UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION 高中英语必修第三册

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION佳作抢鲜背学续写思路，背精彩范文(主题语境：人与社会之邻里关爱)(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)由于经济衰退，许多家庭都在努力维持生计。Mrs.Meredith是个善良体贴的人，她拜访贫穷的人，给他们送去食物和药品。在她拜访过一个家庭后，她把这个家庭的情况告诉给了孩子们，并希望他们去帮助那个叫伯纳德的小男孩……续写思路：想出主意——去帮助伯纳德——伯纳德表达感谢——伯纳德开始做生意——取得成功精彩范文Witheverythingready，Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.Hetookthepopcornaroundtothehousesandbegantosellhispopcorn.(与首句衔接)Withthebigboxhangingaroundhisneck,BernardbecametheNo.1popcornboyintheneighborhood.Heearnedalotofmoney.Then，hewantedtobeself-dependent.Therefore，heaskedMrs.Meredithtoteachhimhowtomakepopcorn.Afterthat，notonlydidhesellpopcorn，buthealsoaddedcreamandsalttothepopcorntomakeittastebetter.Eventually，Bernardgrewuptobearemarkableman.HedidnotforgetthehelpofMeredith’sfamily，andhealsodidwhathecouldtohelpthoseinneed.(主旨升华)学习借鉴1.运用得当的过渡衔接词Then，Therefore，Afterthat，Eventually2.精彩的动作链描写①took...andbegantosell...②askedMrs.Meredithtoteachhimhowtomakepopcorn3.提分高级句式(1)with复合结构：Withthebigboxhangingaroundhisneck(2)倒装句：notonlydidhe...语境背诵(限时：25分钟)Ⅰ.阅读单词1.medicalprocedure医疗程序2.aspacerocket太空火箭3.withnogravity在没有重力的情况下4.anelectricvehicle电动车辆5.aweathersatellite气象卫星6.atravelagency旅行社7.transmitdata传输数据8.Shenzhou13spacecraft神舟十三飞船9.thefirstChinesespacewalk中国首次太空行走10.makefulluseofsolarenergy充分利用太阳能11.watchsoapoperas看肥皂剧12.asofttowel软毛巾13.buyanewmicrowave买一个新的微波炉14.varioussportsfacilities各种各样的体育设施15.afatalaccident一次致命的事故16.high-endproducts高端产品17.buryherfaceinthepillow把她的脸埋在枕头里18.asmartphoneoperatingsystem智能手机操作系统19.absorboxygen吸收氧气Ⅱ.核心单词1.welcomethewomanastronaut欢迎女宇航员2.launchacampaign发起一场运动3.forthegoodofallmankind造福全人类4.recycleusefulrubbish回收有用的垃圾5.beyondexpectation出乎意料6.akeengardener一位热衷园艺的人7.ashallowview一个肤浅的观点8.naturalresources自然资源9.otherwiseadv.否则；要不然————————————————————————————1.orbitn.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行2.giantadj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人3.leapn.跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt/leaped，leapt/leaped，leaping)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过4.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望5.ongoingadj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的6.signalvt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志7.musclen.肌肉；实力；影响力8.lackn.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏9.floatvi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流；提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)10.tissuen.纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织11.patternn.模式；图案；模范12.monitorn.监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测；监控13.closingadj.结尾的；结束的n.停业；关闭；倒闭———————————————————————————————————Ⅲ.派生单词1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.精神上；心理上2.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligencen.聪明；智慧3.universen.宇宙；天地万物→universaladj.普遍的→universallyadv.普遍地4.determinevt.查明；确定；决定→determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determinationn.决心；果断5.disappointvt.使失望→disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望；沮丧6.dependv.依靠；依赖→independentadj.独立的；自主的→independentlyadv.独立地；自立地→independencen.独立7.currentadj.当前的；现在的n.水流；电流；思潮；潮流→currentlyadv.当前；现时8.sufficientadj.足够的；充足的→sufficientlyadv.