甘肃省定西市通渭县第三中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末检测英语试题（含答案）

甘肃省定西市通渭县第三中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末检测英语试题一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APlaceaClassifiedAdwithTheDailyTarHeelInterestedinpromotingyourservices?Areyoulookingtofillaposition?Lookingforroommatesoraplacetolive?Sellingsomethingorlookingtobuy?TheDailyTarHeelClassifiedspageisagreatplacetopromoteyourneedsandgetintouchwithpeople.Youmaypurchaseaclassifiedad,typeupwhatyouwouldliketoseeinprintandonline,andwewillplaceitintheissue(s)ofyourchoice.NOTE:Pleaseseeourupdatedrates!DeadlineforplacingaclassifiedadinprintisMondayat11amforthatweek’sWednesdaypublication.Youradwillrun7daysonline24/7onourwebpage,andwillbeginrunningonlineby10amonthenextbusinessday.Inthecaseofabreakinourregularprintschedule,youradwillrunonlinefortwoadditionaldays.ClassifiedRatesCommercialRate:$42.00/weekNonprofitRate(musthavenonprofitTaxID):$20.00/weekLostandFoundads:FreePleasescheduleyouradcarefully!Wecannotgiverefunds.Ifyouneedanyassistanceorwouldliketoplaceaclassifiedad,pleaseemailusatclassifieds@orgiveusacallat(919)962-0252.1.Whatisthedeadlineforplacinganadinprint?A．Mondayat5pm. B．Mondayat11am.C．Tuesdayat5pm. D．Wednesdayat10am.2.Whatwillhappenifthereisabreakintheprintschedule?A．Adswillberefundedifmissed.B．Adswillberemovedfromthewebsite.C．Adswillbeprintedonthenextavailableday.D．Adswillrunonlinefortwoadditionaldays.3.Whichtypeofadsarefreeofcharge?A．Students’ads. B．Nonprofitads.C．LostandFoundads. D．Education-relatedads.BAsIwalkedtowardmykindergartenteacher’sdesk,Ifeltexcited.MrsStuchiopulledoutthelittleplasticchairandtoldmetosit.Iplacedmyworkbookonthetableandbegan.“Apigcanjig,”Irecited.“Excellent,”shesaid.“Goon.”AsIreadthewordsandlookedatthepigs,Ifeltstrong,smart...happy.Idon’tremembermuchelseaboutthatdayin1974attheHillsSchoolinDixHills,butwhenIrealizedthatsoundingoutlettersonapageallowedmetoreadanentirestory,Iwasattracted.WhenIwasoldenoughtoreadchapterbooks,Icouldn’tgetenoughofthem,likeHarriettheSpy,All-of-A-KindFamily,etc.ThenIgraduatedtoDanielleSteelandSidneySheldon.Backthen,the“youngadult”typedidn’texist;Iwentstraightfromfamilybreakfastscenestolovestories,likeEvergreenbyBelvaPlain.Atjuniorhighschool,Englishbecamemyfavoriteclass.IhavevividmemoriesofMrsAyersreadingTheCaskoftheAmontilladoaloudasmyeighth-gradeclassmatesandIsatfascinatedbyherdeepandemotionalvoice.InfollowingEnglishclasses,myteachersassigneddemandingbookssuchasTheStranger,ATaleofTwoCitiesandcomplexresearchpapers.Forthefirsttime,Ifeltbook-relatedanxiety.AftergettingmycollegedegreeinEnglishandworkingatseventeenmagazines,bookscalledagain:Ilefttogetmyteachingcertification.AsanewEnglishteacherinManhattan,Istressedtheimportanceofimmersivereading.Annotations(注释),Ifelt,brokethedrive.“Sustainedsilentreading”,duringwhichstudentsspententireperiodsreading,wasessentialtomycurriculum.Today,asalibrarianatManhassetHighSchool,Ipromotereadingwithenthusiasm.Inarecentninth-gradeclass,Icreateda“readingworkout”.Studentssampledbooksspreadacrosstablesandreadwithnoschedule.I’dneverseenthemmoreengaged.Fornow,I’llkeepgettinglostinreadingandusemyplatformasalibrariantosharemypassion.4.Whatmadetheauthorfirstfindreadingattractive?A．Readingchapterbooks.B．Discussingyoungadultbooks.C．Soundingoutlettersonapage.D．Engagingwithromancestories.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorinjuniorhighschool?A．ShefoundEnglishclassesboring.B．Shepreferredreadingdemandingbooks.C．Shewasattractedbyfamilybreakfastscenesinbooks.D．Shestartedtofeelstressedaboutsomereadingtasks.6.Whatdidtheauthoremphasizeinreadingduringherteaching?A．Groupreading. B．Criticalreading.C．Uninterruptedreading. D．Relaxingreading.7.Howdidtheauthormotivatetheninth-gradeclasstoread?A．Bysettingareadingschedule.B．Byaskingstudentstowritereadingnotes.C．Bymakingstudentsreadaloudtogether.D．