《物流专业英语》32《物流专业英语》Unit32Citylogistics第三版新编

授课日期_______年___月___日授课教师授课专业/班级______专业______班级讲授单元Unit32单元讲授时长二学时讲授内容物流术语、课文、课堂练习教学任务：掌握本单元的物流专业术语掌握本单元的核心概念熟悉本单元的常用物流英语表达法熟悉本单元的物流流程第一部分Section1本单元核心术语CoretermsCityLogistics城市物流stakeholder利益相关者，利益集团energyconservation能源节约，能量守恒sustainability可持续性第二部分Section2本单元核心概念CoreconceptsWhatisCityLogistics?什么是城市物流？CityLogisticsistheprocessfortotallyoptimizingthelogisticsandtransportactivitiesbyprivatecompanieswiththesupportofadvancedinformationsystemsinurbanareasconsideringthetrafficenvironment,itscongestion,safetyandenergysavingswithintheframeworkofamarketeconomy.城市物流是由私立公司在城区先进信息系统的支持下来完全优化物流及运输活动的过程，同时需要在市场经济的框架内考虑到交通环境、阻塞、安全及能源节约。课堂教学之——Step1

单词领读由教师当堂领读生词纠正学生的发音领读完之后给学生留出5分钟的时间来温习单词。课堂教学之——Step2

重点内容掌握核心术语学习时间5分钟课堂教学之——Step3

难点学习理解并背诵核心概念学习时间5分钟课堂教学之——Step4

课文学习理解课文的意思对难句进行语法和结构讲解学习时间30分钟课文学习提示：教师在讲解课文时，除对课文进行翻译之外，还要顺带讲解一下难句的语法结构。WhatisCityLogistics?什么是城市物流？CityLogisticsistheprocessfortotallyoptimizingthelogisticsandtransportactivitiesbyprivatecompanieswiththesupportofadvancedinformationsystemsinurbanareasconsideringthetrafficenvironment,itscongestion,safetyandenergysavingswithintheframeworkofamarketeconomy.城市物流是由私立公司在城区先进信息系统的支持下来完全优化物流及运输活动的过程，同时需要在市场经济的框架内考虑到交通环境、阻塞、安全及能源节约。Citiesarethemainlocationsofbusinessactivities.Hencetheyplayanimportantroleineconomicdevelopment.Howevergiventhehighconcentrateddevelopmentinurbanareas,manycitieshaveserioustrafficproblemsandnegativeenvironmentalimpacts,suchasnoiseandairpollution.Thisisthecostinbothdevelopinganddevelopedcountries.城市是商业活动的主要地点。因此，它们在经济发展中起着重要作用。然而考虑到城区的集中化发展，许多城市产生了严重的交通问题和负面环境影响,如噪声和空气污染。这是发展中国家和发达国家共同面临的成本。Thesenegativefactorsreducetheeconomiccompetitivenessofacityandmakeitslifequalitydecline.Theresidentsbecomethevictimsinthehighlydevelopedcities.Thewaytosolveandbalancetheconditionbecameademandingissueintherecentyears.这些负面因素降低了城市的竞争力并使生活质量下降。居民成了高度发达城市的牺牲品。解决并平衡这种情况的方法成了近年来的一个棘手的问题。WhatarethekeystakeholdersinCityLogistics?城市物流有哪些关键利益团体？CityLogisticsisanewandinnovativeconceptwhichaimstosolvethiscomplexproblem.Urbanfreightlogisticscanbebrokendowninmanyelements,suchasstorage,transportandhandling.城市物流是一个旨在解决复杂问题的新的创新性概念。城区货运物流可以被细分为许多要素，如储存、运输及搬运。Conventionalimprovementofthelogisticsprocessisusuallyonlyfocusedonsingleelement.However,fromamacro-viewpoint,theimprovementcanhelpbringthebestprofittothesociety.物流过程的传统型改进方法通常仅把重心放在单一要素上。然而，从宏观视角来看，物流改进能够有助于给社会带来最佳效益。Forinstance,airfreightmightbemoreexpensivethanlandtransportbutthestoragecostmightbeless.Thusintermsoftotalcost,airfreightmightbethemostreasonabletransportmodeforaparticulartransportpurpose,forexample,transportoffreshseafood.譬如，货物空运会比地面运输更昂贵，但是储存成本较低。因此，就总成本而言，对于特定的运输目的而言，货物空运可能是最合理的模式，如海鲜运输。BeforeplanningaCityLogisticssystem,itisimportanttounderstanditselements.Generallyspeaking,therearefourkeystakeholdersinvolvedinurbanfreighttransport:在规划城市物流系统前，理解其诸种要素是重要的。一般而言，参与城区货物运输的关键利益集团有四个方面：shippersfreightcarriersresidents;andadministrators/governments.货主货物承运人居民；和管理者/政府Eachgrouphasitsownspecificobjectivesandtendstobehaveinadifferentmanner,whichneedstobeconsidered.TheinterlacedrelationshipsamongthosegroupsanddifferentconflictswithinthesystemareshowninFigure1.每个集团都有其自身的目标，并倾向于以不同的方式来行动，这一点需要加以考虑。图1展示了这些团体相互交织的关系以及该系统内的不同冲突。Basically,theoriginationofthejourneyisfromshippersandtotheconsumers.Freightcarriersandadministratorsarethemediaofthedeliverytasks.Thecharacteristicoftheirrelationshipsisthataslightmoveinonepartmayaffectthewholesituation.基本上讲，物流行程的起源是从货主然后到消费者。货物承运人和管理者是交付任务的媒介。它们关系的特征是一个部分的轻微变动会影响整个情形。Forinstance,afreightcarrierwithlowerefficiencywouldimpactontheservicequalityofthesystemandhenceincreasethedifficultiesofmanagementforadministrators.Besides,itwouldalsoreducethesatisfactionlevelofconsumersandthereliabilityoffirmsandincreasetheoperationcost.例如，效率较低的货物承运人会影响该系统的服务质量，并因此增加管理者的管理难度。此外，这还会降低客户满意度和公司的可靠度，并增加运营成本。WhatarethethreetargetsofCityLogistics?城市物流的三个指标是什么？ExpertsconsiderthattherearethreenecessarytargetsthatcouldbeachievedbyapplyingCityLogistics:专家们认为通过应用城市物流，可以取得三个必要的指标：mobilitysustainability;andliveability.机动性可持续性；和宜居性Mobilityiseaseofmovement,whichisthebasicrequirementfortransportofcommoditiesinurbanareas.GoodsaresupposedtobedeliveredJust-In-Time.Therefore,thebalancebetweensufficientroadnetworkcapacityandreducedtrafficcongestionisamainissue.机动性是指流转的便利程度，这是在城区运输商品的基本要求。商品应当按准时制来交付。因此，在充足的道路网络容量和减少交通堵塞之间的平衡关系是一个主要议题。Concerningsustainability,whichismoreandmoreimportant,environmentalissuesandenergyconservationwouldneedtobetakenintoaccount.谈到可持续性，这一点正变得愈来愈重要，环境和能源节约也需要加以考虑。Liveabilityshouldbethoughtoffortheresidents.Itinvolvesanassessmentoftheconditionsthatareexperiencedandinterpretedwithinanindividual’slifearea,suchassafety,peacefulness,attractivenessandcharm.宜居性是针对居民而言的。这一点涉及到对个人生活区域内所经历和所解释的状况进行评估，如安全、宁静、吸引力及魅力等指标。以上内容为第一学时内所应完成的内容课堂教学之——Step5