足够地；充足地→(反)insufficientadj.不够的；不足的9.globen.地球；世界；地球仪→globaladj.全球的；全面的→globallyadv.全局地；全球地10.arguevt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论→argumentn.争论；争吵；论点→arguableadj.可论证的11.analyze/analysev.分析→analysisn.(对事物的)分析；分析结果→(pl.)analyses→analystn.分析家12.regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的n.常客→(反)irregularadj.不规则的；不规律的→regularlyadv.经常；定期地13.limitvt.&n.限制→limitedadj.有限的→limitlessadj.无限的→limitationn.限制；限度14.mysteryn.神秘事物；谜→mysteriousadj.神秘的15.attachvt.系；绑；贴→attachedadj.附加的；附属的；依恋的1.thesecretsoftheuniverse宇宙的秘密2.onboard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3.figureout弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白4.asaresult所以；结果(是)5.inclosing最后6.runout用完；耗尽7.focusonsendingpeopleintospace专注于把人送入太空8.carryonworkingsohard继续这样拼命工作9.inthehopeofbeingadmittedtoPekingUniversity希望能被北京大学录取10.soastoencouragecreativity为了激发创造力11.resultinfailure导致失败12.provideforafamily为家人提供生活所需1.Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.[the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式]后来，苏联专注于把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。2.Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.(心理描写)这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。3.Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.(notonly...butalso...)尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还能帮助我们在未来更好地生存下去。4.Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.(be＋adj./n.＋todo)把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。5.Firstly，exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.(动名词短语作主语)首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。6.Whilesleeping，theymustattachthemselvestosomethingsoastopreventfloatingaround.(状语从句的省略)睡觉的时候，他们必须把自己固定在某物上，以防止四处飘荡。【词汇拓展记忆】形容词后缀-less荟萃“反义词”对比记忆聚焦“v.＋out”短语①limit→limitless无限的②aim→aimless无目标的③use→useless没用处的④care→careless粗心的⑤end→endless无止境的⑥count→countless数不清的①sharp→dull②clean→dirty③tough→easy④shallow→deep⑤wide→narrow⑥positive→negative①runout用完；耗尽(不及物)②breakout(战争、打斗等不愉快事件)突然爆发③cutout切断；删去；停止④giveout耗尽(不及物)⑤dieout灭绝；消失⑥lookout小心语基默写(限时：20分钟)Ⅰ.单词拼写一、阅读单词——知其意1.proceduren.程序；步骤；手续2.rocketn.火箭；火箭弹3.gravityn.重力；引力4.vehiclen.交通工具；车辆5.satelliten.人造卫星；卫星6.orbitn.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行7.giantadj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人8.agencyn.(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处9.transmitvt.&vi.传输；发送10.datan.[pl.]资料；数据11.ongoingadj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的12.spacecraftn.航天器；宇宙飞船13.spacewalkn.太空行走；太空行走的时间14.solaradj.太阳的；太阳能的15.microwaven.(alsomicrowaveoven)微波炉16.tissuen.纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织17.facilityn.设施；设备18.fataladj.致命的；灾难性的19.high-endadj.高端的20.pillown.枕头21.smartphonen.智能手机二、核心单词——写其形1.leapn.跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt/leaped，leapt/leaped)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过2.musclen.肌肉；实力；影响力3.floatvi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流；提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)4.otherwiseadv.否则；要不然5.beyondprep.在更远处；超出6.keenadj.热衷的；渴望的7.shallowadj.肤浅的；浅的8.patternn.模式；图案；模范9.monitorn.监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测；监控■结合语境运用单词10.Third，reusablegarbageshouldberecycled(回收利用)asmuchaspossible.11.