全国翻译专业资格CATTI阅读通关模拟卷（含答案）

全国翻译专业资格CATTI阅读通关模拟卷（含答案）CATTI二级笔译综合能力阅读部分模拟卷，本部分共3篇短文，30道单项选择题，答题时间60分钟，满分60分。Passage1Againstthebackdropofacceleratingglobalwarming,theinternationalcommunityhasreachedabroadconsensusonlimitingglobaltemperatureriseto1.5°Cabovepre-industriallevels.However,anewreportreleasedbytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)in2024pointsoutthatthecurrentpaceofglobalenergytransitionisfarfromenoughtomeetthistarget,andthegapbetweenactualactionsandexpectedgoalsisstillwidening.Asoftheendof2023,theshareofrenewableenergyinglobalpowergenerationreached28%,up3percentagepointsfrom2018.ButtheIEAestimatesthattoachievethe1.5°Ctarget,thisshareneedstoreach43%by2030.Atpresent,morethan80%ofthenewlyaddedrenewableenergyinstalledcapacityisconcentratedin10countriesledbyChinaandtheUnitedStates,andmostdevelopingcountries,especiallytheleastdevelopedcountriesinsub-SaharanAfrica,arefacingmultiplebottleneckssuchasinsufficientcapitalinvestmentandbackwardinfrastructure,makingitdifficulttopromotelarge-scaledevelopmentofrenewableenergy.Inadditiontotheslowdeploymentofrenewableenergy,thepaceofdecommissioningofcoal-firedpowerplantsisalsofarbehindtherequiredschedule.TheIEAdatashowsthattoachievethe1.5°Ctarget,theglobalcoal-firedpowergenerationshareneedstodropfromthecurrent36%to15%by2030.Butasof2023,atotalof45GWofnewcoal-firedpowergenerationcapacityhasbeenputintooperationglobally,anincreaseofnearly10%comparedwith2022.Manyemergingeconomiesrelyoncoaltoensureenergysecurityandmeetgrowingpowerdemand,duetothevolatilityofwindandsolarpowergenerationandthelackoflarge-scaleenergystoragetechnologypopularization.Anotherkeyproblemthatcannotbeignoredistheobstructionofinterestgroups.A2023surveybytheGlobalTransparencyInitiativeshowsthatfossilenergyinterestgroupshaveinvestedmorethan150millioneurosinlobbyingactivitiesinEUinstitutionsaloneinthepastfiveyears,tryingtodelaytheintroductionofmorestringentcarbonemissionreductionpolicies.InNorthAmerica,similarlobbyingactivitieshaveledtotherepeatedapprovalofnewoilandgasdevelopmentprojects,eveniftheseprojectswillbringmorethan1.2billiontonsofadditionalcarbonemissionseachyear,whichisequivalenttothetotalcarbonemissionsofJapanin2022.Thereportalsoputsforwardcorrespondingpathsuggestions.Firstofall,developedcountriesneedtofulfilltheirpromiseofproviding100billionUSdollarsofclimatefinancetodevelopingcountrieseveryyearassoonaspossible,andsupportdevelopingcountriesintechnologytransferandinfrastructureconstruction.Secondly,countriesneedtointroducemoreeffectivepoliciestorestrictnewfossilenergydevelopmentprojects,andprovidefinancialsupportforthetransformationofregionsthatrelyheavilyonfossilenergy.Finally,promotetheR&Dandpopularizationofnewenergystoragetechnologies,reducethecostofgridregulationbroughtbytheaccessofrenewableenergy,andimprovethestabilityoftheenergysystem.Accordingtothecurrentprogress,thepossibilityofachievingthe1.5°Ctargetisstillretained,butallcountriesneedtoacceleratethepaceofactionwithinthenextfiveyears.Oncethewindowofopportunityisclosed,itwillbeimpossibletoreversethetrendofglobalwarming,andtheresultingextremeweather,sealevelriseandecologicaldamagewillbringtrillionsofdollarsofeconomiclossesandaffectthesurvivalanddevelopmentofmorethan1billionpeople.1.AccordingtotheIEA2024report,whatisthecurrentgapbetweentheactualprogressofenergytransitionandthe1.5°Ctarget?A.Thepaceofenergytransitionisslightlyslowerthanrequired,andthegapisnarrowingslowlyB.Thecurrentpaceisfarfrommeetingtherequirement,andthegapisstillexpandingC.Theprogressofdevelopedcountriesmeetstherequirement,butthatofdevelopingcountrieslagsfarbehindD.Thedeploymentofrenewableenergymeetstherequirement,butthedecommissioningofcoalpowerlagsbehind2.Whatistherequiredshareofrenewableenergyinglobalpowergenerationby2030toachievethe1.5°Ctarget,perIEAestimation?A.28%B.31%C.43%D.36%3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthedevelopmentofrenewableenergyiscorrectaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Morethan80%ofglobalrenewableenergyinstalledcapacityisconcentratedin10majoreconomiesB.Theshareofrenewableenergyinglobalpowergenerationincreasedby3percentagepointsbetween2013and2023C.Mostleastdevelopedcountriesinsub-SaharanAfricacannotdeveloprenewableenergyonalargescaleduetocapitalandinfrastructurebottlenecksD.Nodevelopingcountrieshavejoinedtheranksoflarge-scaledevelopmentofrenewableenergy4.AccordingtoIEAdata,whatshouldtheshareofcoal-firedpowergenerationintheworlddroptoby2030forthe1.5°Ctarget?A.15%B.25%C.36%D.10%5.Whydomanyemergingeconomiesstilldevelopnewcoal-firedpowercapacityatpresent?A.TheydonotrecognizethenecessityofcarbonemissionreductionB.Windandsolarpowergenerationisvolatile,andlarge-scaleenergystoragetechnologyisnotwidelyavailableC.CoalminingbringsmorejobopportunitiesthanrenewableenergyD.Developedcountriesencourageemergingeconomiestodevelopcoalpower6.AccordingtotheGlobalTransparencyInitiative2023survey,howmuchhavefossilenergyinterestgroupsinvestedinlobbyinginEUinstitutionsinthepastfiveyears?A.Morethan150millionUSdollarsB.Morethan100millioneurosC.Morethan150millioneurosD.Morethan1.2billioneuros7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapathsuggestionproposedbytheIEAreport?A.DevelopedcountriesfulfilltheclimatefinancepromisetodevelopingcountriesassoonaspossibleB.IntroducepoliciestorestrictnewfossilenergydevelopmentprojectsC.ForceregionsrelyingonfossilenergytoshutdownallrelatedprojectswithinfiveyearsD.PromoteR&Dandpopularizationofnewenergystoragetechnologies8.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappeniftheopportunitywindowtoachievethe1.5°Ctargetisclosed?A.Globaltemperaturerisewillbeirreversible,anditwillbringhugeeconomiclossesandpopulationimpactsB.Globaltemperaturewillriseby2°Cimmediately,andallcoastalcitieswillbesubmergedC.TheinternationalcommunitywillgiveupcarbonemissionreductionactionscompletelyD.Fossilenergyinterestgroupswillcontroltheglobalenergysystemcompletely9.Whatisthemaintoneofthewholepassage?A.PessimisticanddesperateB.ObjectiveandcautiousC.RadicalandaccusatoryD.Indifferentandirrelevant10.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsummaryofthemaincontentofthepassage?A.The1.5°CtemperaturerisetargethasbeenimpossibletoachieveduetotheslowpaceofglobalenergytransitionB.DevelopedcountriesshouldtakefullresponsibilityforthefailureofglobalcarbonemissionreductionactionsC.TheIEAreportpointsoutthegapbetweencurrentglobalenergytransitionprogressandthe1.5°Ctarget,analyzesthecauses,andputsforwardsolutionsD.FossilenergyinterestgroupsaretheonlyobstacletoglobalcarbonemissionreductionPassage2Accordingtothe2024AtlasoftheWorld'sLanguagesinDangerreleasedbyUNESCO,therearecurrentlyabout