人教版九年级英语反义疑问句辅导讲与练

人教版九年级英语反义疑问句辅导讲与练反义疑问句是初中英语语法中的一个重要知识点，也是各类考试中常见的考点。它不仅考查学生对基本语法规则的掌握，还涉及到对句子语境和说话人意图的理解。掌握反义疑问句，能让你的语言表达更丰富，也更具交际性。下面，我们就结合人教版九年级英语的学习要求，对反义疑问句进行系统的梳理和练习。一、反义疑问句的基本概念与构成反义疑问句，也叫附加疑问句，通常由一个陈述句和一个简短的疑问句构成。其基本结构是“陈述句+简短疑问句”。这个简短的疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，希望对方证实或否认。核心原则：前肯后否，前否后肯。也就是说，如果前面的陈述句是肯定形式，后面的简短疑问句就用否定形式；如果前面的陈述句是否定形式，后面的简短疑问句就用肯定形式。构成方式：1.陈述句（肯定）+be动词/助动词/情态动词（否定形式）+主语（代词）?*例：Heisastudent,isn'the?（他是个学生，不是吗？）*例：Theywillgotothepark,won'tthey?（他们要去公园，不是吗？）2.陈述句（否定）+be动词/助动词/情态动词（肯定形式）+主语（代词）?*例：Shedoesn'tlikecoffee,doesshe?（她不喜欢咖啡，是吗？）*例：Wehaven'tfinishedhomework,havewe?（我们还没完成作业，是吗？）关键点：*简短疑问句中的动词形式要与陈述句中的动词形式保持一致（时态、人称等）。*简短疑问句中的主语必须是代词，指代陈述句的主语。二、反义疑问句的具体用法详解1.当陈述句中含有be动词（am,is,are,was,were）时直接用相应的be动词的否定或肯定形式构成简短疑问句。*Heisplayingfootball,isn'the?*Theywerenotathomeyesterday,werethey?*Iamlate,aren'tI?(注意：Iam...的反义疑问句通常用aren'tI?而不是amnotI?)2.当陈述句中含有情态动词（can,could,may,might,must,should,will,would等）时用相应的情态动词的否定或肯定形式构成简短疑问句。*YoucanspeakEnglish,can'tyou?*Theymustfinishittoday,mustn'tthey?(must表“必须”时，反义疑问用mustn't/needn't)*注意：must表推测“一定是”时，反义疑问句部分要根据must后的动词形式及时间状语来确定。*Hemustbetired,isn'the?(mustbe表现在推测)*Theymusthavegonehome,haven'tthey?(musthavedone表对过去的肯定推测，且句中无明确过去时间状语)*Shemusthavearrivedyesterday,didn'tshe?(有明确过去时间状语yesterday，用didn't)*Youshouldlistentotheteacher,shouldn'tyou?3.当陈述句中含有实义动词（行为动词）时需要借助助动词do,does,did来构成简短疑问句。*Helikesapples,doesn'the?(一般现在时，主语三单，用doesn't)*Theyplaybasketballeveryday,don'tthey?(一般现在时，主语非三单，用don't)*Shewenttoschoolyesterday,didn'tshe?(一般过去时，用didn't)*Hehasfinishedhiswork,hasn'the?(现在完成时，用hasn't/has)4.当陈述句中含有否定意义的词时如：never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,few,little,no,none,nothing,nobody等，陈述句视为否定，简短疑问句用肯定形式。*Henevertellslies,doeshe?*Therearefewpeopleintheroom,arethere?*Shehardlyknowsme,doesshe?5.当陈述句是祈使句时*肯定祈使句：通常用willyou?/won'tyou?(willyou更常用，表示“好吗？”“行吗？”)*Openthedoor,willyou?*Pleasepassmethebook,won'tyou?*否定祈使句：通常用willyou?*Don'tbelate,willyou?*Let's...(包括说话者和听话者双方)：用shallwe?*Let'sgoshopping,shallwe?*Letus...(不包括听话者，请求对方允许)：用willyou?*Letusgonow,willyou?6.当陈述句的主语是不定代词时*主语是指人的不定代词（everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,anyone,anybody,noone,nobody）时，简短疑问句的主语常用they(有时也用he)。*Everyoneishere,aren'tthey?/isn'the?*主语是指物的不定代词（everything,something,anything,nothing）时，简短疑问句的主语常用it。*Nothingisdifficult,isit?7.当陈述句是主从复合句时*一般情况下，反义疑问句的简短部分应与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。*但当主句是Ithink/Ibelieve/Isuppose/Iguess/Iimagine等结构时，反义疑问句的简短部分应与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致，并且要注意否定转移的问题。*Ithinkheisright,isn'the?(否定前移：Idon'tthinkheisright,ishe?)*Ibelieveshecandoit,can'tshe?三、反义疑问句的回答回答反义疑问句时，要根据事实来回答，而不是根据问句的字面意思。事实是肯定的，就用yes；事实是否定的，就用no。*--Heisastudent,isn'the?*--Yes,heis.(是的，他是。)/No,heisn't.(不，他不是。)*--Shedoesn'tlikecoffee,doesshe?*--Yes,shedoes.(不，她喜欢。)/No,shedoesn't.(是的，她不喜欢。)注意中文翻译：当陈述句是否定，简短疑问句是肯定时，yes要翻译成“不”，no要翻译成“是的”。四、巩固练习基础巩固(完成下列反义疑问句)1.Tomisagoodboy,____________?2.Theyaren'tfromChina,____________?3.Shecanswimverywell,____________?4.Wehavefinishedourhomework,____________?5.Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday,____________?6.Thereisabookonthedesk,____________?7.Theyoftenplayfootballafterschool,____________?8.Yourfatherneversmokes,____________?能力提升(选择最佳答案)9.Let'sgoforawalk,______?A.willyouB.shallweC.doweD.don'twe10.Hethinkssheisright,______?A.doesn'theB.doesheC.isn'tsheD.isshe11.Youdon'tmindmyopeningthewindow,______?A.doyouB.don'tyouC.willyouD.won'tyou12.Therewaslittlemilkinthebottle,______?A.wasthereB.wasn'tthereC.wasitD.wasn'tit情景应用(根据情景补全对话)A:Youaregoingtothecinematonight,______?B:Yes,Iam.Wouldyouliketogowithme?A:I'dloveto,butIhavetostudyforatest.Youhaveseenthemoviebefore,______?B:No,Ihaven't.ButIheardit'sveryinteresting.A:Enjoyyourselfthen!B:Thankyou.I'llreturntheDVDtoyoutomorrow,______?A:Sure,nohurry.五、练习答案与解析基础巩固1.isn'the(陈述句肯定，be动词is，故用isn'the)2.arethey(陈述句否定，be动词are，故用arethey)3.can'tshe(陈述句肯定，情态动词can，故用can'tshe)4.haven'twe(陈述句肯定，助动词have，故用haven'twe)5.didhe(陈述句否定，实义动词过去式，助动词用did，故用didhe)6.isn'tthere(therebe句型，肯定，故用isn'tthere)7.don'tthey(陈述句肯定，实义动词play，一般现在时，主语非三单，助动词用don't)8.doeshe(陈述句含否定词never，视为否定，实义动词smokes，三单，助动词用does)能力提升9.B(Let's...用shallwe)10.C(Ithink引导的宾语从句，反义疑问看从句，从句肯定，故用isn'tshe)11.A(陈述句否定，故用肯定doyou)12.A(陈述句含否定词little，视为否定，therebe句型，故用wasthere)情景应用A:Youaregoingtothecinematonight,