2025-2026学年北京市通州区高二（下）期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

第第页2026北京通州高二（下）期末英语2026年7月本套样题共10页，共90分。建议时长80分钟。学生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在样题上作答无效。结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用（30分）第一节（每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional___1___andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutweresoamazingtomeandhadsuchabig___2___onhowIsawlifefromthenon.WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto___3___myowncancerexperience?I’manambitiouswriter,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化疗),eventhoughI’mavery___4___person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthemood.Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor___5___,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient___6___whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithmebecausehehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.Itturnedoutthatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewasactuallyapublishedauthor,andhewascurrentlyworkingonanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand___7___friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelyafanofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa___8___onmyface.___9___,hepassedawaylastyearduetohiscancer,butheleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe____10____topickupmypenagain.Ithoughttomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”1.A.ideas B.notes C.memories D.tastes2.A.push B.strike C.impact D.challenge3.A.referto B.getthrough C.learnfrom D.goover4.A.honest B.humorous C.positive D.agreeable5.A.treatment B.advice C.reference D.protection6.A.wondered B.doubted C.forgot D.noticed7.A.helped B.became C.visited D.missed8.A.mask B.mark C.smile D.sign9.A.Unfortunately B.Usually C.Unconditionally D.Unnecessarily10.A.trust B.opportunity C.guidance D.inspiration第二节（每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Previously,waterqualityintheLiRiverhadsufferedgreatlyfromanincreasingvolumeoftourists,manyof____11____frequentlythrewgarbageintotheriver.Manytourboatscontributedtotheproblemtoo.Thegrowthintourismalsomeantthelocalpopulationroserapidly.Inordertofeedmorepeople,morechemicals____12____(use)toincreasecropproduction.Thesechemicalsledtoseverewaterqualityissues.Localofficialswereconcernedthatthepollutionwasdamagingthenaturalenvironmentandfeltthaturgentstepsshouldbetaken____13____(restore)theriver’soriginalbeauty.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。HaikuisaJapaneseformofpoetrythat____14____(consist)of17syllables.Ithasaformatofthreelines,____15____(contain)5,7,and5syllablesrespectively.ItisnotatraditionalformofEnglishpoetry,butisverypopular____16____Englishwriters.Itiseasytowriteand,likethecinquain,cangiveaclearpictureandcreateaspecialfeelingusingveryfewwords.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。It’salmosttimeformetosaygoodbyetoAustralia.I’veenjoyedmytimehereverymuch.Althoughthemainculturalinfluencesince1788____17____(be)Westernculture,minoritycultureshavealsoplayedapartinshapingtheuniqueAustralianculture,withmanyofthenewculturalinfluences____18____(contribute)byimmigrants.Personallyspeaking,____19____IlikemostaboutAustraliaisthepeoplethemselves.Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree-and-easyattitudetowardslife,andtheir____20____(friendly)andwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent.第二部分：阅读理解（28分）第一节（每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Walk1—TheNaturalWorldWithenvironmentalistÉannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2—IntroductiontoHillwalkingEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hoursWalk3—MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorchalongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5hours21.WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?A.Getspecialpermits. B.Bringasurvivalguide.C.Joinawalkingclub. D.Wearproperclothes.22.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?A.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest. B.MoonlightUndertheStars.C.IntroductiontoHillwalking. D.TheNaturalWorld.23.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?A.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers. B.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.C.Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing. D.Theysharethesamestartpoint.BWhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,“Doyouhavetheaddress?”“No,butI’llrecognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.”“Oh,stop.Thereitis!”Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus.“MayIhelpyou?”amanasked.“No,”Isaid.“We’refine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerves.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren’tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(爱窥探的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme.“Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”heasked.Iturnedsharply.“TheMcNayArtMuseum!”Hesmiled,shakinghishead.“Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.”“What’sthisplace?”Iasked,stillconfused.“Well,it’sourhome.”Myheartjolted(震颤).Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,“Sally!Comedownimmediately!”“There’ssomereallygoodstuffupthere.”Shesteppeddown,lookingconfused.Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,“Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,youhaveareallyniceplace.”Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.Shecouldn’tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.TherealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace.“Excuseme,didyoueverenteraresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?”“Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.”“Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I’vealwayswantedtothankyou.”24.Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?A.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers. B.Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.C.Shemistookhimforatourguide. D.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall?A.Concerned. B.Frightened. C.Pleased. D.Puzzled.26.WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?A.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.B.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.C.Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.D.TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.27.Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.B.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.C.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.D.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.CRainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush(灌木丛)intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet—storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld’soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy(树冠层)ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants’waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormal—andinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrain—yourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon’tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity(湿气)oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.28.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?A.Forestanimals. B.Heavyrains. C.Bigtrees. D.Smallplants.29.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A.Forself-protection. B.Forthedetectionofinsects.C.Formoresunlight. D.Formoregrowingspace.30.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnimalsintheAmazon B.WeatherinRainforestsC.TheLawoftheJungle D.Life-GivingRainforestsDAscientistworkingatherlabbenchandasix-month-oldbabyplayingwithhisfoodmightseemtohavelittleincommon.Afterall,thescientistisengagedinseriousresearchtouncovertheverynatureofthephysicalworld,andthebabyis,well,justplaying...right?Perhaps,butsomedevelopmentalpsychologistshavearguedthatthis“play”ismorelikeascientificinvestigationthanonemightthink.Takeacloserlookatthebabyplayingatthetable.Eachtimethebowlofriceispushedoverthetableedge,itfallstotheground—and,intheprocess,itbringsoutimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract:bowlsofricedonotfloatinmid-air,butrequiresupporttoremainstable.Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfactoftheuniverse;noraretheyeverclearlytaughtit.Instead,babiesmayformanunderstandingofobjectsupportthroughrepeatedexperimentsandthenbuildonthisknowledgetolearnevenmoreabouthowobjectsinteract.Thoughtheirrangesandtoolsdiffer,thebaby’sinvestigationandthescientist’sexperimentappeartosharethesameaim(tolearnaboutthenaturalworld),overallapproach(gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld),andlogic(aremyobservationswhatIexpected?).Somepsychologistssuggestthatyoungchildrenlearnaboutmorethanjustthephysicalworldinthisway—thattheyinvestigatehumanpsychologyandtherulesoflanguageusingsimilarmeans.Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,thatababywillcometoaccepttheideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,forexample,unlikethechild,Mommyactuallydoesn’tlikeDovechocolate.Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasascientificinvestigationthrowslightonhowchildrenlearn,butitalsooffersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.Whydoyoungchildrenandscientistsseemtobesomuchalike?Psychologistshavesuggestedthatscienceasaneffort—thedesiretoexplore,explain,andunderstandourworld—issimplysomethingthatcomesfromourbabyhood.Perhapsevolution(进化)providedhumanbabieswithcuriosityandanaturaldrivetoexplaintheirworlds,andadultscientistssimplymakeuseofthesamedrivethatservedthemaschildren.Thesamecognitive(认知的)systemsthatmakeyoungchildrenfeelgoodaboutfiguringsomethingoutmayhavebeenadoptedbyadultscientists.Assomepsychologistsputit,“Itisnotthatchildrenarelittlescientistsbutthatscientistsarebigchildren.”31.Accordingtosomedevelopmentalpsychologists,________.A.ababy’splayissomehowsimilartoascientist’sexperimentB.thenatureofbabies’playhasbeenthoroughlyinvestigatedC.scientificresearchintobabies’gamesispossibleD.ababy’splayisnothingmorethanagame32.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Scientistsandbabiesofteninteractwitheachother.B.Babiesarebornwiththeknowledgeofobjectsupport.C.Babiesseemtocollectevidencejustasscientistsdo.D.Scientistsandbabiesseemtoobservetheworlddifferently.33.Childrenmaylearntherulesoflanguageby_______.A.observingtheirparents’behaviorsB.repeatingtheirownexperimentsC.investigatinghumanpsychologyD.exploringthephysicalworld34.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.B.One’sdriveforscientificresearchmaybecomestrongerashegrows.C.Studyingbabies’playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.D.Theworldmaybemoreclearlyexplainedthroughchildren’splay.35-39学校自主命题第三部分：书面表达（32分）第一节（第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow,especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleof“cool”.ForyearsIwantedtodoeverythingmyelderbrotherTysondid,butnomatterhowhardItried,Iwasalwaystheneglected(被忽略的)one.Mylegsjustweren’tmadetorunlikehis.Icouldneverplaybasketballwell.Iprobablywouldhavecontinuedtryingtokeepupwithhimfortherestofmyhighschoolcareer,butwhenmyfamilymoved,everythingchanged.Tysonleftforcollege,soIhadtostartatanewschoolallbymyself.Thisnewstartgavemeanopportunitytoredefinemyselfanddiscoveranentirelynewversionof“cool”.Idon’tknowwhatmademedecidetotrysomenewactivitiesatthenewschool,butonedayIchancedtoshowupforanafter-schoolmeetingoftheScienceOlympiadteam.Ihadalwaysbeenfascinatedwithchemistry,biology,andmath,butsincethoseinterestshadn’tfitTyson’sdefinitionof“cool”,Ihadneverpursuedthem.Onthisday,forsomereason,Idid.Asweorganizedteams,preparedresourcesandpracticedansweringquestions,IfeltmoreconnectedthanIeverhadtoanysportsteam.Ididn’tfeelasthoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse;Iwasfinallywithpeerswhounderstoodme.ItwassogoodtofeelacceptedforwhatI’mgoodat.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iactuallyfeltcool.NowIknowwhoIam!I’mTyson’slittlebrother,butthat’sonlypartofmyidentity.I’macoolguyinmyownway,too.I’mrelievedtoknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIusedtothink.35.Whatopportunitydidthenewstartgivetheauthor?___________________________________________________________________________36.Whyhadtheauthorneverpursuedtheinterestsofchemistry,biologyandmathbefore?___________________________________________________________________________37.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Theauthorusedtobeneglectedbecausehedidn’tworkhard.___________________________________________________________________________38.Howdoyouunderstand“cool”?Explaininyourownwords.(Inabout40words)___________________________________________________________________________第二节（20分）39.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校交换生Jim打算在暑假期间游览一些中国历史文化名城，向你征询建议。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1．推荐两个城市并说明理由；2．提出旅行注意事项。注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分：知识运用（30分）第一节（每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.D7.B8.C9.A10.D【导语】作者化疗期间偶遇同样喜爱伯尼书籍的八旬病友，老人乐观写作感染了消沉的自己，老人离世后，这份鼓舞让作者重新提笔创作。