7,000languagesinusearoundtheworld,andmorethan40%ofthemareindangerofextinction.Onaverage,onelanguagedisappearsfromtheeartheverytwoweeks,andthisrateisexpectedtoaccelerateinthenext50years.Bytheendofthe21stcentury,morethanhalfoftheexistinglanguagesmaydisappearcompletely.Languageextinctionisnotanewphenomenoninhumanhistory,butthecurrentrateoflanguageextinctionis10to100timeshigherthanthenaturalextinctionrateinthepast10,000years.Themaindrivingforcebehindtheacceleratedextinctionoflanguagesisglobalizationandthepopularizationofafewdominantlanguages.Atpresent,only10languagessuchasMandarinChinese,English,Spanish,HindiandArabicareusedbymorethanhalfoftheglobalpopulation,andmorethan90%oftheworld'slanguagesareusedbylessthan100,000peopleeach.Inmanycountries,dominantlanguagesbecometheonlyofficiallanguageusedineducation,governmentandpublicaffairs,forcingspeakersofminoritylanguagestogiveuptheirnativelanguagesinordertoobtainbettereducationandemploymentopportunities.Manypeopleholdtheviewthattheextinctionofminoritylanguagesisaninevitabletrendofdevelopment,whichisconducivetoreducingcommunicationbarriersandpromotingeconomicandculturalexchanges.However,moreandmorelinguisticstudieshaveshownthateachlanguagecarriesauniqueculturalheritageandcognitivesystemthatcannotbereplacedbydominantlanguages.Forexample,manyindigenouslanguageshaveextremelyrichvocabularyforlocalplants,animalsandecologicalknowledge,whichareaccumulatedbyindigenouspeoplethroughthousandsofyearsofinteractionwiththelocalenvironment.Thisknowledgeisofgreatvalueformodernecologicalprotectionandthedevelopmentofnewdrugs.Whenalanguagedisappears,theuniqueknowledgeandculturecarriedbyitwillalsodisappear,whichisanirreparablelossforallmankind.Inaddition,researchfromcognitivesciencepublishedintheJournalofCognitionin2023showsthatmultilingualismcanimprovethecognitiveflexibilityofthebrainanddelaytheonsetofAlzheimer'sdiseasebyanaverageof4years.Theextinctionofminoritylanguagesreducesnotonlyculturaldiversitybutalsothecognitivediversityofhumansociety.Manystudieshavealsoconfirmedthatlanguageprotectioniscloselyrelatedtotherightsandinterestsofindigenousgroups.Protectingtherightofindigenouspeopletousetheirnativelanguagescaneffectivelyimprovetheirsocialstatusandmentalhealth,andreducetheinequalitytheyfaceineducationandmedicalcare.Inrecentyears,thegloballanguageprotectionmovementhasmadesomepositiveprogress.Asof2024,morethan70countrieshaveincludedlanguageprotectionclausesintheirconstitutions,andrecognizedtheofficialstatusofminoritylanguagesinregionswheretheyareconcentrated.Alargenumberoflanguagearchiveshavebeenestablishedaroundtheworldtorecordthevocabulary,grammarandoralliteratureofendangeredlanguages.Inaddition,moreandmoregrassrootslanguagerevitalizationprojectsarecarriedout,offeringmothertonguecoursesforminoritychildren,creatingonlinecommunitiesforminoritylanguageuse,andevendevelopingmobileapplicationsforlearningminoritylanguages.However,languageprotectionstillfacesmanydifficulties.Thebiggestproblemisthelackofsustainedfinancialsupport.Mostlanguageprotectionprojectsrelyonshort-termgovernmentgrantsorfoundationfunding,andveryfewcanachievesustainableoperation.Secondly,manyindigenouscommunitiesareaging,andtherearealmostnoyoungnativespeakers,makingitdifficulttopassonthelanguagetothenextgeneration.Finally,insomecountries,theprotectionofminoritylanguagesstillfacesresistancefromnationalistforces,whichbelievethatthepromotionofminoritylanguageswillthreatennationalunityandculturalidentity.Despiteallthesechallenges,mostlinguistsagreethatlanguageprotectionisacauseworthinvestingin.Thediversityoflanguagesisasimportanttothesurvivalofhumancivilizationasthediversityofspeciesistothestabilityoftheglobalecosystem.Protectingendangeredlanguagesisnotonlytoprotecttherightsofminoritygroups,butalsotopreservethepreciousculturalandcognitivewealthofallmankind.11.AccordingtotheUNESCO2024report,howmanyoftheworld's7,000languagesareindangerofextinction?A.About10%B.Morethan40%C.About50%D.Morethan80%12.Whatisthecurrentrateoflanguageextinctioncomparedwiththenaturalextinctionrateinthepast10,000years?A.2to3timeshigherB.5to10timeshigherC.10to100timeshigherD.100to1000timeshigher13.Whatisthemaindriveroftheacceleratedextinctionoflanguagestoday?A.NaturalevolutionofhumanlanguageB.GlobalizationandpopularizationofafewdominantlanguagesC.NaturaldisastersandecologicaldamageD.Thedeclineofindigenouspopulationscausedbywar14.Accordingtothepassage,whatpercentageoftheglobalpopulationusesthetop10mostwidelyusedlanguagesintheworld?A.Lessthan30%B.About40%C.Morethan50%D.Morethan90%15.WhydomanyspeakersofminoritylanguagesgiveuptheirnativelanguagesaccordingtoParagraph2?A.TheythinktheirnativelanguagesaretoobackwardtouseB.TheyneedtomasterthedominantlanguagetogetbettereducationandjobsC.ThegovernmentforcesthemtogiveuptheirnativelanguagesthroughviolentmeansD.Thenativelanguagescannotadapttotheexpressionneedsofmodernsociety16.Accordingtothepassage,whatvaluedominorityindigenouslanguageshavethatcannotbereplaced?A.TheycarryuniqueecologicalknowledgeaccumulatedoverthousandsofyearsB.TheyaremoreconcisethandominantlanguagesinexpressingmodernconceptsC.TheycanhelppeoplelearnotherlanguagesmoreeasilyD.Theyhavehigherartisticvaluethandominantlanguages17.Accordingtothe2023cognitivescienceresearch,whatbenefitdoesmultilingualismbring?A.ItcanreducetheincidenceofvariouscancersB.Itcanimprovepeople'scommunicationabilityandworkefficiencyC.ItcanimprovebraincognitiveflexibilityanddelaytheonsetofAlzheimer'sdiseaseD.Itcanhelppeoplemaintainmentalhealthandreducethepressureoflife18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifficultyfacedbycurrentlanguageprotectionwork?A.LackofsustainedfinancialsupportB.LackofyoungnativespeakersinmostendangeredlanguagecommunitiesC.ResistancefromnationalistforcesinsomeregionsD.Nocountryhasrecognizedtheimportanceoflanguageprotection19.Whatanalogydolinguistsusetoexplaintheimportanceoflanguagediversityaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.ItisequivalenttothediversityofculturaltraditionsB.ItisequivalenttothediversityofspeciesfortheglobalecosystemC.ItisequivalenttothediversityofeconomicdevelopmentmodelsD.Itisequivalenttothediversityofpoliticalsystemsforglobalgovernance20.