Bysupportingstudentsinreadingfreelywithoutschedule.CResearchersrecentlystudiedsomenewlydiscovereddarkrocksfromMarsandconcludedthattheywerelikelylaiddownfromtheair,potentiallyasvolcanicashbillionsofyearsago.However,novolcanoeshavebeendiscoveredatthesitetodate.“Therearenoknownvolcanoesatthissite,whichmeanstheashprobablycamefromhundredsormaybeeventhousandsofkilometersaway,”thestudyfirstauthorEmmaHarrissaidinastatement.“Itlikelycamefromareallyexplosivevolcanowhichlaunchedashhighintotheatmosphereandtheashtravelledthishugedistancebeforesettlingatthissite.”Researchersfoundtherewerestrangelight-colouredspotsontherocks,eachsurroundedbydarkmaterialcontainingironandphosphate(磷酸盐).“Thesespotsareabigsurprise,”saidDavidFlanneryattheQueenslandUniversityofTechnology.“OnEarth,thesetypesoffeaturesonrocksareoftenassociatedwiththefossilizedrecordofmicrobes(微生物)livinginthesubsurface.”ThatisbecausethetypeofchemicalreactionthatcreatesthesesortsofspotsonEarthrockscanalsoprovideusefulenergyformicrobes.Inthesameareawheretherocksarelocated,certainorganiccompoundsthatareoftenconsideredthebuildingblocksoflifewerealsofound.AllofthesetogethercouldbetakenasasignofbygoneMartianmicrobes,butitisfarfromasmokinggun.“Weshouldbecautiouslyexcitedandkeepsensible,”saidtheresearchers.Tolearnmoreabouttheserocks,thestudyauthorsmappedaregionof19,300squaremilesusingdatafromtheContextCameraontheMarsReconnaissanceOrbiter,aNASAsatellite.Thedarkrocksaretheorizedtohaveoncecoveredthewholesite,butarenowonlyfoundinsmallerareas.Theresearchersproposethatthisisbecausetheashwaspreservedinareasofloweraltitudeinsideimpactcraters(撞击坑),whereitmixedwithgroundwater.“Whentheashfellonthesepatchesofwater,itmadethemstickierandthenmoresolid.Therestoftheashwhichlandedonthesurroundingrocksmayhavejustblownawayandneverpreserved,”Harrissaid.8.WhydidEmmaHarrismention“noknownvolcanoesatthissite”?A．Toprovethesitehasalwaysbeeninactive.B．Tomakeaguessaboutthesourceofash.C．Toindicatetherocksareformedbyimpacts.D．Toexplainthereasonforthespecialcolouroftherocks.9.Whywereresearcherssurprisedatthelight-colouredspots?A．Theyappearedinsmallerregionsthanexpected.B．TheycontainedmineralspreviouslyunknownonMars.C．TheychallengedpreviousfindingsaboutMartiangeography.D．TheymightinvolvereactionsoftenlinkedtomicrobialactivityonEarth.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“farfromasmokinggun”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Adirectcause.B．Obviousmisunderstanding.C．Notstrongevidence.D．Notaproblem.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ImpactcraterswithtracesofwateronMarsB．Martianash:cluestoancientvolcanicactivityC．Martiansubsurface:proofofcomplexecosystemsD．RocksfromMarswithpossiblesignsofancientlifeDResearchersatColumbiaUniversityhavedevelopedanewartificialintelligence(AI)methodthatcanaccuratelypredictgene(基因)activityinanyhumancell,essentiallyrevealingthecell’sinnermechanisms(机制).DetailedinthelatestissueofNature,thissystemhasthepotentialtochangehowscientistsstudycancer,geneticdisorders,andotherdiseases.“Predictivegeneralizablecomputationalmodelsallowtorevealbiologicalprocessesinafastandaccurateway.Thesemethodscaneffectivelyconductlotsofcomputationalexperiments,boostingandguidingtraditionalexperimentalapproaches,”saysRaulRabadan,seniorauthorofthenewpaper.Traditionalbiologicalmethodsshowhowcellsfunctionorrespondtochanges,buttheylacktheabilitytopredicttheseprocesses.RecentadvancesinAIandmassivebiologicaldatacollectionsaremakingthisshiftpossible.However,usingAItopredictgeneactivityinsidecellshasbeenagreaterchallenge—untilnow.Rabadan’steamdevelopedanAImodeltrainedongeneexpressiondatafromover1.3millionnormalhumancells.Unlikeearliermodelstrainedonlimiteddata,thissystemusesgenomesequences(基因组序列)andaccessibilitydatatopredictwhichgenesareactiveinanycell.TheprocessissimilartohowlanguagemodelslikeMindLink,anAIchattool,work:Itlearnspatternsfromdataandappliesthemtonewsituations.Testingshowedthemodelcouldaccuratelypredictgeneactivityincelltypesithadnotencountered,matchingexperimentalresultsclosely.TheresearchersappliedtheAImodeltostudypediatricleukemia,achildhoodcancercausedbyinheritedmutations(遗传变异).Themodelpredictedhowthesemutationsdisturbcriticalprocessesincells,afindinglaterconfirmedthroughexperiments.Thisunderstandinghighlightsthespecificmechanismscausingthedisease.TheAImodelcouldalsorevealunexploredregionsofthegenome,oftenlinkedtocancer.These“dark”regionsmayplaykeyrolesindisease.Already,RabadanisworkingwithresearchersatColumbiaandotheruniversities,exploringdifferentcancers,frombraintobloodcancers,learningthegrammarofregulationinnormalcells,andhowcellschangeintheprocessofcancerdevelopment.12.Whatisaproblemabouttraditionalbiologicalmethods?A．TheyaredifficulttocombinewithAI.B．Theycan’tpredicthowcellswork.C．Theyareexpensiveinplentyofresearch.D．Theycan’tcollectbiologicaldataeffectively.13.WhydoestheauthormentionMindLinkinparagraph4?A．ToremovepublicdoubtsaboutAIchattools.B．TointroducethedisadvantagesofAItools.C．ToexplaintheexperimentalresultsfromRabadan’steam.D．ToclarifyhowtheAImodelfunctions.14.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlystressaboutthenewAImodel?A．Itspopularity.B．Itsapplicationvalue.C．Itscomplexity.D．Itsdesigninspiration.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．NewAIModelExposesSecretsofHumanCellsB．ScientistsUnlocktheSecretofBloodCancersC．AdvancesinAIFuelaHeatedDebateinBiologyD．AIToolsAreWidelyUsedtoTreatRareDiseases七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Takingtimetocareforyourbodyandmindisnecessarytopreventburnout.Failingtogiveyourselfthecarethatyoudeservecanleadyoutofeeltiredandanxious.____16____.Doawalkingmeditation(沉思).Ifyou’renotparticularlygoodatsittingandmeditating,trystartingwithawalkingmeditation.Findaquietspaceandwalkfromoneendofittotheother,backandforth.____17____.Youcanalsopayattentiontohowtheairaroundyoufeelsthere.Thekeyistobefullypresentinthemomentandreallyexperienceeverythingaroundyou.____18____.Keepingaregularjournalcanhelpyougetintouchwithyourselfandhowyoureallyfeelaboutthings.Itcanalsohelpyousolveproblemsandrelax.Setaside20minuteseachdaytowriteinyourjournal.It’sidealtowriteinaphysicaljournalasopposedtousingyourcomputer.Disconnect.Countlessstudieshavelinkedtheuseoftechnologyincludingcomputers,cellphones,andTVstosleepingproblemsanddepressivesymptoms(症状).It’simportanttosettimeasideeachdaytodosomething.____19____.Youcanreadabook,goforawalk,ordowhatevermayappealtoyou.Learntoliveinthemoment.Trytoslowdownandbepresentateachmoment,andtodothingswithintention.____20____.Thismaybedifficultatfirst,butitwillgeteasierovertime.Wheneveryougetdistracted(注意力分散的),justgentlydrawyourattentionbacktothemomentandyourintention.A．WriteinajournaleverydayB．GetintouchwithyourbestfriendsC．PeoplespendmuchtimeonthesocialmediaD．PayattentiontohowyourfeetfeelonthegroundE．AndthesethingsdonotinvolvelookingatascreenF．DoingthiswillhelpyoufeeljoyfulandcalmeverydayG．Herearesomehealthierlifestylestokeepyourselffeelingrefreshed二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GrannyBasketballismorecompetitivethanyou’dthink!Justaskthewomenover50who____21____inthe18thannualGrannyNationalBasketballChampionshipslastweekend.HostedinDecorah,Iowa,theevent____22____teamsfromacrossthecountry.Playersmight____23____differentwalksoflife,buttheyallhaveonething____24____:They’remembersoftheGrannyBasketballLeague(联盟).FoundedbyBarbMcPhersonTrammell,thisorganizationoffers____25____womenanunbelievableopportunitytostay____26____,makefriendsandrelievestress.Granniesplaybya(n)____27____setofrulestomakeupforany____28____mobility.Accordingtotheirwebsite,it’s“agamefor____29____ofacertainage.”Regulationsincludeastrict“norunning”policy,instead____30____playerstospeedwalk.Jumpingisnot____31____,either.