【答案】《林木病理学》(东北林业大学)章节期末中国大学慕课答案

CHAPTERONEINTRODUCTIONTODISEASESChapterOneTest1.单选题：Accordingtothenatureofcauseofdisease,plantdiseasesareclassifiedasfollows:

选项：

A、InfectiousdiseasesandNoninfectiousdiseases

B、Infectiousdiseasesandbiologicaldiseases

C、Noninfectiousdiseasesandabioticdiseases

D、Infectiousdiseasesandbioticdiseases

答案：【InfectiousdiseasesandNoninfectiousdiseases】2.多选题：Forthefollowingdescriptionofplantdiseases,thecorrectunderstandingofplantdiseasesis:

选项：

A、Uncontrolledplantdiseasesmayresultinlessfoodandhigherfoodpricesorinfoodofpoorquality.

B、Diseasedplantproducemaysometimesbepoisonousandunfitforconsumption.

C、Someplantdiseasesmaywipeoutentireplantspeciesandmanyaffectthebeautyandlandscapeofourenvironment.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Uncontrolledplantdiseasesmayresultinlessfoodandhigherfoodpricesorinfoodofpoorquality.;Diseasedplantproducemaysometimesbepoisonousandunfitforconsumption.;Someplantdiseasesmaywipeoutentireplantspeciesandmanyaffectthebeautyandlandscapeofourenvironment.】3.多选题：Whichofthefollowingbelongtoplantinfectiousdiseases

选项：

A、Diseasescausedbyfungi

B、Diseasescausedbyparasitichigherplants

C、Diseasescausedbyvirusesandviroids

D、Diseasescausedbylackorexcessofsoilmoisture

答案：【Diseasescausedbyfungi;Diseasescausedbyparasitichigherplants;Diseasescausedbyvirusesandviroids】4.多选题：Whichofthefollowingbelongtoabioticdiseases

选项：

A、Diseasescausedbytoolowortoohighatemperature

B、Diseasescausedbynematodes

C、Diseasescausedbylackorexcessofsoilmoisture

D、Diseasescausedbylackorexcessoflight

E、Diseasescausedbylackofoxygen

F、Diseasescausedbyairpollution

G、Diseasescausedbynutrientdeficiencies

答案：【Diseasescausedbytoolowortoohighatemperature;Diseasescausedbylackorexcessofsoilmoisture;Diseasescausedbylackorexcessoflight;Diseasescausedbylackofoxygen;Diseasescausedbyairpollution;Diseasescausedbynutrientdeficiencies】5.多选题：Whatarethebenefitsoflearningplantpathology

选项：

A、Asascience,plantpathologytriestoincreaseourknowledgeaboutplantdiseases.

B、plantpathologytriestodevelopmethods,equipment,andmaterialsthroughwhichplantdiseasescanbeavoidedorcontrolled.

C、plantpathologycanhelpustoreducefoodlosses,improvingfoodqualityand,atthesametime,safeguardingourenvironment.

D、Noanyuse.

答案：【Asascience,plantpathologytriestoincreaseourknowledgeaboutplantdiseases.;plantpathologytriestodevelopmethods,equipment,andmaterialsthroughwhichplantdiseasescanbeavoidedorcontrolled.;plantpathologycanhelpustoreducefoodlosses,improvingfoodqualityand,atthesametime,safeguardingourenvironment.】CHAPTERTWONoninfectiousDiseasesandAbioticInjuriesChapterTwoTest1.单选题：以下对biologicalagents正确的理解是：

选项：

A、生物元素

B、非生物元素

C、生物因子

D、非生物因子

答案：【生物因子】2.单选题：abioticdiseaseis

选项：

A、Diseaseresultingfromnonlivingagents

B、Diseasecausedbylivingorganisms

C、Diseasecausedbyfungi

D、Diseasecausedbybiologicalfactors

答案：【Diseaseresultingfromnonlivingagents】3.单选题：WhatisthedefinitionofInfection?

