2026年自考00596英语阅读(二)试题及答案

2026年自考00596英语阅读(二)试题及答案PartIMultipleChoice（每题2分，共20分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassagescarefully.Foreachquestion,choosetheONEbestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1ThefirsttimeIsawthePacific,Iwastwelveandhadjustcrossedthecontinentbytrain.Myfather,whohadspentthewarintheSolomonIslands,toldmetotastethewater.“It’ssaltierthantheAtlantic,”hesaid,“becauseit’solder.”Inevercheckedthechemistry,butthesentencestayedwithmethewayfamilystoriesdo,gainingauthoritywithrepetition.Yearslater,whenIstoodonthesamestretchofbeachwithmyowndaughter,Iheardmyselfrepeatingtheclaimandrealizedthatwhatmyfatherhadreallygivenmewasnotafactbutaritual:themomentwhentheoceanbecomespersonal.1.Theauthor’sfatherencouragedthetastingofseawaterprimarilytoA.testthechild’strustinadultknowledgeB.initiateaprivatefamilytraditionC.proveascientifichypothesisD.distracttheboyduringalongtrip2.Theword“ritual”inline8isclosestinmeaningtoA.superstitionB.routineceremonyC.scientificexperimentD.nostalgicillusionPassage2In1928,AlexanderFlemingreturnedfromvacationtofindamoldcontaminatingoneofhisStaphylococcusplates.Insteadofdiscardingthespoiledculture,henoticedaclearhalowherebacteriahadbeendestroyed.Theobservation,seeminglytrivial,redirectedmedicalhistory.Yetthediscoveryofpenicillinwasnotaboltfromtheblue;itwaspreparedbyanetworkofbacteriologistswhohadspentdecadesdocumentingthecuriousantagonismsamongmicrobes.Fleming’sgeniuslayinrecognizingthatananomalycouldbescaledintoatherapy,acognitiveleapthatrequiredbothdisciplinarytrainingandantolerancefortheunexpected.3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardFleming’sdiscoveryisbestdescribedasA.reverentbutbalancedB.mildlycriticalC.openlyskepticalD.unconditionallycelebratory4.Whichofthefollowingisimpliedaboutthescientificcommunitypriorto1928?A.Itundervaluedaccidentalfindings.B.Itlackedmethodsforculturingbacteria.C.Ithadalreadysuspectedtheantibacterialpowerofmolds.D.Itdiscouragedinterdisciplinarycollaboration.Passage3Whentheglacier-scouredvalleysofNorwaywerefloodedbyrisingseasafterthelastIceAge,theresultingnarrowinlets—fjords—becameecologicalislands.Populationsofland-lockedbrowntrout,cutofffromtheocean,evolvedrapidlyintodistinctmorphs:plankton-feedingdwarfs,piscivorousgiants,andbottom-gravelmolluskcrushers.Whatisstrikingisnotthemerefactofdivergence,butthespeed:measurablemorphologicalchangewithinahundredgenerations,amicrocosmofadaptiveradiationthatDarwinobservedonoceanicislands,compressedintoaScandinavianlaboratoryofstoneandwater.5.ThepassagesuggeststhatNorwegianfjordsarevaluabletoevolutionarybiologistsbecausetheyA.replicateconditionsfoundintropicalarchipelagosB.allowmeasurementofevolutioninrealtimeC.containlivingfossilsunchangedsincetheIceAgeD.demonstratethelimitationsofnaturalselection6.TheauthorcomparesthetroutmorphstoDarwin’sfinchesprimarilytoemphasizeA.geographicalisolationB.convergentevolutionC.acceleratedspeciationD.humaninterferencePassage4TheBritishMuseum’sElginMarbleswerenotalwaysmarbles.InthefifthcenturyBCEtheywerepaintedingarishredsandbluesthatwouldstrikemodernviewersaskitsch.Timehasbleachedthemintotheausterewhitenessthatwenowassociatewithclassicaltaste,atransformationthatillustrateshowaestheticnormsarecontingentonmaterialdecay.Whatwecall“authenticity”isoftentheaccidentofchemistry,andourreverencefortheunadornedsurfaceis,ironically,aformofanachronism.7.Theauthorusestheword“kitsch”toimplythatA.ancientAthenianshadpoorartisticjudgmentB.modernviewersprojecttheirownvaluesontothepastC.museumrestorationsshouldbemorecolorfulD.classicalsculpturewasoriginallyintendedforoutdoordisplay8.ThemainpointofthepassageisthatA.archaeologicalscienceshouldreversethebleachingprocessB.culturalheritageisinevitablypoliticizedC.ouraestheticidealsareshapedbyhistoricalaccidentD.museumsmisleadthepublicaboutancienttechnologiesPassage5EveryDecember,thesmalltownofGävle,Sweden,erectsagiantstrawgoatforAdvent.Almosteveryyear,arsonistsburnitdown.Thecyclehaspersistedsince1966,producingacat-and-mousedramabetweenthecity’ssecuritycommitteeandanonymousvandals.Curiously,thedestructionisnowintegraltothetradition;internationalaudiencesplacebetsonsurvivalodds,andwebcamviewershipspikeswhenflamesappear.Astructuremeanttosymbolizeseasonalinnocencehasbecomeamediatedritualofanticipatedtransgression,remindingusthatheritageisnotonlypreservedbutalsoperformedthroughitsownundoing.9.TheburningoftheGävlegoatisbestinterpretedasanexampleofA.civicincompetenceB.participatoryspectacleC.anti-ChristianvandalismD.governmentalfalse-flagoperation10.ThepassageimpliesthattraditionssurvivebyA.resistingcommodificationB.absorbingsubversiveactsC.appealingtomoralauthoritiesD.eliminatingriskfactorsPartIISkimming&Scanning（每题1分，共10分）Directions:Readthefollowingwebpageextractsquicklyandanswerthequestions.Youmayreturntothetextswhileanswering.Extract1–UniversityLibraryFAQQ:Howlongcanpostgraduateskeeprecalledbooks?A:Theoriginalloanperiodis8weeks;however,ifanotheruserplacesahold,theborrowerhas7daystoreturntheitem.Finesare£1.20perdaythereafter.Q:CanIrenewonline?A:Yes,providednoholdhasbeenplaced.Renewalopens5daysbeforeduedate.11.Apostgraduateborrowedabookon3May.On20Mayanotherstudentplacedahold.ThelatestlegalreturndateisA.27MayB.28MayC.29MayD.30MayExtract2–ConferenceProgrammeKeynote:Prof.LakshmiKrishnan,“GlobalHealthafter2025:DataEthicsinPandemicPreparedness”(HallA,09:00–09:45)ParallelSession3B:Dr.OmarPerez,“AITriageToolsinLow-ResourceSettings”(Room404,11:10–11:40)PosterFast-Track:12:00–12:30,Foyer12.Adelegateinterestedinmachine-learningapplicationsshouldattendA.HallAat09:00B.Room404at11:10C.Foyerat12:00D.noneoftheaboveExtract3–MuseumAudioGuideTranscriptStop17:ThePortlandVase.Cameoglass,5–25CE.Discovered1582,transported1783,smashed1845,restored1988–1990.Theblueglasslayerwascold-workedwithahand-heldrotarytool;thewhitefigureswerecutbacktocreaterelief.Notethedouble-profileheadofthemysteryfigure:possiblyParis,ortheRomanpoetTibullus.13.ThevasewasdamagedintheA.sixteenthcenturyB.eighteenthcenturyC.nineteenthcenturyD.twentiethcenturyExtract4–JobAdvertisementFieldOrnithologist,FalklandIslands.6-monthcontract,October–March.Requirements:BScBiology,ringingpermit,sea-birdhandlingexperience.Salarytax-free;accommodationprovided;25kgbaggageallowance;nodependents.14.AnapplicantwhohasneverhandledseabirdsshouldA.applyifwillingtolearnquicklyB.obtainexperiencebeforeapplyingC.negotiateahighersalaryD.bringextraluggageExtract5–RailwayTimetableEdinburghWaverley–Dundee–Aberdeen.ServiceA:dep07:03,arrDundee08:11,arrAberdeen09:48.ServiceB:dep08:00,arrDundee09:20,arrAberdeen11:05.ServiceC:dep09:30,arrDundee10:38,arrAberdeen12:15.15.ThefastestjourneyfromEdinburghtoAberdeenisA.ServiceAB.ServiceBC.ServiceCD.allservicestakeequaltimePartIIICarefulReading（每题3分，共30分）Directions:Readthetwolongpassagesbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.PassageAIn1971,theAmericanlinguistWallaceChafeaskedspeakersofdifferentlanguagestodescribeashortfilminwhichapearisstolenfromaboy.HenoticedthatEnglishspeakerstypicallymentionthethieffirst(“Amanstoleapear”),whereasJapanesespeakersbeginwiththeboy(“Aboyhadapearstolen”).Chafearguedthatwordorderreflectsdeepercognitivepreferences:Englishforegroundsagency,Japaneseforegroundsaffectedness.Halfacenturylater,psycholinguiststrackedeye-movementwhilespeakerswatchedthesamefilm.Remarkably,thegazepatternspredictedthesyntacticchoices:Englishspeakerslookedearlieratthethief,Japaneseattheboy,evenbeforeutteringasingleword.Thedatasuggestthatgrammarisnotanarbitrarycoat-hangeronwhichthoughtisdraped,butalatecrystallizationofpre-linguisticattention.Ifso,learningasecondlanguageislessaboutmemorizingconjugationsthanaboutretrainingthespotlightofconsciousness.16.Chafe’soriginalexperimentreliedonA.eye-trackingtechnologyB.retrospectiveinterviewsC.spontaneousfilmretellingsD.controlledlaboratoryelicitation17.Thepsycholinguisticfollow-upstudyimpliesthatgrammaticalchoicesareA.culturallyarbitraryB.drivenbyperceptualsalienceC.geneticallyhard-wiredD.independentofvisualinput18.Themetaphor“latecrystallization”isusedtoarguethatA.grammarsolidifiesafterthoughtB.languagesevolveslowlyC.childrenacquiresyntaxlateD.attentioniscrystallineinstructure19.