高中英语选择性必修三第四单元知识点清单

高中英语选择性必修三第四单元知识点清单

匚哼汇派生Q

1.endurevt.忍耐；忍受；持续；持久fendurancen.忍耐力；耐久力

-*enduringadj.持久的；耐久的

2.qualifyvt.取得资格（或学历）;合格;使合格;使具备资格-qualified〃的.

符合资格；具名的知识（或技能、学历等）一qualification〃.资格；资历；资

格证

3.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的fenthusiasm〃.热情；热心

4.assignvt.分派；布置;分配fassignmen".工作；任务；布置；分派

5.abandon”舍弃；抛弃；放弃一abandonedc到’.被抛弃的；被遗弃的

6.persevere式.坚持；孜孜以求fperseverancen.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的

精神

7.resolve5.&”决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）〃.决心；坚定的信念

resolutionn.决议；解决；坚定

8.cruel6/4/.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的fcruelty残酷；残忍

9.furnish布置家具ffurnished皿/.配备好家具的ffurniture家具

10.applyv.（通常以竹面形式）申请，请求；使用；应用；涂；敷；施fapplication

n.申请；请求；应用■*叩plicant”.申请者

applicationn.申请；请求；申请书；申请表；（尤指理论、发现等的）应用,

运用；涂抹；敷用；施用

①Hisapplicationtothecourtforbail（保释金）hasbeenrefused.申请

②Theinventionwouldhaveawiderangeofapplicationsinindustry.应用

@Ittookthreeapplicationsofpainttocoverthegraffiti.涂抹

WordsandPhrases

知识要点1

[教材原句P38]However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,Shackleton

turnedmedownbecausehethought1wastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.

然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，

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不合格。

（l）turnsb.down拒绝（某人）

［例1］Iamafraidourbosswillturnmedown.

我害怕我老板会拒绝我。

［例2］Hehasbeenturneddownfortenjobssofar.

到目前为止他申请的十份工作都遭到了拒绝。

［造句］你认为我应该拒绝他的报价吗？

DoyouthinkIshoulddownhisoffer?

［知识拓展］

turndown调小

turnup出现；到场；开大；调图昔量

turnaround/round转身

turnout证明是；结果是

turnto转向：求助于；查阅

turnover翻转；移交

turnon/off打开/关闭（开关）

turnin上交

turninto变成

［即学即练］单句语法填空

@Ithankedhimfortheofferbutturneditdown.

②Itturnedaitthatshewasafriendofmysister.

③Hewouldturnupatmeetings.

［小片段填空］用turn短语填空

Thepartywasalmostover,butJanestilldidn'tturnupTomwasvery

disappointed.Hedidn'tknowwhyJanedidn'ttumdownhisinvitationifshedidn't

wanttocome.Hetmed〉corthebottlesonthetables,andtherestguestsleftthehall

inshock.

(2)qualified<.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)

［例1］Thegovernmenthasgivenqualifiedsupporttotheidea.

［例2］Demandhasfaroutstrippedsupplyofqualifiedteachers.

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［造句］这位女士最适合做这项工作。

Theladyisideallyqualifiedforthejch

［知识拓展I

(l)qualifyv.使具备资格

(2)bequalifiedtodosth.有资格做某事

bequalifiedfor具备……资格的；适合担任……的

(3)qualificalionn.资格；资历

［即学即练1单句语法填空

①Hehasnoqualificationfqualify)forthisjob.

②Heknewhewasnotqualified(qualify)tobeateacher.

(3)1don'tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon'tfeelqualifiedtocoinment(comment).

［小片段助记］

Hegothisqualificationaftergraduation.Nowheisqualifiedforalawyer.That

istosayheisqualifiedtodefendtheclient.

知识要点2abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃

［教材原句P,38］Beforeweabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledus

together...

［例1］Thebabyhadbeenabandonedbyitsmother.

［例2］Snowforcedmanydriverstoabandontheirvehicles.

［造句］他们不得不舍弃土地，让侵略军占领。

Theyhadfcahnndentheirlandstciheinvadingfcrcer.

［知识拓展］

abandonedadj.废弃的；被遗弃的；放任的

abandononeselfto(doing)slh.

