2022全国新高考一卷英语卷试题及答案解析

2022全国新高考一卷英语卷试题及答案解析听力部分（原题及答案解析）听力原文1.W:Hi,John.How’sthepart-timejobatthesupermarketgoing?M:Well,I’mreallythinkingofquitting.Workingthereatnightreallywearsmeout,andIcan’tfocusonmystudiesinthedaytime.2.M:Excuseme,doyouhaveanyapartmentsavailableforunder500dollarsamonth?Isawyouradinthenewspaper.W:Theonlyonewehaveleftis600,butthelandlordsaidhe’dlowerthepriceifyouagreetosignatwo-yearlease.3.W:I’mgoingtothemoviesthisSaturdaywithacoupleoffriends.Doyouwanttocomealong?M:Thatsoundsgreat,butIpromisedmymotherI’dgotomycousin’sbirthdaypartywithher.Ihaven’tevenmethernewhusband.4.M:Didyoupackthecamera,Nancy?Wedon’twanttomisstakingphotosonthemountain.W:It’srighthereinmybag.Whataboutthetravelguidebookyougotlastweek?M:Oh,Ileftitonthekitchentable.Don’tworry,Icanusethemapapponmyphone.5.W:Tom,you’vebeenstaringatthatcomputerscreenforhours.Aren’tyoureyestired?M:Iknowit’sbad,butIhavetofinishthisreportbeforenoon.Mybosswantstoseeitatthemeeting.W:That’stoobad.Buttakea5-minutebreakeveryhour,oryou’llburnout.听力答案1.A2.C3.B4.A5.C答案解析：1.该题问男士想要做什么。根据男士对话“I’mreallythinkingofquitting”可知，男士想要辞掉超市的兼职，因此选A。很多考生会误选“换一份夜间工作”，但男士只是抱怨夜间工作影响学习，并没有提出换其他夜间工作的需求，因此排除干扰项。2.该题问房租要价是多少，男士想要找月租500美元以下的房子，女士说仅剩的房子月租是600美元，如果签两年租约可以降价，问题问的是原本要价，因此选600美元对应的选项C。部分考生会误选降价后的价格，忽略了问题问的是原本要价，这是典型的审题误区。3.该题问男士周六要做什么，女士邀请男士去看电影，男士说已经答应母亲和堂亲的生日派对，因此选和家人去参加派对对应的B选项。干扰项是和朋友看电影，那是女士的计划不是男士的安排，因此排除。4.该题问什么落在厨房了，男士说“Ileftitonthekitchentable”中的it指代前文女士提到的travelguidebook，因此选旅游指南对应的A选项，很多考生会误以为it指代相机，相机已经放在包里了，因此排除干扰项。5.该题问女士给男士的建议是什么，女士明确提出“takea5-minutebreakeveryhour”，也就是按时休息，对应选项C，干扰项A是尽快完成报告，那是男士自己的计划不是女士的建议，因此排除。阅读部分（原题及答案解析）A篇原题TheelderlyresidentsofBrentwoodcarehomeinNewcastlegotabigsurprisewhentheyopenedapackageofletterssentbystrangersfromacrosstheUK.Thehandwrittenletterswerefullofcheerfulstoriesandkindwords,organizedbyaprimaryschoolinthecity,afterateacherpostedarequestonlineforpeopletosendalittlesunshinetotheseniorsduringthelockdown.RebeccaStevens,whoteachesatWestfieldPrimarySchool,saidshecameupwiththeideaafterchattingwithBrentwood’sactivitiesmanageronthephone.Shelearnedthatmanyoftheresidentshadnofamilyvisitingandwerefeelingreallylowbecauseofthesocialdistancingrules.“Ithoughtitwouldbeareallyniceideaforourkidstowriteletterstotheresidents,tocheerthemup.ButIneverexpecteditwouldspreadsofar,”Stevenssaid.“AfterIsharedtherequestonFacebook,peoplefromalloverthecountrystartedsendingletters.Wegothundredsofthem.Itwasamazing.”Thelettersweredeliveredtothe45residentsatBrentwood,manyofwhomsaiditwasthehighlightoftheirweek.One82-year-oldwoman,EthelMoss,saidshehadgotten10letters,andshereadeverysingleone.“Ican’ttellyouhowitmademefeel,”shesaid.“Itwasn’tjusttheletters,itwasthefactthatpeoplethoughtaboutus.Itmademefeelsowarminside.”KidsofallagesfromWestfieldPrimarytookpartinwriting,andmanyaddeddrawingstomakethelettersmorecolorful.10-year-oldAmysaidshelovedbeingabletohelp.