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresources(资源)wisely.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)12.Thoughlacking(缺乏)money，hisfamilylivedanenjoyablelife.13.Heheadedtothebar，signal(l)ing(示意)tothegirlthatshecouldtakepartinthecampaignlaunched(发起)bythecompany.14.Asweallknow，YangLiweiandWangYapingarefamousastronauts(宇航员)inChina.15.YuanLongpingmadesuchagreatcontributiontomankind(人类)thathewasrespectedandadmiredbypeopleallovertheworld.三、拓展单词——通其变1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.精神上；心理上2.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligencen.聪明；智慧3.universen.宇宙；天地万物→universaladj.普遍的→universallyadv.普遍地4.globen.地球；世界；地球仪→globaladj.全球的；全面的→globallyadv.全局地；全球地5.regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的n.常客→(反)irregularadj.不规则的；不规律的→regularlyadv.经常；定期地■利用语境串记单词6.Whenaskedwhetherhewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut，theboyjustlookedatmewithdetermination.(determine)7.Thoughhewasdisappointedattheresultoftheexamination，hetriedtohidehisdisappointmentinordernottodiscouragehisson.(disappoint)8.Anargumentaboutwhetherpeopleshouldcarryonwithspaceexplorationtookplaceattheconferenceandsomepeoplearguedthatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonit.(argue)9.ManyparentsattachgreatimportancetogettingagoodeducationatthisschoolattachedtoPekingUniversity.(attach)10.Aperson’slifeislimitedbutknowledgeislimitless.(limit)11.Sincethecountrybecameindependentin1842，ithasplayedanimportantroleindependently.(independent)Ⅱ.短语填空1.carryon继续做，坚持干2.onboard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3.inthehopeofdoingsth抱着……的希望4.soasto(dosth)为了；以便5.figureout弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6.resultin导致；造成7.asaresult所以；结果(是)8.provideforsb为某人提供生活所需9.inclosing最后10.runout用完；耗尽■根据语境选词填空11.Allpassengersonboardareexpectedtofastentheseatbeltswhentheplanetakesoffandlands.12.Mankindisexploringspaceinthehopeoffindingoutmoreabouttheuniverse.13.Researchhasshownthathavingapreferenceforjunkfoodcanresultinobesity.14.Inclosing，exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.15.Wefinallyreachedasmallhotelbutunfortunately，wefoundourmoneyhadrunout.Ⅲ.句式仿写1.句型公式：be＋adj./n.＋todo他有很多朋友，因为他容易相处。Hehasmanyfriendsbecauseheiseasytogetalong/onwith.2.句型公式：状语从句的省略在准备比赛时，你需要对中国故事有很多了解。Whenpreparingforthecompetition，youneedtohavemuchknowledgeaboutChinesestories.3.句型公式：the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式我真的很想采访杨利伟，因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。IwouldreallyliketointerviewYangLiweibecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.Part1核心要点突破1.disappointedadj.失望的，沮丧的→disappointvt.使失望/沮丧→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望，沮丧【佳句背诵】Hearingthis，heloweredhiseyes，obviouslydisappointed.(情感描写)听了这话，他垂下眼睛，显然很失望。【以练促学】单句语法填空/同义句转换①Disappointed(disappoint)athisfailingtowinaprize，helockedhimselfinhisroom.②Totheirdisappointment，theyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)→Whatmadethemdisappointed/WhatdisappointedthemwasthattheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(what引导的主语从句)→TheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt，whichmadethemdisappointed/disappointedthem.(定语从句)【用法归纳】·bedisappointedat/with/by...对……失望bedisappointedtodosth对做某事失望bedisappointedthat...对……失望·toone’sdisappointment令某人失望的是2.