选项：

A、Processofpathogenestablishingitselfonahostandneverobtainingfood.

B、Processofpathogenestablishingitselfonahostandobtainingfood.

C、Processofpathogenestablishingitselfonahostandcan’tobtainfood.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Processofpathogenestablishingitselfonahostandobtainingfood.】4.单选题：whichofthefollowingisabioticfactor?

选项：

A、Sunflower

B、Sunlight

C、Carbondioxide

D、Soil

答案：【Sunflower】5.单选题：Redbandneedleblightofpineisakindof_____disease.

选项：

A、Non-infectiousDisease

B、InfectiousDisease

C、Nosymptom

D、Noneoftheabove

答案：【InfectiousDisease】6.多选题：Whicharebioticfactorsinthefollowingitems？

选项：

A、Carbondioxide

B、Bacteria

C、Sunlight

D、Soil

E、Fungi

答案：【Bacteria;Fungi】7.单选题：非侵染性病害是由一些非生物的因素如不利于植物生长的物理和化学因素引起的。

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】8.单选题：农药对植物的伤害有时候是致命的，药害属于非侵染性病害。

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】9.单选题：非侵染性病害在田间分布比较均匀，具有发病中心。

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】10.单选题：非侵染性病害有病征，特征明显。

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】CHAPTERTHREEFungiChapterThreeTEST1.单选题：plantpathologyis

选项：

A、thestudyoftheorganismsandenvironmentalfactorsthatcausediseasesinhuman,mechanismsbywhichtheycausedisease,andmethodsofmanagingdiseasesandreducingdamage.

B、thestudyoftheorganismsandenvironmentalfactorsthatcausediseasesinanimals,mechanismsbywhichtheycausedisease,andmethodsofmanagingdiseasesandreducingdamage.

C、thestudyoftheorganismsandenvironmentalfactorsthatcausediseasesinplants,mechanismsbywhichtheycausedisease,andmethodsofmanagingdiseasesandreducingdamage.

D、Noneofabove

答案：【thestudyoftheorganismsandenvironmentalfactorsthatcausediseasesinplants,mechanismsbywhichtheycausedisease,andmethodsofmanagingdiseasesandreducingdamage.】2.单选题：Whatisplantdisease?

选项：

A、sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalandnon-biologicalagentsendingsometimesinplantdeath.

B、sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalandnon-biologicalagents,nevercauseplantdeath.

C、sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalagentsonlyandendingsometimesinplantdeath.

D、Allofabove

答案：【sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalandnon-biologicalagentsendingsometimesinplantdeath.】3.单选题：Apathogenis

选项：

A、Anorganismuponwhichanorganismofadifferentspeciesgrowsandfromwhichallormostofitsfoodisderived.

B、anorganismthatcausesdisease.

C、Asaclikestructure,usuallycontainingeightascosporesorthesexualsporesoftheAscomycota,formedbykaryogamyandmeiosis.

D、Noneofabove.

答案：【anorganismthatcausesdisease.】4.单选题：Hostis

选项：

A、Abilityofanorganismtocausedisease.

B、Anorganismuponwhichanorganismofadifferentspeciesgrowsandfromwhichallormostofitsfoodisderived.

C、Asaclikestructure,usuallycontainingeightascosporesorthesexualsporesoftheAscomycota,formedbykaryogamyandmeiosis.

D、Noneofabove

答案：【Anorganismuponwhichanorganismofadifferentspeciesgrowsandfromwhichallormostofitsfoodisderived.】5.单选题：Bioticdiseaseis

选项：

A、Diseasecausedbylivingorganisms.

B、Diseasecausedbywater.

C、Diseaseresultingfromnonlivingagents.

D、Diseasecausedbysun.

