初升高英语衔接讲义：动名词

高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法【初中动名词考点聚焦】功能：掌握动名词可以作为句子的主语或宾语及固定搭配。2．Wesuggestparents3．ChangAnwinshigh5．Icouldgetthemeaningby6．Englishever7．Weareconsidering【高中动名词考点聚焦】=Q课标解读动名词是非谓语动词，它由“动词原形+ing”构成。有的动词-ing形式在句中起名动词-ing形式的时态和语态详见下表（以write为例）：beingwritten=Q考点清单动名词属于非谓语动词，它具有名词和动词的特点，它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。此外，它也有时态和语态的变化，还有复合结构的▇成分的充当√√√√√√√√√√××√√√√考点归纳一、动名词作主语典型用法Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火是很危Toplaywithfireisdangerous.玩火是动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较：Smokingisnotgoodforhealth.（泛1.动名词直接作主语，如：Seeingisbelieving.百闻不如一2.It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于Itisnouse/goodcomplaining。抱怨无济于事。Nosmoking(=Nosmokingisallowed(here)).（禁止2.It’snogood(regret)yourp3.4.InancientChina,thecurrencyconsistedmainlyofprec (carry)alargequantityofcashwasnotonlyaheavyburdenbutasrobberiesquiteoftenhappenedalong考点归纳二、动名词作宾语典型用法suggest/advise/recommend,risk,devoteoneselfto,resist/tolerate,lookforwardto,deny,escapequit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,quit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,forbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,caforbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,ca如：IpractiselearningEnglihavedifficulty/trouble(in)doThereisnopoint/use(pend/wastetime(in)doing.ThemusiciswellworthlisteniWearebusypreparingforthecoming考点归纳三、动名词作表语典型用法Myhobbyisswimming.=Swimmingismyh考点归纳四、动名词作定语典型用法swimmingpool=apoolforswimming=apoolwhichisusedfreadingroom=aroomforreading=aroomwhichisusedforreading等threshingground打谷场waitingroom候车室【扩展】(1).只能接不定式作宾语的动词：决心努力学习。want,need,refuse,forgetdecide,determine,try,managhope,wish,expect,long,offagreepromise,begin,start,mind介意practise练习putoff推迟resist抵抗YoumusttryyourbesttoavoidmeetinghimiWhenIheardhisvoice,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofmyfather.当我听到他的声音Ienjoyreadingnewspaperswh用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinter2.Sometimesstudentspostpone(do)theirhomew3.Idon'tappreciate4.Asanewdriver,IhavetopractTheflowersneedwatering/tobeTheproblemisworthdis用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 (stop)mebutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn’ttur (lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights. (do)housework.Seein (cry). whohadhelpedinhercareer.5.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways(get)herpermissionforthings,thinbeafraidof...为……而害怕beashamedof...为……感到羞耻bebusy(in)doingbefondof喜欢begoodat...擅长于……beinterestedin...对……感兴趣beproudof...为……感到骄傲besickof...对……感到恶心betriedof...厌烦……dreamof梦想hearof听说，知道keep...from避免prevent...from避免……setabout...动手去做……stop...from避免……thank...for...为……而感谢……thinkof想到spend...(in)doingsOnhearingthemanager’svoice,heturnedofftheswitchatoncNowtheyarebusy(in)preparing考点归纳五、时态和语态beingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone如：HecametothepartywithoutbHowever,therearepeoplewhodon’tlikebeingtoldwhatwordstheyhavetoTherewasareportofthebridgebeingclimbedbyagroupoftouristsin1998.如：IregretnotfollowinNotusingtherightwordswhenwespeakmayoffendsomepeople.NotclimbingtheSydneyHarbourBridgewouldbealifeMyjobisnotmanagingtheoffice.