwithpeople.Researchhasshownthatbuildingempathycanleadtogreaterkindnessandtolerance.OnestudyfoundthatchildrenwhoreadtheHarryPotternovels—whichtellstoriesabouthumansfightingagainsttheevil—werelesslikelytobehaveunfairlytowardspowerlessgroupsincludingrefugees(难民).ThistheoryhasbeenputintopracticebyStMichael’sPrimarySchool.AfterreadingTheBoyattheBackoftheClass—astoryaboutaboywhoisarefugeeescapingfromthewar—studentsinthatschoolwereinspiredtodoa10－milewalkforthenon－profitorganisationRefugeeAction.Theirempathyalsospurredthemtoraise￡1，000forpeoplewhowereforcedtoleavetheirhomesbecauseofwar.Readingencourageschildrentoempathisewithothers,whichcouldpotentiallyleadtoseveralbeneficiallearningoutcomes,newresearchsuggests.Forsocietytodevelop,creative,communicativeandempatheticindividualsreallymatter.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读可以培养孩子们的同理心。28.Whydoreaderscryaboutacharacter’sexperience?A.Theyhavemagiceyes.B.Theywanttoshowempathy.C.Theyunderstandhisfeelings.D.Theyhavethesameexperience.答案C[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“thatisbecauseyouhaveempathy(共鸣)forthecharacter”“amagiceyethatseesintootherpeople’shearts”和第三段中的“Empathyhelpsyoutoreadpeople’semotions”可知，这是因为读者理解角色的感情。]29.WhatdoestheauthorshowbyreferringtotheHarryPotternovels?A.Theprocessofbuildingempathy.B.Thebenefitsofdevelopingempathy.C.Thedefinitionofemotionalintelligence.D.Theresultsoftheschool’sactivity.答案B[推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Empathyhelpsyouto...workoutthebestwaytorespond.”和“buildingempathycanleadtogreaterkindnessandtolerance”可知，本段提到《哈利·波特》系列图书是为了证明前面的观点，即培养同理心有好处。]30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spurred”meaninparagraph4?A.Reminded. B.Permitted.C.Persuaded. D.Encouraged.答案D[词义猜测题。根据第三段所讲述的同理心给孩子们带来的影响、第四段中提到的“AfterreadingTheBoyattheBackoftheClass...forthenon－profitorganisationRefugeeAction.”以及画线词前的“also”可推知，画线词的词义应与inspired相似，故选D。spur意为“激励，鼓舞，刺激”。]31.Whatmighttheauthoradvisechildrentodo?A.Readtolearnempathy.B.Becomeempathetictoothers.C.Putthemselvesinothers’shoes.D.Readasmanybooksaspossible.答案A[推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是阅读可以培养同理心以及同理心的好处，再结合最后一段中的“Forsocietytodevelop...empatheticindividualsreallymatter.”可知，作者建议孩子们通过阅读来培养同理心，从而成为对社会发展有用的人。](2023·潍坊高三质检)TheAtlanticsalmon(鲑)ofScotlandarehardyanddeterminedanimals.Eachspringandsummer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOceantolayeggsinScotland’sshallowrivers,leapingupwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushingthemselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.Somefail,andtheotherssucceed,buttodaytheyfaceyetanotherchallenge.Duringthemid－1980s,therewerebetweeneightandtenmillionsalmonswimmingaroundScotland’sAtlanticcoast;thatnumberhasnowdroppedsharply.There’sevidenceofreducingtheavailabilityofthesalmon’sprey(猎物)asclimatechangewarmsandacidifiestheocean.Newresearchsuggestsclimatechangeisalsobearingdownonrivers,whichisbadnewsforsalmon.Havingadaptedtolifeincoldwater,salmonexperienceslowgrowthandpopulationchangesathightemperatures.Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.“Nowsalmonarestrugglingtodealwiththerisingtemperatures.Therearerecentrecordsof27℃intheupperreachesoftheDeecatchment，”saysPeterCairns,directorofanenvironmentalcharity.In2018,Scotlandrecordedthelowestpolecatchforsalmonsincerecordsbegan.Evidencesuggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsenstheimpactofourchangingclimate.“AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwereoncewaymoreforestedandthereforeshaded.”YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope,withjust3percentofitsnativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefoundthatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhaveenoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.Amovementtogettreesbackonriverbanksisgatheringpace.“Broadleaftreesclosetothebankcanreducethelightthatentersthewater，”explainsfisheriesscientistAnthonyHawkins.AnewinitiativecalledRiverwoods—ledbytheScottishWildlifeTrustandsupportedbyScottishWaterandseveralothergovernmentandregulatorybodies—aimstocreateanetworkofwoodlandsalongScotland’sriverbanks,andhasalreadyreceivedanumberoflargefunds.“Moneyisnotthepressingbusiness.Riverhealthiscomplex,buttreeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway，”saysCairns.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要讲述了全球变暖给大西洋鲑的生存带来了极大的挑战，为了给大西洋鲑提供更好的生存环境，苏格兰有关部门计划在河岸上植树。32.WhydoAtlanticsalmonmakegreatjourneysbacktotherivers?A.Theysearchforfoods.B.Theyreproducethemselves.C.Theriversarerelativelycool.D.Theseasareincreasinglywarm.