答案：【Diseasecausedbylivingorganisms.】CHAPTERTWELVEFORESTDECLINESChaptertwelvetest1.单选题：对Forestdecline正确的理解的是

选项：

A、森林衰退

B、森林死亡

C、森林消失

D、森林灭绝

答案：【森林衰退】2.单选题：引起森林衰退的原因有

选项：

A、多种因素综合引起

B、仅单一因素引起

C、没有原因

D、找不到发生原因

答案：【多种因素综合引起】3.单选题：对森林衰退的症状描述正确的是

选项：

A、生长健壮，球果发育正常

B、生长速度慢，叶稀疏、变小及扭曲，叶脉变褐色，叶片过早变黄、脱落，结果异常增多，营养物质储备不足等。

C、叶片绿色，植物发育正常

D、生长势良好，树冠完整，球果部分发育，结果量产籽量正常。

答案：【生长速度慢，叶稀疏、变小及扭曲，叶脉变褐色，叶片过早变黄、脱落，结果异常增多，营养物质储备不足等。】4.单选题：森林衰退病没有办法防治的说法是否正确。

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】5.单选题：森林衰退病没有症状的说法是否正确。

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】期末考试期末考试1.单选题：whichofthefollowingcellsorstructuresareassociatedwithsexualreproductioninfungi?

选项：

A、ascospores

B、rhizomorph(菌索)

C、conidiophore（分生孢子梗）

D、Conidia

答案：【ascospores】2.单选题：Allfungisharewhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?

选项：

A、symbiotic

B、heterotrophic

C、pathogenic

D、actasdecomposers

答案：【heterotrophic】3.单选题：chestnutblightisakindof_____disease.

选项：

A、Non-infectious

B、Infectious

C、Nosymptom

D、Noneoftheabove

答案：【Infectious】4.单选题：Whatisthedefinitionofobligateparasite?

选项：

A、Aparasitethatisincapableofexistingindependentlyofdeadtissues.

B、Aparasitethatisincapableofexistingindependentlyoflivingtissues.

C、Anorganismthatcanonlygrowsaprophyticallyondeadorganicmatter.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Aparasitethatisincapableofexistingindependentlyoflivingtissues.】5.单选题：WhatisthedefinitionofFacultativesaprophytes?

选项：

A、areincapableofexistingindependentlyofdeadtissues.

B、aremostlyparasitic,buthavethefacultytoliveondeadorganicmatter,likePhytophthoraspp.

C、aremostlysaprophytes,buthavethefacultytoliveonlivingorganisms,suchasrootandbuttrots.Noneoftheabove.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【aremostlyparasitic,buthavethefacultytoliveondeadorganicmatter,likePhytophthoraspp.】6.单选题：Whatisthedefinitionoftoxicity?

选项：

A、Abilityofahosttowithstandinfectionand/ordevelopmentofapathogen.

B、Abilityofapesttowithstandinfectionand/ordevelopmentofapathogen.

C、Theinherentabilityofatoxicanttodamageplantsandanimals.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Theinherentabilityofatoxicanttodamageplantsandanimals.】7.单选题：Whatisthepossiblediameterformushroomspores?

选项：

A、10μm

B、1-250μm

C、10-375μm

D、1m

答案：【10μm】8.单选题：以下对pathogen-associatedmolecularpatterns(PAMPs)正确的理解是：

选项：

A、病原物相关分子模式

B、病原与分子的关系

C、病原物与分子关系图

D、病害与分子的模型图

答案：【病原物相关分子模式】9.单选题：以下对obligatesaprophytes正确的理解是：

选项：

A、专性寄生物

B、专性腐生物

C、兼性寄生物

D、兼性腐生物

答案：【专性腐生物】10.单选题：以下对Genetictransformation正确的理解是：

选项：

A、遗传转移

B、基因转移

C、遗传转化

D、基因漂移

答案：【遗传转化】11.单选题：以下对geneexpression正确的理解是：

选项：

A、基因表现

B、基因表情

C、基因表达

D、遗传表达

答案：【基因表达】12.单选题：Dutchelmdiseaseisakindof_____disease.