如：Werememberedhavings2.动名词的完成被动式(havingbeen用动名词的完成式时，强调它表示的动作在位于所表示的动作之前发生，但是和主语之间不再是主动关系，如：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfi考点归纳六、动名词的复合结构带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词(=ThatshecametohelpencouragJane’sbeingcarelesscau(=ThatJanewascarelesscausedsomuchWhat’stroublingthemis(=What’stroublingthemisthattheydon’thaveenoe.g.HisnotknowingtheforeignculturemakeshimemHiscomingmakesmeh().Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught2．(admit)hismistake3．Shewasscaredof4．Sheadmitted5．Thenurseappliedpressur6．(tend)toplants7．Instead,sherecommends“DivisionofResponsibility”,...(所给词的适当形式填空)11．(maintain)a13．Upon15．Hedevotesmostofhissparetimeto16．Mostteenagersenjoy17．Afterhoursofdiscussion,thete18．Youshouldavoid(19．It’sawasteoftime(argue20．Wealllookforwardto21．(听音乐)befor25．By(积26．Itisnouse(抱怨)theexamresult27．Inordertokeephealthy,I’mthinkingof29．Thestudentsarewillingto三、语篇填空（动名词专练）1(develop)goodlearninghab(waste)studytimeon(encourage)mewhenIfallbt(quality)formthebasisofafriendship.projectandhisschoolwork,andIcanseethatmakes.Ishouldalsoencouragehim5struggling6takeupsomeofmysparetimeinme.Through10In2013,IrealisedthatIneededmuchthedecisionwouldchangemefortherestofmylife!Beforetravelling,Iwasalwaysworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofme.HowIlookedanddresreallyimportanttome.Iwasalwaysworriedaboutputtingonweight,gettingdarker,wonderingigood-lookingenoughtosocialiseandbeoneofthepeopleIusedtohangoutwith.Itdoesn’tmatconfidentwithmycolour,myweight,andhowIdreIusedtocompetealotevenwhenIMylifeisalreadycomplete;IjusthavetomakesurethatwhateverIdowillbepositive(积极的)andmakemeabetterperson.Iwasa24-year-oldFilipinawithasuccessfulcareer(事业)andhadallostartedtravelling,Iwasnoone.IhavetolearnalotofthinIthoughttheonlyskillsIneededtoimprovewereMicrosoftOfficeanBesidestheskillsI’velearnedvolunteering,Ihavecompletedseveralcertificatmoneytosupportmynewlifestyle.Iamnowayogateacher,anAyurvedaEnglishteacher.Now,withthenewskillsandcertifications,IcanworkwhereverIwA．ToescapefromhertC．Tolookforaninterestinglifes13．Whatdoestheauthorthink高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法【初中动名词考点聚焦】功能：掌握动名词可以作为句子的主语或宾语及固定搭配。【答案】B考查非谓语动词。havetroubledoingsth.2．Wesuggestparents【答案】C考查非谓语动词。suggest后应跟动名词形式，根据“inordertokeepthemawayfromdanger”可知，此处是建3．ChangAnwinshigh【答案】C【详解】句意：《长安三万里》赢得了公众的高度赞扬【答案】A考查非谓语动词。mindone’sdoingsth5．Icouldgetthemeaningby【答案】C考查动名词作介词宾语。by后接动名词形式，表示6．Englishever【答案】C考查非谓语动词。根据“…Englisheverymorningisago7．Weareconsidering【答案】A根据固定搭配“considerdoingsth.（考虑做某事）”可知，此处应该使用动名词形式作【答案】C考查非谓语动词。固定短语“beinterestedindoingsth.”表示“对做某事感兴趣”，其中介词in后【答案】B【答案】C【详解】句意：Cherry最喜欢的图片是那个带领一个老人穿过马路的一个女孩。这里是现在分词做后置定【高中动名词考点聚焦】 =Q课标解读动名词是非谓语动词，它由“动词原形+ing”构成。有的动词-ing形式在句中起名动词-ing形式的时态和语态详见下表（以write为例）：beingwritten =Q考点清单动名词属于非谓语动词，它具有名词和动词的特点，它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。此外，它也有时态和语态的变化，还有复合结构的▇成分的充当√√√√√√√√√√××√√√√考点归纳一、动名词作主语典型用法Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火是很危Toplaywithfireisdangerous.玩火是动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较：Smokingisnotgoodforhealth.（泛1.动名词直接作主语，如：Seeingisbelieving.