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望【佳句背诵】KnowingyouhaveastrongdesiretolearnChinesewell，I’dliketoofferyousomesuggestions.(建议信)得知你很想学好汉语，我想给你一些建议。【以练促学】一句多译失望的双胞胎想要父亲告诉他们如何做三明治，他点点头。(动作描写)→Thedisappointedtwinsdesiredtheirfathertotellthemhowtomakesandwiches，andhenodded.→Thedisappointedtwinsdesiredthattheirfather(should)tellthemhowtomakesandwiches，andhenodded.【用法归纳】·haveadesiretodosth渴望做某事haveadesireforsth渴望得到某物·desiretodosth渴望做某事desiresbtodosth渴望某人做某事desirethat...(should)do...渴望……3.signalvt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志；预示；信号灯【佳句背诵】Iranuptothecar，tookhimbythearmandsignal(l)edhimtofollowme.(动作描写)我跑向汽车，拉住他的胳膊，示意他跟我走。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth，signal(l)ing(signal)theendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations.(传统文化)②Thedriverlifteduptheinjuredboy，placedhiminthecarandrushedhimtothehospital，ignoringthetrafficsignalsalltheway.(动作链)司机抱起受伤的男孩，把他放在车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。【用法归纳】·signal(to)sbtodosth示意某人做某事signalthat示意……·trafficsignals交通信号灯4.lackn.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏→lackingadj.不足的；缺乏的【佳句背诵】Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsand(a)lackofexercise.健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。【以练促学】一句多译由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。→Lackingconfidenceandexperience，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(分词短语作状语)→For/Throughlackofconfidenceandexperience，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(lackn.)→Lackinginconfidenceandexperience，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(lackingadj.)【用法归纳】·(a)lackof缺少……for/throughlackof因缺少……·belackingin缺乏……5.arguevi.&vt.(argued，argued，arguing)论证；争辩；争论；主张；说服→argumentn.争论；争吵；论点【佳句背诵】HeencouragedmeandarguedthatIshouldworkontheprojectalone.(2022·浙江卷)他鼓励我并主张我应该独自完成该课题。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①60%oftheintervieweesargueforrubbishclassificationandclaimthattheywilldothisintheirdailylife.②Itisbeyondargument(argue)thattheGreatWallisthesymbolofChina.③IthoughtIcouldarguemyparentsintoallowingmetousemymoneyasIwished.(2021·浙江卷)我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我自己的意愿花钱。【用法归纳】arguewithsbabout/oversth因某事与某人争吵/争论arguefor/against(doing)sth据理赞成/反对(做)某事arguethat...主张……，认为……arguesbinto/outofdoingsth说服某人做/不做某事6.attachvt.系；绑；贴→attachedadj.附加的；附属的；依恋的，爱慕的→attachmentn.附件；附属品；依恋【佳句背诵】Handwritingisofsuchgreatimportancethateveryoneshouldattachgreatimportancetoit.书写至关重要，每个人都应重视。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Formoredetailedinformation，youmightaswellchecktheattached(attach)poster.②Tobehonest，alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobecoming(become)richandfamous.③Shefoundaboxlyingonthetablewithacardattachedtoit，saying“Happybirthday”.她发现桌子上放着一个盒子，盒子上贴着一张卡片，上面写着“生日快乐”。【用法归纳】·attach...to...把……固定/附在……上attachgreatimportance/significanceto...认为……很重要/很有意义·beattachedto附属于；依恋7.resultin导致；造成【佳句背诵】Notonlydidthefestivalmakeusknowmoreaboutdiversecultures，butitalsoresultedinmutualunderstandingandfriendship.(2022·浙江1月卷)文化节不仅使我们更多地了解了不同的文化，也促进了彼此的理解和友谊。【以练促学】同义句转换/一句多译①Itisknowntousthathardworkresultsinsuccess.→Asisknowntous，successresultsfromhardwork.②由于缺乏社交而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的问题。(分词短语作定语)→Misunderstandingsresultingfromlackofsocialcommunication，ifnothandledproperly，mayresultinseriousproblems.