答案B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Eachspringandsummer...inScotland’sshallowrivers”可知，大西洋鲑每年春夏之际会洄游到苏格兰去产卵，故B项正确。reproduce“繁殖；生育”。]33.Howdotherisingtemperaturesinriversaffectsalmon?A.Theygrowmorequickly.B.Theyaremoreheat－resistant.C.Theyarelessactiveinwater.D.Theyaremorelikelytogetdiseases.答案D[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.”可知，高温影响了大西洋鲑的健康，降低了它们对疾病的抵抗力，据此可推知，它们更容易得病。]34.WhatisachallengeforsalmonwhentheyreturntoScotland’srivers?A.Thereisashortageoffood.B.Therearemanyfishermen.C.Theecologyenvironmenthaschanged.D.Theriversystemsareunsuitablefortheforestgrowth.答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotland...oneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope”可知，大西洋鲑已经适应了苏格兰森林茂密的生态环境，然而现在的苏格兰却成了欧洲植被覆盖最少的国家之一，这对大西洋鲑来说是一个挑战。]35.WhatdoesCairnsreallyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Itisurgenttoplantriverbanktrees.B.Itistoohardtorestoretheriverhealth.C.Thereisenoughmoneyfortheproject.D.Therearetoomanyvitalthingstodealwith.答案A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中Cairns所说的话中的“treeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway”可知，Cairns认为种树是我们可以立刻开始着手做的事情之一。据此可以推断，Cairns认为当务之急是种植河岸树木。]Ⅱ.七选五(2023·绍兴高三诊断性考试)Medicineisadegreethatconsistsofanendlessnumberofexams,andrecentlyIreceivedmyfirstyearresults.Waitingforthoseresultswasoneofthemostanxiety－generatingexperiences.__1__Failingbringsjudgementfromothers，atopicofdiscussionforpeople,andtherightforotherstosayyoudon’thaveenoughcapacity.Thestressassociatedwithfailingiscreatedbyothersaroundyou,ratherthanbytheeventitself.IhaverecentlybeenreadingThePsychologyofMoneybyMorganHousel,whichclarifiesthatfailurehasthestrongpresenceamongthosewhohaveachievedsuccess.PeoplewillalwaysfocusonWarrenEdwardBuffett’ssuccessasaninvestor.__2__Theprocessofachievingsuccesshasofteninvolvedsetbacksand“failures”alongtheway.Ireceiveda“pass”gradeonanimportantresearchpaperduringmymaster’syear,whichputmyfinalgradeinadangeroussituation.IwasrejectedbymedicalschoolswhichI’dspenttimeandeffortapplyingtoandpreparingfor.__3__Ialsobeganstudyingmedicinelastyear.__4__Butyoushouldknowthatwitheachfailureyouareclosertosuccess,buildingfurtherlayerstothefoundationsyoustarted.Behindeverysuccessfulpersonaremoreobstaclesandsetbacks,butthesearenotasinterestingtofocusonorasenviable.Thenoisearoundyou,whetheritisfromco－workers,friendsorparents,shouldnotshakeyourbeliefinyourabilities.__5__Learnwhatyouneedandcorrectyourapproachuntilyoureachyoursuccess.A.Failureisyourplatformtosuccess.B.Youareguaranteedalifetimeofsuccess.C.Iwasturneddownbycountlessgraduateschemes.D.Youmaynotbesuccessfulthefirst,secondorhowevermanytimes.E.UponreflectionIbelievethatthisispartlyasaresultofthefailureitself.F.Despiteallofthis,Iendedupgettingadistinctioninmymaster’sdegree.G.However,theywillrarelyseehowmanytimeshisinvestmentshavefailed.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要论述了“失败不可怕，反而是通往成功的平台”这一观点。1.E[根据上文的“Waitingforthose...anxiety－generatingexperiences.”和下文的“Failingbringsjudgement...haveenoughcapacity.”可知，上文提到等待结果的过程让人很焦虑，下文分析了失败会带来什么样的结果，所以空处内容应该会讲到焦虑的原因是害怕失败。故选项E承上启下，符合语境。]2.G[根据上文的“Peoplewillalways...asaninvestor.”可推知，接下来会讲到巴菲特也有投资失败的时候。选项G“然而，他们很少会看到他的投资已经失败了多少次。”符合语境。选项中的they指代上文的People。]3.F[根据上文的“Iwasrejected...andpreparingfor.”和下文的“Ialsobeganstudyingmedicinelastyear.”可知，上文提到作者曾经的失败经历，下文提到他也开始学习医学，所以空处内容应承上启下。选项F“尽管如此，我还是在攻读硕士学位期间获得了优异成绩。”符合语境。]4.D[根据下文的“Butyoushould...foundationsyoustarted.”可知，但是你应该知道每一次的失败都会让你离成功更近。再结合But可知，空处与下文内容构成转折关系。选项D“你可能第一次、第二次或无论多少次都不成功。”符合题意。]5.A[根据语境和下文的“Learnwhatyou...reachyoursuccess.”可知，空处内容应讲到失败与成功的关系。故选项A“失败是你通往成功的平台。”符合题意。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2023·大连高三双基测试)ThefamousChinesefolksong,JasmineFlower(《茉莉花》),hasreacheda1.____________(globe)audiencewithitscatchytuneandlyrics.2.____________(equal)popularisthetraditionallymadejasminetea,3.____________tastefascinatescountlessteadrinkers.4.____________itcomestojasmine,ChenChengzhonghasabigsay.The72－year－oldteamakerfromFuzhoucityisamasterinthe5.____________(produce)ofjasminetea.Accordingtohisintroduction,thehotandwetclimateandtheredsoilinEastChina’sFujianProvinceprovidefavorableconditionsforjasmineandteaplants6.____________(grow),becomingthehigh－qualityingredients(原料)that7.____________(need)forjasminetea.“When8.____________(harvest),thejasmineflowersaremixedwithlayersoftealeaves.Ittakesatleastninescentingprocessestoproducejasmineteawithanextraordinaryflavorandsmoothtaste—thecriteriaforevaluatingtop－leveljasminetea，”Chensaid.Havingbeenappointed9.____________therepresentativeofFuzhoujasminetea,Chennowfocusesmoreon10.____________(pass)on