【1题详解】考查名词。句意：书中那些打破常规的想法以及他笔下与众不同的病人故事让我十分震撼，并且从那以后极大地改变了我看待生活的方式。A.ideas想法；B.notes笔记；C.memories回忆；D.tastes品味。前文“IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.”提到作者大学读BernieSiegel的书并被他积极的态度吸引，书籍里承载的是独特新颖的观点想法。【2题详解】考查名词。句意：书中那些打破常规的想法以及他笔下与众不同的病人故事让我十分震撼，并且从那以后极大地改变了我看待生活的方式。A.push推动；B.strike撞击；C.impact影响；D.challenge挑战。根据后文“onhowIsawlifefromthenon”可知，此处表达书中内容深刻影响了作者的人生观，固定搭配haveanimpacton表示“对……产生影响”。【3题详解】考查动词短语。句意：谁能想到多年之后，我会再次依靠Bernie博士和他的光盘熬过自己的癌症病痛时期？A.referto参考；B.getthrough熬过、渡过；C.learnfrom从……学习；D.goover复习。后文“I’manambitiouswriter,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo”提到作者身患癌症接受化疗，此处需要表达艰难度过患病时光。【4题详解】考查形容词。句意：我是一名有抱负的作家，当我开始化疗时，即便我本身是个十分乐观的人，也失去了写作的动力。A.honest诚实的；B.humorous幽默的；C.positive积极乐观的；D.agreeable随和的。文章开头“IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.”点明作者被Bernie的积极乐观打动，后文出现eventhough表转折，说明原本性格乐观，患病后依旧丧失斗志。【5题详解】考查名词。句意：某天，在等候接受治疗时，我手里拿着一本Bernie博士写的书。A.treatment治疗；B.advice建议；C.reference参考；D.protection保护。前文“Istartedgoingthroughchemo”提到作者正在进行化疗，化疗属于癌症治疗，waitingfortreatment即等候治疗。【6题详解】考查动词。句意：另一位病人注意到我在读的书，主动和我搭话，因为他身边也带了一本Bernie的书。A.wondered想知道；B.doubted怀疑；C.forgot忘记；D.noticed注意到。根据后文“whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithmebecausehehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell”可知，病人注意到作者手中的书才开启交谈。【7题详解】考查动词。句意：我们时常碰面，慢慢成了朋友。A.helped帮助；B.became成为；C.visited拜访；D.missed想念。根据上文“Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand”可知，两人多次相见，关系逐步发展为朋友，becomefriends是固定搭配表示成为朋友。【8题详解】考查名词。句意：他真的让我展露笑颜。A.mask面具；B.mark记号；C.smile微笑；D.sign标志。根据前文“Sometimesheworeaduckhat”可知，这位八十岁病友积极乐观，给低落的作者带来慰藉，putasmileonone’sface为固定短语，意为“让某人开心、展露笑容”。【9题详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，去年他因癌症离世，但他给我留下了深刻的印象，也给予我重新拿起笔写作的动力。A.Unfortunately不幸地；B.Usually通常；C.Unconditionally无条件地；D.Unnecessarily没必要地。后文“hepassedawaylastyearduetohiscancer”说明病友去世，这是一件令人难过的事，unfortunately用于引出不好的消息。【10题详解】考查名词。句意：不幸的是，去年他因癌症离世，但他给我留下了深刻的印象，也给予我重新拿起笔写作的动力。A.trust信任；B.opportunity机会；C.guidance指导；D.inspiration灵感、鼓舞人心的力量。根据上文“butheleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe”可知，作者失去写作动力，看到身患癌症仍坚持写书的老人后重拾创作欲，老人给予作者鼓舞与写作灵感。第二节（每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.whom12.wereused13.torestore【导语】文章主要说明了从前漓江因游客乱扔垃圾、游船排污、农田大量使用化肥水质变差，当地官员担忧环境遭破坏，决定立刻采取措施恢复漓江原貌。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：此前，由于游客数量不断增加，漓江的水质受到了严重影响，许多游客经常将垃圾扔入河中。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourists，作介词的宾语，用whom。【12题详解】考查时态语态。句意：为了养活更多的人，人们使用了更多的化学物质来提高农作物产量。主语chemicals与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，认为必须采取紧急措施恢复河流的原始风貌。此处restore作目的状语，用不定式。【答案】14.consists15.containing16.with【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了日本俳句，共十七音节，分三行遵循五、七、五音节格式。它虽非英语诗歌的传统形式，却受英国作家喜爱，文字简练，易勾勒画面、营造独特意境。【14题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：俳句是一种由17个音节组成的日本诗歌形式。此处为that引导的定语从句中谓语动词的填入，先行词aJapaneseformofpoetry为单数概念，关系代词that在从句中作主语，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，故consist变为consists。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它有三行格式，分别包含5、7和5个音节。句中已有谓语动词has，因此空格处需填非谓语。逻辑主语it（指代俳句）与contain是主动关系，表示“（格式）包含5、7、5个音节”，故用现在分词containing作伴随状语，补充说明格式的具体内容。【16题详解】考查固定短语。句意：它并非传统的英语诗歌形式，但在英语作家中非常流行。此处为固定短语bepopularwithsb.意为“受某人欢迎”，符合语境。【答案】17.hasbeen18.contributed19.what20.friendliness【导语】本文主要讲述了作者即将告别澳大利亚，介绍澳大利亚文化构成特点，并表达自己最喜爱澳大利亚当地人的随和友善。【17题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：尽管自1788年以来主要文化影响一直是西方文化，但少数族裔文化也在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化中发挥了作用，许多新的文化影响由移民带来。根据时间状语“since1788”可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语themainculturalinfluence为单数名词，助动词用has，be动词变为been。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管自1788年以来主要文化影响一直是西方文化，但少数族裔文化也在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化中发挥了作用，许多新的文化影响由移民带来。此处为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语manyofthenewculturalinfluences与contribute之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。【19题详解】考查主语从句。句意：就我个人而言，我最喜欢澳大利亚的地方是当地人本身。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少like的宾语，表示“事物”，用连接代词what引导。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：他们对待生活坦率随性，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都感觉宾至如归。空处与warmth并列作句子主语，friendly的名词形式为friendliness，意为“友善，友好”，为不可数名词。