选项：

A、Non-infectiousorAbiotic

B、InfectiousorBiotic

C、Non-infectiousorBiotic

D、Noneoftheabove

答案：【InfectiousorBiotic】13.单选题：primarygermtube的中文术语为

选项：

A、初级发芽管

B、初生芽管

C、先进的麦芽管

D、以上都不对

答案：【初生芽管】14.单选题：分子植物病理学中Plant-PathogenInteractions的中文意思为

选项：

A、植物和病原关系

B、植物与病原互作

C、植物与病原联系

D、以上全对

答案：【植物与病原互作】15.单选题：Accordingtoplantpathology,whichofthefollowingisnotcausedbyviraldiseases?

选项：

A、Chlorophyllformationmaypartiallybelacking

B、Thevirus-infectedtreeorshrubmaybesmallerthanhealthyindividuals

C、Rapiddivisionandgrowthofthevirus-infectedcellsoftenoccurs

D、Bacterialgallonthestem

答案：【Bacterialgallonthestem】16.单选题：whichfeatureisnotcharacteristicofmushroomstructure?

选项：

A、ring

B、gills

C、stem

D、leaf

答案：【leaf】17.单选题：Whatisplantdisease?

选项：

A、sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalandnon-biologicalagentsendingsometimesinplantdeath.

B、sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalandnon-biologicalagents,nevercauseplantdeath.

C、sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalagentsonlyandendingsometimesinplantdeath.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【sustainedphysiologicalandstructuraldamagetoplanttissuescausedbybiologicalandnon-biologicalagentsendingsometimesinplantdeath.】18.单选题：abioticdiseaseis

选项：

A、Diseaseresultingfromnonlivingagents.

B、Diseasecausedbyviruses.

C、Diseasecausedbyfungi.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Diseaseresultingfromnonlivingagents.】19.单选题：Saprophyteis

选项：

A、Anorganismthatlivesondeadorganicmatter.

B、Anorganismthatlivesonlivingorganicmatter.

C、Anorganismthatlivesonlivingordeadorganicmatter.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Anorganismthatlivesondeadorganicmatter.】20.单选题：Parasiteis

选项：

A、anorganismthatgrowspartorallofthetimeonorwithinanotherorganismofadifferentspecies(knownasitshost),andfromwhichitderivesallorpartofitsfood.

B、anorganismthatlivesondeadorganicmatter.

C、anorganismthatcausesdisease.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【anorganismthatgrowspartorallofthetimeonorwithinanotherorganismofadifferentspecies(knownasitshost),andfromwhichitderivesallorpartofitsfood.】21.单选题：Apathogenis

选项：

A、Anorganismuponwhichanorganismofadifferentspeciesgrowsandfromwhichallormostofitsfoodisderived.

B、anorganismthatcausesdisease.

C、Asaclikestructure,usuallycontainingeightascosporesorthesexualsporesoftheAscomycota,formedbykaryogamyandmeiosis.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【anorganismthatcausesdisease.】22.单选题：Bioticdiseaseis

选项：

A、Diseasecausedbylivingorganisms.

B、Diseaseresultingfromnonlivingagents.

C、Diseasecausedbyfrozendamage.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Diseasecausedbylivingorganisms.】23.单选题：Hostis

选项：

A、Abilityofanorganismtocausedisease.

B、Anorganismuponwhichanorganismofadifferentspeciesgrowsandfromwhichallormostofitsfoodisderived.