→Misunderstandingsarisingfromlackofsocialcommunication，ifnothandledproperly，mayleadtoseriousproblems.【用法归纳】·resultfrom/arisefrom由……造成；因……而产生·asaresult/consequence结果asaresultof由于……的结果withoutresult没有结果；白费8.runout用完；耗尽【佳句背诵】Inthefuture，carefortheenvironmentwillbecomeveryimportantasearth’snaturalresourcesarerunningout.在未来，爱护环境将变得很重要，因为地球的自然资源濒临枯竭。【以练促学】用run的相关短语填空/补全句子①Shehasrunoutofallhermoneyandherpatienceisalsorunningout.②Themomentweranacross/intoacutewildrabbit，werodeourhorsesandranafteritwithouthesitation.③IhadrunoutofallmypatienceandIbegantoexplodewithanger.(情绪描写)我已经失去了所有的耐心，我开始勃然大怒。【用法归纳】runoutof用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态)runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐；追求runinto撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)9.句型公式：the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式【教材原句】Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagainbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.后来，苏联专注于把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。【佳句背诵】JohnwasthefirstpersontothinkofmakingpopcorntohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①LiZiqiisanonlinecelebrity，whoisalsothefirstChinesevloggertohave(have)morethan10millionfansoverseas.②AsfarasIknow，Amywastheonlypersontowitness(witness)thecaraccident.③Personally，IthinkIamthebestpersontotakeupthejob.(申请信)就个人而言，我认为我是做这个工作的最佳人选。【用法归纳】·当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、thenext，theonly，theright，thelast等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。·动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability，chance，opportunity，way，right，ambition，patience，anxiety，attempt等名词。Part2基础达标检测(限时：20分钟)维度一语境运用练——单句语法填空1.ShemanagedasmilewhenIsteppedovertoher，andmyanger，disappointment(disappoint)andheartbreakfadedaway.2.Wedidn’tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime，otherwisewewouldhavegiven(give)youahand.3.Inaddition，takeanactivepartinthevoluntaryactivitieslaunched(launch)bytheoceanorganizations.(2022·全国甲卷)4.WhatcountsisthatIcan’twaittoearnsomepocketmoneytoprovemyindependence(independent).5.Thedesiretowin(win)gloryfortheircountryimpelstheathletestotraindiligently.6.Bytakingexerciseregularly(regular)，Ihavegrownhealthynotonlyphysically，butalsomentally(mental)inthepastyears.7.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled(recycle).Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution.(2021·全国乙卷)8.Lackingphysicalexerciseresultedinpoorhealth.However，peoplearebeginningtoattachmuchmoreimportancetotheirhealththaneverbefore.9.Itisuniversally(universe)acknowledgedthatwealthdoesn’tnecessarilymeanhappiness.10.Throughtheactivity，whatIfeltisthatweareabletoshouldertheresponsibilityandmakeusstrongerandmoredetermined(determine).维度二语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Shewasdispleasedwithabsolutelyeverything，nothingwasrightandIwasrathersurprisedthatshebecamea“regular”.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)n.常客②“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”saysKathrynWhitehead.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)③Startabusinessusingthehelpofyourlocallibrary.Ifyouwanttohaveabusinessofyourown，yourlocallibrarycanbecomealaunchspaceforit.(2020·天津7月卷)n.启动2.选出current的汉语意思A.adj.现在的；当前的B.adj.