纵情/沉溺于(做)某事

abandondoingsth.放弃做某事

withabandon放任地；放纵地：纵情地

［即学即练］单句语法填空

©Rescuershadiihandoned/abandon)allthehopeoffindinganymoresurvivors.

②I'mconsideringabandoningsmokingtsmoke)soon.

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③Atthesadnews,heabandonedhimself(he)todespair.

［小片段助记］

Thirtyyearsago,Mrs.Whitepickedupanabandonedbabyinahospital.Asthe

boygrewup,heabandonedhimselftocomputergames.What'sworse,hetookup

drugsandspentallthemoney.InordernottosupportMrs.Whitewhowastoooldto

earnmoney,heevenabandonedtheoldlady.

知识要点3belongingsn.财物；动产

［教材原句Pas］Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongiiigs>

andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.

［例1］Shepackedherfewbelongingsinabagandleft.

［例2］她在那场火灾中失去了所有财产。

Shelostallherbelongingsinthefire.

［造句］她的许多私人财物都被偷走了。

Manyofherpersonalbelonging*hadbeenstolen.

［知识拓展］

(l)belongingn.归属

asenseofbelonging归属感

(2)belongtosb.属于某人，归某人所有

belongtosth.是（俱乐部、组织等）的成员,

是（某族类或纲目）的一部分

［即学即练］单句语法填空

①Asparentswehavearesponsibilitytogiveourchildrenasenseof

bclonging(belong).

②TheybelongedLQayoungergeneration.

知识要点4holdon稍等；挺住；坚持住；(打电话)别挂断

［教材原句P39］Holdonnow,Perce.

［例1］Canyouholdon?I'llseeifhe'shere.

［例2］Janeisdeterminedtoholdontoherfortune.

I造句］等一会儿，我得化妆一下。

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Holdonforaminute,I'vejustgottoputonmymake-up.

［知识拓展］

holdup支撑起；承受住；延迟，阻碍；抢劫

holdonto抓紧；不放开；保留；坚持

holdback阻挡；阻拦；隐瞒；控制

holddown压制；限制

holdout(在困境中)坚持；伸出；提供；

维持：忍耐

［即学即练］单句语法填空

©Thechairistooweaktoholdupsuchafatman.

②Canyouholdontothoseticketsforme?

知识要点5furnituren,家具

［教材原句P40］Ittookhimalotofvigour/energytomovealltheitemsof

furnitureinsidethehouse.

［例1］Eachpieceoffarnitureintheirhomesuitedthestyleofthehouse.

［例2］Weneedtobuysomenewfurniture.

［造句］这种木料太软了，不适合用来做家具。

Thewoodistoosofttomakefurniture.

［知识拓展］

(1)apieceoffurniture一件家具

(2)furnishvt.装修；布置，设置；提供；供应

furnishsth.withsth.用....布置....

furnishsb./sth.withsth.=furnishsth.tosb./sth.

为某人/某物提供某物

befurnishedwith备有：安装有

⑶furnishedadj.备有家具的

［即学即练］单句语法填空

©Eleanormovedintoasmallfurnished(furnish)apartment.

②Manyproprietors(业.主)trytofurnishtheirhouseswithantiques.

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③Thehouseiscrammedwithpricelessfnrnitnre(furnish)andworksofart.

知识要点6applicationn.申请；请求；应用

［教材原句P4o］Unfortunately,hisapplicationwasturneddownbecausehewas

tooyoungandnotqualifiedenough.

［例1］Applicationsshouldbesubmittedasearlyaspossible.

［例2］Howdothetwotechniquescompareintermsofapplication?

［造句］我想他们已经拒绝我的申请了。

Ithinktheyhaverejectedmyapplicaticn.

［知识拓展］

(l)applicantn.申请人

(2)applyvt.申请；应用

apply(tosb.)forsth.（向某人）申请某事/物

applytosb./sth.适用于某人/物

applysth.tosth.把……应用于……

applyoneselftodoingsth.专注于/集中精力做某事

［即学即练］单句语法填空

①WeshouldapplywhatwehavelearnedatschooltQdailylife.

②Hewantstoapplytothecompanyforajobasasalesman.

③Thistrafficruleappliesgallthedrivers.