“Itmademehappytothinkwecouldcheersomeoneup,”shesaid.“IwroteaboutmypetdogandwhatIdoatweekends,Ihopetheylikeit.”Brentwood’sactivitiesmanager,JohnBrown,saidthelettershadmadeahugedifferencetoeveryoneatthehome.“Alotofourresidentsdon’tgetmanyvisitors,sothishasreallyliftedtheirspirits,”hesaid.“We’vehadsomanyjoy,wecan’tthankRebeccaandthewritersenough.”1.WhydidRebeccaStevensorganizetheletter-writingactivity?A.Tocollectkids’worksforanonlineexhibitionB.TocheerupelderlyresidentsduringlockdownC.TohelpstudentsimprovetheirwritingskillsD.Tomeettherequirementofthecarehome2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheactivityfromParagraph3?A.ItreceivedwidepublicsupportB.ItwasorganizedbyasocialmediacompanyC.Itgotmorethan45lettersintotalD.Itwasstartedbyprimaryschoolstudents3.HowdidEthelMossfeelafterreceivingtheletters?A.PuzzledB.CalmC.WarmD.Proud4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ElderlypeopleneedmorecareduringlockdownB.PrimaryschoolkidsenjoywritingtostrangersC.HandwrittenlettersbringjoytonursinghomeseniorsduringlockdownD.Socialmediahelpsconnectpeopleduringlockdown答案与解析1.B解析：题干问Rebecca组织写信活动的原因，定位到第一段最后一句“afterateacherpostedarequestonlineforpeopletosendalittlesunshinetotheseniorsduringthelockdown”和第二段“manyoftheresidentshadnofamilyvisitingandwerefeelingreallylow”，可知活动的目的是在封锁期间让养老院的老年居民开心起来，因此B选项正确。A选项“收集学生作品做线上展览”原文未提及；C选项“提升学生写作技能”也没有提到；D选项“满足养老院的要求”，Rebecca是主动提出的想法，不是养老院要求的，因此D错误。2.A解析：题干问从第三段能得到什么信息，第三段提到“AfterIsharedtherequestonFacebook,peoplefromalloverthecountrystartedsendingletters.Wegothundredsofthem.Itwasamazing.”说明活动得到了来自全国民众的广泛支持，因此A选项正确。B选项“由社交媒体公司组织”错误，组织者是Rebecca和小学；C选项“总共超过45封信”，原文说收到了几百封，养老院有45位居民，不是45封信，因此C错误；D选项“由小学生发起”，发起者是老师Rebecca，学生是参与，因此D错误。3.C解析：定位到第四段EthelMoss的话“Itmademefeelsowarminside.”直接得出她的感受是温暖，因此C选项正确。A困惑B平静D骄傲都不符合原文描述，排除。4.C解析：题干问文章主旨，全文围绕封锁期间，小学老师发起写信活动，全国各地寄来的手写信给养老院老人带来快乐的故事展开，因此C选项“封锁期间手写信给养老院老人带来欢乐”准确概括主旨。A选项“封锁期间老人需要更多关怀”是背景不是核心内容；B选项“小学生喜欢给陌生人写信”偏离主题；D选项“社交媒体在封锁期间帮助连接人们”只是提到Rebecca在社交媒体分享请求，不是核心主旨，因此排除。B篇原题Humangrowthismadeofcountlesssmall,dailydecisions:whattoeatforbreakfast,whethertogotothegymafterwork,howmuchtimetospendscrollingthroughsocialmedia.Thesesmallchoicesaddupovertime,andtheyshapewhowebecome,whetherwewanttoloseweight,buildanewskill,orimproveourmentalhealth.Butformanyofus,changingabadhabitorbuildingagoodoneisreallyhard.Westartstrong,butafewweekslater,weslipupandgobacktoouroldways.JamesClear,authorofthebest-sellingbookAtomicHabits,saystheproblemmostpeoplehaveisthattheysettoobigofagoal.