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardslanguageprotection?A.Negative,believesthatlanguageextinctionisinevitableandcannotbereversedB.Neutral,doesnotexpressanyclearpositionC.Positive,believesthatlanguageprotectionisaworthwhilecauseforallmankindD.Opposed,believesthatlanguageprotectionhindersglobalcommunicationanddevelopmentPassage3TheriseofgenerativeAIrepresentedbylargelanguagemodelshasbroughtprofoundchangestotheglobaltranslationindustryinrecentyears.Accordingtothe2024GlobalTranslationIndustryReportreleasedbytheInternationalAssociationofProfessionalTranslatorsandInterpreters(IAPTI),theapplicationrateofAItranslationtoolsintheglobaltranslationindustryhasincreasedfrom22%in2021to67%in2023,andmorethan80%ofprofessionaltranslatorsnowuseAI-assistedtranslationtoolsintheirdailywork.ManypeoplepredictthatAIwillcompletelyreplacehumantranslatorsinthenextdecade,leadingtolarge-scaleunemploymentinthetranslationindustry.ButthesurveydataofIAPTIdoesnotsupportthisview.Thereportshowsthatfrom2019to2023,thetotalsizeoftheglobaltranslationmarketincreasedfrom56billionUSdollarsto78billionUSdollars,andthetotalnumberofemployedpeopleintheindustryincreasedby21%duringthesameperiod.Eveninthefieldsofgeneralcontenttranslationsuchasnewsandcommoditydescriptions,whicharemosteasilyimpactedbyAI,thedemandforhumantranslatorsforpost-editinghasincreasedsignificantlywiththepopularizationofAItranslation.WhatAIhaschangedisnotthedemandforhumantranslation,butthedivisionoflaborinthetranslationindustry.Inthepast,professionaltranslatorsneededtospendmorethan60%oftheirworkingtimeonbasictranslationofcommoncontent,andonlylessthan20%ofthetimewasusedforpolishingandproofreadinghigh-valuecontent.Now,afterusingAI-assistedtranslationtools,professionaltranslatorsonlyneedtospendabout20%oftheirtimeonbasictranslationwork,andmorethan60%oftheirtimecanbeusedforpost-editing,culturallocalizationadaptation,andtranslationofhigh-complexitycontentsuchaslegaldocuments,literaryworksandacademicpapers.AlargenumberoftranslationpracticehasshownthatAItranslationstillhasobviousdefectsthataredifficulttoovercomeintheshortterm.Firstofall,AItranslationoftenproduceserrorsrelatedtoculturalcontextandprofessionalknowledge,especiallyfortextsthatcarryspecificculturalconnotationsorinvolvecutting-edgeprofessionalfields,AIoftencannotaccuratelycapturethedeepmeaningoftheoriginaltext.Forexample,inthetranslationofliteraryworks,AIcanoftentranslatetheliteralmeaningaccurately,butitisdifficulttoretaintheliterarystyleandemotionalconnotationoftheoriginaltext.Inthetranslationoflegaldocuments,asmallworderrormayleadtohugelegalrisks,soitmustbecheckedandmodifiedbyprofessionaltranslators.Secondly,AIistrainedbasedonalargenumberofexistingtexts,anditisdifficulttocopewiththeneedsofemergingconceptsandcustomizedtranslation.Foremergingthingssuchasnewtechnologiesandnewculturalphenomenathathaveappearedinthepasttwoyears,thecorpusavailableforAItrainingisinsufficient,anditiseasytoproduceincorrecttranslations.Inaddition,forcustomizedtranslationneedssuchasbrandpropagandacopyandenterprisepublicitymaterialsthatneedtomeetspecificpositioningandstyle,AItranslationoftencannotmeettherequirements,andneedstobeadjustedandcreatedbyprofessionaltranslatorswhounderstandtheclient'sneeds.ThereportalsopointsoutthatthethresholdofthetranslationindustryhaschangedsignificantlyintheAIera.Inthepast,thecorecompetitivenessoftranslatorswasmainlyvocabularyandgrammarability,andthosewhowerefamiliarwithbilingualconversioncouldengageinbasictranslationwork.Now,thecorecompetitivenessoftranslatorshasturnedtotextcontrolability,culturaladaptationability,post-editingefficiencyandprofessionaldomainknowledge.TranslatorswhocanmasterAI-assistedtranslationtoolsandhaveprofessionaldomainknowledgehaveamuchhigherincomethanthosewhoonlyengageinbasictranslation.Accordingtothe2023salarysurveyoftranslatorsintheUnitedStates,theaverageannualincomeoftranslatorswhoareproficientinusingAItoolsandhaveprofessionalcertificationisabout92,000USdollars,whichis45%higherthanthatoftranslatorswhodonotuseAItools.Ingeneral,theriseofgenerativeAIisadisruptivechangeforthetranslationindustry,butitisalsoanopportunitytopromoteindustryupgrading.AIhasreplacedpartofthebasictranslationwork,butithasalsoliberatedhumantranslatorsfromrepetitivework,allowingthemtofocusonhigher-valueworkthatcanreflecthumanintelligenceandcreativity.Fortranslatorswhoarewillingtoactivelylearnnewtechnologiesandimprovetheircomprehensivecapabilities,AIisapowerfulassistantthatcanimproveworkefficiencyandincomelevel,ratherthanacompetitorthatreplacesthem.21.AccordingtotheIAPTI2024report,whatistheapplicationrateofAItranslationtoolsintheglobaltranslationindustryin2023?A.22%B.45%C.67%D.80%22.Accordingtothereport,whatchangehappenedtotheglobaltranslationindustryfrom2019to2023?A.Thetotalmarketsizeshrankby21%B.Thetotalmarketsizeincreased,andthenumberofemployedpeopleincreasedby21%C.Thenumberofemployedpeopledecreasedby21%duetoAIsubstitutionD.Thedemandforhumantranslatorsinallfieldsdecreasedsignificantly23.Accordingtothepassage,whatchangehasAIbroughttotheworkingtimeallocationofprofessionaltranslators?A.Nowtranslatorsspend60%oftheirtimeonbasictranslationworkB.Nowtranslatorsspendmorethan60%oftheirtimeonhigh-valueworksuchaspost-editingandlocalizationC.NowtranslatorsdonotneedtodobasictranslationworkatallD.NowtranslatorsspendmostoftheirtimeontrainingAItranslationmodels24.WhichofthefollowingisanobviousdefectofcurrentAItranslation?A.AItranslationcannottranslatetheliteralmeaningofcommonwordscorrectlyB.AItranslationoftenmakesmistakesinculturalcontextandprofessionalknowledgeC.AItranslationismuchslowerthanhumantranslationD.AItranslationcannothandletranslationtasksofmorethan1000words25.WhyisAItranslationdifficulttoreplacehumantranslatorsinliteraryworkstranslationaccordingtothepassage?A.ThevocabularyofliteraryworksistoocomplexforAItomasterB.AIcannotretaintheliterarystyleandemotionalconnotationoftheoriginaltextC.Literaryworksusuallyhavetoomanylongsentences,whichAIcannotprocessD.Mostliteraryworkshavecopyrightissues,andAIcannotobtainthecorpus26.WhyisAIdifficulttocopewiththetranslationofemergingconceptsofnewtechnologies?A.TheamountofrelatedcorpusforAItrainingisinsufficientB.Newconceptsaretooabstract,andAIcannotunderstandtheirmeaningC.Emergingtechnologiesareupdatedtoofast,andAIchipscannotprocessthelatestinformationD.Humantranslatorshavepatentedthetranslationofemergingconcepts27.WhatisthecorecompetitivenessoftranslatorsintheAIeraaccordingtothepassage?A.BilingualvocabularyandgrammarabilityB.FastspeedofmanualtranslationC.Textcontrolability,culturaladaptationabilityandprofessionaldomainknowledgeD.Abilitytorememberalargenumberofbilingualvocabularies28.Accordingtothe2023UStranslatorsalarysurvey,whatistheaverageannualincomeofcertifiedtranslatorsproficientinAItoolscomparedwiththosewhodonotuseAItools?A.15%higherB.30%higherC.45%higherD.Aboutthesame29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizestheauthor'sviewonAI'simpactonthetranslationindustry?A.AIwillcompletelyreplacehumantranslatorsinthenextdecade,leadingtolarge-scaleunemploymentB.AIhasbroughtindustrialupgradingopportunitieswhilebringingchanges,anditisanassistantratherthanareplacementforqualifiedtranslatorsC.AIhasnoadvantageoverhumantranslation,andwillnothaveanysubstantialimpactontheindustryD.AIwillonlybringnegativeimpactstothetranslationindustry,andtranslatorsshouldresisttheapplicationofAI30.