阅读材料提示：这部分内容由教师指导，学生自学。以提高学生的自主学能力。Health,safetyandenvironmentissues健康、安全和环境问题HealthandsafetyatworkLogisticsmanagersneedtofosteraproactiveapproachtowardsbuildingahealthandsafetyculturewithintheorganization.工作中的卫生与安全对于在公司内部建立起健康及安全的文化，物流经理需要采取前瞻性的策略。Companiesareencouragedtobeproactiveintheirapproachtoaccidentsandunsafepractices.Thismeansthattheremustbesystemsforplanningandmonitoringoperationswithregardtohealthandsafetyofstaffatwork.公司应当积极地提前采取措施来应对事故和不安全的做法，这就意味着，就职员在工作时的健康和安全事项而言，必须有一套制度对运营进行规划和监督。RiskmanagementRiskassessmentrequirestheemployertoensurethatassessmentsareundertaken,thefindingscommunicatedtotheemployeesandproperactionstakentorectifytheriskfactors.风险管理风险管理要求雇主们确保评估工作得以进行、所发现的问题能传达给雇员们，并且采取适当的行动来矫正风险因素。Risksmayinclude:Slips,tripsandfallsPedestrianandvehiclemovementObjectsfallingFirePowerfailureEating,drinkingorsmokingintheworkplace