“Manypeopledecidetheywanttocompletelychangetheirlifeovernight,butwhentheydon’tseebigresultsinaweek,theygetdiscouragedandquit,”Clearsays.Instead,hearguesthatthemosteffectivewaytochangeistofocuson1percentimprovementseveryday.Onepercentimprovementdoesn’tsoundlikemuch,butoverayear,ifyouget1percentbettereveryday,youendup37timesbetterbythetimeyoufinishtheyear.Ontheotherhand,ifyouget1percentworseeveryday,youendupwithalmostnothing.Thedifferenceisthatsmallimprovementscompoundovertime,justlikeinterestinabankaccount.Mostpeopledon’tseethiseffectbecausethey’refocusedonimmediateresults.Ifyoumissoneworkout,itdoesn’tchangeyourfitnesslevelmuch.Ifyoueatabadmeal,youwon’tgain10poundsovernight.Butifyoukeepmakingthosesmallbadchoiceseveryday,thenegativeeffectaddsup.Afterayearofeatingabadmealeverydayandskippingworkouts,you’llbeoutofshapeandunhealthy.Clearsaysthekeytobuildinglastinghabitsistomakesmallchangesthatfitintoyourcurrentlife,insteadofcompletelyreinventingyourself.Forexample,ifyouwanttostartworkingouteverymorning,don’tdecideyou’llgotothegymforanhoureverydaystartingnextMonday.Instead,startwithjustfiveminutesofstretchingathome.Ifyouwanttoreadmorebooks,don’tplantoread50pagesadayrightaway,juststartbyreadingonepagebeforebed.“Manypeoplethinkthatyouneedwillpowertochangehabits,butwillpowerislikeamuscle.Itgetstiredwhenyouuseittoomuchallday,”Clearsays.“Thebestwaytobuildahabitistomakeiteasytodo.Ifahabittakeslessthantwominutestodo,you’remuchmorelikelytostickwithit.Overtime,youcanslowlyincreasethetimeanddifficulty.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“slipup”inParagraph1probablymean?A.KeepgoingB.MakeamistakeC.SpeedupD.Changedirection2.AccordingtoJamesClear,whydomostpeoplefailtochangehabits?A.Theydon’thavecleargoalsB.TheyrelytoomuchonwillpowerC.TheysetoverlybiggoalsforthemselvesD.Theydon’thaveenoughtimetochange3.WhatdoesJamesClearthinkof1percentdailyimprovement?A.ItistoosmalltomakeanydifferenceB.ItwillleadtobigchangesovertimeC.ItworksforgoodhabitsbutnotbadonesD.Itishardertokeepthanbigchanges4.WhatdoesJamesClearsuggestpeopledotobuildnewhabits?A.Startwithverysmall,easychangesB.ExercisewillpowereverydaytomakeitstrongerC.CompletelychangeyourdailyroutinefromthestartD.Setaclearbiggoalandworktowardsitstepbystep5.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.WillpoweristhekeytobuildinggoodhabitsB.BiggoalshelppeopleimprovefasterC.SmalldailychangescanleadtobigresultsinhabitchangeD.Badhabitsarehardertochangethanmostpeoplethink答案与解析1.B解析：词义猜测题，前文说“Westartstrong,butafewweekslater”，转折之后说“gobacktoouroldways”，说明坚持一段时间之后出错，回到旧习惯，因此slipup意思是“犯错，出错”，对应B选项。A继续，C加速，D改变方向都不符合上下文逻辑，排除。2.C解析：定位到第二段“JamesClear...saystheproblemmostpeoplehaveisthattheysettoobigofagoal.”直接说明人们失败的原因是设定了太大的目标，因此C选项正确。A“没有清晰目标”和原文相反，人们有目标只是太大了；B“太依赖意志力”，原文说意志力有限，不是人们失败的核心原因，核心是目标太大；D“没有足够时间改变”原文未提及，因此排除。3.B解析：定位到第三段“Onepercentimprovementdoesn’tsoundlikemuch,butoverayear...youendup37timesbetterbythetimeyoufinishtheyear.Thedifferenceisthatsmallimprovementscompoundovertime”可知James认为1%的进步随着时间推移会复利增长，带来大改变，因此B选项正确。A“太小没影响”和原文相反；C“对好习惯有用对坏习惯没用”，原文说坏习惯1%的变差也会积累，因此C错误；D“比大改变更难保持”，原文说小改变更容易坚持，因此D错误。4.A解析：定位到第五段“thekeytobuildinglastinghabitsistomakesmallchangesthatfitintoyourcurrentlife”以及第六段“Thebestwaytobuildahabitistomakeiteasytodo”可知James建议从非常小、容易的改变开始，因此A选项正确。