2026年自考00595英语阅读(一)试题及答案

2026年自考00595英语阅读(一)试题及答案PartIMultipleChoice(20points,1pointeach)Directions:Readthefollowingpassagesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.Passage1ThefirsttimeIsawthePacific,IwastwelveandstandingonacliffnorthofSantaCruz.ThewaterbelowwasnotthepostcardblueIhadexpectedbutadense,almostmetallicgray,asthoughsomeonehadpouredliquidleadintothehorizon.Myfather,whohaddrivenusthereinaborrowedpickup,saidnothingforalongwhile;thenhebent,pickedupashardofsandstone,andskimmeditside-armacrossthesurface.Thestonehoppedfour,five,sixtimesbeforetheswellfoldedoverit.“That’showyouleavehome,”hemuttered,moretotheoceanthantome.Ididnotunderstandthenthathewasteachingmedeparture,notgeography.1.ThecolorofthePacificsurprisedthenarratorbecauseitA.resembledapostcardphotographB.appeareddarkerandheavierthananticipatedC.changedrapidlywiththeshiftingcloudsD.reflectedthesandstonecliffsabove2.Thefather’sactionofskimmingthestoneisbestinterpretedasA.acasualbeachgameB.anattempttoimpresshissonC.ametaphoricallessonaboutleavingD.awaytomeasurethewindspeed3.Theword“folded”inline8mostnearlymeansA.collapsedB.envelopedC.creasedD.dissolved4.Thenarrator’sfailuretounderstandhisfather’swordssuggestsA.childhoodliteral-mindednessB.resentmenttowardparentalauthorityC.disinterestinfamilialrelationshipsD.preoccupationwithnaturalsceneryPassage2In1913,theAustralianAntarcticExpeditionunloadedtwenty-threesleddogsontotheseaiceatCommonwealthBay.ByMarchof1914,onlytworemainedalive.Thediariesoftheexpedition’smeteorologist,CecilMadigan,recordthattheanimalsdidnotsimplystarve;theylostthewilltopulloncethekatabaticwindsbegantoscreamdownwardatninetymilesanhour.Onebyone,thedogslaydownintheirtraces,facesavertedfromtheblast,andrefusedtomove.Themen,themselveshalf-crazedbyisolation,triedlashingtheanimals,offeringextrarationsofblubber,evensingingtothem.Nothingworked.Madiganwrote:“Itwasasthoughthewindcarriedawaynotonlyheatbutpurpose.”5.Theprimarycauseofthedogs’deathswasA.nutritionaldeficiencyB.extremewindconditionsC.contagiousdiseaseD.accidentaldrowning6.Themen’sattemptstomotivatethedogsindicateA.anthropomorphicsentimentalityB.scientificcuriosityaboutcaninebehaviorC.desperationtomaintaintransportationD.guiltoverpriormistreatment7.Madigan’squotationimpliesthatthewindA.destroyedthecampinfrastructureB.erodedthedogs’psychologicaldriveC.interferedwithradiocommunicationD.alteredthemagneticcompassreadings8.ThetoneofPassage2canbestbedescribedasA.detachedreportageB.lyricalnostalgiaC.ironicdetachmentD.subduedhorrorPassage3WhentheBritishMuseumopeneditsnewconservationwingin1982,conservatorsdiscoveredthattheElginMarbleshadbeenscrubbedwithwirebrushesinthe1930stomakethemwhite.Therevelationscandalizedclassicalscholars,whoarguedthattheaggressivecleaninghadremovedvitalsurfaceevidence—tracesofpigment,toolmarks,andpollutioncruststhatcouldhaverevealedhowthesculpturesoriginallyappeared.Museumofficialsdefendedtheactionasstandardpracticeatthetime,yetinternalmemorandalatershowedthatsomecuratorshadwarnedeventhenthattheprocedurewas“excessivelyvigorous.”Thedebateresurfacedin1999whenGreecerequestedthereturnofthemarbles,citing,amongothergrievances,themuseum’sownadmissionofcustodialnegligence.9.The1982discoveryprimarilyconcernedA.unauthorizedexportofartifactsB.mislabelingofsculpturalfragmentsC.irreversibledamagefrompastcleaningD.theftoforiginalpigmentsamples10.Thescholars’outragecenteredonthelossofA.aestheticwhitenessB.historicalinformationC.monetaryvalueD.structuralintegrity11.Thephrase“excessivelyvigorous”suggeststhatsomecuratorsA.endorsedpublictasteforpristinesculptureB.fearedpoliticalrepercussionsfromGreeceC.questionedtheappropriatenessofthecleaningmethodD.lackedtechnicaltraininginstonepreservation12.Thepassageindicatesthatthe1999repatriationrequestwasA.entirelyunrelatedtoearlierconservationdebatesB.partlygroundedinthemuseum’sself-criticismC.rejectedonlegalownershipgroundsaloneD.motivatedbyGreekeconomicinterestsPassage