C、Asaclikestructure,usuallycontainingeightascosporesorthesexualsporesoftheAscomycota,formedbykaryogamyandmeiosis.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Anorganismuponwhichanorganismofadifferentspeciesgrowsandfromwhichallormostofitsfoodisderived.】24.单选题：丁香白粉病危害叶片上出现的白粉是属于：A病征B病状C症状D说不清

选项：

A、病征

B、病状

C、不是症状

D、说不清

答案：【病征】25.单选题：PlantspeciesAcannotfightmostfungalinfections,whileplantspeciesBmakesaproteinthatkillsmanyfungi.WhatisonepossiblewayforhumanstoengineerspeciesAplantsthatcanproducethefungus-killingprotein?Choose1answer:

选项：

A、TheycantakemutantfungalDNAandinsertitintospeciesA.

B、TheycanaddDNAfromspeciesBintothesoilaroundspeciesA.

C、TheycancrossspeciesAwithafungustostimulateproteinsynthesis.

D、TheycaninsertthegenefortheproteinfromspeciesBintoachromosomeinspeciesA.

答案：【TheycaninsertthegenefortheproteinfromspeciesBintoachromosomeinspeciesA.】26.单选题：CytosporaCankerofPoplar(ValsasordidaNit.)isa___________disease.

选项：

A、Bacterial

B、Fungal

C、Viral

D、Abiotic

答案：【Fungal】27.单选题：AlternarialeafspotofpoplarcausedbyAlternariaalternataisa___________disease.

选项：

A、Bacterial

B、Fungal

C、Viral

D、Abiotic

答案：【Fungal】28.单选题：Redbandneedleblightofpineisakindof__________disease.

选项：

A、Non-infectiousDisease

B、InfectiousDisease

C、Nosymptom

D、Noneoftheabove

答案：【InfectiousDisease】29.单选题：以下对plantphenotype正确的理解是：

选项：

A、植物表情

B、植物形状

C、植物外貌

D、植物表现型

答案：【植物表现型】30.单选题：Whatcellularprocessispolymerasechainreaction(PCR)mostsimilarto?Choose1answer:

选项：

A、DNAreplication

B、Translation

C、Transcription

D、Mitosis

答案：【DNAreplication】31.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisabenefitofgeneticengineeringtohumans?Choose1answer:

选项：

A、Producingfoodswithlownutritionalvalue

B、Decreasingtheyieldofcrops

C、Reducingdiversityoforganisms

D、Developingmedicinesforhumans

答案：【Developingmedicinesforhumans】32.单选题：Aplantbiologistisaskedtodevelopmuskmelonplantswithlarger,muskmelonberries.Throughselectivebreeding,thebiologistsuccessfullyproducesthenewmuskmelonplant.Whatisonemethodthebiologistcanusetoproducemanyidenticalmuskmelonplantsofthesamekind?Choose1answer:

选项：

A、Cloning

B、Gelelectrophoresis

C、Naturalselection

D、Selectivebreeding

答案：【Cloning】33.单选题：CrowngalloftengrowsonwillowinSunIslandPark，Crowngallisa_____disease.

选项：

A、Viral

B、Nematode

C、Abiotic

D、Bacterial

E、Noneoftheabove

答案：【Bacterial】34.单选题：对Forestdecline正确的理解的是

选项：

A、森林衰退

B、森林死亡

C、森林灭绝

D、森林消失

答案：【森林衰退】35.单选题：DiplodiaBlightofPines（松枯梢病）iscasusedbySphaeropsissapinea,syn.Diplodiapinea，whichofthefollowingisthecorrectdescriptionofthedisease.

选项：

A、Non-infectiousdisease

B、Afungalinfectiousdisease

C、Abacterialinfectiousdisease

D、Noneoftheabove

答案：【Afungalinfectiousdisease】36.多选题：Thecorrectdescriptionoffungiis

选项：

A、Fungiareheterotrophsthatfeedbyabsorption

B、Fungiproducesporesthroughsexualorasexuallifecycles

C、Fungiplaykeyrolesinnutrientcycling,ecologicalinteractions,andhumanwelfare

D、Theancestoroffungiwasanaquatic,singlecelled,flagellatedprotist

E、Fungihaveradiatedintoadiversesetoflineages

答案：【Fungiarehete