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostweakentheauthor’sconclusion?A.Bilingualsshowidenticalgazepatternsregardlessofthelanguagespoken.B.Japanese–Englishbilingualsshiftgazewheninstructedtousepassivevoice.C.Eye-movementprecedesspeechbyonly50milliseconds.D.Non-linguistictasksproducedifferentgazepatterns.20.Thepassageasawholeadvanceswhichtheoreticalclaim?A.Whorfiandeterminismisunfalsifiable.B.Syntactictypologypredictsworldview.C.Attentionalhabitsprecedelinguisticencoding.D.Languageacquisitionisprimarilymotor-based.PassageBThemodernshippingcontainerisamundanerectangleofcorrugatedsteel,butitseconomicconsequencesvergeontherevolutionary.Before1956,cargowasloadedpiecebypiece—”break-bulk”—aprocessthatcouldconsumehalfaship’stimeinport.MalcomMcLean,aNorthCarolinatrucker,guessedthatstandardizingtheboxwouldcollapsehandlingcosts.Hewasright:containerizationcutporttimeby90%and,byloweringinventoryintransit,allowedmanufacturerstorelocatetowhereverlaborwascheapest.Theresultwasnotmerelycheapergoodsbutaspatialreorganizationoftheplanet.Entirecities—Singapore,Shenzhen—wereretro-engineeredaroundcraneschedules;olderportslikeLiverpoolandManhattanwitheredbecausetheirdockscouldnotaccommodatethe40-footmodule.Thecontainerdidnotjustchangeshipping;itchangedshorelines,laborunions,andeventhetemperatureoftheplanetbyenablingaglobalfossil-fuelsupplychain.Inthatsense,therectangularprismisasocialasmuchasatechnicalobject,aquietprotagonistofglobalizationwhoseubiquityrendersitinvisible.21.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeistoA.celebrateentrepreneurialingenuityB.critiqueenvironmentaldegradationC.revealhiddeninfrastructuralagencyD.defendlabor-intensivepractices22.LiverpooldeclinedbecauseA.itsunionsopposedmechanizationB.itsgeographyresisteddeep-waterberthsC.containertrafficshiftedtoAsiaD.investorsfavoredroadtransport23.Thephrase“retro-engineeredaroundcraneschedules”impliesthatA.urbanplanningbecamesubordinatetologisticsB.cranesweredesignedaftercitylayoutsC.dockworkerssetmunicipaltimetablesD.shippingcompaniesfundedheritagepreservation24.Whichstatementissupportedbythepassage?A.Containerdimensionswerestandardizedin1956.B.Break-bulkshippingremainscompetitiveforhigh-valuecargo.C.Globalwarmingwasacceleratedbycontainerizedsupplychains.D.McLeaninitiallyintendedtomonopolizeportownership.25.ThetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedasA.ironicdetachmentB.nostalgiclamentC.analyticalexpositionD.moraloutragePartIVTranslation（20分）Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Thearchiveisnotapassiverepositoryofdustydocuments;itisanactivearenawherememoryiscurated,suppressed,andsometimesinvented.Everyactofcataloguing—whetherthemeticulouscross-referencingofaVictorianarchivistorthealgorithmictaggingofadigitalcorpus—carriesanideologicalload.Whatisexcludedoftenspeakslouderthanwhatispreserved,andthesilenceintherecordcanbecomeevidencemoreeloquentthananyparchment.PartVShortAnswerQuestions（每题4分，共20分）Directions:AnswerthefollowingquestionsinNOMORETHANTENWORDSeach.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.26.InPassageA,whatmethodologicalinnovationconfirmedChafe’shypothesis?27.Nameonecitycitedasabeneficiaryofcontainerization.28.WhatsensorydetailintroducesthememoirinPassage1?29.WhichchemicalprocessalteredtheElginMarbles’appearance?30.WhatbettingbehaviorsuggeststheGävlegoatarsonisnowritualized?PartVISummaryWriting（20分）Directions:ReadPassageBagainandwriteasummaryof80–100wor