高级英语第一册Unit10TheTrialThatRockedtheWorld

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BookOneUnit10TheTrialThatRockedtheWorldByJohnScopes

silver-tonguedorator;asilvertonguee.g.Sometimeswedogetfooledbyallthatbeautifullypackaged,silver-tonguedhypeoftherecordcompanies.bebornwithasilverspooninthemouthEverycloudhasasilverlining.黑暗之中总有光明。Speechissilver,butsilenceisgolden.SilverState:informalnameforNevadaandColoradosilvermedal;silverjubilee;silverwedding;thesilverscreen;silvercounsel:|u|advice:Theyrefusedtolistentotheoldman’scounsel.|c|oneormorelawyersactingforsb.inacourtoflaw.e.g.Thecounselareagreed.Thejudgeaskedthecounselforthedefensetoexplainhispoint.take/holdcounselforadvice:toasksb.foradviceCf.council:agroupofpeopleappointedorelectedtomakelaws,rules,ordecisions,foratown,etc.,ortogiveadvice.thestatecouncil国务院theCouncilofMinisters内阁theUNSecurityCouncil安理睬Officialmeetingsofthetowncouncil镇政会arealwaysheldinthecouncilchamber会议室.hand:onhand:present,availablethehiddenhandtheminute[hour]handaskforagirl'shandgiveone'shandtosb.afresh[green]handacrack[good,great]handextrahandsatfirsthand

(knowledgeatfirsthand)。atsecondhandathandhand:beoutofsb.'shandsbyhand:e.g.deliveraletterbyhandfoldone'shandsfromhandtomouth

gain[get,have]theupperhandof

getabighand

handinhand:e.g.toacthandinhand。Handsoff!Handsup!holdupone'shandshand:inhand:e.g.Wehavethesituationwellinhandkisshands(thehand)

kissone'shandto

losetheupperhand

onhand

outofhandtryone'shandat

proof:evidenceorargumentestablishingorhelpingtoestablishafactorthetruthofastatement确实证据，不容置疑的证据Hisactionswereproofthathewastellingthetruth.Youwillbeaskedtogiveproofofyouridentity.Theproofofthepuddingisintheeating.Erupt:toexplodeandpouroutfire(volcanoes,geysers,wars,emotions,etc.)Geysersandvolcanoeserupt.Thevolcanoeruptedlavaandashes.Heeruptedangrywords.Violenceeruptedinthecityafterthefootball.aim(at):pointordirecttowardssomeobject,esp.withtheintentionofhittingitCf.aim/direct/level/point/trainThecentralmeaningsharedbytheseverbsistoturnsomethinginthedirectionofanintendedgoalortarget.aimedthecameraattheguests directinghereyesonthebook leveledcriticismattheadministration pointingafingeratthesuspect trainedthegunontheintruder snowball:toincreaseinsizefasterandfasteroruncontrollablyTheeffectofrisingpriceshassnowballed.Hehelpedtheorganizationtosnowballitspoliticalinfluence.他协助那家机构快速增大政治影响力。Thenumberofsignersofthepetitionforanewschoolsnowballed.规定增设新学校的签名人数越来越多。异教徒infidel:apersonwhodoesnotbelieveinreligionorwhoadherestoareligionotherthanone’sown,implyingbeinginthehandsofthedevilpagan:apersonholdingreligiousbeliefsotherthanthoseofthemainworldreligionsheretic:apersonbelievinginorpracticingreligiousheresysteepedin:

thoroughlyfilledorfamiliarwith;saturated,immersed,imbuedwithaplacesteepedinmysteryamindsteepedinlawbesteepedinwomenandliquor沉缅于酒色

agnostic:apersonwhobelievesthatonecanonlyhaveknowledgeofmaterialthingsandthatnothingisorcanbeknownaboutGodorlifeafterdeath.不可知论者atheist:apersonwhodisbelievesintheexistenceofGod.无神论者cf.aesthete:apersonwhoisappreciativeoforsensitivetoartandbeauty.唯美主义者，审美者session:aformalmeetingofanorganization,esp.alaw-makingbodyorcourt.Beseated!Thiscourtisinsession.Thisyear’ssessionofCongresswasunusuallylong.themorning/afternoonsessionthe2ndSessionofthe10thNationalPeople’sCongress第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议（NPC)

the2ndSessionofthe10thChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC)第十届中国人民政治协商会议第二次会议takelegalproceedingsagainstsb.对----提出诉讼takedivorceproceedings提出离婚诉讼contentiousprocedure诉讼程序growl:tomakeadeeproughsoundinthethroattoshowangerorgivewarning,adeeproughsoundThedogwasangryandgrowledatme.Weheardthundergrowlinginthedistance.Hegrowled(out)hisdisapproval.Heansweredthequestionwithagrowl.thunder:tothunderthreats(condemnation,denouncement)somephrases:inthunder(usedforgivingforcetoaquestion)Whatinthunderdoyouthinkyou’redoing?like/asblackasthunder(veryangry/annoyed)stealone’sthunder(剽窃别人的思想或办法等),（用预期表演或言论等之精彩而使实际体现为之失色）gone:nolongerpresent,departed