B“每天锻炼意志力让它更强”，原文说意志力会疲劳，不靠意志力，因此B错误；C“从一开始完全改变日常日程”，原文说不要完全重塑自己，要贴合现有生活，因此C错误；D“设定清晰大目标然后逐步努力”和原文观点相反，原文反对大目标，因此D错误。5.C解析：主旨题，全文围绕JamesClear的观点，说明习惯改变中，日常小改变积累起来会带来大的成果，因此C选项正确。A“意志力是养成好习惯的关键”和原文观点相反；B“大目标帮助人们更快提升”和原文观点相反；D“坏习惯比人们想的更难改变”只是背景，不是核心观点，因此排除。C篇原题Astheworldtriestocutcarbonemissionsandslowdownclimatechange,manycitiesarelookingfornewwaystoreducethecarbonfootprintoftransportation.Oneunexpectedsolutionthatisgainingpopularityisgreenconcreteforroads.Traditionalconcreteismadewithcement,whichisresponsibleforaround8percentofglobalcarbonemissions—morethanallinternationalairtravelcombined.Theproductionprocessofcementrequiresheatinglimestonetoveryhightemperatures,whichreleaseshugeamountsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Greenconcrete,however,ismadewithindustrialwasteproductslikeflyashfromcoalpowerplants,slagfromsteelproduction,andrecycledconstructionwaste.Thesematerialsreplacemostorallofthecementintheconcrete,cuttingthecarbonfootprintbyupto70percentcomparedtotraditionalconcrete.Inadditiontobeinglowercarbon,greenconcreteisalsomoredurablethantraditionalconcreteforroaduse,becauseitismoreresistanttocrackingfromtemperaturechangesandheavytraffic.Thatmeansroadsmadewithgreenconcreteneedfewerrepairs,whichcutslong-termcostsandreducesthecarbonemissionsfromconstructionwork.ThecityofBirminghamintheUKrecentlycompletedatrialofgreenconcreteonaone-kilometerstretchofroadnearthecitycenter.TheprojectwasledbytheUniversityofBirmingham,whichhasbeendevelopinggreenconcretetechnologyformorethan10years.Dr.ClaireWilliams,oneoftheleadresearchersontheproject,saidthatthetrialhadgonebetterthanexpected.“We’vebeentestingtheroadfor18monthsnow,andit’sholdingupreallywell.It’sjustassmoothasatraditionalconcreteroad,andithaswaylowerembodiedcarbon,”shesaid.Somecriticsarguethatgreenconcretestillhasproblems:forexample,flyashisawasteproductfromcoalpower,whichisalsoafossilfuel,soascountriesphaseoutcoalpower,therewillbelessflyashavailabletomakegreenconcrete.Butresearcherssaytheyarealreadydevelopingnewtypesofgreenconcretethatuserecycledconcretefromdemolishedbuildingsinsteadofindustrialwaste.AteamattheUniversityofCambridgerecentlydevelopedatypeofgreenconcretethatuses100percentrecycledconstructionwaste,withnocementorindustrialbyproducts.Itsstrengthiscomparabletotraditionalconcrete,andthecarbonfootprintisalmost80percentlower.Dr.Williamssaysthatscalingupgreenconcreteuseforroadscouldmakeahugedifferencetoglobalcarbonemissions.“Roadnetworkscovermillionsofsquarekilometersaroundtheworld,andwerebuildandresurfacemillionsofkilometersofroadeveryyear.Ifweswitchallnewroadconstructiontogreenconcrete,thatwouldcutglobalcarbonemissionsbyseveralpercentagepointsovernight,”shesaid.