《物流专业英语》-01-试卷-模拟试题-2-物流专业英语3

1/11姓名 学号姓名 学号 班级 座位号 《物流专业英语》模拟试卷（二）考试说明。1考试说明。1、本试卷为闭卷考试2、试卷中所有试题的答案均写在答题纸上3、总分：100分，考试时间：120分钟第一页，共X页题号一二三四五六七八总分阅卷人签字分数术语翻译（本大题共30个小题，每小题0.5分，共15分）（一）英译汉部分retailoutlet零售网点productionanddistribution生产及配送rawmaterials原材料semi-finishedgoods半成品finishedgoods成品physicaldistribution实物配送recycling回收（二）汉译英部分线路预测routeforecasts安全储备securityreserves临时储存temporarystorage再加工reprocessing散货流转bulkmovements,多点流转multi-dropmovement零担载货partloads多种零担载货multi-partloads.完成下列句子（本大题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分）Transportisoftenplace-orientedwhiledistributionis_______________________（面向客户的）.(customer-oriented)Inpractice,thelogisticsdistributionmodevarieswithoperator,_______________________（产品的性质）,location,andotherfactors.(natureofproduct)EventhesameDCmaysimultaneouslyadopt_______________________（若干有区别的配送模式）asperthespecificsituations.(anumberofdifferentiateddistributionmodes)Theterm‘movement’referstothe_______________________（规划、监督和控制）ofthemovementofgoodsandpeople.(planning,monitoringandcontrolling)Suchmovementsexistthroughallthestagesofthejourney_______________________（在起点和最终目的地之间）,includinganyinterchange,documentationprocessing,temporaryaccommodationandtheprocurementofthemeansoftransport.(betweenoriginandultimatedestination)Thiswillsavetimeandmoney,maketheoperationmoreprofitable,andhelp_______________________（最小化任何潜在的有害影响）ontheenvironment.(minimizeanypotentiallyharmfuleffects)_______________________（集中控制）meansthatsufficientinformationisavailablefortherightdecisionstobemadepromptlyandtheresourcesareavailableforcarryingoutthedecisions.(Centralizedcontrol)Inordertodothis,theoperatorhastokeeptrafficmovingwithoutunnecessarychecksand_______________________（避免堵塞）atbottlenecks,transferpointsandterminals.(avoidcongestion)Failuretomaintainanevenflowwillresultin_______________________（延长行车时间）andturn-roundandinefficientuseoftransportresources.(extendedjourneytimes)Maximumutilizationisachievedbyaseriesoftechniques:suchasloadingaunitoftransport_______________________（达到其最大允许容量）.(toitsmaximumpermissiblecapacity)Allofthismustbeconsistentwiththerequirementsofsafety,adequatecrewrest,_______________________（遵守速度和载货规定）andfuelefficiency.(compliancewithspeedandloadregulationsThisunitdealswiththreesuchcategories:bulkmovements,_______________________（多点式运输）andmulti-partloads.(multi-dropmovement)Typicallybulkmovementsareof_______________________（低价值商品）whichcanbemovedatlowcost,usuallywithnogreaturgency.(low-valuecommodities)Theexceptionsincluderoaddeliveryof_______________________（专业燃油）andrawmaterials,forexampleheatingoilsandfoodingredients.(specialistfuels)Suchbulkcommoditiescanbedangerousgoods,andthereforerequire_______________________（搬运方面的专门技术）.(expertiseinhandling)用动词的适当形式填空（本大题共10个小题，每小题1分，共10分）Aswithrailandairtransport,largesumsofmoneyhaveto__________(spend)onmaintenanceandcontroloftrafficthroughtheseaway.(bespent)Thesecostshaveto__________(add)totheoperator’sownhighcosts.(beadded)Seatransport__________(outdo)otherformsoftransportintermsofsafetyandcost-efficiency.(outdoes)Smallernon-urgentgoodscan__________(put)intocontainersforshippinginbulk.(beput)Costingistheprocessof__________(analyze)thecostsandbenefitsofdifferentoptions.(analyzing)Costingisoften__________(refer)toas‘cost-benefitanalysis(CBA)’.(referred)Theprimepurposeofcostingistoshowthetotalcostoftheservice__________(render),andtoanalyzethecompositionofthatcost.(rendered)Themanagerswanttoknowhowmuchitcoststo__________(transport)asinglepassengeronthebasisofpermileoftravel.(transport)Indirectcostsarecosts__________(incur)incurredwhenrunningabusiness,ieadvertising,telephones,officestaffsalaries,heatandlight,insuranceonproducts,etc.(incurred)Fixedcostsmay__________(notaffect)bymileageorvehicleactivity.