流通的C.n.水流D.n.潮流①Fightingagainstthestrongcurrentsandcoldwind，shescreamedforhelpatthetopofherlungseverythreeminutesorso.C②ThecurrentmoneyinChinaisRenminbi.B③Weshouldtryourbesttogowiththecurrentofthetimes.D④Studentsareplacedintoclassesbasedontheircurrentlanguageskills.A维度三写作提能练补全句子/同义句转换/句式升级1.Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment，theirfatherappeared.(动作描写，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。2.Thegovernmentlaunched/startedacampaigntoraisepeople’sawarenessofpayingattentiontoourtraditionalcultures.政府发起了一场运动来提高人们关注我们传统文化的意识。3.SinceyouhaveastrongdesiretolearnChineseculture，IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplaceforyou.既然你非常渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。4.Hiscarelessnessresultedintheaccident，whichcausedseriouslosstothesociety.→Theaccidentresultedfromhiscarelessness，whichcausedseriouslosstothesociety.5.I’mdeterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam，soI’moccupiedinpreparingforit.→Determinedtoperformwellinthefinalexam，I’moccupiedinpreparingforit.(形容词短语作状语)6.Heisattachedtoplayingfootball，soheoftenplaysitafterschool.→Attachedtoplayingfootball，heoftenplaysitafterschool.(分词短语作状语)→Attachinghimselftoplayingfootball，heoftenplaysitafterschool.(分词短语作状语)双写培优练练一应用文写作运用(求助信——因父母不支持而失望)1.利用本单元所学知识翻译句子①我和父母之间存在一个问题，使我无法继续我的学习。(make＋it＋宾补＋不定式)Thereexistsaproblembetweenmyparentsandme，makingitimpossibleformetocarryonwithmystudy.②决心解决它，我写信向你寻求帮助。(分词短语作状语)Determinedtosettleit，I’mwritingtoseekyourhelp.③我非常热衷于太空探索，我经常去图书馆，希望获得关于宇宙的足够知识。(so...that...)IamsokeenonspaceexplorationthatIregularlygotothelibraryinthehopeofgainingsufficientknowledgeabouttheuniverse.④我的父母认为我的爱好会导致我学习成绩不好。Myparentsthinkmyhobbywillresultinmypooracademicperformance.⑤让我失望的是他们总是和我争论我的爱好。(what引导主语从句)Whatmakesmedisappointedisthattheyalwaysarguewithmeaboutmyhobby.⑥他们警告我放弃。否则，他们决定不供养我。Theywarnmetogiveitup.Otherwise，theyaredeterminednottoprovideforme.⑦我深信你会说服我父母支持我的爱好。(宾语从句)Iamgreatlyconvincedthatyoucanarguemyparentsintosupportingmyhobby.2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇Thereexistsaproblembetweenmyparentsandme，makingitimpossibleformetocarryonwithmystudy.Determinedtosettleit，I’mwritingtoseekyourhelp.Actually，IamsokeenonspaceexplorationthatIregularlygotothelibraryinthehopeofgainingsufficientknowledgeabouttheuniverse.However，myparentsthinkmyhobbywillresultinmypooracademicperformance.Moreover，whatmakesmedisappointedisthattheyalwaysarguewithmeaboutmyhobby.Evenworse，theywarnmetogiveitup.Otherwise，theyaredeterminednottoprovideforme.Iamgreatlyconvincedthatyoucanarguemyparentsintosupportingmyhobby.练二续写微技能5——表达“惊恐与害怕”必备核心词语形容词afraid，scared，scary，frightened，frightening，fearful，terrified，terrifying，alarmed，alarming副词alarmedly，fearfully名词fear，scare，fright，terror，alarm词块scare/frightensbtodeath(把某人吓死)，benearlydeadwithfright(几乎吓死过去)，makeherhairstandonend(使她毛骨悚然)，befrozenwithfear(被吓呆)，begintogrowalarmed(开始惊慌失措)佳句观摩好句仿写1.Herheartwasracingwithfear.她的心因恐惧而狂跳。2.Awaveoffearwelledupin/sweptoverher.Herthroattightenedandherkneesfeltweak.一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。她喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。3.Fearfloodedoverher，makinghershakingall.恐惧涌上心头，使她浑身发抖。1.Youcannotimaginehowfrightenedwewereattheapproachofthepolarbear.你无法想象北极熊向我们逼近时我们是多么的恐惧。