____32____,thereare42GrannyBasketballteamsintheUnitedStates.NationalChampionshipshavebeenheldforthe____33____everyyearsince2008.Grannieshavealsobeen____34____tocompeteagainstteamsoutsidetheirleagueforcharity,includingmen’sandwomen’steamsofallages.Ofcourse,thechanged____35____applytotheircompetitorsaswell.“Ithinkwe’reredefining(重新定义)whatoldis,”saidoneplayer.21.A．talkedB．liedC．believedD．played22.A．improvedB．savedC．attractedD．tracked23.A．comefromB．giveupC．adapttoD．searchfor24.A．inhurryB．inprintC．inneedD．incommon25.A．youngB．seniorC．giftedD．disabled26.A．fitB．calmC．awakeD．quiet27.A．impossibleB．unnecessaryC．differentD．difficult28.A．sharedB．limitedC．socialD．great29.A．womenB．menC．girlsD．boys30.A．teachingB．helpingC．persuadingD．encouraging31.A．recognizedB．allowedC．praisedD．compared32.A．ImmediatelyB．UnlikelyC．CurrentlyD．Unfortunately33.A．jobB．futureC．recordD．sport34.A．remindedB．refusedC．knownD．warned35.A．ordersB．rulesC．valuesD．messages三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Confuciuswasafamousteacher,politicianandphilosopher(哲学家)wholivedinChinaover2,600yearsago.Today,heisconsideredtobeoneoftheworld’s____36____(great)teachers.HistoriansbelievethatConfucius____37____(bear)in551BCEduringChina’s“SpringandAutumnPeriod”(771—476BCE).Duringthisperiod,manyrulerswerefightingacrossthecountry.Becauseofallthefighting,lifewasdifficultforthepoor.Theyworkedhardfortheirrulersandreceivedlittlemoney____38____return.AsConfuciusgrewup,hisfavoritething____39____(do)waslearning.Hismothersawthisanddidherbesttohelphimlearn.____40____(eventual),wealthyfamiliesnoticedhowsmarthewas____41____offeredhimjobscountingtheirmoneyandkeepingtrackoftheircrops.Confuciusdidthisuntilhewas30yearsold,buthealwayswantedtodomore.For____42____restofhislife,ConfuciustraveledandtaughtthepeopleofChinaaboutself-discipline(自律)andthe____43____(important)ofeducation.HeevenopenedChina’sfirstschoolin____44____hetaughtboththepoorandthewealthyasequals.In479BCE,Confuciusdiedattheageof72.HisloyalstudentscontinuedtotravelaroundChinalongafterhisdeath,teachingall____45____(class)ofpeople.四、书面表达46.虽然培养孩子的兴趣爱好是非常必要的，但现在有很多家长一味地追求子女多才多艺，迫使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的东西。请你就此现象谈谈自己的看法，内容包括：1.你是否赞同上述家长的做法；2.以你或你朋友的经历说明你的观点；3.呼吁家长们尊重孩子的意愿。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OnNewYear’sEve2022,Heginbotham,86,wasspendingtheholidaybyherselfforthefirsttime.HerhusbanddiedinJune.Heginbothamwasfeelingblue.Thesilencewasalmostunbearableandmadetheroomfeelcolderthanitwas.Tocheerherselfup,shedecidedtoworkonherholidaycardsandsendthemtoherfriendsandrelatives.Shecarefullyselectedeachcard,thinkingofthejoytheywouldbringtothem.Thatafternoon,shedrovetoBethesda’spostofficetodropoffthecards.WhenHeginbothamwasdroppingoffhercards,akind-heartedmancalledZeinsawherandthoughtshewastoooldtohandlesomanycards.Zeinapproachedherwithawarmsmile.“Ma’am,doyouneedanyhelp?”heaskedgently.Heginbothamhesitatedforamoment,feelingabitembarrassed,butshewasgratefulfortheoffer.Zeinhelpedherfillintheaddresses,chattingaboutholidays.Heginbothamfeltasenseofconnection,andsheshowedgreatgratitudetoZeinbysendingaholidaycardtohimaswell.WhenHeginbothamreturnedtohercar,though,itwouldn’tstartbecauseofthebattery,aproblemshehadencounteredbefore.Thereweretwojumpercables(跨接线)inhercar.Shejustneededtoconnectthepositiveandnegativeterminals(正负极)ofthebatteriesoftwocars.Aftertheconnectionwasmade,shekepttheothercar’senginerunning,andthenstartedhercarwithadeadbattery.Butshewastoooldtomanageitherself.Herheartsank.Itwascoldoutside,andsherealizedthatcallingroadsideassistancewouldlikelytakealongtime,especiallyonaholiday.Itwasgettingdark,andthethoughtofwaitingaloneinthecoldmadeherscared.Soshewentbackinsidethepostoffice.Thepostofficewasnearlyempty,withZeinandonlyafewworkersfinishinguptheirshifts.Heginbothamfeltabitembarrassed,butsheknewshehadtotry.“Doesanyo