百闻不如一2.It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于Itisnouse/goodcomplaining。抱怨无济于事。Nosmoking(=Nosmokingisallowed(here)).（禁止2.It’snogood(regret)yourp3.4.InancientChina,thecurrencyconsistedmainlyofprec (carry)alargequantityofcashwasnotonlyaheavyburdenbutasrobberiesquiteoftenhappenedalong【答案与解析】2.regretting。Itisnous3.Beinginjured。首先语境需要动名词短语作主语；beinjuredin…是固定词组。故答案是B4.carrying。句意：在中国古代，货币主要由金、银、铜等贵金属组成，因此携带大量现金不仅是一种沉重的负担，而且还会使所有者处于危险之中，因为途中经常发生抢劫。分析句子结合句意可知，此处缺少主考点归纳二、动名词作宾语典型用法suggest/advise/recommend,risk,devoteoneselfto,resist/tolerate,lookforwardto,deny,escapequit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,quit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,forbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,caforbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,ca如：IpractiselearningEnglihavedifficulty/trouble(in)doThereisnopoint/use(pend/wastetime(in)doing.ThemusiciswellworthlisteniWearebusypreparingforthecoming考点归纳三、动名词作表语典型用法Myhobbyisswimming.=Swimmingismyh考点归纳四、动名词作定语典型用法swimmingpool=apoolforswimming=apoolwhichisusedfreadingroom=aroomforreading=aroomwhichisusedforreading等threshingground打谷场waitingroom候车室【扩展】(1).只能接不定式作宾语的动词：决心努力学习。want,need,refuse,forgetdecide,determine,try,managhope,wish,expect,long,offagreepromise,begin,start,mind介意practise练习putoff推迟resist抵抗YoumusttryyourbesttoavoidmeetinghimiWhenIheardhisvoice,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofmyfather.当我听到他的声音Ienjoyreadingnewspaperswh用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinter2.Sometimesstudentspostpone(do)theirhomew3.Idon'tappreciate4.Asanewdriver,Ihavetopract【答案与解析】Theflowersneedwatering/tobeTheproblemisworthdis用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 (stop)mebutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn’ttur (lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights. (do)housework.Seeingmymo (cry). whohadhelpedinhercareer.5.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways (get)herpermissionforthings,thinkaga【答案与解析】1.tostop。trytodo努力做某事；trydoing尝试做某事。句意：“不有拦住。她说对了。结果这道菜不是我原希望的那个样子Benedict先接受奖项，接着感谢那些帮助过自己的人们，应用go5.getting。meantodo表示“打算做某事”，meandoingsth.表示“意味着”；结合句意“如果你认beafraidof...为……而害怕beashamedof...为……感到羞耻bebusy(in)doingbefondof喜欢begoodat...擅长于……beinterestedin...对……感兴趣beproudof...为……感到骄傲besickof...对……感到恶心betriedof...厌烦……dreamof梦想hearof听说，知道keep...from避免prevent...from避免……setabout...动手去做……stop...from避免……thank...for...为……而感谢……thinkof想到spend...(in)doingsOnhearingthemanager’svoice,heturnedofftheswitchatoncNowtheyarebusy(in)preparing考点归纳五、时态和语态beingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone如：HecametothepartywithoutbHowever,therearepeoplewhodon’tlikebeingtoldwhatwordstheyhavetoTherewasareportofthebridgebeingclimbedbyagroupoftouristsin1998.如：IregretnotfollowinNotusingtherightwordswhenwespeakmayoffendsomepeople.NotclimbingtheSydneyHarbourBridgewouldbealifeMyjobisnotmanagingtheoffice.如：Werememberedhavings2.动名词的完成被动式(havingbeen用动名词的完成式时，强调它表示的动作在位于所表示的动作之前发生，但是和主语之间不再是主动关系，如：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfi考点归纳六、动名词的复合结构带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词(=ThatshecametohelpencouragJane’sbeingcarelesscau(=ThatJanewascarelesscausedsomuchWhat’stroublingthem(=What’stroublingthemisthattheydon’thaveenoe.g.HisnotknowingtheforeignculturemakeshimemHiscomingmakesmeh().Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught【解析】leadto这个词组中to是介词，后面跟名词，于是B被排除，thethief是动名词逻辑上的主语，lookforwardto，lookupto,【答案】beingstruck2．(admit)hismistake【答案】Admitting【详解】句意：他勇于承认自己的错误，这使他赢得了老师和同学们的尊重。空格处作主语，应该用动名3．Shewasscaredof【答案】walking4．Sheadmitted【答案】taking【详解】句意：她承认误拿了我的雨伞。固定搭配5．Thenurseappliedpressur【答案】bleeding【详解】句意：护士按压他的手臂以止血。此处考查固定搭配stopdoingsth.或stop+名词，bleed为动词，6．(tend)toplants【答案】Tending【详解】句意：照料植物是一种锻炼耐心和学习的活动。此处作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作，应用7．Instead,sherecommends“DivisionofResponsibility”,...(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】applying【答案】challenged【详解】句意：因此，他们感受不到在学业上受到挑战的满足感。of为介词，后面接动名词作宾语，they和challenge为被动关系，需用动名词的被动语【答案】playing【详解】句意：现在许多学生投入太多的时间玩电脑游戏。devotesth.todoingsth.为固定搭配，to为介词，空处缺少宾语，play为动词，此处应该改为对应的动名词形式playing。【答案】possessing【详解】句意：他一生致力于获取知识而非物质财富。devote...to...中to是介词，其后接动名词possessing11．(maintain)a【答案】Maintaining【答案】contrasting13．Upon【答案】hearing【答案】beinginvited【详解】句意：这位学者一受邀参加会议，便精心准备了一份详尽的报告。ondoingsth.“一……”是固定搭配，动名词作宾语，且逻辑主语thescholar和invite是被动关系，故应用15．Hedevotesmostofhissparetimeto【答案】learning【详解】句意：他把大部分业余时间都用来学习中国传统绘画。devote...to...为固定搭配，意为“把……奉献16．Mostteenagersenjoy【答案】sharing【详解】句意：大多数青少年喜欢在社交媒体平台上和朋友们分享他们的日常生活。enjoydoingsth.是固定17．Afterhoursofdiscussion,thete【答案】solving【详解】句意：经过几个小时的讨论，团队终于成功解决了这个难题。“succeedi18．Youshouldavoid(【答案】damaging【详解】句意：在对房屋进行装修时，您应避免损坏管道系统。短语avoiddoin19．It’sawasteoftime(argue【答案】arguing20．Wealllookforwardto【答案】observing“期待做某事”，要将observe变成observing。21．(听音乐)befor【答案】Listeningtomusic语listentomusic；分析句【答案】Watchingmovies语watchmovies，此处短语在句中作主语，此处描述经常性动作，所以需使用动名词短语watchingmovies，【答案】keepingcommunication【答案】Hiscoming/Thathecame容词性物主代词His；表示“到来”用动词come；表示“他的到来”可用固定短语Hiscoming（动25．By(积【答案】beingpositiveabout26．Itisnouse(抱怨)theexamresult【答案】complainingabout【详解】句意：抱怨考试结果是没有用的，重要的是你如何为下一次考试做准备。根据汉语提示可知，空27．Inordertokeephealthy,I’mthinkingof【答案】signingupfor【答案】beinginterpretedas固定短语，设空处应用动名词；“被理解为”表动关系，需用动名词的被动式形式作宾语。故填beinginter29．Thestudentsarewillingto【答案】joinusinorganizing【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：学生们愿意和我们一起组织这次活动。“加入某人做某事”用动词短语joinsb.indoingsth.，“我们”用代词us，“组织”用动词organize，表示“愿意做某事”，join应用原形。故填joinusinorganizing。【答案】Doingexerciseeveryday【详解】考查动名词短语。句意：每天进行锻炼对我们的健康有益。根据汉语提示可知，此处为动名词短语Doingexerciseeveryday“每天锻炼”作主语。故填Doingex三、语篇填空（动名词专练）1(develop)goodlearninghab(waste)studytimeon(encourage)mewhenIfallb【导读】本文围绕一名高一学生的学习与课余生活展开，全面考查动名词作主语、表语、动词宾语、介词首作句子主语，泛指“养成好习惯”这件事，动词原形不能充当主语，因此dev2.reading原句译文：我喜欢每天早晨阅事enjoy后只能接动名词作宾语，故填3.taking原句译文：我习惯在课堂上做好详尽的笔记。解析：beusedtodoingsth.表示短语中to是介词，介词后需用动名词，take做某事worth后接动名词，主动形式表被动含义，填5.staying原句译文：我避免熬夜虚度空闲时间），6.running原句译文：我最大的爱好是放学后跑步。解析：动名词doingsth.（无法忍受做某事），stand此处表“忍受”，后接动名词作宾语8.joining原句译文：我期盼不久后加入学校英语社团。解析：lookforwardtodoingsth.（期待做某事词组里to为介词，后面搭配动名词，joinsb.fordoingsth.（因做某事感谢某人故填en持、持续做某事keep后接动名词作宾语， (quality)formthebasisofafriendship.projectandhisschoolwork,andIcanseethatmakes.Ishouldalsoencouragehim5struggling6takeupsomeofmysp