Unit 4 课后阅读练习-2022-2023学年高中英语（人教版2019必修第一册）

人教版必修一UnitFour课后阅读练习提升THESTORYOFANEYEWITNESS(Adapted)JackLondonTheearthquakethathitSanFranciscoonApril18shookdownhundredsofthousandsdollars’worthofwallsandchimneys.Butthefirethatfollowedburneduphundredsofmillionsofdollarsworthofbuildingsandhomes.Neverbeforeinhistoryhasacitybeensocompletelydestroyed.SanFranciscoisgone.Thefactories,thegreatstoresandnewspaperbuildings,thehotel,andthegreathousesoftherichareallgone.OnWednesdaymorningataquarterpastfivecametheearthquake..Amomentlater,thedisasterwasafact.SouthofMarketStreet,intheworking-classneighbourhoodsandinthefactories,firesstarted.Withinanhourofthefirstquake,thesmokecouldbeseen100milesaway.Thesunwasredinthedarksky.Therewasnostoppingthefires.Thefirefighterstowhomthetaskwasgivendidtheirbestbuttherewasnowaytoorganiseorcommunicate.Therailwaytrackswerenowuselessandtherewasnowaterinnwaterpipes.Allofthewaysmanhadmadetokeepthecitysafeweregoneinthe30secondstheearthmoved.ByWednesdayafternoon,halftheheartofthecitywasgone.Atthattime,Iwatchedthedisasterfromashiponthebay(海湾).Outatseaitwascalm.Nowindcameup.Yetfromeverydirection—east,west,north,andsouth—strongwindsblewupontheunluckycityandthosewhosehomeshadoncestoodinitsgreenhills.Wednesdaynightsawthedestructionoftheveryheartofthecity.Manhimselfhadtomakeruinsofsomeofthecity'sbestbuildingssothattheywouldnotbeadangertothoseinthestreets.Tensofthousandswhohadlosttheirhomesleftthecitytolookforshelterfromthefires.Someweredressedonlyinblanketsandcarriedthethingsthattheyhadbeenabletorescuefromthefires.Buttherewerenofightsandnopushingorshoving.Somehowthisworstofdisastersbroughtoutthebestinthesurvivors.NeverinallofSanFrancisco'shistorywereherpeoplesokindasonthisnightofterror.课文翻译：目击者的故事（改编）杰克伦敦4月18日袭击旧金山的地震震毁了价值数十万美元的墙壁和烟囱。但随之而来的大火烧毁了价值数亿美元的建筑物和房屋。历史上从未有过一座城市被如此彻底摧毁。旧金山已经不复存在。工厂，大商店和报纸建筑，酒店和富人的豪宅都消失了。周三早上，五分之一处发生了地震。过了一会儿，灾难变成了事实。市场街以南，在工人阶级社区和工厂，火灾开始了。在第一次地震发生后的一小时内，烟雾可以在100英里外看到。太阳在黑暗的天空中是红色的。大火没有停止。接到任务的消防员尽了最大努力，但没有办法组织或沟通。铁轨现在已经没用了，水管里没有水。人类创造的所有确保城市安全的方式在地球移动的30秒内消失了。到周三下午，城市的一半心脏都消失了。当时，我从海湾的一艘船上观看了这场灾难。在海上，它很平静。没有风吹来。然而，从东、西、北、南四面四面八方，强风吹向了这个不幸的城市，以及那些曾经矗立在绿色山丘上的人的家园。星期三晚上，这座城市的心脏被摧毁了。人类自己不得不将城市中一些最好的建筑变成废墟，这样它们就不会对街上的人构成危险。数以万计的失去家园的人离开城市寻找避风港。有些人只穿着毯子，带着他们能够从大火中救出的东西。但是没有打架，也没有推。不知何故，这场最严重的灾难带来了幸存者最好的一面。在旧金山的整个历史中，她的人民从来没有像这个恐怖之夜那样善良。JackLondon(1876-1916),themostsuccessfulwriterinAmericaintheearly20thCentury.thefamousauthorof“TheCalloftheWild”(《野性的呼唤》)andmanyotherwellknownbooks.Heneverwenttohighschooluntilhewasnineteenyearsoldandhediedwhenhewasforty.Yetheleftbehindhimfifty-onebooksandmanyshortstories.知识点积累：wordsandphrases:organizev.组织eyewitnessn.目击者,见证人palacen.宫殿;豪宅kilometern.公里;千米directionn.方向amazinga.令人惊诧的crowdn.人群terriblea.可怕的,骇人的addressn.地址sthisgone某物不存在了farfrom远离thecentreofthecity市中心steelrailwaytracks钢铁路轨thewaytodo作某事的方式comeup(太阳)升起;破土而出;发生出现makeruins毁坏beadangertosb/sth对...构成威胁alistof一系列;一张...的名单forsafety以保证安全Neverbeforeinhistoryhasacitybeensocompletelydestroyed.=Inhistory,acityhasneverbeensocompletelydestroyedbefore.历史上从来没有一个城市被这般完全摧毁过。NeverinallofSanFrancisco'shistorywereherpeoplesokindasonthisnightofterror.=InSanFrancisco’shistory,herpeoplewereneversokindasonthatterriblenight.在旧金山的历史上，人们从来没有如此的善良过。●否定词never放在句首表示强调语气，句子要部分倒装.NevershallIdothisagain.“我再也不干这事了"NeverinallmylifehaveIheardsuchnonsense!这辈子从没听过这种废话.难句理解1.Neverbeforeinhistoryhasacitybeensocmpletelydestroyed.=Inhistory,acityhasneverbeensocompletelydestroyedbefore.