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A.HowtotrainprofessionaltranslatorsintheAIeraB.AdetailedintroductiontotheworkingprincipleoflargelanguagemodelAItranslationtoolsC.AnalysisoftheimpactofgenerativeAIontheglobaltranslationindustrybasedonthelatestindustryreportD.HowtouseAItoolstoimprovetheefficiencyoftranslationpractice参考答案1.B2.C3.C4.A5.B6.C7.C8.A9.B10.C11.B12.C13.B14.C15.B16.A17.C18.D19.B20.C21.C22.B23.B24.B25.B26.A27.C28.C29.B30.C题目解析Passage11.B解析：根据第一段第二句“However,anewreportreleasedbytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)in2024pointsoutthatthecurrentpaceofglobalenergytransitionisfarfromenoughtomeetthistarget,andthegapbetweenactualactionsandexpectedgoalsisstillwidening.”可直接得出答案。2.C解析：根据第二段第二句“ButtheIEAestimatesthattoachievethe1.5°Ctarget,thisshareneedstoreach43%by2030.”可直接得出答案。3.C解析：A选项混淆概念，原文为“morethan80%ofthenewlyaddedrenewableenergyinstalledcapacity”，而非总装机容量；B选项时间错误，原文为2018-2023年增幅3个百分点，而非2013-2023；D选项与原文矛盾，中国等发展中大国已经实现大规模可再生能源开发，只有C表述正确。4.A解析：根据第三段第二句“TheIEAdatashowsthattoachievethe1.5°Ctarget,theglobalcoal-firedpowergenerationshareneedstodropfromthecurrent36%to15%by2030.”可直接得出答案。5.B解析：根据第三段最后一句“Manyemergingeconomiesrelyoncoaltoensureenergysecurityandmeetgrowingpowerdemand,duetothevolatilityofwindandsolarpowergenerationandthelackoflarge-scaleenergystoragetechnologypopularization.”可直接得出答案。6.C解析：根据第四段第二句“A2023surveybytheGlobalTransparencyInitiativeshowsthatfossilenergyinterestgroupshaveinvestedmorethan150millioneurosinlobbyingactivitiesinEUinstitutionsaloneinthepastfiveyears”可直接得出答案，注意区分货币单位即可。7.C解析：A、B、D均为原文提到的合规建议，C选项中“关闭所有项目”表述错误，原文提出“providefinancialsupportforthetransformationofregionsthatrelyheavilyonfossilenergy”，因此C为符合题意的选项。8.A解析：根据最后一段“Oncethewindowofopportunityisclosed,itwillbeimpossibletoreversethetrendofglobalwarming,andtheresultingextremeweather,sealevelriseandecologicaldamagewillbringtrillionsofdollarsofeconomiclossesandaffectthesurvivalanddevelopmentofmorethan1billionpeople.”可知A正确，B选项“所有沿海城市被淹没”属于过度引申，原文未提及，C、D无文本依据。9.B解析：全文基于IEA报告客观介绍现状，分析问题，既指出差距也说明仍有机会，语气客观谨慎，因此B正确。10.C解析：A选项与原文“thepossibilityofachievingthe1.5°Ctargetisstillretained”矛盾，B选项“发达国家承担全部责任”不是原文核心观点，D选项“唯一障碍”表述绝对错误，C准确概括了全文核心内容。Passage211.B解析：根据第一段第一句“therearecurrentlyabout7,000languagesinusearoundtheworld,andmorethan40%ofthemareindangerofextinction.”可直接得出答案。12.C解析：根据第二段第一句“butthecurrentrateoflanguageextinctionis10to100timeshigherthanthenaturalextinctionrateinthepast10,000years.”可直接得出答案。13.B解析：根据第二段第二句“Themaindrivingforcebehindtheacceleratedextinctionoflanguagesisglobalizationandthepopularizationofafewdominantlanguages.”可直接得出答案。14.C解析：根据第二段第三句“Atpresent,only10languagessuchasMandarinChinese,English,Spanish,HindiandArabicareusedbymorethanhalfoftheglobalpopulation”可直接得出答案。15.B解析：根据第二段最后一句“forcingspeakersofminoritylanguagestogiveuptheirnativelanguagesinordertoobtainbettereducationandemploymentopportunities.”可直接得出答案。16.A解析：根据第三段“Forexample,manyindigenouslanguageshaveextremelyrichvocabularyforlocalplants,animalsandecologicalknowledge,whichareaccumulatedbyindigenouspeoplethrough