模块二　第3讲　冠词

语法精析•洞悉考情语法精讲•把握规律模块二不可忽视的小词:冠词、代词、介词(短语)、数词第3讲冠词语法精析•洞悉考情【考情探究】近3年新高考卷对于冠词的考查共计5次,主要考查:速览考频新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷202420232022不定冠词010定冠词112零冠词000【备考策略】语法填空对冠词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,主要集中考查冠词的基本用法,根据习惯用法或固定句型确定冠词。注意冠词的一些特殊用法。1.根据泛指或特指选择冠词如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。2.根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语,记住这些句式和短语也有利于解决此类问题。语法精讲•把握规律考点一不定冠词a/an的用法1.表示“一个”,意为one;指某人或某物,意为acertain。※A

teacherisapersonwhoteaches.※An

applefallsdownbecauseofgravity.2.代表一类人或物。(1)不定冠词a/an与数词one同源,表示“一个”的意思。a用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词前,an则用于发音以元音音素开头的单词前。注意此处不是指辅音字母和元音字母。(2)不定冠词的其他用法①不定冠词可以用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,使之具体化。这样的物质名词有rain,snow,fog,wind,drink,coffee,beer,fire,paper等;抽象名词有success,failure,surprise,pleasure,beauty,wonder,comfort,danger,shock等。②knowledge,collection,understanding等名词后加of...时,其前常用不定冠词a/an。③“amost+形容词”表示“很……,非常……”,most在此不表示最高级含义,相当于very;而“the+most+多音节形容词”为多音节形容词的最高级形式,表示“最……”。※Foragreatmanymenandwomen,romancecanbea

mostimportantpartofmarriage.※Itisoneofthe

mostoriginalworksofimaginationinthelanguage.【活学活用】(1)(2024·十堰模拟)Lǎozìhàoreferstotheoldandfamousshops,whichhavealwaysbeenreliableandtrustworthyandstillenjoy___

irreplaceablepositioninpeople’smindssincelongtime.(2)(2024·河北模拟)Thesong’slyrics(歌词)paint__

richpictureofpersonalmemoriesanduniversalemotions,revealingtheessenceofwhatitmeanstoleaveapartofoneselfbehindinthepursuitofdreams.(3)(2024·柳州模拟)LiuDai’eisknownas__

nationalinheritorofTujiabrocadeweaving(土家织锦).anaa(4)(2024·辽宁模拟)Historically,MountTaiservedas___

essentialceremonialcenterinChina,witnessingthepresenceof72emperors.(5)(2024·重庆模拟)Itisabeautifuldrone(无人机)shot,__

popularkindofvideoyoumightseeinatravelvideo.ana考点二定冠词the的用法1.表示特指的人或物,或者双方都知道的或心中都明白的人或物,或者指上文已经提到过的人或物。※YesterdayJohn’sfatherboughthimanewbike.Thebikecosthim200yuan.2.用于单数可数名词前,表示整个类属。※Ithinkthetelephonewasinventedbeforethecar.3.用于某些形容词、分词前表示一类人/物或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人。※Therichwillbeaskedtocontributemoney;thestrongtocontributelabour.※TheGreenssaidyouwouldtravelwiththem.4.用在被短语或从句修饰的名词前表示特指。※ThisistheboywhosemotherisourChineseteacher.5.表示世界上独一无二的事物,如themoon,thesun,theearth,theuniverse,theworld,thesky等。※Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.6.用在序数词、形容词/副词最高级以及形容词only,very,same等前面。※Ifeltthepressureofbeingthefirstwomaninthejob.【点津】

当序数词不表示顺序而表示“又一,再一”时,用不定冠词,如asecondtime意为“再一次,又一次”。7.用于表示方位、西洋乐器等的名词前,如intheeast,inthenorthwest,playthepiano等。8.用于表示某世纪/年代/时期/朝代的名词前。※Hemovedtothesouthinthesixties.9.用在表示度量单位的名词前,如bythehour/day/week/month/year/dozen/yard/ton/kilo,但是size/weight/time这类名词跟by连用时不加冠词。※Ihiredthecarbythehour.【活学活用】(1)(2024·湖北模拟)Theessenceofthis“fancyrat-race”liesin____

factthatvariousregionalculturaltourisminitiativesaretargetedattheSpringFestivaltouristboom,usinghypetoattracttouristsandboostthelocaleconomies.(2)(2024·山西模拟)Afterwards,weexplored____

oldtempleontopofthemountain,whichshowedushowChinesepeopleconnectednaturewithspiritualthings.(3)(2024·周口模拟)____

satellite,namedEnvironmentalSurveyor2F,wascarriedbyaLongMarch2Crocketthatliftedoffat6:53amattheTaiyuanSatelliteLaunchCenterinnorthernChina’sShanxiProvince.thetheThe(4)(2024·汉中模拟)Thissummer,researchersof____

institutearecompilingchronicles(编年史)forthetemple,andstudyingthefineelementsoftraditionalculturecontainedinthetemple.(5)(2024·江苏省苏锡常镇四市模拟)InspiredbyThe

Pottery

Storyteller

Beating

A

Drum,apieceintheNMC’scollectionfromtheEasternHanDynasty,____

playpresentedafantasy“dialogue”betweentheancientceramic(陶瓷的)figuresandtheaudiencewhileintegratingartformssuchasdrama,musicalandopera.(6)(2024·衡水模拟)Thehighlyanticipatedcomedyisnowleading____

domesticmovieboxofficeduringtheSpringFestivalwith781millionyuan,dataprovidedbyfilmtrackingsiteMaoyansaid.thethethe考点三零冠词的用法1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指,用零冠词。2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时,不加冠词。※Dr.PeterSpence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“AfifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前;三餐、球类、惯用语前;学科、棋类名词前,用零冠词。4.no与such连用时应放在such之前,such后的名词不用冠词。※Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunchintheworld.5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词,但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。※Hebecameadoctorwhilehisbrotherturnedteacher.考点四固定搭配中的冠词固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用冠词。(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中:atthesametime,onthecontrary,totellthetruth,inthedistance,onthespot等;(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中:catchacold,allofasudden,asamatteroffact,asaresult,haveagiftfor,givesb.alift等;(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)+sb.+介词+the+身体部位。【活学活用】(1)(2024·湖北模拟)Taylornotedthatasacountryentersrecession(衰退)andadoptssimplyspendinghabits,womenoftenshowapreferencetowards______

(long)dresses,whileduringtimesofprosperity(繁荣),____

oppositeresultcanbeseen—hemlinesoftenbecomeshorter.(2)(2024·辽宁模拟)ThelittlewoodenhorsesofSwedenwereoriginallycarvedbymenthatworkedintheforestsduring____

winter.(3)(2024·枣庄模拟)Between2016and2019,the58-year-oldSwissartistCatherineGfellerembarkedonajourneyto__

numberofChinesecities,focusingherlensonwomen.longerthethea(4)(2024·山西模拟)Whileself-drivingcarsrunbackandforththroughthedistrict,givingoffafuturesci-fiatmosphere,just40kilometersawayliesSongjiancienttown,whichhas__

historyofmorethan2,000years.(5)(2024·邢台模拟)It’suptoustouseitwisely