2.Extremelyterrified，Ifeltmylegsweretremblingandmypalmsweresweating.极度惊恐之下，我觉得我两腿发抖，手心冒汗。Part3高考题型通关(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·广州天河区综合测试)Youlookupattheskyonaclearanddarknight;you’llseemorestarsthanyoureyescancount.Mostofthesestarshaveplanets，similartoourown，orbitingthem.Withsomanycelestialbodiesfloatingoutinspace，youcan’thelpbutquestionwhetherotherformsoflifeexistintheuniverse.Andifthat’sthecase，isitpossibletocontactthem?Scienceisstillsomewhatdividedonthisissue.Currently，noevidenceexiststosuggestthatintelligentlifeexistselsewhereintheuniverse.Yetwithanestimatedonetrillionplanetsinourgalaxyalone，itseemshighlylikelythatEarthlingsaren’ttheonlyintelligentcreaturesoutthere.Someclaimthatlifecanonlydevelopunderperfectcircumstances，andEarthisperhapstheonlyexampleofthis.Otherscientistsobjecttothisclaim，andpointoutthatevenonEarth，lifecanfindawayunderthemostextremecircumstances.Somepeoplebelievethatalienshavealreadyvisitedourplanet，butthisinformationisbeingkeptsecretbygovernments.ThemostfamousincidentofthiskindoccurredinRoswell，NewMexicoin1947.Onthatdate，manyresidentsreportedseeinganunusualflyingdiscstreakthroughthesky，beforeitcrashedinafield.Whenthemilitaryheardaboutthecrash，theyquicklysealedoffthearea.Afewhourslater，thearmybaseannouncedthatithadrecoveredaflyingdisk.Shortlyafter，thisstatementwasretractedanditwassaidthatitwasaweatherballoonthatcrashed.However，yearslateronelocalmorticianevenclaimedthatthemilitaryhadhimsecretlyperformanautopsyonadeadalienbody.Othersbelievethattherecertainlyareotherlifeformsoutthere，butthedistancebetweenusistoogreat.Evenifwecouldsomehowcreateaspaceshipthattravelsatthespeedoflight，itwouldstillprobablytakeseverallifetimestoreachthem.Thenagain，wemightneverhavetodothisifaliensreachusfirst.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章主要论述了太空中是否还存在其它形式的生命，论述了不同的人对此的不同看法。1.Whydosomescientiststhinkthereislifeonotherplanets?A.Becauseanunusualflyingdiscwaseverwitnessed.B.BecauselifeexistsdespiteextremeconditionsasthoseontheEarthdo.C.Becausethegovernment’sstatementseemedsuspicious.D.Becausethereareagreatnumberofplanetsintheuniverse.答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yetwithanestimatedone...creaturesoutthere.”可知，有些科学家认为其他星球上有生命是因为宇宙中有大量的行星。]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retracted”inparagraph3mean?A.Examinedagaintoguaranteethecorrectness.B.Emphasizedagaintopersuadepeople.C.Formallytakenbackwhathasbeensaid.D.Seriouslycriticizedduetopoorevidence答案C[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Afewhourslater...Shortlyafter，thisstatementwas”以及后文“itwassaidthatitwasaweatherballoonthatcrashed”可知，该军事基地宣布他们找到了一个飞碟。不久之后，这一声明被撤回，据说是一个气象气球坠毁。故画线词意思是“正式收回说过的话”。]3.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Arewealoneintheuniverse?B.Isitpossibletocontactaliens?C.IntelligentlifeintheuniverseD.Planetsfloatingoutinspace答案A[标题归纳题。文章主要论述了太空中是否还存在其它形式的生命，论述了不同的人对此的不同看法。可知，A选项最符合文章标题。]4.Howdoestheauthorsoundinthepassage?A.Objective. B.Humorous.C.Cautious. D.Anxious.答案A[观点态度题。根据第二段中“Scienceisstillsomewhatdividedonthisissue.”；第三段中“Somepeoplebelieve...bygovernments.”以及最后一段中“Othersbelievethattherecertainlyareotherlifeformsoutthere...toogreat.”可推知，文中没有提到作者的观点，即作者是客观的语气。]