第二部分：阅读理解（28分）第一节（每小题2分，共28分）【答案】21.D22.A23.B【导语】文章介绍卡洛秋季徒步节四条徒步路线的向导、时间、起点与行程时长等相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars部分中“Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(着装不当者将被禁止参与活动。)”可知，参与者需要穿着合适的衣物。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Walk1—TheNaturalWorld部分中“WalkDuration:6hours(徒步时长：6小时)”、Walk2—IntroductiontoHillwalking部分中“WalkDuration:5hours(徒步时长：5小时)”、Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars部分中“WalkDuration:3hours(徒步时长：3小时)”、Walk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest部分中“WalkDuration:1.5hours(徒步时长：1.5小时。)”可知，基尔布兰尼什森林摄影徒步用时最短。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Walk1—TheNaturalWorld部分中“DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00(日期及时间：10月1日（周六）上午9:00)”、Walk2—IntroductiontoHillwalking部分中“DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00(日期及时间：10月2日（周日）上午9:00)”、Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars部分中“DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30(日期及时间：10月1日（周六）18:30)”、Walk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest部分中“DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45(日期及时间：10月2日（周日）11:45)”可知，四项徒步活动都安排在周末。【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.B【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了作者十七岁时和朋友误将一户人家当作麦卡尼博物馆参观，闹出乌龙。这场意外让屋主孩子发现了自家居所的美好，多年后她特地向作者表达了感谢。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中““MayIhelpyou?”amanasked.“No,”Isaid.“We’refine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerves.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren’tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs.(“可以帮您一下吗？”一个男人问道。“不用，”我说，“我们没事。”但导游们让我感到烦躁。万一他们长时间谈论一幅你并不感兴趣的作品怎么办？莎莉已经上楼了。)”可知，作者把屋子里的男士误认成了博物馆导游，出于对导游冗长讲解的反感而拒绝了帮助。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(爱窥探的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme.“Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”heasked.Iturnedsharply.“TheMcNayArtMuseum!”Hesmiled,shakinghishead.“Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.”“What’sthisplace?”Iasked,stillconfused.“Well,it’sourhome.”Myheartjolted(震颤).Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,“Sally!Comedownimmediately!”(大厅里的人看起来爱窥探的，一直用眼睛打量着我。他们到底在闹什么？我在一个房间里看到了一些漂亮的雕塑。突然，我感觉有个人站在我的身后。“你以为你现在在什么地方？”他问。我猛地转过身。“麦卡尼艺术博物馆！”他笑着摇了摇头。“抱歉，麦卡尼在纽布朗费尔斯街。”“这是哪儿？”我仍感到困惑地问。“嗯，这里是我们的家。”我的心猛地一跳。我赶紧跑向楼梯口，大声喊道：“莎莉！“快下来！”)”可推知，作者对被大厅里的人盯着感到困惑。【26题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文的核心叙事是“误闯私人住宅”的经历，这件事不仅是文章的主要情节，还在三十年后带来了改变他人认知的深远影响；真正的麦卡尼博物馆只是故事的背景与对照，并非写作重点。因此作者只用寥寥数笔带过真正的博物馆，是因为误闯民宅的事件更具意义。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I’vealwayswantedtothankyou.”(“那是我的家。我十几岁的时候坐在大厅里。在你来之前，我从未意识到自己住的地方如此美丽。我以前从未觉得幸运过。你认为它是个博物馆。从那以后，我对自己的家有了不同的感受。我一直想谢谢你。”)”可推知，从最后一段我们能提炼出道理：人们往往对身边的美视而不见，需要外来视角才会察觉。【答案】28.C29.A30.D【导语】文章主要介绍了热带雨林丰富的生物物种、对地球大气的重要作用、独特的内部生存机制以及降雨特点，展现了热带雨林强大的自我维持能力与生态价值。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy(树冠层)ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.(热带雨林拥有保障自身存活的完备体系；高大树木形成由枝干和叶片构成的树冠层，保护自身、小型植物以及林中动物免受大雨、太阳强烈干热和强风的侵袭。)”可知，大树是助力热带雨林存活的最主要因素。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.

Scientiststhinkthisistheplants’waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.(令人惊奇的是，树木有着特殊的生长方式：它们的枝叶尽管彼此挨得很近，却始终不会和其他树木的枝叶相互触碰。科学家认为，这是植物阻止树木疾病传播、让毛毛虫等食叶昆虫更难生存的方式。)”可知，不同树木的枝叶互不触碰属于植物的自我保护行为。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.(热带雨林是大量药用植物、食物、鸟类和动物的家园。)”、第二段“Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet—storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld’soxygen.(热带雨林是地球之肺——储存大量二氧化碳，产出全球相当一部分氧气。)”以及最后一段“Thehumidity(湿气)oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.(大型热带雨林的湿气促成雨云形成，雨云可以移动到其他缺水国家。)”可知，全文围绕热带雨林孕育多样生命、调节地球气候、供给水源展开，突出其赋予万物生机的特点，D选项“Life-GivingRainforests(赋予生命的热带雨林)”能概括全文主旨。【答案】31.A32.C33.B34.C【导语】文章主要讲述婴儿玩耍与科学探究存在诸多共通之处。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Perhaps,butsomedevelopmentalpsychologistshavearguedthatthis“play”ismorelikeascientificinvestigationthanonemightthink.(或许事实并非如此，部分发展心理学家提出，这种“玩耍”远比人们想象的更接近一场科学探究。)”可知，婴儿的玩耍在某种程度上和科学家的实验相似。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thoughtheirrangesandtoolsdiffer,thebaby’sinvestigationandthescientist’sexperimentappeartosharethesameaim(tolearnaboutthenaturalworld),overallapproach(gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld),andlogic(aremyobservationswhatIexpected?).(尽管二者的研究范围和使用工具不同，婴儿的探究和科学家的实验却有着相同的目