“That’samassivechangewecanmakerightnow,withexistingtechnology,tofightclimatechange.”1.Whyistraditionalconcreteaproblemforclimatechange?A.ItcannotberecycledafteruseB.ItsproductionreleaseslotsofcarbondioxideC.ItneedsfrequentrepairsthatincreaseenergyuseD.Itismoreexpensivetoproducethangreenconcrete2.Whatisoneadvantageofgreenconcreteovertraditionalconcreteforroads?A.ItischeapertoproduceB.ItismoresmoothwhenfirstbuiltC.ItlastslongerandneedsfewerrepairsD.Itusesonlyrecycledconstructionwaste3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBirminghamroadtrialfromParagraph3?A.Itwascarriedoutona10-kilometerroadB.IthaslastedmorethanoneyearsofarC.ItprovedgreenconcreteisnotsuitableforcityroadsD.ItwasfundedbytheUKgovernment4.Whatdocriticssayaboutgreenconcretemadewithflyash?A.ItisnotstrongenoughforheavytrafficB.ItscarbonfootprintisstillveryhighC.ItwillfaceashortageofrawmaterialsinthefutureD.Itismoreexpensivetoproducethantraditionalconcrete5.AccordingtoDr.ClaireWilliams,whatisthepossibleeffectofwidelyusinggreenconcreteforroads?A.ItwillsolvetheproblemofindustrialwastedisposalB.ItwillgreatlycutglobalcarbonemissionsC.ItwillmakeroadconstructionmuchcheaperD.Itwillendtheuseofcementinconstruction答案与解析1.B解析：定位到第一段“Traditionalconcreteismadewithcement...Theproductionprocessofcementrequiresheatinglimestonetoveryhightemperatures,whichreleaseshugeamountsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.”可知传统水泥生产过程释放大量二氧化碳，因此传统混凝土带来气候问题，B选项正确。A“用后不能回收”原文未提及；C“需要频繁维修增加能源使用”，这是传统混凝土的问题，但根源还是生产就排放大量二氧化碳，题干问的是传统混凝土成为气候问题的原因，核心是生产排放，因此C不对；D“比绿色混凝土贵”不是气候问题相关，排除。2.C解析：定位到第二段“Inadditiontobeinglowercarbon,greenconcreteisalsomoredurablethantraditionalconcreteforroaduse...Thatmeansroadsmadewithgreenconcreteneedfewerrepairs”可知绿色混凝土更耐用，需要更少维修，C选项正确。A“生产更便宜”，原文只说长期维修成本低，没说生产成本便宜，因此A不对；B“刚铺好更平滑”，原文说试验中绿色混凝土和传统混凝土一样平滑，不是更平滑，因此B不对；D“只用回收建筑垃圾”，原文说早期绿色混凝土用粉煤灰等工业废料，最新研发的才用100%回收垃圾，不是所有绿色混凝土都只用回收垃圾，因此D不对。3.B解析：定位到第三段“We’vebeentestingtheroadfor18monthsnow”，18个月就是一年半，超过一年，因此B选项正确。A“在10公里道路上试验”，原文是one-kilometer，因此A错误；C“证明绿色混凝土不适合城市道路”，原文说“trialhadgonebetterthanexpected”“holdingupreallywell”，因此C错误；D“由英国政府资助”，原文说由伯明翰大学主导，没提资助方，因此D错误。4.C解析：定位到第四段“ascountriesphaseoutcoalpower,therewillbelessflyashavailabletomakegreenconcrete”可知批评者认为随着各国淘汰煤炭，粉煤灰会变少，因此用粉煤灰做的绿色混凝土未来会原材料短缺，C选项正确。A“强度不够支撑重型交通”原文未提及；B“碳足迹仍然很高”，原文说比传统混凝土低70%，因此B错误；D“比传统混凝土生产成本更高”原文未提及，排除。5.B解析：定位到最后一段“Ifweswitchallnewroadconstructiontogreenconcrete,thatwouldcutglobalcarbonemissionsbyseveralpercentagepointsovernight.That’samassivechange”可知Dr.Williams认为广泛使用绿色混凝土会大幅降低全球碳排放，B选项正确。A“解决工业垃圾处理问题”不是核心影响，原文没说解决这个问题；C“让道路建设便宜很多”原文只说长期维修成本低，没说建设成本大幅降低；D“结束水泥在建筑中的使用”，只说道路建设换绿色混凝土，不是整个建筑行业结束水泥使用，因此D错误。D篇原题WhenwethinkofthenorthernmigrationofAfricanAmericansduringthe20thcentury,weusuallythinkoftheGreatMigration,whichhappenedbetween1910and1970,whenmillionsofBlackAmericansmovedfromtheruralSouthtotheindustrialcitiesoftheNorthandWesttoescapesegregationandfindbetterjobs.Butwhatmanypeopledon’tknowisthattherewasasecondwaveofmigrationafterthe1970s,whenmillionsofAfricanAmericansmovedbacktotheSouth.Thisreversemigration,oftencalledtheNewGreatMigration,haschangedthedemographicandeconomiclandscapeoftheAmericanSouthoverthepast50years.AnewstudypublishedinthejournalDemographylookedatthepatternsoftheNewGreatMigrationbetween2000and2020,andfoundthatthetrendhasgrownmuchstrongerthanitwasinthe1970sand1980s.Between2000and2010,morethan1.2millionAfricanAmericansmovedfromtheNorthtotheSouth,andbetween2010and2020,thatnumberrosetomorethan1.5million.ThestudyfoundthatthemaindriversoftheNewGreatMigrationareeconomicandsocial.Inthemid-20thcentury,theSouthwaspoor,segregated,andofferedveryfewopportunitiesforBlackAmericans.Butstartinginthe1970s,theSouthbegantogroweconomically,withnewindustriesopeningup,lowercostoflivingthantheNorth,andmorejobopportunitiesinhealthcare,education,andtechnology.Atthesametime,legalsegregationended,andmanyBlackAmericanshavefamilyrootsintheSouth,somovingbackallowsthemtoreconnectwithextendedfamilyandtheirculturalhistory.“Manyofthepeoplemovingbacknowareyoung,college-educatedBlackpeople,”saidDr.LeahWright,theleadauthorofthestudy.“They’removingtomajorsoutherncitieslikeAtlanta,Houston,Dallas,andCharlotte.Thesecitieshavegrowingeconomies,lowerhousingcoststhanNewYork,Chicago,orLosAngeles,andagrowingBlackmiddleclass,whichoffersalotofopportunitiesthatyoudon’tfindinnortherncitiesanymore.”ThestudyalsofoundthatthereversemigrationhashadabigpositiveimpactontheSouth.Between2000and2020,theNewGreatMigrationaddedmorethan2millionworking-agepeopletotheSouth’spopulation,andbillionsofdollarsinconsumerspendingandtaxrevenue.Ithasalsohelpeddiversifythesoutherneconomy,andgrowtheBlackmiddleclassintheregion.However,thestudyalsopointsoutthattherearenewchallengesthatcomewiththemigration.ManyofthesoutherncitiesthatareseeingthemostinflowofBlackmigrantsarefacingrisinghousingpricesandgentrification,whichispushinglow-incomelong-termresidentsoutoftheirneighborhoods.“It’sareallyinterestingparadox,”Dr.Wrightsaid.“ThemigrationisbringingneweconomicenergytotheSouth,butit’salsocreatingnewinequalitiesthatcitiesneedtoaddress.”1.WhatistheNewGreatMigrationaccordingtothetext?A.ThemovementofBlackAmericansfromtheSouthtotheNorthinthe20thcenturyB.ThemovementofAfricanAmericansbacktotheSouthafterthe1970sC.ThemigrationofBlackAmericansfromruralareastocitiesintheSouthD.ThemigrationofyoungBlackpeoplefromtheSouthtoothercountries2.WhatisthemainreasonfortheNewGreatMigrationaccordingtothestudy?A.BetterjobopportunitiesandsocialchangesintheSouthB.LowereducationqualityinnortherncitiesC.RacialsegregationinnortherncitiesD.BetterclimateintheSouthcomparedtotheNorth3.WhatkindofpeoplearemostlikelytomovebacktotheSouthnow?A.Olderworking-classpeoplewithloweducationB.Youngcollege-educatedBlackpeopleC.High-incomeWhitefamiliesfromtheNorthD.Low-incomesingleparentsfromnortherncities4.WhatpositiveeffecthastheNewGreatMigrationhadontheSouth?A.IthasreducedincomeinequalityintheSouthB.IthassolvedthehousingshortageinsoutherncitiesC.IthasincreasedtheSouth’sworking-agepopulationandtaxrevenueD.IthasendedracialsegregationintheSouth5.WhatchallengedoesthemigrationbringaccordingtoDr.Wright?A.HighunemploymentrateinsoutherncitiesB.OverpopulationinruralareasoftheSouthC.RisinginequalitycausedbygentrificationD.Shortageofpublicservicesingrowingcities答案与解析1.B解析：定位到第一段“Butwhatmanypeopledon’tknowisthattherewasasecondwaveofmigrationafterthe1970s,whenmillionsofAfricanAmericansmovedbacktotheSouth.Thisreversemigration,oftencalledtheNewGreatMigration”直接给出定义，1970年后非裔美国人迁回南方，因此B选项正确。A是第一次大迁徙的内容，不对；C是南方国内农村到城市，不对；D是去其他国家，不对，排除。2.A解析：定位到第三段“ThestudyfoundthatthemaindriversoftheNewGreatMigrationareeconomicandsocial...newindustriesopeningup,lowercostoflivingthantheNorth,andmorejobopportunities...legalsegregationended”可知主要原因是南方经济机会变好，社会改变，因此A选项正确。B“北方教育质量差”原文未提及；C“北方种族隔离”，原文说南方原来的隔离结束了，没说北方有隔离，不对；D“南方气候更好”原文未提及，排除。3.B解析：定位到第四段“Manyofthepeoplemovingbacknowareyoung,college-educatedBlackpeople”直接得出答案B正确。其他选项都不符合原文描述，排除。4.C解析：定位到第五段“Between2000and2020,theNewGreatMigrationaddedmorethan2millionworking-agepeopletotheSouth’spopulation,andbillionsofdollarsinconsumerspendingandtaxrevenue”可知新大迁徙增加了南方劳动年龄人口和税收，C选项正确。A“减少了南方收入不平等”，最后一段说反而产生了新的不平等，不对；B“解决了南方城市住房短缺”，最后一段说房价上涨，不对；D“结束了南方种族隔离”，隔离在迁徙之前就结束了，不对，排除。5.C解析：定位到最后一段“ManyofthesoutherncitiesthatareseeingthemostinflowofBlackmigrantsarefacingrisinghousingpricesandgentrification,whichispushinglow-incomelong-termresidentsoutoftheirneighborhoods...themigrationisbringingneweconomicenergytotheSouth,butit’salsocreatingnewinequalities”可知挑战是绅士化带来的不平等加剧，C选项正确。其他选项原文未提及，排除。七选五（原题及答案解析）原题HowtobemorecreativeeverydayCreativityisn’tjustforartists,writersormusicians.Everypersoncanbecreativeintheirdailylife,whetherit’ssolvingaproblematwork,planningameal,ordecoratingyourhome.1Herearesomepracticaltipstohelpyoubuildmorecreativityinyourdailyroutine.1.Surroundyourselfwithinspiration2Itcouldbeabookofyourfavoriteart,acollectionofobjectsfromyourtravels,orevenapinboardwithquotesandphotosthatyoulove.Keepthesethingsclosetoyou,sowhenyou’restuckforideas,youcanlookthroughthemtogetyourbrainmoving.Youdon’thavetohaveabigartstudio—evenasmallboxofinspiringthingsonyourdeskworks.2.3Manypeoplethinkthatcreativitycomeswhenyou’reworkinghardforhours,butactually,someofthebestideascomewhenyou’rerelaxed.Whenyoustepawayfromyourprojectanddosomethingsimple,likegoingforawalk,takingashower,orgardening,yourbrainkeepsworkingontheprobleminthebackground.Manyfamousinventorsandartistshavesaidthattheirbestideascametothemwhentheywerenotsittingattheirdesk.3.TrynewthingseveryweekCreativitygrowswhenyougetoutofyourcomfortzone.Ifyoualwaysdothesamething,yourbraingetsstuckinaroutine.4Itdoesn’thavetobeabigthing:itcouldbetakingadifferentroutetowork,tryinganewtypeoffood,listeningtoagenreofmusicyou’veneverlistenedtobefore,orwritinganotetoafriendinsteadofsendingatext.Bytryingnewthings,yougiveyourbrainnewexperiencestoprocess,whichhelpsyoucomeupwithnewideas.4.KeepanideanotebookNomatterwhereyougo,carryasmallnotebookoruseanotesapponyourphonetowritedownideaswhentheycometoyou.Manytimes,greatideaswillpopupwhenyou’renotlookingforthem,andifyoudon’twritethemdown,you’llforgetthem.5Whenyouneedinspirationforanewproject,youcangothroughyournotebookandpulloutoldideastocombineintosomethingnew.A.StepawayandtakeabreakB.CreativityneedstimetogrowC.Youdon’tneedanyspecialtalenttobemorecreative.D.Evenasillyorhalf-formedideaisworthwritingdown.E.Setaside30minuteseverydaytopracticecreativethinking.F.Sotrytoaddonesmallnewthingtoyourweektokeepyourbrainactive.G.Createasmallspaceofinspirationthatyoucanaccessanytime.答案与解析1.C解析：空前说“每个人都可以在日常生活中拥有创造力，不管是工作解决问题、计划三餐还是装饰家”，空后说“这里有几个实用技巧帮你在日常中培养创造力”，空处需要承上启下，说明创造力不需要特殊天赋，对应C选项“你不需要任何特殊天赋来变得更有创造力”，符合逻辑。2.G解析：这一段的小标题是“让自己被灵感包围”，空后说“可以是你喜欢的艺术书、旅行收集的物件、贴了名言照片的公告板，放在你身边”，对应G选项“创造一个你随时可以接触的小灵感空间”，符合段落主题。3.A解析：空处是小标题，这一段说“最好的想法往往在你放松的时候出现，当你离开项目去做简单的事情比如散步洗澡，大脑会在后台继续工作”，核心是离开工作休息一下，对应A选项“退一步休息一下”，符合主题。4.F解析：空前说“如果你总是做同样的事情，大脑就会陷入常规”，这一段的主题是每周尝试新事物，对应F选项“所以试着每周加一件小的新事情让你的大脑保持活跃”，承接上文，符合逻辑。5.D解析：空前说“很多好想法会在你没找它们的时候出现，不写下来就会忘记”，空后说“当你需要新项目灵感的时候，你可以翻笔记本把旧想法组合成新东西”，对应D选项“哪怕是一个愚蠢的、半成品的想法也值得写下来”，符合上下文逻辑。七选五答案：1.C2.G3.A4.F5.D完形填空（原题及答案解析）原题MydadgrewupinasmalltowninOhio,thesonofafactoryworker.Heworkedhiswaythroughcollege,gotadegreeinengineering,andgotajobatabigcompanyinDetroit.WhenIwas10,mydad1thathewantedtomoveourfamilybacktoOhio,tothesmalltownhegrewupin.Iwas2.IhadallmyfriendsinDetroit,Ilovedourhouse,andIdidn’twanttoleave.Butmydadsaidthatthiswasthe3hewantedforourfamily:aslowerlife,moretimetogether,aplacewherewecouldknowourneighbors.Whenwegottothesmalltown,Istill4it.Imissedmyoldfriends,Ithoughtthetownwastoosmall,andtherewasnothingtodo.Butmydadwas5.Heopenedasmallengineeringfirmoutofourgarage,hejoinedthelocalRotaryClub,hewenttoeveryhighschoolfootballgame,andhegottoknoweveryoneonourstreet.Everyevening,wewouldhavedinnertogether6theTVoff,andtalkaboutourday.Onweekends,wewouldgoforwalksinthewoodsbehindourhouse,orgotothelocallaketofish.Slowly,I7.Imadenewfriends,Ijoinedtheschooldebateteam,Istartedhikinginthewoodswithmydadonweekends.Ibegantoseewhatmydadsaw:thisplacewasn’tboring,itwas8.Itwasaplacewherewedidn’thaveto9throughlife,alwaystryingtogetmore,alwaysrushingtothenextthing.Wecouldtakeourtime,enjoythelittlethings,bepartofacommunity.WhenIgraduatedfromhighschool,Iwenttocollegeinabigcity,gotajobinNewYorkaftergraduation,justlikemanyyoungpeopledo.Ilivedafastlife,worked60hoursaweek,madegoodmoney,butIalways10thatsmalltown.Whenthepandemichitin2020,IwasworkingfromhomeinatinyNewYorkapartment,andIrealizedthatIwantedthat11slowlifemydadhadchosenforourfamily.Iquitmyjob,movedbacktothatsamesmalltowninOhio,andIstartedworking12,doingremotedesignworkforsmallcompanies.NowIlivetwostreetsawayfrommychildhoodhome,andmydadstilllivesthere.EverySunday,wehavedinnertogether,justlikewedidwhenIwasakid.Igoforwalksinthesamewoods,Igofishinginthesamelake.Peopleaskmeallthetime,are