BananasareoneofthemostimportantcropsonEarth.AccordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)，400millionpeoplerelyonbananasasasourceoffoodorincome.Butthebananasweknowandlovemaybeattheriskofextinction.Aroundtheworld，bananaplantsaredyingatanalarmingrate.They’rebeingattackedbyaformofPanamadiseasecalledTropicalRace4(TR4).Farmers，experts，andindustryleadershavefearedthedaythatTR4wouldhitLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean.About85%ofbananasexportedworldwidearegrownthere.OnAugust8，2019，thosefearscametrue.ColombiadeclaredanationalemergencyascasesofTR4wereconfirmedatsixbananafarmsinthecountry.TR4isafungus(真菌)thatlivesinsoil.Itinfectsbananaplantsthroughtherootsandmovesintothestems.There，itpreventswaterandnutrientsfromreachingtheplant’sleaves.Theplantturnsyellow，andthenitdriesupanddies.“ItcantakesixmonthstoayearforfarmerstospotTR4inafieldofbananaplants.Bythen，it’shardtotreatthedisease.Farmerscanonlytrytokeepitfromspreading.ButTR4spreadseasily，fromplanttoplantandfromfarmtofarm.Withincreasedhumantransportation，travelandtrade，nocountryislikelytobeimmunetothedisease，”FazilDusuncelioftheFAOsays.Partoftheproblemisthat99%ofbananasexportedareofthesamevariety:Cavendish.Thisishelpfulforthebananaindustry.Largecompaniescangrowmorebananaswhentheygrowonlyonekind，whichmeanstheycanmakemoremoney.Butalackofdiversityisnotgoodfornature.Becauseofthis，whenadiseasesuchasTR4strikes，allCavendishbananasareequallylikelytobeattacked.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了由于种植的品种单一，香蕉正面临着灭绝的风险。5.Whatproblemaboutbananasismainlydiscussedinthetext?A.Theirproductionkeepsshrinkingrapidly.B.Theirattractiontoconsumerskeepsfalling.C.They’relikelytobecomeafruitthatnolongerexists.D.They’llbetotallyreplacedbyanothernewcropsoon.答案C[细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句和第二段的第一句可知，香蕉树正以惊人的速度死去，我们所熟悉并喜爱的香蕉有可能灭绝。由此可知答案。]6.WhatdoFazilDusunceli’swordsmainlyimplyaboutTR4?A.Itisnotaneasyjobtodetectit.B.Itisalreadywidespreadglobally.C.Itcanspreadfromplantstohumans.D.Farmersareatalossastohowtohandleit.答案A[推理判断题。根据第四段的ItcantakesixmonthstoayearforfarmerstospotTR4inafieldofbananaplants可知，农民们需要六个月至一年的时间才能在香蕉地里发现TR4。由此可以推断，要发现TR4不是一件容易的事。]7.Accordingtothetext，plantingonlythesamevarietyofbananas.A.makesdiseasemanagementeasierB.reducestheproductioncostsC.doesalotofgoodtonatureD.isahighlyriskybehaviour答案D[推理判断题。根据文章最后两句可知，缺乏多样性对大自然不利，当类似TR4这样的疾病发作时，所有Cavendish香蕉都同样容易受到攻击。由此可以推断，只种植同一个品种的香蕉是一种高风险的行为。]8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnewvirusB.BananasatriskC.ChallengesforFAOD.Varietylimitationsofbananas答案B[标题归纳题。本文主要讲了由于种植的品种单一，香蕉正面临着灭绝的风险。由此可知答案。](2023·东北师范大学附中高三摸底)Ajointresearchteamrecentlyhavedevelopedanewelectronicskinthatissimilartohumanskininstrength，durabilityandsensitivity.Theskinore-skinmayplayanimportantroleinnext-generationpersonalizedmedicine，softroboticsandartificialintelligence.“Theideale-skinwillmimic(模仿)themanynaturalfunctionsofhumanskin，suchassensingtemperatureandtouch，accuratelyandinrealtime，”saysleadingresearcherYichenCai.However，makingsuitablyflexibleelectronicsthatcanperformsuchdelicatetaskswhilealsousedrepeatedlyischallenging，andeachmaterialinvolvedmustbecarefullyengineered.Moste-skinsaremadebyputtinganactivesensoronthesurfacethatattachestohumanskin.However，theconnectionbetweenthemisoftentooweak，whichreducesthedurabilityandsensitivityofthematerial;otherwise，ifitistoostrong，itwon’tbeflexibleenough，makingitmorelikelytobreakthecircuit.“Th