(notbeaffected)概念解释（本大题共10个小题，每小题2分，共20分）WhatisVMI?VMI(VendorManagedInventory)isameansofoptimizingSupplyChainperformanceinwhichthemanufacturerisresponsibleformaintainingthedistributor’sinventorylevels.Themanufacturerhasaccesstothedistributor’sinventorydataandisresponsibleforgeneratingpurchaseorders.Whatisbondedlogistics?Bondedlogisticsreferstoarangeofspecialoperationsoftenconductedinawarehouseorothersecuredareainwhichdutiablegoodsmaybestored,manipulated,orundergomanufacturingoperationswithoutpaymentofduty.Itmaybemanagedbythestateorbyprivateenterprise.WhatisJIT?JustinTimeorJITmethodcreatesthemovementofmaterialintoaspecificlocationattherequiredtime,i.e.justbeforethematerialisneededinthemanufacturingprocess.Whatisgreenlogistics?GreenLogisticsisasupplychainmanagementstrategythatreducestheenvironmentalandenergyfootprintoffreightdistribution.Itfocusesonmaterialhandling,wastemanagement,packagingandtransport.Whatisa4PLProvider?什么是4PL?FourthPartyLogistics,or4PL,isthesharedsourcinginsupplychainspanningactivitywithaclientandselectteamingpartner,underthedirectionofa4PLintegrator.WhatisIntegratedlogisticssupport?Integratedlogisticssupport(ILS)isanintegratedanditerativeprocessfordevelopingmaterialandasupportstrategythatoptimizesfunctionalsupport,leveragesexistingresources,andguidesthesystemengineeringprocesstolowerlifecyclecostanddecreasethelogisticsfootprint(demandforlogistics),makingthesystemeasiertosupport.WhatisCityLogistics?CityLogisticsistheprocessfortotallyoptimizingthelogisticsandtransportactivitiesbyprivatecompanieswiththesupportofadvancedinformationsystemsinurbanareasconsideringthetrafficenvironment,itscongestion,safetyandenergysavingswithintheframeworkofamarketeconomy.WhatisICT?ICT,shortfor‘informationandcommunicationtechnology’,istheuseofelectronicprocessingmediaforthecollection,analysisandevaluationofdata,andthetransferofinformationfromonepointtoanother.WhatisEDI?什么是EDI？ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI)referstothestructuredtransmissionofdatabetweenorganizationsbyelectronicmeans.Itisusedtotransferelectronicdocumentsfromonecomputersystemtoanother,i.e.fromonetradingpartnertoanothertradingpartner.ItismorethanmereE-mail;forinstance,organizationsmightreplacebillsofladingandevencheckswithappropriateEDImessages.Whatise-business?E-business,ore-commerce,referstotheprocessingofbusinesstransactionsviaelectronicmeansandwithdigitalizeddata.Thisdatacanbetexts,images,sound,videoorthecombinationthereof,whicharetransmittedovereitheropennetworksliketheWorldWideWeb,oroverclosednetworksliketheIntranetandExtranet.英译汉（本大题共5个小题，每小题2分，共10分）Supplychainmanagementhasseenalargeshiftinrecentyearsfromtheuseofin-houselogisticsoperationstotheuseofthirdpartylogisticsproviders.供应链管理近年来见证了从使用内部物流作业到使用第三方物流提供商的巨大转变。However,asglobalsupplychainshavedevelopedandsupplychainshavebecomemorecomplex,afurtheroptionforcompanieshasbeentheabilitytomakeuseoffourthpartylogisticsproviders(4PL).但是随着全球供应链的发展及其变得更复杂，公司的另一个可选方案就是利用第四方物流（4PL）的能力。Inessence,theFourthPartyLogisticsproviderisasupplychainintegratorthatassemblesandmanagestheresources,capabilities,andtechnologyofitsownorganizationwiththoseofcomplementaryserviceproviderstodeliveracomprehensivesupplychainsolution.本质上讲，第四方物流供应商是一个供应链的集成商，它对公司内部和具有互补性的服务供应商所拥有的不同资源、能力和技术能进行整合和管理，并提供一整套供应链解决方案。Wemaywellsaythat4PLisanarrangementinwhichafirmcontractsout(outsources)itslogisticsoperationstotwoormorespecialistfirm(thirdpartylogistics)andthenhiresanotherspecialistfirm(thefourthparty)tocoordinatetheactivitiesofthethirdparties.我们完全可以说4PL是这样一种安排：公司把其物流作业发包（外包）给两个以上的专业化公司（第三方物流），然后再雇佣另一家专业化公司（第四方）来协调这些第三方公司的活动。Wherethethirdpartylogisticsprovider(3PL)specializesintheoperationalelementofsupplychainmanagement,thefourthpartylogisticsprovideractseffectivelyasasupplychainconsultingcompany.当第三方物流（3PL）提供商专注于供应链的操作要素时，第四方物流提供商则充当一个高效的供应链咨询公司。汉译英（本大题共5个小题，每小题3分，共15分）它旨在形成并建立起在系统寿命内来完成、恢复并维护其作业能力的要求及任务。Itisconductedtoevolveandestablishrequirementsandtasksforachieving,restoring,andmaintainingtheoperationalcapabilityforthelifeofthesystem.维持活动主要依靠维修分析水平（LORA）作为系统采购过程的一项功能。MaintenanceplanningreliesonLevelofRepairAnalysis(LORA)asafunctionofthesystemacquisitionprocess.支持性及测试性设备包括按要求来从事支持性功能的所有设备，移动的及固定的，作为系统本身不可分割的一部分的那类设备除外。Supportandtestequipmentincludesallequipment,mobileandfixed,thatisrequiredtoperformthesupportfunctions,exceptthatequipmentwhichisanintegralpartofthesystem.特殊检验设备以及库房维护设备包括用来装配、拆卸、测试、维护最终物品和部件、并对其进行支持性生产维修和库房维修的所有设备及工具。Specialinspectionequipmentanddepotmaintenanceequipmentincludesallequipmentandtoolsrequiredtoassemble,disassemble,test,maintain,andsupporttheproductionand/ordepotrepairofenditemsorcomponents.人力与人员是指识别并获得具有某些技能和级别的人员，他们需按要求在系统的生命周期内对其进行操作与维护。Manpowerandpersonnelinvolvesidentificationandacquisitionofpersonnelwithskillsandgradesrequiredtooperateandmaintainasystemoveritslifetime.物流作业程序描述（本大题共1个小题，每小题5分，共5分）Whatarethemainaspectswhichareinvolvedinreverselogistics?Reverselogisticsmainlyinvolvethefollowingfiveaspects:handlingofreturneditems,reuse,resale,recycle,andrefusedisposal.物流作业图形识别（本大题共1个小题，每小题10分，共10分）MarktheChineseequivalentofthetermsinthefollowingdiagram.Agreenlogisticssolutionchart第第10页，共10页备用部分:e-basedvendorquotationsysteminfinitelyopennodesoflogistics电子商务供应商报价系统无限开放物流节点动态调配能力个性化灵活性物流状况社会化全球化信息流商流金流dynamicschedulingcapacityindividualityflexibilitythestatusoflogisticsocializationglobalizationinformationflowbusinessflowfinanceflow组织货源sourcegoods末端递送服务干线运输末端运输在运营商的范围内以地点为导向的以客户为导向的配送能力配送驱动型服务永久性结构货物库房基础设施客流在高峰期前者和后者缺乏所需的运能具有速度方面的优势高效和平稳的办理…收回成本permanentstructuregoodsdepotinfrastructurepassengerflowatpeakhourstheformerandthelattertolackthecapacityneededtohavetheadvantageofspeedefficientandsecurehandlingoftorecoverthecostdepartingpassengersarrivingpassengerstime-sensitivetrafficairporttaxThebulkfreightbusinessformanycommoditiesiseasyandcheaptoenter,andsoishighlycompetitive,especiallyoncost.Aparticularproblemwithtransportisthatitcannotbestored;itis‘instantlyperishable’ornon-storable.Letthevehicledepartwithemptyseats(excesscapacity),whichmeanslossofincomefromunsoldseatsTheoperatorofacontainervesselcannotcancelitspassagesimplybecauseitdoesnothaveafullcargoload.Intransportfixedcostsareoftenreferredtoas‘standingcosts’,whichexistwhetherthevehiclesmoveornot,eghouserentandinsurance.Asthenamesuggests,productionmaterialcontrolisconcernedwithmaterialsusedinproducingtheproducts.Thecostofsuchmaterialsisalargeitemintheaccountsofmanufacturingcompanies.Itwouldbedifficultforabusinesstomakeprofitsifcarefulcontrolisnotexercisedatallstages.Thisinvolvesthecontrolofmaterialsflowthroughthesystematicplanningandcontrolofallmaterials.Productionplanningisadirectoutputofthebusinessplanningprocess.Itinvolvestheplanningofalltheresourcesandoperationsrequiredforsuccessfulproduction.Thisincludestherequirementsforpartsandmaterials;foreachitemrequired,decisionsarenecessaryastosizeoftherequirement,thetimetoplacetheorderandthequantity.Manpowerrequirementsaredevelopedandpersonnelassignmentsaremadetomeetsupportdemandsthroughoutthelifecycleofthesystem.人力与人员需开发出人力要求并制订出人员分配计划，以便能在系统的生命周期内达到支持性需求。Thiselementincludesresourcesandprocedurestoensurethatallequipmentandsupportitemsarepreserved,packaged,packed,marked,handled,transported,andstoredproperlyforshortandlong-termrequirements.包装、搬运、储存及运输（PHS&T）这个要素包括资源和程序，用来确保所有设备及支持项目得以恰当地按短期及长期要求来保存、包装、打包、标记、搬运、运输并储存。Citiesarethemainlocationsofbusinessactivities.Hencetheyplayanimportantroleineconomicdevelopment.Howevergiventhehighconcentrateddevelopmentinurbanareas,manycitieshaveserioustrafficproblemsandnegativeenvironmentalimpacts,suchasnoiseandairpollution.Thisisthecostinbothdevelopinganddevelopedcountries.城市是商业活动的主要地点。因此，它们在经济发展中起着重要作用。然而考虑到城区的集中化发展，许多城市产生了严重的交通问题和负面环境影响,如噪声和空气污染。这是发展中国家和发达国家共同面临的成本。Thesenegativefactorsreducetheeconomiccompetitiveness