风险可能包括：滑倒，绊倒和堕落行人和车辆的流动物体坠落失火停电在工作场所吃喝或抽烟HandlingofloadsHandlingofloadsappliestobothmechanicalandmanualhandling.Thelogisticsmanagermustmakesurethatallstaffhavereceivedadequatetrainingonthecorrectliftingandcarryingtechniques.货物搬运货物搬运适用于机械及手工搬运，物流经理必须确保所有员工均接受过正确吊装及搬运技巧方面的适当培训。HazardousgoodsThelogisticsmanagermustassesstheriskstoemployeesworkingwithhazardoussubstances.Thisinvolvesassessmentoftheriskofexposuretochemicalhazardsandmeasurestominimizesuchexposure.危险品物流经理必须对雇员在工作中接触危险物质的风险进行评估。这就需要评估接触化学有害物质的风险并把这类接触最小化的措施Managersmustinformtheemployeesofrisksthatexistintheworkplace,providetraininginsafetyproceduresandmonitortheworkingenvironment.Optionstoreducerisksincluderemovingemployeesfromexposuresiteorcontractingouttheprocesstoaspecialistcompany.经理们必须把工作场所中存在的风险通知雇员，提供安全程序方面的培训并对工作环境进行监督，降低风险的可选方案包括把雇员从危险品接触工地撤离或把该项工序外包给一家专业公司。WastemanagementDuringmanufacture,storageandtransportationofanyproduct,anumberofwastematerialswillbegenerated.废物管理在产品的生产、仓储和运输过程中，会产生一些废物。Allindustrialorcommercialwaste,whetherornothazardous,needstoberemoved,andthereshouldbeauthorizedpersonsforwasteremoval.Logisticsmanagerswillinevitablyassumetheresponsibilityforsafehandling,storing,recycling,disposalandtransportofsuchwaste,andfortakingreasonablestepstopreventtheescapeofwaste.所有工业或商业废物，不论其是否危险品，均需要清除，并且要由授权人员来处理废物，物流经理们不可避免地要承担起此类废物的安全搬运、储存、回收、处理和运输工作的责任，并且要负责采取合理步骤，以防废物泄露。EnvironmentalmanagementsystemsLogisticsmanagersarenowrequiredtoconsiderenvironmentalissues.Themainissueswhichmayaffectwarehousing,distributionandtransportoperationsareasfollows:环境管理系统现在要求物流经理们考虑环境问题，下面是可能影响仓库管理、配送和运输作业的主要问题：NoiseVibrationExhaustemissionWastemanagement噪音振动尾气排放废物管理Ifasiteisneararesidentialarea,theapproachroadsandhoursofoperationmaybeasignificantfactorinplanningthedistributionoperation.Noisesfromvehiclesleavingthedepot,orfromlargevehiclesclogginguplocalroads,mayleadtocomplaints.Similarlythereareregulationsconcerningvehiclenoiseandexhaustgases.如果一个工地靠近住宅区，通行道路和作业时间对于配送作业的规划来说可能是一个重要因素，车辆驶离仓库的噪音、或是大型车辆堵塞当地道路的噪音可能会引起投诉，同样也有一些关于车辆噪音和尾气方面的管制条例。Environmentalmanagementissuchacomplexsystemthatitcannotbefullycoveredbyashorttext.Nevertheless,thelogisticsmanagermustbemindfulofthepossibilitythatenvironmentalissueswillhaveanimpactonthebusinessoperations.环境管理是一个相当复杂的系统，不可能在短小的课文中完全涵盖，尽管如此，物流经理们还是必须注意环境问题会对业务运作产生影响的可能性。课堂教学之——Step6

课堂练习提示：这部分内容由教师指导，学生自学。以提高学生的自主学能力。

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

WhatisCityLogistics?CityLogisticsistheprocessfortotallyoptimizingthelogisticsandtransportactivitiesbyprivatecompanieswiththesupportofadvancedinformationsystemsinurbanareasconsideringthetrafficenvironment,itscongestion,safetyandenergysavingswithintheframeworkofamarketeconomy.WhatarethekeystakeholdersinCityLogistics?Generallyspeaking,therearefourkeystakeholdersinvolvedinurbanfreighttransport:shippers,freightcarriers,residentsandadministrators/governments.

WhatarethethreetargetsofCityLogistics?ExpertsconsiderthattherearethreenecessarytargetsthatcouldbeachievedbyapplyingCityLogistics:mobility,sustainabilityandliveability.

WhatismobilityinCityLogistics?Mobilityiseaseofmovement,whichisthebasicrequirementfortransportofcommoditiesinurbanareas.GoodsaresupposedtobedeliveredJust-In-Time.Therefore,thebalancebetweensufficientroadnetworkcapacityandreducedtrafficcongestionisamainissue.

WhatissustainabilityinCityLogistics?Concerningsustainability,whichismoreandmoreimportant,environmentalissuesandenergyconservationwouldneedtobetakenintoaccount.

WhatisliveabilityinCityLogistics?Liveabilityshouldbethoughtoffortheresidents.Itinvolvesanassessmentoftheconditionsthatareexperiencedandinterpretedwithinanindividual’slifearea,suchassafety,peacefulness,attractivenessandcharm.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:optimizethelogisticsactivities优化物流活动urbanareas城区energysavings能源节约withintheframeworkofamarketeconomy在市场经济的框架内environmentalimpacts环境影响noi