历史上从来没有一个城市被这般完全摧毁过。2.Manhimselfhadtomakeruinsofsomeofthecity’sbestbuildingssothattheywouldnotbeadangertothoseinthestreets.为了确保街道中其他人的安全，人们不得不毁掉那些地震中“幸存”下来的建筑。3.Alistofbuildingsundestroyedwasnowonlyafewaddresses.那些未被地震摧毁的建筑，现在却也只剩下一些地址名称而已了。4.NeverinallSanFrancisco’shistorywereherpeoplesokindasonthatterriblenight.=InSanFrancisco’shistory,herpeoplewereneversokindasonthatterriblenight.在旧金山的历史上，人们从来没有如此的善良过。问题一：Readthetextagainandanswerthequestions.1.Whichwasmoredestructive,theearthquakeorthefire?Why?2.Whycouldn'tthefirefightersputoutthefireswhentheyfirststarted?3.Wherewasthewriter?Didhesufferfromthefire?4.Howlongdidittakeforhalfofthecitycentretoburn?Whydidthefirespreadsofast?5.HowdidthepeopleofSanFranciscobehaveduringthedisaster?参考答案：1.Thefirewasmoredestructivebecausethefireburneduphundredsofmillionsofdollars'worthofbuildingsandhomes,andstrongwindsblewuponthecity.2.Becausethedamagethefirecaused,therewasnowaterandnowaytomovethingsorpeople(likefirefighters)aroundeasily.Thefirefighterscouldn'torganizeorcommunicatewell.3.Hewasinashiponthebayandhedidn'tsuffer.4.Ittookadayforhalfthecitycentretobenearlydestroyedbyfire.Thefirespreadsofastinpartbecauseofthewinds.5.Theybehavedverywellandtherewerenofightsandnopushingorshoving.问题二：1.Whatdotheunderlinedsentencesmean?Rewriteeachsentenceinyourownwords.2.Findanswerstothequestionsfromthetext.Whatwasthefirstdisaster?Whenandwheredidithappen?Whatwastheseconddisaster?Whatdamagediditcause?Howdidpeoplebehave?Whodescribedtheevent?3.Useyouranswerstotheabovequestionstowriteasummaryofthetext.参考答案：1.Firefightershadtodestroysomebuildingsthatweren'tcompletelydamagedbecausetheyworriedtheywouldfalldownandhurtorinjuremorepeople.Thedisastermadepeopleactmorekindlyandbewillingtoworktogetherandhelponeanother.2.Whatwasthefirstdisaster?Thefirstdisasterwastheearthquakethatstruckinthemorning.Whenandwheredidithappen?IthappenedonWednesday,April18,1906at5:15inthemorning.Whatwastheseconddisaster?Theseconddisasterwasthefirescausedbytheearthquake?Whatdamagediditcause?Itdestroyedhalfofthecitycentre.Howdidpeoplebehave?Theybehavedwellandtherewerenofightsandnopushingorshoving.Whodescribedtheevent?JackLondon.3.ThefirstdisasterwastheearthquakethatstruckSanFranciscoonWednesday,April18,1906at5:15inthemorning.Theseconddisasterwasthefirescausedbytheearthquake.Thesefiresdestroyedhalfofthecitycentreinaday.Butpeoplebehavedwellandtherewasnofightingorpushing.JackLondondescribedtheeventfromashipintheharbor.问题三：1.Findouttwosentenceswithnegative(否定)butpowerfulwordstodescribetheresultoftheearthquake?1).Neverbeforeinhistoryhasacitybeensocompletelydestroyed.2).Nothingisleftofitbutmemoriesandsomehousesfarfromthecentreofthecity.2.Findouttherepetitionofawordtodescribetheresultoftheearthquake.Thewordgonewasrepeatedforseveraltimes.1).Franciscoisgone.2).Thefactories,thegreatstoresandnewspaperbuildings,thehotel,andthegreathousesoftherichareallgone.3).Allofthewaysmanhadmadetokeepthecitysafeweregoneinthe30secondstheearthmoved.3.Whatdidthewriterwanttotellusbydescribingintheseways?HewantedtomakeitclearthattheearthquakehadbeencompletelydestroyedthecityofSanFrancisco.Heintendedtogivethereadersanimpressionofhopelessness.问题四：1.We

can

judge

from

the

passage

that

the

terrible

earthquake

took

place

in___．A．ChinaB．BritainC．CanadaD．America2.Which

word

best

describes

how

the

writer

felt

about

the

earthquake？A．lostB．shockedC．excitedD．qu