［小片段填空］

Thirtygraduatesappliedforthepost.Alltheseapplicantsfilledintheapplication

formsseriously.(apply)

SentencePatterns

重点句式1so.・.thaJ句型

［教材原句P38］ButIwasSQenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwith

themthatIsecretlywentaboardhisship*theEndurance*andhidinasmall

cupboard.

句式分析：本句中的so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,so是副词,后

面跟形容词或副词。

［例1］IamsotiredthatIwanttosleeprightnow.

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我是如此的累以至于我想马上睡觉。

H列2］Herparentsgavehersomanytoysthatshecouldn'tpossiblyplaywith

themall.

［造句］日程做了精心安排，以使每一讲都没有重复内容。

Theprogrammehasbeensoorganisedthatnoneofthetalksoverlap.

［知识拓展］

形容词/副词

应看词”(n)；水数疝数名词

mnny/hw♦复数可数名词+5酎从句

much/1iUIe(少不可数名词

Un)+形容词+单数可数名词

舷*时+发数中数有词Lu,,

形容词+不可数名词

［即学即练］单句语法填空/完成句子

©Georgehadsolittlemoneythathehadtogetajob.

②Itwassuchabadaccidentthatseveralpeoplegotinjured.

©Lighttravelssofastthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed

④Itissuchaninterestingbook(如此有趣的一本书)thatallofuswanttoread.

重点句式2too.・.to.・•结构

［教材原句P39］...tbevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofusto

makeitinoursmallboats.

……这次航行太危险了，很难让我们所有人都坐上小船。

句式分析：本句中too...to…表示"太……而天能……”，20是副词，后面跟

形容词或副词。

。列1］Themathsproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.

［例2］Sometimestheoilmaybetoothicktopouratall.

［造句］小男孩还太小不到上学年龄。

Theboyisstilltooyoungtogotoschool.

［知识拓展］

在下面结构中含有肯定意义：

(1)当too后的形容词是表示心情的形容词时,如glad,pleased,surprised,

happy,eager,anxious等，此时，too相当于very或verymuch。

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(2)too...to…与never,not等连用时,也表示肯定意义。

［即学即练］单句语法填空/完成句子

①It'stoofartogetthereontime.

②YouarenevertoolatetolearnEnglish.

@Shewastooanxioustobuy(buy)thisdress.

④I'mtoogladtomeetyou.

@Itisnevertoolatetomend.

6长JOL分析

HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazing

placesIhavebeento!

［分析］木句是一个感叹句，其中when引导的是时间状语从句；“Ihavebeen

to”是定语从句，修饰placeso

［翻译］当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时，每个人都会羡慕

我！

F教材对接—

教材高考

(2019-天津卷)Touchedbytheir

l.ButIwassoenthusiasticaboutthe

enthusiasticexpressionofaffection,

ideaofgoingalongwiththemthatI...

Mabrythankedthemall.

2.Heassignedmetobeasteward,andI(2019•天津卷Occasionally,Iwouldread

nowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,anovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn't

threetimesaday.enjoythistypeofreading.

(2019天津卷)However,technologyis

3.Unfortunately,hisapplicationwas

alsotheapplicationofscientific

turneddownbecausehewastooyoung

knowledgetosolveaproblem,touching

andnotqualifiedenough.

livesincountlessways.

1应用落实F

I.单句语法填空

1.Mathistoodifficultformetolearn(learn)well.

2.Mikeissuchanhonestboythatweallbelievehim.

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3.Previousteachingexperienceisanecessaryqiialification(qnalify)forthisjob.

4.Butthebasementwonoutandtheysetabouttrying(try)toraisemoremoney

forthebusiness.

5.Thechildwasfoundabandcned(abandon)butunharmed.

6.IneededtosortmyhekrngingsCbelong)atthattime.

7.Walterwasgoingtospeak,buthisuncleheldup.hishand.

8.Wedrankteabylamplightinhisfiimished(furnish)house.

9.Wehavehadlotsofnppliennr＜；(apply)forthesepositions.

10.Sheimpatientlyturneddownmyrequest.

n.短语填空

turndown：dreamof；beenthusiasticabout；setoff；becomestuckin；frombad

toworse