人教版七年级英语下册1-4单元知识点总结

人教版七年级英语下册1-4单元知识点总结同学们，新学期的英语学习已经进行了一段时间，我们共同完成了前四个单元的内容。这四个单元为我们展现了丰富多彩的语言世界，从询问能力、谈论日常作息，到如何出行以及遵守规则，每一个话题都与我们的生活息息相关。为了帮助大家更好地巩固所学，查漏补缺，下面我将对这四个单元的核心知识点进行梳理和总结，希望能为大家的复习提供有力的支持。第一单元：Canyouplaytheguitar?本单元的核心在于围绕“能力”展开，学习如何询问他人是否具备某种技能，以及如何表达自己的能力或喜好。核心语法点1.情态动词"can"的用法：*表示能力：意为“能，会”。*肯定句：主语+can+动词原形+其他。例如：Icanplaybasketball.(我会打篮球。)*否定句：主语+cannot(can't)+动词原形+其他。例如：Shecan'tswim.(她不会游泳。)*一般疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+can.否定回答：No,主语+can't.例如：CanyouspeakEnglish?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.*表示请求或许可：意为“可以”。例如：CanIhelpyou?(我能帮你吗？)CanIgonow?(我现在可以走了吗？)2.动词原形的运用：在情态动词"can"之后，所有动词都要用原形。重点词汇与短语*能力相关动词：sing,dance,swim,draw,play(theguitar/piano/violin/drums),speak(English/Chinese),cook,playchess*其他核心词汇：club,tell,story,write,show,or,talk,join,teach*短语：playtheguitar(注意乐器前加"the"),playchess(棋类前不加"the"),speakEnglish,jointheart/music/swimmingclub,tellstories,showsb.sth./showsth.tosb.日常交际用语*Whatcanyoudo?Ican.../Ican't...*Canyou...?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.*Whatclubdoyouwanttojoin?Iwanttojointhe...club.*You'reverygoodat...(你很擅长……)第二单元：Whattimedoyougotoschool?本单元主要围绕“时间”和“日常作息”展开，学习如何询问和表达具体时间，以及描述日常活动。核心语法点1.时间表达法：*直接表达法：小时+分钟。例如：6:00six(o'clock),7:05sevenfive,8:30eightthirty,9:45nineforty-five。*间接表达法（半点及以后常用）：*"past"(过)：分钟+past+小时(用于分钟≤30)。例如：7:10tenpastseven,8:30halfpasteight。*"to"(差)：(60-分钟)+to+(小时+1)(用于分钟>30)。例如：9:40twentytoten,10:55fivetoeleven。*特殊表达：aquarter(一刻钟，15分钟),half(一半，30分钟)。例如：3:15aquarterpastthree,4:45aquartertofive。2.一般现在时（第三人称单数）：*当主语是第三人称单数（he,she,it,单个人名或事物）时，句中的谓语动词要加"s"或"es"。*变化规则：*一般情况加"s"：work-works,get-gets。*以"s,x,ch,sh"结尾的动词加"es"：watch-watches,brush-brushes。*以辅音字母加"y"结尾的动词，变"y"为"i"加"es"：study-studies。*特殊变化：have-has。*例句：Hegetsupatsixthirty.Shegoestoschoolatsevenforty.重点词汇与短语*时间名词：time,o'clock,morning,afternoon,evening,night,quarter,half*动词及动词短语：getup,dress,brush(teeth),wash(face),eatbreakfast/lunch/dinner,gotoschool,start/begin,haveclass,finish,gohome,do(one's)homework,gotobed,takeashower*频度副词：usually,always,often,sometimes,never*其他词汇：job,work,funny,exercise,best,group,taste,quickly,either,lot,life日常交际用语*Whattimeisit?/What'sthetime?It's...*Whattimedoyouusually...?Iusually...at...*Whendoyou...?I...at...*That'safunnytimefor...!*Iusuallyexercisefrom...to...第三单元：Howdoyougettoschool?本单元围绕“出行方式”展开，学习如何询问和描述到达某地所使用的交通方式以及花费的时间。核心语法点1.How引导的特殊疑问句（提问交通方式）：*Howdoyougettoschool?你怎样去上学？*步行：onfoot.例如：Igettoschoolonfoot.*其他表达：take+冠词+交通工具.例如：Itakethebustoschool.(=Igettoschoolbybus.)*动词短语：rideabike,driveacar,walk。例如：Iridemybiketoschool.(=Igettoschoolbybike.)2.询问距离和花费时间：*Howfarisitfrom...to...?It'sabout...kilometers/miles.*Howlongdoesittake(you)togettoschool?Ittakes(me)about...minutes/hours.*"Ittakessb.sometimetodosth."句型：做某事花费某人多长时间。例如：Ittakesme20minutestowalktoschool.重点词汇与短语*名词：station,stop,minute,kilometer/mile,river,village,bridge,boat,year,dream*形容词和副词：far,near,quick,slow,many,much,about日常交际用语*Howdoyougettoschool?Igettoschoolby.../Itakethe.../Iridemybike.../Iwalk...*Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?It'sabout...*Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettoschool?Ittakesabout...*Doyouwalkorrideabike?I...*Thatmustbealotmorefunthantakingabus!第四单元：Don'teatinclass.本单元围绕“规则”展开，学习如何制定、谈论和遵守各种场合的规则，核心是祈使句的用法。核心语法点1.祈使句：*肯定祈使句：动词原形开头，表示命令、请求、建议或邀请。例如：Standup.Bequiet.Listentome.Followtherules.*否定祈使句：Don't+动词原形开头，表示“不要做某事”。例如：Don'teatinclass.Don'tbelateforschool.Don'truninthehallways.*否定祈使句的强调：No+名词/V-ing形式。例如：Nophotos!(禁止拍照！)Nosmoking!(禁止吸烟！)*be动词开头的祈使句：Bequiet.Beontime.Becareful.2.情态动词"must"和"haveto"：*must：表示主观上“必须”，强调说话人的意愿或义务。否定形式mustn't(mustnot)表示“禁止，不允许”。例如：Imuststudyhard.Youmustn'tparkhere.*haveto：表示客观上“不得不，必须”，强调外界的规则或要求。否定形式don't/doesn'thaveto表示“不必”。*can和can't：表示“允许”和“不允许”。例如：Wecaneatinthedininghall.Wecan'teatintheclassroom.重点词汇与短语*规则相关动词：arrive,be(ontime),listen,fight,wear,bring,quiet,eat,run,talk,follow,keep,learn*形容词和副词：ontime,late,sorry,quiet,noisy,terrible,strict,important,outside,inside*短语：inclass,inthehallways,inthedininghall,listentomusic,fightwithsb.,wearahat,arrivelateforclass,beontime,followtherules,keepquiet,haveto,mustn't,cleantheclassroom,toomany,makeone'sbed,dothedishes日常交际用语*Don'teatinclass.*Youmustbeontime.*Canwelistentomusicintheclassroom?No,wecan't./Yes,wecan.*Whataretherules?Well,wecan't...andwemust...*Doyouhavetowearauniform