4Modernmemoryathletes,capableofmemorizingtheorderofashuffleddeckinundertwentyseconds,relyonanancienttechniqueknownasthe“memorypalace.”Thepractitionerimaginesafamiliarbuilding—perhapschildhoodhome—andpopulateseachroomwithvivid,oftenobsceneimagesrepresentingdata.NeuroscientistsusingfMRIhavefoundthattheseathletesshownoexceptionalinnateability;rather,thespatial-navigationcentersoftheirbrainslightupinexactlythesamepatternasthoseofLondontaxidriverslearningthecity’sstreetmap.Theimplicationisunsettling:extraordinarymemoryislessagiftthanadeliberatedeformationofordinarycognition.13.The“memorypalace”techniquedependsonA.auditoryrepetitionB.spatialvisualizationC.numericalabstractionD.emotionalsuppression14.ThefMRIfindingscitedinthepassagedemonstratethatA.memoryathletespossessenlargedhippocampiB.innatetalentisindispensablefortopperformanceC.trainingcanrepurposeexistingneuralcircuitsD.Londontaxidriversoutperformmemorychampions15.Theword“deformation”inline9conveysA.irreversiblebraindamageB.ethicalcompromiseC.intentionalreshapingofmentalhabitsD.geneticmutation16.Theauthor’sattitudetowardmemoryathleticsisA.admiringB.neutralC.skepticalD.apprehensivePassage5In1975,thesmalltownofHokitikaonNewZealand’sWestCoastbecametheunlikelyepicenterofabutterboom.GlobalcommoditypriceshaddoubledovernightaftertheEuropeanEconomicCommunityslashedmilksubsidies,andlocaldairycooperativescouldnotchurnoutexportcartonsfastenough.Farmerstradedtractorsforhelicopterstospotthebestpasture,whilebankmanagersstoodonstreetcornersofferinginstantloans.By1978,thebubbleburst:refrigeratedshipsarrivedtofindwarehousesstackedwithrancidsurplus,andthesamebankersquietlyrepossessedhelicoptersthatnowwouldnotstart.ARoyalCommissionlaterconcludedthat“greasehadreplacedgoldinthenationalimagination,withsimilaralchemicaldisappointment.”17.TheimmediatetriggerforthebutterboomwasA.technologicalbreakthroughinrefrigerationB.EECpolicychangeonsubsidiesC.discoveryofnewpasturelandD.currencydevaluationinAustralia18.TheimageofbankersonstreetcornersservestoemphasizeA.governmentalregulatoryfailureB.thedemocratizationofcreditC.thefrenziedatmosphereofspeculationD.theagriculturalexpertiseoffinanciers19.The“alchemicaldisappointment”referstoA.thetransformationofbutterintogoldB.thefailureofspeculativeinvestmentC.thecontaminationofdairyproductsD.thecollapseofEuropeanmarkets20.ThepassageasawholesuggeststhatcommodityboomsareA.sustainableenginesofregionalgrowthB.immunetogeopoliticalinfluenceC.vulnerabletoabruptreversalD.hinderedbytechnologicalstagnationPartIIClozeTest(10points,0.5pointeach)Directions:Fillineachblankwiththemostappropriateword.Intheearlyhoursof15September1830,theworld’sfirstpassengerrailwayopenedbetweenLiverpoolandManchester.Crowdslinedthe__(21)__towatchtheinauguraltrain,drawnbyStephenson’s“Rocket,”__(22)__itswayacrosstheEnglishcountrysideatthethen-incrediblespeedofthirtymilesperhour.Amongthedignitariesaboardwastheeighty-year-oldstatesmanWilliamHuskisson,who,__(23)__bythelocomotive’snoiseandsmoke,steppeddownontotheparalleltrackjustasanotherengineapproached.Hewasstruckandlaterdiedofhisinjuries,therebybecomingthefirstwidelyreportedrailway__(24)__.Theaccident,farfromdampeningpublicenthusiasm,seemedinsteadto__(25)__therailway’spower,atechnologicalmarvelthatcouldhumbleeventhemostseasonedpolitician.Withinadecade,trackwould__(26)__Britainlikeaweb,transformingnotonlycommercebuttheveryperceptionofdistanceandtime.Yetthepromiseofspeedcarriedwithitanewformofanxiety:thesensethatlifeitselfwasnow__(27)__tothetimetable,thatminutessavedonthejourneymightbesubtractedfromthelifespan.Victorianwriters__(28)__themetaphorrelentlessly;inDickens’DombeyandSon,thetrainbecomesadragondevouringtherecklessandtheinnocentalike.Eventoday,whenairtravelhasdwarfedtherailway’sonce-astonishingvelocity,thephrase“keepingontrack”retainsafaintechoofthatnineteenth-centuryconvictionthatprogressandperilare__(29)__bound,thattoaccelerateisalsotoriskderailment.TheLiverpoolandManchesterRailwaythusinauguratednotmerelyamodeoftransportbutanewexistentialcondition,oneinwhichhumanbeingsbecamepassengersoftheirown__(30)__.21.A.platformB.embankmentC.routeD.trackside22.A.plowingB.threadingC.carvingD.blasting23.A.unnervedB.invigoratedC.mesmerizedD.emboldened24.A.casualtyB.martyrC.victimD.fatality25.A.underscoreB.diminishC.foreshadowD.ridicule26.A.gridB.laceC.girdleD.span27.A.yokedB.compressedC.calibratedD.mortgaged28.A.resistedB.exploitedC.domesticatedD.trivialized29.A.inseparablyB.paradoxicallyC.precariouslyD.arbitrarily30.A.momentumB.inventionC.ambitionD.destinyPartIIIReadingComprehensionandParaphrase(20points)Directions:Readthefollowingexcerptandanswerthequestionsincompletesentences.Excerpt(fromVirginiaWoolf,TheWaves,1931):“Yettherearemomentswhenthewallsofthemindgrowthin;whennothingisunabsorbed,andIcouldfancythatwemightblowsovastabubblethatthesunmightsetandriseinitandwemighttaketheblueofmiddayandtheblackofmidnightandbesplashedandemptiedinit.”31.Identifythemetaphorinthesentenceandexplainitssignificanceinrelationtohumanconsciousness.(5points)32.ParaphrasetheexcerptinmodernEnglish,retainingtheemotionalintensity.(5points)33.Howdoestheimageryofcolor(“blueofmidday…blackofmidnight”)contributetothethemeoftemporalflux?(5points)34.Discussthesyntacticstructureofthepassageandhowitenactstheideaofexpansionanddissolution.(5points)PartIVShortAnswerQuestions(15points)Directions:Answereachquestioninnomorethan50words.35.InPassage2,whydoesMadigancomparethewindtoathiefof“purpose”ratherthanmerelyofwarmth?36.InPassage3,whatrhetoricalstrategydoestheauthoremploytoconveythemuseum’sequivocation?37.InPassage4,whatethicalquestionisraisedbythedeliberate“deformation”ofcognition?38.InPassage5,howdoesthehelicopterfunctionasasymbolofboom-timeexcess?PartVTranslation(20points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintofluentChinese.Original:Thearchiveisnotarepositoryofthepastbutabattlegroundwherethefuturenegotiateswhatitiswillingtoremember.Everyactofcataloguingisalsoanactofforgetting:theangleatwhichaphotographissleeved,thecross-referencethatnevergetsmade,thesilenceinthefinding-aidwhereanameoughttoappear.Inthissense,theconservator’swhitecottongloveislessashieldagainstfingerprintsthanablindfoldagainstthechaosofpossiblemeanings.Tohandleadocumentistowoundit;torefusetohandleitistoletthewoundmetastasizeintomyth.PartVISummaryWriting(15points)Directions:In120–150words,summarizethekeyargumentsofthefivepassages(PartI)withintegratedcommentaryonthecommonmotifofloss.Answers&ParsingPartI1.B“dense,almostmetallicgray”contradictspostcardblue.2.CThefather’scommentlinksthestone’sdisappearancetodeparture.3.BTheswell“enveloped”thestone.4.ALiteralchildhoodunderstandingcontrastswithmetaphoricalintent.5.BKatabaticwindsareforegroundedasthelethalagent.6.CTransportationwasessentialforsurvival.7.B“Purpose”equalspsychologicaldrive.8.DSubduedhorror:calmtonerecountingdreadfulevents.9.CScrubbingremovedsurfaceevidence.10.BScholarslamentlosthistoricaldata.11.CInternalmemoshowscuratorialdoubt.12.BGreececitedthemuseum’sownadmission.13.BTechniquereliesonspatialimagery.14.CTrainingrepurposesnavigationcircuits.15.C“Deformation”=intentionalreshaping.16.D“Unsettling”signalsapprehension.17.BEECsubsidycuttriggeredpricespike.18.CStreet-cornerbankersepitomizefrenzy.19.BAlchemicalpromiseturnstodisappointment.20.CBoomcollapsessuddenly.PartII21.Dtrackside–crowdlocation.22.Bthreading–elegantmovement.23.Aunnerved–causedalarm.24.Dfatality–recordeddeath.25.Aunderscore–highlightpower.26.Blace–metaphorfornetwork.27.Ayoked–tiedtoschedule.28.Bexploited–usedmetaphor.29.Ainseparably–indivisiblelink.30.Ddestiny–existentialcondition.PartIII(sampleresponses)31.The“bubble”metaphorsuggestsconsciousnesscanexpandtocontainentirecosmiccycles(sunset,sunrise),signifyingmomentswhentheselftranscendsitsusualboundariesandabsorbsallexperience.32.Sometimesthebarriersinmyminddissolve;everythingfloodsin,andIfeelwecouldcreateagi