高中定语从句练习题

高中定语从句练习题定语从句作为高中英语语法体系中的重要组成部分，既是重点也是难点。它通过对名词或代词进行修饰和限定，使得句子表达更加丰富和精确。掌握定语从句的关键在于准确理解关系代词与关系副词的功能，并能根据先行词的性质及在从句中所充当的成分灵活选用。以下练习题旨在帮助同学们巩固相关知识，提升在具体语境中运用定语从句的能力。一、关系代词篇(who,whom,which,that,whose)基础运用1.请用适当的关系代词填空，并说明该关系代词在从句中充当的成分（主语、宾语、定语）。*Thegirl______isstandingatthedoorismysister.*Thisisthebook______Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek.*Thescientist______wemetyesterdayhasmadegreatcontributionstomedicine.*Doyouknowtheboy______fatherisafamousartist?*Thehouse______windowsfacesouthbelongstoMr.Smith.易混辨析2.选择最佳答案，并简述选择理由。*Thisistheonlynovel______Ihavereadthisyear.(A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as)*Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?(A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whom)*Theman______shetalkedtoismyuncle.(A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose)二、关系副词篇(where,when,why)情境匹配3.根据句意，用适当的关系副词填空。*Istillremembertheday______Ifirstcametothisschool.*Thisisthefactory______myfatherhasworkedforovertwentyyears.*Canyoutellmethereason______youwerelatethismorning?*Wevisitedthemuseum______manyancientartifactsareondisplay.转换练习4.将下列句子中的“介词+关系代词”结构转换为相应的关系副词。*Thisistheroominwhichweheldthemeetingyesterday.*Iwillneverforgetthetimeatwhichwestudiedtogether.*Thereasonforwhichhewasabsentisnotclear.三、综合提升篇句子合并5.用定语从句将下列每组句子合并为一个复合句。*Thegirlismyclassmate.ShewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcontest.*WevisitedtheGreatWalllastsummer.ItisoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld.*Hegavemeareason.Ididn'tbelievethereason.改错练习6.找出下列句子中的错误并改正。*ThisistheparkwherewevisitedlastSunday.*Themanwhichistalkingtoourteacherisournewheadmaster.*Ihaveafriendwhoseheisverygoodatplayingthepiano.*Thebook,thatIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.汉译英7.将下列句子翻译成英语，要求使用定语从句。*正在树下看书的那个女孩是我的好朋友。*这是我去年夏天参观过的那个城市。*他告诉我他迟到的原因了吗？参考答案与解析一、关系代词篇1.*who(主语)/that(主语)-先行词是“thegirl”，指人，在从句中作主语。*which(宾语)/that(宾语)/不填-先行词是“thebook”，指物，在从句中作宾语。*whom(宾语)/who(宾语，口语中)/that(宾语)/不填-先行词是“thescientist”，指人，在从句中作宾语。*whose(定语)-先行词是“theboy”，与从句中的“father”构成所属关系，作定语。*whose(定语)-先行词是“thehouse”，与从句中的“windows”构成所属关系，作定语。2.*B.that-先行词被“theonly”修饰时，关系代词用that。*A.who-先行词是“thestudents”，指人，在从句中作主语。*B.that-先行词是不定代词“anything”，关系代词用that。*B.whom/A.who(口语中)-先行词是“theman”，指人，在从句中作介词“to”的宾语。二、关系副词篇3.*when-先行词是“theday”，指时间，在从句中作时间状语。*where-先行词是“thefactory”，指地点，在从句中作地点状语。*why-先行词是“thereason”，在从句中作原因状语。*where-先行词是“themuseum”，指地点，在从句中作地点状语。4.*Thisistheroomwhereweheldthemeetingyesterday.(inwhich=where)*Iwillneverforgetthetimewhenwestudiedtogether.(atwhich=when)*Thereasonwhyhewasabsentisnotclear.(forwhich=why)三、综合提升篇5.*Thegirlwho/thatwonthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcontestismyclassmate.*TheGreatWall,whichwevisitedlastsummer,isoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld.(或WevisitedtheGreatWallwhich/thatisoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorldlastsummer.注：此句两种合并方式皆可，前者为非限制性定语从句，更优。)*Hegavemeareasonwhich/thatIdidn'tbelieve.6.*Thisistheparkwhich/thatwevisitedlastSunday.(或ThisistheparkwevisitedlastSunday.)-“where”改为“which/that”或省略关系代词。因为从句中“visited”缺少宾语，应用关系代词。*Themanwho/thatistalkingtoourteacherisournewheadmaster.-“which”改为“who/that”。先行词指人，且在从句中作主语。*Ihaveafriendwhoisverygoodatplayingthepiano.-去掉“he”。“whose”本身已在从句中作定语，不可再出现主语“he”。*Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.-“that”改为“which”。非限制性定语从句中，指物时不能用that。7.*Thegirlwho/thatisreadingunderthetreeismygoodfriend.*Thisisthecitywhich/thatIvisitedlastsummer.*Didhetellyouthereasonwhyhewaslate