GonearethedayswhenimperialistscouldrunroughshodovertheChinesepeople.Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoungandgay.GonearethedayswhenIcouldsleepforaslongasIpleased.arena:thecentral(middle)partofaRomanamphitheater,usedforpublicsportsandfights,amusement.arenaofpolitics,arenaofWorldWarII(ascene/place),literaryarena-------business,cultural,academic,theatricalcircle

quarters

界diplomaticquarters外交界dinancialquarters金融界thehighestquarters最高层thequartersconcerned有关方面theplatformthepulpitliteratiinthefieldofmedicinethescientificfieldreconcile:1 ifyoureconciletwobeliefs,facts,ordemandsthatseemtobeopposedorcompletelydifferent,youfindawayinwhichtheycanbothbetrueorbothbefulfilled.vt.e.g.It’sdifficulttoreconcilethedemandsofmyjobandthedesiretobeagoodfather.2 Ifyouarereconciledwithsomeone,youbecomefriendlywiththemagainafteraquarrelordisagreement.e.g.HeneverbelievedheandSusanwouldbereconciled.3 Ifyoureconciletwopeople,youmakethembecomefriendsagainafteraquarrelordisagreemente.g.…myattempttoreconcilehimwithToby4 Ifyoureconcileyourselftoanunpleasantsituation,youacceptit,althoughitdoesnotmakeyouhappytodoso.e.g.Shehadreconciledherselftoneverseeinghimagain.Shefelt,ifnotgratefulforherownlot,atleastalittlemorereconciledtoit.deliberate/ponder:Bothemphasizetheslow,carefulprocessofweighingpossibilities/alternatives.deliberate:stressestheslowness,rationalprocessofdecision-making.Thejurydeliberatedfourhoursbeforebringinginaverdict.Jurorsdeliberatedthefateofthosecharged.Shedeliberatedoverthemenu.deliberate/ponder:ponder:stressestheweighingofpossibilitiesandpointstothesolemnityanddifficultyoftheproblem,towhichtheremaybenosolution.TheMinisterforDefenseponderedtheproblemofhowtomaintainnationalsecuritywithoutcompromisingindividualfreedom.Iponderedthequestionofwhatclothestowearfortheoccasion.Shesatponderingoverherproblem.cower(wince,shrink,flinch)shrinkfromapersonoractionbecauseofalarm,cowardice,servility,obsequiousness,cold,alsoindicateafearfulandtremblingrecoilordrawingbackfromdanger,pain,extremediscomfort.antonyms:confront,face,carryoff(todo/performeasily,successfully),brazenout(tofacetrouble/blamewithshamelessdaring)Hecoweredinfrozenpanicasthehorsesstampededtowardshim.repel/repulse1,todrivebackbyorasifbyforcetorepelanattack/anenemy2.tocausefeelingsofdislikeinLet’sgoatonce!Yourepelme.Hisaccentrepelsme.他说话的腔调让我恶心。3.make…displeasedEvilodorsinvariablyrepel.臭味总让人不愉快。4.beagainsteachotherParticleswithsimilarelectricchargesrepeleachother.带有同性电荷之物体相排斥。5.bewaterproofThiscoatrepelsrain.repellantappearance令人憎恶的外貌repulse:1.todriveback(anenemy/attack)torepulsetheenemy2.torefusecoldly;pushaway(afriendlyperson,oranofferoffriendship)Heofferedtohelp,butwasrepulsed.BryanislikeDonQuixoteinhisactions,fightingwindmillsortiltingatwindmills,toodramaticandtoopretentioustobereallyconvincingandimpressive.punctuateinterruptperiodicallyThefootballgamewaspunctuatedbythecheersofeachteam’ssupporters.ShepunctuatedhisprayerwithAmens.Hepunctuatedhisspeechwithgestures.Hepunctuatedhislecturewithafewwell-chosenjokes.笑snigger/snicker:窃笑

smotheredorhalf-suppressedlaughter.TheysniggeredwhenheannouncedthathewouldsomedaybePrimeMinister.Theboyssniggeredasthepoordogranaboutwithatincantiedtoitstail.

chuckle:low-keyed,reflective,expressingappreciation,satisfaction,denotequietlaughter,usu.harmless,pleasant,good-naturedintonechortle—chuckle+snort:highglee,impishness咯咯笑giggle/titter:嗤嗤笑，傻笑，uncontrollablefitofsillybutharmlesslaughter,high-pitchedsounds,usu.associatedwithchildrenorgirls.slurunfairdamagingremarkstoharmone’sreputationslandern/vblasphemev.亵渎，辱骂castslursuponone’sfriendssny.smear,disgrace,insulthubbubamixtureofloudnoisestumultbrawldinroarracketrowuproarpandemoniumcommotionclamour(heart,sympathies,feelings)goouttosbbeextendedto(offeelings)tobeinsympathywith;feelsorryforTheEnglishman’sheartwentouttothepitifulfigure.Myheartcouldn’thelpgoingouttothehelplesswoundedchildrenindirtyragswhoseparentsdiedintherecentIraqiwar.Ourthoughtsgoouttoourfriendsabroad.Ourheartsgoouttotheheroicfightersintheforefrontofanti-imperialiststruggle.juryThejuryfindstheprisonerguilty.Thejuryweredividedinopinion.陪审团意见分歧。Thejurywere(was)askedtoconsidertheirverdictatnoonthefollowingday.(ajuryanchor)inthewakeof:closebehindandinthesamepathoftravelasThecarleftcloudsofdustinitswake.Traderscameinthewakeoftheconqueringarmy.商人们随着征服的军队而来。asaresultof;followingasaconsequencehungeranddiseaseinthewakeofwarHowmanylegaltermsdoyouknow?offence:commitanoffenceagainstarule犯规commitacrime(oftheft)/breakthelawgive/cause~tosb.得罪某人take~atsth.因某事而愤怒afirst~初犯accuseaccusesb.ofacrimechargesb.withmurderandarsontheaccused,thechargedparty,defendant,indictee被告accusant,accuser,plaintiff,indictor原告accuseappealtolaw;enter(bringin)alawsuitagainstsb对起诉lodgeacomplaint提起诉讼；提起申诉Instituteproceedings,进行诉讼civillaw:suitsbetweenindividuals:insuranceclaims,divorces,businessmalpracticescriminallaw:rangingfromtrafficticketstohighjacking,murder,treason,arsonsuefordivorce申请离婚crimehomicideattemptedmurderinfanticideassaultandbatterykidnapping,abductionhighjackingpiracyrape杀人罪谋杀未遂杀婴殴打，侵犯人身罪诱拐，拐骗劫持（飞机）海盗罪，盗版强奸罪theft,larcenyarmedrobberyburglarysmuggling,contrabandswindleembezzlementbribery,suborningfraud盗窃罪持械抢劫入室行窃走私罪诈骗罪贪污公款罪行贿，受贿欺诈taxevasion偷税misuseofauthority滥用职权blackmail敲诈讹诈calumny,slander诽谤罪intoxication酗酒harbor包庇，窝藏罪receive窝赃罪threat,menace恐吓hightreason叛国罪adultery通奸disturbanceofpeace扰乱治安customsduties关税deathduty(tax)遗产税royalties版税stampduty(tax)印花税incometax所得税summonsissueasummons发出传票serveasummonsonsb把传票送达…subpoena传票court:

judge:robe,gavel,wig,badgelawyer;attorney;attorney-at-law（美）律师,

attorney-in-fact代理人barrister（英，有资格出席高等法院的）律师,solicitor（英，初级）律师,

courtdaycourtroom审判室lawcourt法院，法庭appearincourt出庭，到庭dock被告席（刑庭）beinthedock在受审dockbrief（英）律师给无钱被告的免费辩护pleainbar答辩bystanderinacourt旁听者presidentoflawcourtchief/presidingjudge庭长engrossmentclerk书记员court:extenuatingcircumstances可使罪行减轻的状况aggravating~可加重罪行的状况exculpatory~可开脱罪责的状况exonerating~可证明无罪的状况court:jury:juror,foreman陪审长,

jurybox,hungjury悬而不决的陪审团,

mistrial无效审判（因诉讼程序错误或陪审团意见不一等）acoroner’sjury/ajuryofinquest（审查死因的）验尸陪审团counseldefender辩护人,counselforthedefense,defensecounsel辩护律师prosecution原告及其律师,counselfortheprosecution控方律师testifywitness,eyewitness,sidewitness,witnessboxtestimony,testify,testimonialcallsb.intestimony,giveevidence,perjury;perjuryoneself;perjurer作伪证;使作伪证；作伪证者takeanoath,WhatIsayisthetruth,thewholetruth,andnothingbutthetruth.我所说的全是事实，决无谎言。examination,cross-examinationObjection!Objectionsustained.Ove